History Grade 12 P1 NSC June 2012 Question Paper (English)

basic education Department: Basic Education REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION HISTORY P1 HIGHER GRADE 2012 MARKS: 200 HISTORY HG: Paper 1 TIME: 3 hours 5O31E 50311E This question paper consists of 8 pages and an addendum of 10 pages. X@5 VMI Copyright reserved GAUTENG Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com History/HG/P1 2 DBE/2012 SCE INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION Read the following instructions carefully before deciding on which questions to answer. 7 This question paper consists of TWO sections, namely SECTION A and SECTION B. 2. SECTION A consists of SIX essay questions. 3. SECTION B consists of THREE source-based questions. Source material to _ be used to answer these questions is contained in the ADDENDUM. 4. You are allowed to answer ONE essay question and ONE source-based question on the same theme. 5. Do NOT answer TWO essay questions on the same theme. 6. Answer FOUR questions: 6.1 At least ONE must be an essay question and at least ONE must be a source-based question. 6.2 YOU MUST ANSWER AT LEAST ONE QUESTION ON THE COMPULSORY THEME: SOUTH AFRICA — THE PERIOD 1948 TO 1976 (EITHER AN ESSAY OR A SOURCE-BASED QUESTION). 7. Answers and subsections of answers must be numbered clearly and correctly. 8. Time allocated for this question paper should be utilised wisely in the answering of questions, preferably about 45 minutes per question. 9. The mere rewriting of sources in the answering of questions will disadvantage candidates. 10. Write neatly and legibly. Cony reser NAN Pease tum ovr

Downloaded from hlayiso.com History/HG/P1 3 DBE/2012 SCE SECTION A: ESSAY QUESTIONS Answer at least ONE question and not more than THREE questions from this section. QUESTION 1: THE PERIOD 1924 TO 1948 Answer either QUESTION 1A or QUESTION 1B. Do NOT answer both questions. QUESTION 1A South Africa's sovereign independence was recognised during General JBM Hertzog's term of office as Prime Minister. Do you agree with this statement? Use relevant events from 1924 to 1934 to support your answer. [50] OR QUESTION 1B The split in the United Party government in 1939 over the question of South Africa's entry into the Second World War was not unexpected, since coalition and fusion rested on a weak foundation of white political unity and solidarity. Examine this statement critically. [50] QUESTION 2: THE PERIOD 1948 TO 1976 Answer either QUESTION 2A or QUESTION 2B. Do NOT answer both questions. QUESTION 2A On 31 May 1961, the National Party's dream of making South Africa a republic was finally achieved. Do you agree with this statement? Refer in your assessment to the part played by Dr DF Malan, Advocate JG Strijdom and Dr HF Verwoerd in realising this dream. [50] OR QUESTION 2B The defiance campaigns of the 1950s played a significant role in the struggle against apartheid. Evaluate this statement by referring to the period 1948-1958. [50] Conrintesoved ALA 0 Pease tum oer

Downloaded from hlayiso.com History/HG/P1 4 DBE/2012 SCE QUESTION 3: THE PERIOD 1976 TO 1994 Answer either QUESTION 3A or QUESTION 3B. Do NOT answer both questions. QUESTION 3A The trade unions played an important role in the ending of apartheid during the 1980s. Assess the validity of this statement by providing evidence from the period to support your answer. [50] OR QUESTION 3B The establishment of a democracy in South Africa in May 1994 could only be achieved through political negotiations. Do you agree? Substantiate your answer with relevant evidence from the period 1990 to 1994. [50] Seca AN Cea

Downloaded from hlayiso.com History/HG/P1 5 DBE/2012 SCE SECTION B: SOURCE-BASED QUESTIONS Answer at least ONE question from this section. Source material to be used to answer these questions is contained in the ADDENDUM. QUESTION 4: THE PERIOD 1924 TO 1948 41 HOW SIGNIFICANT WAS THE CENTENARY CELEBRATIONS IN STRENGTHENING AFRIKANER NATIONALISM IN THE 1930s? Use Sources 4A, 4B and 4C to answer the following questions. 4.1.1 Study Source 4A. (a) Name TWO factors that motivated Afrikaners to foster a spirit of nationalism. (2 x 1) (b) What, according to Malan, was the 'new Blood River' that the Afrikaners were facing? (2 x 2) (c) In what way did Malan believe that Afrikaner national pride could be preserved and continued? (2 x 1) (d) How do you think black South Africans would have reacted to Malan's statement that 'white civilisation will be assured’? (1x 2) 4.1.2 Refer to Source 4B. (a) In what ways did Afrikaners celebrate the centenary of the battle of Blood River? (2 x 2) (b) Explain why you think the ox-wagon was a sentimental symbol to the Afrikaner. (2 x 2) ae Explain how Sources 4A and 4B complement each other with regard to the significance of the centenary celebrations of Blood River for the Afrikaners. (3 x 2) 4.1.4 Use Source 4C. (a) Why did Solly Sachs send a letter requesting permission for a delegation to attend the centenary celebrations? (2 x 1) (b) (i) What was the response of the organisers of the centenary celebrations to Sach's request? (1 x 2) (ii) Why did the organisers of the centenary celebrations respond in this manner? (Refer to QUESTION Db(i).) (2 x 2) (c) Which limitations does Source 4C have for a historian who is doing research on the centenary celebrations of Blood River? (3 x 2) conritresned A A 00 Peace rer (2) (4) (2) (2) (4) (4) (6) (2) (2) (4) (6)

Downloaded from hlayiso.com History/HG/P1 a Copyright reserved 6 DBE/2012 SCE Use the information from all the sources and your own knowledge to write a paragraph of about 12 lines (about 120 words) on how the centenary celebrations strengthened Afrikaner nationalism in the 1930s. (12) [50] FADIA E08 A ieetlibiial GAUTENG

Downloaded from hlayiso.com History/HG/P1 Z DBE/2012 SCE QUESTION 5: THE PERIOD 1948 TO 1976 5.1 HOW WAS THE DEATH OF HECTOR PIETERSEN IN THE 1976 SOWETO UPRISING REPORTED IN THE NEWSPAPERS? Use Sources 5A, 5B and 5C to answer the following questions. 5.1.1 Use Source 5A. (a) Why did Sam Nzima put on his press armband? (2 x 2) (b) What, according to Sam Nzima, did the police do directly after the students started to sing Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika? (4x 1) (c) Why did Sam Nzima want the film of the photos that he had taken, to be taken to the press? (2 x 2) 5.1.2 Study Sources 5B and 5C. Both these photographs were taken by Sam Nzima: one became an international symbol of repression and youth resistance in South Africa. (a) As a historian using these photographs as evidence, what are the differences between these two photographs? (2 x 2) (b) As a newspaper editor looking for the greatest impact, explain which photograph you would choose. (2 x 2) (c) How reliable are these photographs as historical evidence? Use evidence from all the sources to explain your answer. (3 x 2) 5.1.3 According to Source 5A, the photographer, Sam Nzima, immediately saw the newsworthiness of the event and started to take photos without thinking. He said he did not stop to help Hector Pietersen. What do you think the moral obligations of photographers/reporters are when faced with a similar situation? (3 x 2) 5.1.4 Use Source 5A. Was Sam Nzima acknowledged for his work (the photographs in Sources 5B and 5C)? Explain your answer. (3 x 2) 5.1.5 One of the categories for the celebrations of the 10" anniversary of South Africa's democracy was 'Never again’. Use the information from all the sources and your own knowledge to write a paragraph of about 12 lines (about 120 words) entitled: Soweto 1976: Never Again Ft TCT 0 rr (4) (4) (4) (4) (6) (6) (6) (12) [50]

Downloaded from hlayiso.com History/HG/P1 8 DBE/2012 SCE QUESTION 6: THE PERIOD 1976 TO 1994 6.1 HOW DID THE RIGHT WING REACT TO THE WHITES ONLY REFERENDUM OF MARCH 1992? Use Sources 6A, 6B and 6C to answer the following questions. eu Use Source 6A. (a) The homelands were often referred to as the ‘'Bantustans'. What do you understand by the concept homelands? (1 x 2) (b) Why do you think the cartoonist depicts Mandela and De Klerk dancing a ‘complicated tango'? (3 x 2) (c) What does the cartoonist wish to convey about the relationship between Andries Treurnicht, Oupa Gqozo, Mangosuthu Buthelezi and Lucas Mangope? (3 x 2) 6.1.2 Refer to Source 6B. (a) Define the term referendum. (1 x 2) (b) What was Ken Owen's attitude towards the relationship between Treurnicht, Gqozo, Buthelezi and Mangope? = (2 x 2) (c) What choices, according to Owen, did the white electorate in the country have to consider? (1 x 2) (d) What is implied by Ken Owen when he says: ‘They are anti- intellectual’? (1 x 2) 6.1.3 Consult Source 6C. (a) How, according to Terre' Blanche, would the AWB ‘bring the country to a standstill'? (3 x 2) (b) What did Terre' Blanche imply when he said: 'Most of them [Ystergarde] have been trained in the SADF's [South African Defence Force] elite forces, but they are more committed to their cause ... than any member of the defence force’? (1 x 2) 6.1.4 Refer to Sources 6B and 6C. What were the differences in approach to the negotiation process between Treurnicht (in Source 6B) and that of Eugene Terre’ Blanche (in Source 6C)? (3 x 2) 6.1.5 As an adviser to De Klerk, explain to him in a paragraph of about 12 lines (about 120 words), using all the sources and your own knowledge, why the possible right-wing take-over was a real danger to the country. TOTAL: Copyright reserved UNTO OA A A (2) (6) (6) (2) (4) (2) (2) (6) (2) (6) (12) [50] 200