isiXhosa P2 Survival Kit

CAPE WINELANDS EDUCATION DISTRICT isiXhosa HL Paper 2 SURVIVAL GUIDE

2.7 Uluhlu lwamagama asetyenziswa kwimibuzo Umbuzo Uhlobo lwempendulo elindelekileyo Hlalutya Bonisa ukucingisisa ngezithako ezithile ezikhoyo kumbongo okanye kwincwadi (iNoveli/ uNcwadi lweMveli/ iDrama). Tyhila Velisa ukuba loo nto ibuzwayo ikho ngenene kunye nezithako zayo. Ngqina Apha uxhasa olo luvo lubekiweyo uzixhasa ngeziganeko ezisencwadini / ngobungqina obubonakalayo. Umzekelo: ukuba kuthiwa ngqina ukuba lo mbongo yi-eleji, sebenzisa ulwazi lwakho lweempawu ze-eleji uzichonge kumbongo lowo ubonisa uzixhasa ukuba ezo mpawu zithetha ukuba umbongo lowo yi-eleji. Xoxa Beka omabini amacala elubala kunjalonje uwazi omabini nangona ufuna ukuthatha isigqibo ngelo ulikhethayo UZIXHASE KANOBOM NGEZEHLO ezisencwadini. Nika Musa ukunika isifanokuthi koko xela ngamagama amaninzi ukuba intsingiselo ithetha ukuthini loo nto ibuzwayo. Cacisa Nika ingcaciso ezeleyo malunga noko kubuzwayo ujonge umthamo wamanqaku. Chaza Nika inkcaza malunga naloo nto ifunwayo/ unganika ubume bayo, ujonge umthamo wamanqaku. Caphula Bhala elo gama/ binzana njengoko linjalo / isivakalisi njengoko sinjalo. Ngqina Beka uluvo lwakho lokungqina, uzixhase ngokusencwadini, uze ucaphule imizekelo exhasa olu luvo lwakho. Chonga Kulindeleke ukuba uwucaphule umqlo lowo njengoko unjalo / inani umqolo lomqolo, kuxhomekeka kwindlela ekubuzwe ngayo. Xhasa Kusoloko kufunwa ubungqina bale nto uthe wena yiyo ngobungqina impendulo obusencwadini kwakunye nemizekelo encedisayo. yakho Bonisa Sebenzisa ulwimi oluzekelisayo uze uchonge. 12

ISAHLUKO 3: Uhlalutyo lwenoveli: Inkawu idliw’ilila 3.1 Yintoni inoveli? UJafta noMbhadi (1978:35) bayichaza nglo hlobo: …[l]ibali eligqibeleleyo, esithi okukhona sifunda sisiya phambili kube kukhona sifumana izinto ezintsha ezitsala ingqondo zethu. Eli bali liqhutyelwa phambili ngabalinganiswa. Aba balinganiswa benza ibali libe nomdla ngakumbi kuba ngabantu abangafaniyo ngezimo zabo. ENYE INKCAZELO NGENOVELI •Luncwadi olubhalwe ngumbhali gabalala ebalisa, ecingela ubude obuchazwayo, ikakhulu liba neploti engaqondakaliyo yesenzeko, intetho kunye neengcinga zabalinganiswa zibakumgangatho obonakalisa izinto njengoko zinjalo. •Isebenzisana neengcinga zoluntu olunamava ikakhulu inxulumana kakuhle neziganeko ezixuba iqela labantu. 3.2 IINDIDI ZEENOVELI Inoveli ziziindidi ngeendidi ezizezi: 3.2.1 Ezingothando: • Zibonakala ngokuba kubekho umntu onothando olungazenzisiyo ngakomnye umntu. • Omnye akaqiniseki ukuba uthandwa ngohlobo athandwa ngalo angalubuyisi uthando olo. • Iba lolo kruthakruthwano omnye efuna olwakhe uthando. • Imiqobo iyasuswa uthando luphindele kumninilo. 3.2.2 Ezingesishiqi sentlalo: • Umzali okanye umntu ohloniphekileyo entlalweni wenza izinto ngondlela ndala ongasamkelekanga okanye ngendlela engamkelekanga. • Abanye okanye omnye akaneliseki yindlela ezenzeka ngayo izinto. • Kubakho impixano phakathi kwesi sibini okanye amaqela amabini. • Omnye kufuneka ade azibone ukuba ayikho le ndlela acinga ngayo alungise ke 3.2.3 Ezingophando • Kukho isenzo sobugewu ekufuneka sisonjululwe. • Imigewu isenokuba yiyo yodwa kweli bali ibe ngulowo efuna ukuveza omnye. • Ezixhaphakileyo amapolisa /abacuphi basukuzana nemigewu. 13

• Kukho unxunguphalo, amaxhoba nomkhondo oman’ukwakhelana ngokuya likhula ibali. • Umphandi/ umlinganiswa oyintloko iba ngumcuphi okanye ipolisa okanye nabani na ovele umdla ngezizathu zakhe kulo mba. • Kusetyenzwa ngale micu yomkhondo bade bavele abenzi bobubi kodwa konke oku kumenza lowo ucuphayo abe semngciphekweni. • Lusenokubakho uthando olufafaziweyo ukuze ibali lingadiki kungenjalo abo bebekunye ekuphandeni baphele sele bethandana. 3.2.4 Ezingolwaphulo mthetho • Kubakho umlinganiswa ozenzo zibi, owenze isenzo esihlasimlisa umzimba, ingakukubulala okanye nayiphi na. • Kukho umlinganiswa ozenzo zihle osebenzisa umthetho ukohlwaya ozenzo zibi. • Akukho bunzulu bunikwayo ngesenzo eso simasikizi. • Senzeka kwintlalo yabantu basesikolweni. • Isenzo sokubulala sisonjululwa lipolisa elinobuntu. 3.3 AMAGQABANTSHINTSHI NGOMBHALI UMnumzana Siphatheleni Kula wazalwa ngonyaka we-1965, ezalelwa kwilali yaseMsintsane kwisithili sakuCentane eMpuma Koloni. Kuphela konyana abanaye abazali bakhe uMaGaba noNkabane ongasekhoyo, walekelwa ziintombi ezimbini. UNkabane lo amabanga aphantsi wawafunda kwa-Anta Junior Secondary School phantsi kwesandla sento kaTshevu, ingxilimbela yakwaRhadebe kweziya lali zaseTholeni kwisithili saseGcuwa. Emva koko waya kuphuthaphutha aphakamileyo kwisinala saseNcedisizwe eChebe, phantsi kwesikhetshekhetshe sikaBhokoda ongabhokodiyo, iKwayi laseGodidi. Kukwesi sinala apho wahlangana khona noomagrazula beetitshala ezazifundisa isiXhosa. Ukuphumelela kwakhe imatriki uye kuwa eRhawutini ngeliya kucel’ isonka emLungwini, ukuze nje abe nethamsanqa lokuqeshwa kumzi-mveliso weglasi. Emva kweminyaka embalwa esebenza apho, uye wenza izifundo zabucala kwiYunivesithi yoMzantsi Afrika, nalapho azuze khona imfundo enomsila kwicandelo leBA, nayihlabanisele ngesifundo sesiXhosa kunye nofundo nzulu ngesayensi yolwimi ekuthiwa yiLinguistic ngelasemzini. Kuthe ngeli xesha afunda eYunivesiti, wavela laa mshologu wokubhala wawumqale esinaleni. Uye wadibana nomakhwekhwetha uProfessor Ncedile Saule apho eUnisa. Indlela yakhe ekubhaleni yatsho yaqaqamba okwedyasi kagqirha kangangokuba iinoveli 14

zakhe ezimbini, ethi Elowo Nalowo yaphumelela kukhuphiswano lakwaMNET ngonyaka wama-2007. Inkawu idliw’ilila yona iphumelele kukhuphiswano lwakwaSALA (South African Literacy Awards) ngonyaka wama-2010. Kwangendlela ukubhala okusegazini ngayo kulo mbhali, akanayo enye into ngaphandle kokubhala, nokufunda ezinye iincwadi zababhali. Phambi kokuba aphangele uvukela ekubhaleni, kanti nokubuya kwakhe ikwaseso, ukuba eya kunqandwa kukufika kobuthongo ebusuku. 3.4 INTSINGISELO YESIHLOKO NOQWEQWE LWALE NOVELI Sisaci esi esisukela kubazingeli abaphuma ingqina beyokuzingela ngeenjongo zokuzuza iinyamakazi ukuze bafumane inyama. UKula ukhetha ukusebenzisa inkawu isilwanyana esisondeleyo ebantwini ngezimbo ukutyhila ubuthumbu bencwadi yakhe. Njengokuba bezingela nje abazingeli kuvuka inkawu izinja ziyileqe. Icebo lenkawu ke kukukhwela emthini ukuzisindisa, izinja azikwazi kukhwela mthini zona zilinda phantsi zijonge phezulu kwixhoba 15

lazo. Basuke bade bafike abazingeli bazokuba necebo bona bokuyothula emthini inkawu. Ithi ke inkawu le izililise ngeenjongo zokucela ukusindiswa noxolelo, ukuba ingumdlezana ilile ibambe ibele ukubonisa ukuba iyancancisa. Konke oku kwenziwa yinkawu ifuna ukusizelwa ngabantu ukuze ikhululwe kodwa umntu injongo yakhe ngokuzingela kukufuna inyama, ugqitha kuzo zonke ezo nzame zenziwa yinkawu afezekise iinjongo zakhe engakhathalele nokuba iyancancisa na nokulila oko kwayo. Oku nje ngamafutshane kubonisa ukungabikho kosizi xa umntu eneenjongo zenzuzo akakhathalele omnye umntu koko ujonge isiqu sakhe. Ngesihloko nje esi umbhali sele esikrobisa ukuba akuzukubakho lusizi kule ncwadi ngeenjongo zenzuzo. Inzuzo leyo enokuzanywa ngokususa imiqobo esendleleni. Ukuba umntu lo ujonge inzuzo kufuneka ebulele ukuze azuze uza kubulala. Abanye abantu banokuphelelwa yimisebebenzi, banokubulala ngeenjongo zenzuzo bengaboni ukuba imizamo yabo ingaboyelisela emhadini. Isiphelo ke solwaphulo mthetho kukubanjwa. 3.4.1 ISIHLOKO SIBHALWE NJANI? Isihloko sibhalwe ngamagama abomvu. Umbala obomvu umele ingozi, igazi. Ngombala nje wamagama esihloko umbhali usikrobisa kubungozi nempalalo gazi eza kubakho kwincwadi yakhe. Impalalo gazi ke ilulwaphulo mthetho. Ulwaphulo mthetho lutshaba lomthetho. Kwakophulwa umthetho kufuneka umthetho ungenelele uthathe indawo. 3.4.2 UMFANEKISO ONGAPHANDLE KUQWEQWE LWENCWADI. Kuhlalutyo loncwadi siqwalasela ezi zinto zilandelayo kuqweqwe: isihloko, umbala wamagama asisihloko, umfanekiso ongaphandle. Kukho abantu ababini indoda nentombi. Ingcinga efika kuqala xa ubona izini ezibini ezahlukeneyo kukuba bayathandana. Kuthando lwabo amehlo athetha enye into kuba indoda ijonge kwintombi kodwa yona intombi iqwalasele ecaleni kwaye ibonakala icinga nzulu. Lo mfanekiso usityhilela ukuba nokuba esi sibini singabe siyathandana kodwa ikho ingxaki etyhutyha ingqondo yentombi. Isinxibo sesi sibini sikwatyhila isimo sentlalo. 3.4.3 ISINXIBO SOMLINGANISWA Isinxibo somlinganiswa sithetha lukhulu ngomlinganiswa nendima eza kudlalwa ngumlinganiswa. Isinxibo siveza isimo sentlalo ukanti sikwamtyhila ubunjani bakhe umlinganiswa. 16

3.4.4 UDIDI LWENOVELI Kubalulekile ukulwazi udidi lwenoveli oyifundayo. Ukwazi udidi lwenoveli kukwazi iimpawu. Le noveli yinoveli engolwaphulo mthetho. 3.4.5 ISIQALO SENCWADI Umbhali ubonakalise ubuchule kwisiqalo sencwadi yakhe ngokuthi ayiqale ngokufa kukaMsindisi ukutsala umdla wabafundi. Le ndlela yesiqalo imbambela kufutshane umfundi nencwadi kuba efuna ukwazi ukuba ufela ntoni uMsindisi? UThantaswa utsalela umnxeba uMfuneko esithi abafana bawenze ngempumelelo umsebenzi ebebebathume wona makasebenze ke uMfuneko njengepolisa. Oku kunika umdla kakhulu kubafundi bangene encwadini benemibuzo abarhalela ukuba ikhawuleze incwadi iyiphendule. Olo lwazi lwakufumaneka ngokufunda umfimfithe incwadi. 3.5 ISISHWANKATHELO SEBALI INoveli esihloko sithi,” Inkawu Idliw’ ilila”, libali elimalunga nokunyolukela imali ngendlela egqithisileyo komlinganiswa ophambili onguThantaswa. Le ntombi yenza naliphi na ilinge lokuba ifikelele emalini engayibilelanga. Ubuhle bukaThantaswa buphithanisa intloko kaMsindisi besaqala nje ukudibana, ukanti ubutyebi bukaMsindisi bubo obenza uThantaswa azibone engena emtshatweni nomntu angamthandiyo. Utshelwa zizicheku ngenxa yokungafumani bantwana ekubonakala ukuba ebeya kubenza isixhobo sokufikelela kwimali yendoda esisityebi enguMsindisi. Umtshato wakhe uwuseka phezu kobuxoki bokufihla umntwana wakhe amfumanele ekhaya, emfumana kuMfuneko. Uthi asebenzisane nemenemene lendoda enguMfuneko onguyise womntwana wakhe baze bohlukana ngenxa yokuthanda amantombazana nokungabi nanyani. UMfuneko usisebenzisa kakubi isikhundla sakhe sokuba ngumcuphi, esebenzisa amabhinqa uNompumelelo noThantaswa ngokubakhuthaza ekubulaleni amadoda abo kuba befuna ukuzuza imali. Imali kaMsindisi ibe lisango lenkohlakalo entliziyweni kaThantaswa. Kugetyengwa abantu uChizama noMsindisi ze uMfezeko Mapheza afakelwe uvutha nguSphongo ixhwele. UMfuneko ulixoki elifanayo noThantaswa kuba emva kwazo zonke izinto abaziqulunqileyo ufuna indyebo ibe ngakuye. Ilifa ebecinga ukuba UThantaswa uza kulifumana akuba ebulele uMsindisi oyindoda yakhe libonakala lizinkwenkwezi kuye nto leyo eyenze ukuba azisube umphefumlo akuba ezame 17

ukusuba imiphefumlo yabaninzi. Ibali liphela uThantaswa edubula uMfuneka, akugqiba azidubule babe bobabini bayabhubha. 3.6 ISAKHIWO NESAKHIWANA SEBALI 3.6.1 ISAKHIWO USatyo nezinye iingcali bathi: isakhiwo sebali lucwangciso lwezinto ezehlayo okanye ezenzeka apha ebalini. Xa kusenziwa olo cwangciso kugxininiswa kunobangela nesiphumo, ukuze licwangciseke ngokukuko ibali kufanele iziganeko zilandelelane kakuhle ngokukhula kwazo, esinye sikhokhelele kwesilandelayo. Kubalulekile ukuba zithungelelane. Inoveli inezakhiwo ezihlukeneyo. Kukho isakhiwo sesithethe (traditional plot) esi seso sakhiwe sahlulwa sanesiqalo, isiqu kunye nesiphelo. Sesona silandeleka ngokulula, iziganeko zilandelelana ngokucacileyo. Sikho eso sakhiwe ngamanqanaba afana nawomdlalo weqonga. Ukuze ibali lakheke ngokukuko kufanele liyondelelane. Kuye kusetyenziswe izixhobo ezithile ukuyondelelanisa. Esona sixhobo siphambili ekwenzeni oku yimpixano, le yeyona isisihlahla ekwakhiweni kwebali. Kufuneka kube khona ungquzulwano oluthile noluthi luqhubele phambili ibali side siye kufika kwisisombululo solo kruthwakruthwano. Kufuneka le nto iza kudala impixano apha ebalini siyaziswe okanye sidibane nayo kwasekuqaleni kwebali. Esinye isixhobo esibalulekileyo lixhala. Ixhala athi alifake kubafundi umbhali linceda ukuyondelelanisa le mpixano. Eli xhala ligcina abafundi benomdla kuba basoloko befuna ukuqonda ukuba yintoni eza kude ihle. Lilo elidala ukuba babandakanyeke ebalini ngemvakalelo yabo. Liyabathimba bazibone beyinxalenye yebali nabo. 3.6.2 ISAKHIWANA SEBALI • Libalana eliqhubeka ecaleni kweli bali likhulu kodwa injongo yalo ikukulikhulisa. • Sifana nebali elifutshane, sifumaneka phakathi kwisakhiwo kodwa siba nentshayelelo, isiqu nesiphelo. • Yindlela esetyenziswa ngumbhali ukolula ibali lakhe ukuze lingafiki msinya kuvuthondaba, udla ngokusebenzisa umlinganiswa okufutshane nomlinganiswa oyintloko. • Ibali liyakwazi ukuqhubeleka naxa singekho isakhiwana. UMZEKELO 18

Kule ncwadi yethu: INKAWU IDLIW’ILILA kukho isakhiwana sebali apho uMfuneko noNqoza besenza iyelenqe lokutyisa uMfezeko ityhefu ngenxa yokokuba besithi uzenza ipolisa elinengqondo yedwa kwesa sikhululo sabo. Uyagula uMfezeko ayosinda esibhedlela, bafike bambe bamse kwixhwele uNyangayethu ukuze amtshise ngovutha. Nalapho abakhange baphumelele (ifumaneka kwisahluko 9, 10, 11). 3.7 IMIBA EBALULEKILEYO NEMAYIQWALASELWE XA KUFUNDWA INOVELI Imvelaphi nesimo sentlalo Iimpawu eziyahlula kolunye udidi Isakhiwo nesakhi- loncwadi wa, isigqibelo/i- siphelo Imbono esekwe phezu kwayo iNoveli Abalinganiswa Imbono esekwe phezu kwayo iNoveli UKUFUNDA NOKUHLALUTYA Indima ezihlalwa IDRAMA ngabalinganiswa Unxunguphalo Imixholo nemiyalezo Impixano Ulwimi nesimbo Umoya Isicingo sexesha 3.7.1 AMANQANABA ESAKHIWO SENOVELI: • Ingabula zigcawu. • Ukuyondelelana kwezinto. • Uvuthondaba. • Ukusonjululwa kwezinto. 19

• Isiphelo. 3.7.2 Iziqulatho zesakhiwo nesakhiwana (unxantathu kaFreytag) 3.7.3 Inkcazelo kanxantathu kaFretag ngesimo sesakhiwo • Isiqalo sebali • Indlela izinto eziyiyo phambi kokuqala Ingabula-zigcawu kwentshukumo. A-B • Yazisa umlinganiswa ophambili uinike imvelaphi okanye umxholo womdlalo. • Intshayelelo yempixano (B), ekhokelela kwingxaki okanye ukuyondelelana kwezinto (B-C): le ndawo ebalini inika uluhlu Ukuyonde-lelana lweziganeko ezinika ubunzima bemeko yomlinganiswa kwezinto ophambili. • Uluhlu lweempixano. B-C • Ubunzima ebalini obukhokelela kuvuthondaba. • Ukujiya kwezinto • Owona mzuzu unzima (ngokwasengqondweni okanye ngokwentshukumo.) • Kufika apho umlinganiswa anyanzeliswa ukuba athathe isigqibo okanye enze into. Uvuthonda-ba • Eli nqanaba libizwa ngokuba lelezigqibo. C • Lenza ukuba intshukumo ibuyele umva ngokwayo. • Uvuthondaba (C): ngowona mzuzu apho inqanaba lezigqibo lenzeka khona. Okwenzeka apha kule ndawo kungunobangela wesiphumo soku. 20

3.7.4 KWINGABULA - ZIGCAWU • Kuvezwa ngantlanye umcimbi eliza kuchankcatha kuwo ibali. • Sithiwa ntlo kubalinganiswa abaphambili. • Indima yabo ithiwa thsuphe kwasekuqaleni. • Isimo sentlalo sithiwa ntlo. • Indawo nexesha ziyaveliswa. • Kule noveli yethu umbhali usivezela abalinganiswa abaphambili kwisahluko soku-1 (p16 ) sivezelwa uThantaswa ethetha noMfuneko. • Asanelanga ukufumana abalinganiswa bodwa koko siphinda sifumane ingxaki eza kudala usoze wempixano, sivezelwa ukugwintwa kukaMsindisi. • Kwalapha kweli nqanaba umbhali usixelela ngomlo ophakathi kukaMfuneko Mnenga noMfezeko Mapheza bangamapolisa bobabini, Mfezeko lowo oza kuba ngumcuphi kwityala lokubulawa kukaMsindisi. • Ukuphuma kwesisu sikaThantaswa kubonakalisa ukuntshula kwezithole zempixano. IXESHA: Lixesha langoku: • UThantaswa usebenzisa unomyayi/iselula, kulalwa ezibhedini (p16). • Uhlobo lwemoto ahamba ngayo uMsindisi yimesedisi • Ukusetyenziswa kwemipu. • Ubukho bezikhululo zamapolisa. • Ubukho boogqirha neesejari. INDAWO: Kusedolophini nasezilalini. • Edolophini: ukusuka eMtata ukuya eDutywa (p20 ukuhlangana kukaThantaswa noMsindisi) • Umzi kaMsindisi usedolophini eGcuwa eVuli Valley. • Ezilalini: Ikhaya likaThantaswa lisezilalini zaseDutywa. • UMsindisi uzalwa kwilali yaseNtabezulu kuCentane. 3.7.5 KUYONDELELANA KWEZINTO • Iyalwatyuza impixano yenza umsebenzi wayo, iyadlwayiza, abalinganiswa bakwiingxaki eziphotheneyo ngakumbi abaphambili, umlinganiswa uthi esongula olu ucwambu kube kuvela olunye. • Abalinganiswa baziintlaba zahlukane/ kukho ukuhlelana kwabalinganiswa elowo uziveza elona cala angakulo ebalini. • Ziyakhula iziganeko nomoya wempixano uya ukhula ngokukhula- ubheka phambili, elowo umntu ubambe umzimba ukuba kuza kwenzeka ni, izimo zabalinganiswa ziyadula/ ziyavela. Umzekelo • Ukudibana kukaThantaswa noMsindisi kuqale uthando lwabo baze batshate. • UThantaswa uyaziveza ukuba utsalwa bubuhle bemoto kaMsindisi. 21

Ø UThantaswa uyamitha aze aphume isisu ingxelo kagqirha uChirandra ithi akanakuphinda ebomini afumane bantwana. • Ukubuyelana kukaThantaswa noMfuneko, izinto abazincokolayo ukubhaqwa ngumyeni wakhe engalalanga ekhaya. • UThantaswa uphinde eve ukuba umyeni wakhe uceba ukuzeka isithembu. • Iyakhula impixano xa uThantaswa noMfuneko bequlunqa iinzame zokubulala uMsindisi.UMsindisi uxhaswa ngabantakwabo ukuba athathe isithembu, uMfuneko uxhasa uThantaswa ukuba abulale uMsindisi kuba ejonge inzuzo. UThantaswa uxhaswa ngumama wakhe. Kwakhona uThantaswa ungquzulana nomthetho- umchasi wakhe nguMfezeko ongumcuphi kwityala lokubulawa kukaMsindisi. • Ukuthungelana kweziganeko ezikweli nqanaba, ukuya kutsho encochoyini yebali: o Uphando lukaMfezeko. o Ukukhohliswa kukaNqoza nguMfuneko. o Ukudliswa kukaMfezeko nokusinda kwakhe. o Ukubiwa kukaMfezeko esibhedlele. o Ukuzama ukubulala uMfezeko ngomlilo lixhwele uNyangalethu. o Ukusinda kukaMfezeko ekufeni ngomlilo. o UMdlambila uxelela uThantaswa ngokungafakwa elifeni lomyeni wakhe nokuza necebo lokuba angamfaka njani. o Ukuphoxeka kwamapolisa kwaMapheza. o Ingxabano phakathi koMfuneko noNyangalethu. o Ukubuyela kukaMfezeko emsebenzini. o Ukunqunyanyiswa kukaMfuneko noNqoza emsebenzini. 3.7.6 UVUTHONDABA • Kweli nqanaba izinto zifike kwincochoyi. • Kubi kumacala omabini akukho kubuya mva, zizaqhwithi zodwa, elowo umlinganiswa uzijule ijacu, umonde wokunyamezela uphelile, elowo umlinganiswa ophambili uthi mayisuke yehle ehlayo. • Abaphixanayo abasenako ukuba bangaphixana ngaphezu koku. • Apha umlinganiswa ophambili uhlangana nemeko emenza anyanzeleke ukuba enze inguqu. Ukubulawa kukaMsindisi (p 61) UThantaswa ulungiselela umyeni wakhe ozakuthabatha uhambo oluya eThekwini, ukanti uThantaswa sele zilungisile izikrelemnqa zakhe eziza kubulala uMsindisi. UThantaswa ubuza indlela umyeni wakhe aza kuhamba ngayo buncoko, naye umyeni uyixela engenamanwele. Injongo kaThantaswa ngokubuza indlela 22

wenzela izikrelemnqa zimlinde kwindlela eyiyo. UThantaswa uvezwa njengomntu ogabadeleyo ekungcoleni. Uthandazela ukuba uMsindisi abe nendlela entle kodwa uyazi ukuba uneyelenqe ngaye. • Ukuphandwa kukaThantaswa ngokufa kukaMsindisi. • UMdlambila noThantaswa batshintsha incwadi yamafa. • Ukupatyalaka kwecebo likaMdlambila lokutshintsha incwadi yelifa. 3.7.7 ISISOMBULULO • Kweli nqanaba sifumana ukusonjululwa kweziganeko ebezikade zisehla ebalini • Amaqhina ayasonjululwa. • Impixano ijonge esiphelweni. • Kuziwa nesisombululo nokuba isisombululo eso sizinephumo ezikrakra komnye wabalinganiswa abaphambili. • Ukusonjululwa kwezinto-izishiqi ziyakhululwa-ziyawululeka izinto, wonke umntu uvelile, kungqutywana ngeentloko kuthiwa makuthweni. • Injikaphethu: Yilaa ndawo izenzo ziguqukela ngakumlinganiswa oyintloko/ophambili/ okanye zimlahle umlinganiswa oyintloko. Umzekelo • UMfuneko noNqoza bayanqunyanyiswa emsebenzini ngenxa yezenzo zabo ezibi zokuphazamisana nengalo yomthetho kunye nokuhambisana nababulali bakugqiba ukuba ngamapolisa. • UMdlambila naye uyabanjwa ngenxa yobuqhophololo ekubeni engumntu womthetho iAdvocate yonke. • Izinto zijonge esiphelweni: Ibali liyathambeka, ukufa kukaThantaswa noMfuneko kukhulula abanye emxhelweni. uZimkhitha(p187) uthi, “uThixo ugweba msinya”, kanti yena uMkhokheli uthi, “Ingcibi yamanzi ifa ngamanzi, eyezikhali ngezikhali”, oku kubonisa ukuba batsho baphila nabo emphefumlweni xa nabo befe ngendlela awafa ngayo uMsindisi. 3.7.8 ISIPHELO Apha kweli nqanaba sityhilelwa ngesiphumo sempixano esisenokuvela ngokuthi; • Acace poqo owoyisakeleyo, • Impixano iyacaca ukuba ikweliphi icala. • Kulungiswe obekungquzulwana ngako. • Umlinganiswa oyintloko azibone into ayiyo • Ingayintlekele / isiyolisi • Injongo yokubhalwa kwayo inoveli iphuhle mpela. • Sisenokuba yinto ebilindelekile • Kungenjalo, umbhali webali usenokusenza siphanjwe zizinto, ibali liphume apho besingacingelanga khona. Umzekelo 23

• Izigwinta zikaMsindisi ziyabanjwa, • UThantaswa noMfuneko bafile. • Ilifa likaMsindisi lifunyanwa ngunyana wakhe uPhumlani. • UNqoza ugwetywa iminyaka elishumi elinambini. 3.8. IMPIXANO • Ngundoqo okanye sisihlahla sebali. Yenye yeentsika eziphambili ekwakheni ibali libe nomdla. Ngaphandle kwayo ibali linganomdintsi onganyamezelekiyo. • Idalwa kukubethabethana kwezimvo/ kweengcamango zabalinganiswa / okanye ukungaboni ngasonye ngomba othile - umlinganiswa ngamnye, kungenjalo iqela elithile labalinganiswa limela uluvo / imbono ethile. • Inokubonwa ngamehlo okanye iviwe ngeendlebe. • Yiyo ekhokhelela kuvuthondaba. • Esinye sezixhobo ezisetyenziswa ngumbalisi yimpixano esenokuvela ngeendlela ngeendlela. • Isenokuba lugxagxamiswano esilubona ngamehlo. • Xa iyeyangaphakathi isenokuphathelela engqondweni, emxhelweni, emphefumlweni. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba umlinganiswa unomvandedwa anawo. • Isenokubonakala ngamehlo omxhelo. • Xa impixano iyeyangaphandle, isenokuba lungquzulwano phakathi komntu nomntu nezinto ezimngqongileyo. 3.8.1 Iindidi zempixano 3.8.1.1 Eyangaphandle • Iphakathi komntu nomntu/ umntu nabantu/ abantu nabantu bengavisisani ngezimvo. • Kwezininzi zanamhla iincwadi ikhe ibe phakathi komntwana nabazali ngenxa yexesha ngokubhekiselele kwimiba yezithethe namasiko • Ingaphakathi komlinganiswa nenkolo. 24

3.8.1.2 Eyangaphakathi • Apha umlinganiswa ulwa nomphefumlo wakhe, akukho konwaba. • Kukho ukubethabethana kwezimvo zomlinganiswa. • Ngenxa yokujaceka komphefumlo umlinganiswa maxa wambi uthanda ukuba likheswa. • Ngenxa yeengcinga ezimongameleyo wumbi ude athethe yedwa ekhupha imbilini ngoko kukrekretha umphefumlo wakhe. 3.8.2 Impixano yangaphakathi ngokwasebalini Imizekelo ngokuqhubeka ebalini UMsindisi Yangaphi ngusomashishini ohleli impilo yobusoka ixesha elide. Uzanyulela imbelukazi emanz’andonga, uThantaswa Ntlontlo, angamaziyo ukuba uneemfuno zemali. Esi sibini sithi sakube sitshatile sive iindaba ezimnandi zokuba uthathile uThantaswa nto leyo elindelekileyo kubantu abasandula ukuzimanya ngeqhina lomtshato. Bathi besavuya njalo siphuncuke isisu sakhe. Uthi umbhali wabhitya wangumcinga uThantaswa. Sithi sive ukuba umphefumlo wakhe wakrazuka kubini. Oku kubhitya kwakhe kubonakalisa ukuba wayengasabuthi cwe ubuthongo ngumvandedwa. Sithi sive nokuba kwakungasehli nento etyiwayo ngenxa yokujika-jikana engqondweni yakhe nekamva lakhe engenamntwana wokhuko kwaYangaphi. Kaloku siyazi ukuba umntwana likhonkco elidibanisa umfazi nendoda kwelinye icala sisikhonkwane esibethelela umfazi emtshatweni wakhe. Siba nexhala kuba intetho kagqirha iyibeka kwelinye iqondo le mpixano uthi; “Mawethu, ndibuhlungu ukuvakalisa ukuba anisayi kuphinda nimfumane umntwana. Unkosikazi Yangaphi unengxaki yokukhawula enqabileyo, nesingekasifumani isisombululo sayo okwangoku singoogqirha. Ukuba angakhawulwa kwakhona, loo nto ingabeka ubomi bakhe esichengeni….” (p.36) Le ntetho kagqirha iwenza unyophane ngakumbi umphefumlo kaThantaswa kuba eqonda ukuba ungogxothiweyo kwaYangaphi. Sithi sibone kwesi sibini impixano yangaphakathi kuba ukuphuma kwabo kwagqirha ingulowo wothukela ngaphakathi kungekho mntu uphumeza lizwi. UMsindisi njengayo nayiphi na indoda xa itshatile ijonge indlalifa ngoku yena ixhala analo kukuphela kwegama lo mzi wakhe kuba engazi ukuba uza kulibhalisa ngabani ilifa lakhe. Yonke le ngcingane kaMsindisi imtyakatya ubuchopho. Kwelinye icala uThantaswa 25

ucinga uMsindisi umcingela ububi kuba akukho mntu uthetha nomnye. Oku kungathethisani kwesi sibini kuwunyusa ngakumbi umoya wempixano eyakhekele ngaphakathi kubo. Endaweni yokuba kuchanjuzwe ithumba uThantaswa udibana nesidala sakhe uMfuneko ngelokuziphozisa intliziyo de bayokulala ehotele. UMsindisi ubuya ngobusuku apho ebeye khona. Siva ukuba ufike ibhedi ibanda ceke ngelixa umfazi alele kamnandi ehotele nomakhwapheni ngemali yakhe yena Msindisi. Sihle sazi ukuba nabani akanokuyonwabela le meko. Ukuyibona kwakhe le meko uyalila. Unamazwi athi; “Inene ukuzenza akufani nokwenziwa. Mhla ndambona uThantaswa wayeyingelosi endandicinga ukuba iya kundizalela abantwana abafana nayo. Kodwa kungoku yinkomo enotshobo endingenakuba sayigoba…” (p.52) Sithi sivelane noMsindisi kwimeko ajongene nayo kuba ngoku akasakwazi ukubuya ngamva kwaye ngoku kufuneka evule amehlo. Uyayiqonda naye ukuba ngoku kungakho impalalo gazi kuba kaloku inkomo enotshobo inempambano engadala ukufa. Kubaluwa uMsindisi ngoonqevu abafunwe nguHlumisa kuba ecinga ukuba wenza isigqibo esisiso kanti uzibhudile izingqi. UThantaswa ulahlekelwa yinto yonke nanjengoko besivile ukuba eyona njongo kulo mtshato wakhe yimali hayi uthando. Simva kumazwi athi; “Ndikhe ndive abadala besithi igazi lomntu liyathetha. Akukho nto indihambela kakuhle tu kulo mzi, igazi likaMsindisi liyandizotha… kunyanisiwe xa kusithiwa ngamaciko, isikhuni sibuya nomkhwezeli. Nanku nalo mfo bendithembele ngaye eza kugwetywa. Owu ndiya kuba ngokabani na?” (p.173) Apha kwesi sigaba sihle sibone ukuba ngoku akasabethwa ngabantu aphila nabo koko nangabaphantsi. Ingcwaba lomyeni wakhe liyashukuma, umoya wakhe awuzolanga. uyazibona naye ukuba uze. Ukubanjwa kukaMdlambila kwiphepha (p174) kuphinde kwahlikihla ityuwa enxebeni entliziyweni kaThanti: “Oo! Hay’ ilishwa lam emhlabeni!” Ukhathazekile uThantaswa, kwaye ngathi uyayibona ukuba intambo ngakuye iyasongwa kancinci, unukiselwa yintolongo. Njengomntu owayengonwabanga emxhelweni kwezo ntsuku, umbhali le intliziyo yakhe iqunungeleyo uyidlabhuza thufu ngamazwana awabhalele unina ngonomyayi kwikhasi (p.184): “ayisekho into endiyiphilelayo emhlabeni.” Uncamile ngoku usathana! Apha ngasentla siboniswe indlela impixano yangaphakathi esebenza ngayo ebalini. Sikwaboniswe nangendlela engakhokelela ekubeni siyibone ngamehlo, itsho ke ngoku loo nto isikrobise kolunye udidi longquzulwano – impixano yangaphandle. 26

3.8.3 Impixano yangaphandle ngokwasebalini Ngokuphathelele kwimpixano yangaphandle, umbhali uyihlwayele okweenkwenkwezi esibhakabhakeni apha ebalini. Imizekelo ngokuqhubeka ebalini Emva kokuba uThantaswa noYangaphi bexelelwe ngugqirha ukuba abasayi kuphinda bafumane mntwana, elowo kubo usondela ngasemntwini wakhe. Kunokuba intombi yakhe iphulukane nenqatha, uNonkanyiso uxolele ukuyilwela ngokwakhe. Mve kwiphepha (p. 37) “Makhe sijonge ke ukuba uza kuthini na umyeni wakho phambi kokuba sizame naliphi na icebo.” Kwelinye icala uMsindisi ufuna ukuyisombulula ngesithembu yena le ngxaki yokungafumani kwabo abantwana. Ngomnye umba olumezisa amazinyo kumfundi lo, ingakumbi le nto xa ithethelwa ekhusini nguMsindisi nabantakwabo. Mfundi kwangoko zilungiselele indawo yokubukela umlo wesi sibini, kuba umba wesithembu ngumba odala uchuku kakade esimeni sawo. Oku kondliwa kwale mpixano ngolu hlobo ngumbhali kwenza ukuba umfundi angxalane umphefumlo lixhala, emana ukuzithethela nayedwa esithi le into yenzekayo iyaya kwayiwayo, kwaye iya kuthi apho igqabhuke khona kunuke ihashe elifileyo. Uthini yena uMkhokeli kwiphepha (p.38). “Elam ke lithi wuqhawule lo mtshato kusengethuba nangona umfazi wakho engenakusamkela nje isizathu soko.” Abaxhasi bale genge baphemba umlilo endaweni yokuwucima. Amacebo abo ngamacebo angakhokeleli kwisisombululo. Oku kwakha kwabo ihlelo ngolu hlobo kwenza ukuba umfundi ame encochoyini yentaba axele amadoda ebukele umdlalo weentonga wamakhwenkwe entilini, kuba ngathi kuza kudlana iintsimbi. Ukudibana kukaThantaswa noMfuneko kwangeza abancedisi ngakwicala lakhe. Iingxaki zomzi wakhe uziphalazela umntu wesithathu kuba ecinga ukuba loo nto iza kuphilisa umvandedwa wakhe. Ukhona kakade umnyibi ongasombulula iingxaki zomntu abisa naye? Sokha sibone! Mhlawumbi umfundi utsho kwesi sigaba. Sithi sisajonge ukukholoselana phakathi koThantaswa noMsindisi, elowo kubo elidlalela esifubeni sakhe ikhasi aza kuphumelela ngalo lo nomji, umbhali aphinde agalele iparafini eza 27

ngolwimi lomqeshwa kaThantaswa, uNozizwe. Uxelela uNkosikazi Yangaphi ukuba umyeni wakhe uceba ukuthatha isithembu, kwaye kuloo nto uxhaswa nguMkhokeli noZimkhitha. Sithi besilindele ukubhabhazela komlilo weendiza kuThantaswa, kodwa akhethe ukuzikhupha ngobuchule izagweba zakhe xa akhetha ukungayibuziyo ngqo indoda yakhe ngale nto yesi sithembu. Uqule ngantoni? Amazwi kamama wakhe kwiphepha (p.46) athi, “Intlwa ayibanjwa ngentloko isavela, mntwan’am,” abonisa ukuba liselikhulu idabi elizayo, uMsindisi akazi kuyekelwa azenzele into ayithandayo sesi sibini. Asingamazwi anoxolo la. Uthi umbhali lwatsho lwetha uthando lukaThantaswa ngasemyenini wakhe. Ukuhla kwalo luvuselele olukaMfuneko, nowayemana ukumcebisa nangona yena engenamfazi nje. Siyayibona ngoku le mpixano ukuba ifuna ukunaba ithi tshitshilili okwebhatata esitiyeni apha ebalini. Luya luvuleka ngakumbi nangakumbi ngoku uthanda phakathi kwaba baxambulisanayo. Intlalo yesi sibini umbhali uyichaza (p.47) ngamazwi athi: UThantaswa wathi rhuthu umkhutyana wokumana ebuya ebusuku emzini wakhe ngezinye iimini. Wayefika endlwini sel’ ezilahlela phezu kwesofa kukudinwa. Wathi akuvelisa lo mkhuba, naye uMsindisi wakhupha amanye amehlo. Yaqala ukungabikho imvisiswano ngoku endlwini kuba nangona indoda yayizama ukumluleka nje umfazi wayo, uThantaswa waba ngathi kungona angevayo, engenwe nayitshiki engummangaliso. Intlalo phakathi kukaMsindisi noThantaswa kweli nqanaba iyabonakala ukuba ayinakuba sabuyela esiqhelweni sayo, kuba inabaququzeleli abayichitha macala. Akubanga ntsuku zingaphi, sadubula isiciko emtshakazini kwiphepha (p. 48) xa athi: “Kungcono uMsindisi singamfumani sobabini nalo mntu aceba ukumthatha. Kwaye ukuba iintambo zingabanjwa ndim ngoku kula mashishini ndingatsho nam ndifane naba bafazi badla ibhotolo. Ndingumfazi wephepha kwaYangaphi. Asikwazi singabafundi ukungothuki ngala mazwi kaThantaswa, kuba anuka igazi likaMsindisi ongenatyala. Kugqabhuka ithumba ekudala libolile ngaphakathi kuThantaswa. Laa mpixano ibisemphefumlweni nasengqondweni yakhe ngoku umbhali uyidandalazisa ngaphandle. Sivelana kakhulu noMsindisi kuba kuthe kanti ugcine irhamba lezixhobo endlwini, nelilindele imini yalo, emva koko limxhole athi gilili phantsi, sikhona singekho esi sithembu acinga ngokusithatha. Umbhali akayekanga naye ukubemisa ngeenyawo abafundi (p.66) xa le mpixano amana ukuyithi sweswe ngezichumiso sokuyikhulisa:’ “Uza kuphuma ngayiphi indlela?” Wabuza encumile uThantaswa. 28

Umfundi ungangas’ke amvale umlomo uMsindisi, kuba impendulo aza kuyinika ingamsa ngqo kwantshabalalo. Ngaloo mzuzu intombi yasemzini sele isithabathe kudala isigqibo ngaye – ufuneka engumhlaba emhlabeni, uthuthu eluthuthwini, emva koko kungabuye kuthethwe nto ngaye, iincwadi zakhe emhlabeni zivalwe ngonaphakade amen. Ngokungathi uwevile laa mazwi kaThantaswa akwiphepha (p.48) apha ngasentla, uMsindisi kwiphepha (p. 66) kungona awuvulayo umlomo emfazini wakhe ngento edibene nesithembu: “Hlumisa, sithandwa sam, ukubuya kwam eThekwini ndicela sikhe sibonisane ngomnye umcimbi,” watsho uMsindisi ethethela engquleni. “Ngumcimbi onjani lowo?” wabuza ebothuka uThantaswa. “Ngumcimbi wesithembu. Ndicinga ukuthatha umfazi wesibini…” “Isithembu! Sisithembu santoni eso?” wabuza okomntu owothukileyo uThantaswa, emva koko wajenga ebusweni ngoko nangoko. Bubuchule bombhali ukuthi into abefanele ukuba uyenze kuqala uMsindisi ayibeke emva sekonakele. Loo nto iziqaqambisa ngakumbi iingcinga nezenzo zokungcola zikaThantaswa kuba efuna ukuzuza ngokufa kukaMsindisi. Akasenalo ngoku elo xesha lokusombulula ingxaki yakhe yomntwana. Loo nto kuye seyishiywe lixesha kakhulu, uMsindisi umfuna egraywe yimihlathi yengcwaba kuphele kuthi nyaa ngaye phezu kwegada lomhlaba. Ukuba umfundi ucinga ukuba uThantaswa ngowayizolo makeme kancinci, acinge. Ukuthanda kwakhe imali ngokugqithisileyo kumenze akabazele nto ubomi bomnye umntu. Khawumve kwiphepha (p.18) xa axelela uMfuneko ngeyelenqe labo: “Mfuneko, abafana bawuqhube ngempumelelo umsebenzi ebesibasingathise wona. Bamgwintile uMsindisi, umzimba wakhe bawushiya emotweni yakhe kufutshane neliya hlathi laseBika. Sebenza njengepolisa elive umkhondo ke ngoku, sithandwa sam.” Wathi akugqiba ukutsho uThantaswa, wazilahlela phezu kwebhedi, unomyayi wakhe usesendlebeni, walila kabuhlungu. La mazwi akhombisa ukuba uThantaswa ugqibe ekubeni ayiqhawule ngale ndlela imbambano ebiphakathi kwakhe noMsindisi. Uyayibona ke ngoku laa mpixano ebiphakathi kwabalinganiswa amabini ukuba ifikelele njani na esiphelweni? Umbuzo omawuzibuze wona mfundi ngowokuba ngonjani lo msebenzi uza kwenziwa nguMfuneko akugqiba ukubulala? Njengesiqhelo xa kugwintwe umntu kubakho abecuphi abaza kuphanda ngomenzi wobubi. Ngelishwa eli tyala linikwa utshaba lukaMfuneko, uMfezeko. Le nto iyamshukumisa kancinci uMfuneko, kuba ebethandazela ukuba liphandwe nguye. 29

Ukugetyengwa kukaYangaphi kwenza ukuba ibali lihambe ngesantya esiphezulu, kwaye sibona nomlinganiswa oyintloko edudulela ecaleni yonke into eza kuba ngumqobo endleleni yakhe yobutyebi kuba kakade nenkawu idliw’ilila. Phaya kwinqanaba lentshayelelo, sibona amapolisa amabini, uMfuneko noMapheza, bethembisana ngokuqhekezana iintloko ngompu ngenxa yebhinqa. Ubutshaba phakathi kwabo babusele budlulele entla kwamadolo, ade athi umbhali xa athetha ngabo, “babeyinyoka nesele.” Olu hlakulelo lwenza ukuba sihlale siqwalasele, kwaye silindele nokubona udulubhentsu weenkunzi ezimbini eziza kududulana ilanga lonke njengokuba ibali lona libheka phambili nje. Njengokuba uThantaswa wayecinga ukuba izinto ziya kumhambela kakuhle nangokulula okwelindle limka namanzi, abe sisicocombela senenekazi elidla ukubila kwebunzi lomyeni walo, kodwa ngathi ungcungcutheka ngaphezu kwangokuya ebehleli noMsindisi. Umthetho wona unomthetho ongqalileyo nocacileyo ngakwizaphuli-mthetho. Ngoke ke, thina bafundi siza kudla efileyo phakathi kwakhe nomthetho. Kuhle kwacaca kwasekuqaleni ukuba uMfuneko uza kuyinyus’ unondyola le yakwaMfezeko kolu phando lwayo. Njengomxhasi kaThantaswa, uzibona engenakulinda ecaleni kwendlu kusonakala ngaphakathi. Uzifaka zitshone kwangoko izandla zakhe. Kwangobo busuku kwadluliselwa ngabo umzimba kaMsindisi emkhenkceni, ufowunele uThantaswa emxelela ukuba sebeqoshelise yonke into. Uphinde wamlumkisa ukuba uza kufikelwa ngabecuphi kwakwezo ntsuku. Kwakhona, xa amanye amapolisa azama ukuxhobisa uMfezeko ngamava awo kuphando aza kulwenza uMapheza, yena uMfuneko uwabhekisa eNdenxa. Mve kwiphepha (p.75-76) xa athi: “Ewe liqhelekile lona kuba amatyeli amaninzi kukusuka kusukelwe umfazi kasomashishini lowo ugwintiweyo,” ungenelele ngelo yena uMfuneko. “Unyanisile Mnenga kuba enyanisweni ubukrelemnqa bugabadele ngoku. Kodwa into endimangazayo kukuba imoto yona ishiyelwe ntoni. Into ethetha ukuthi yimigewu ethengelwe ukugwinta uYangaphi nokuba ngubani,” watsho ezulazula uMapheza. Ngokwasemanqindini besiya kuthi isengumjikelo wokuqala lo kula mapolisa, nalapho iimbethi- manqindi zisavana nje amandla phambi kokuba zilahlele ngeembokotho zezithonga eziza kuthumela indoda egadeni. Lo Mapheza uthetha ngolu hlobo akayazi yena ngaloo mzuzu ukuba usezincwadini zikaThantaswa. Umfuna esemkhenkceni kwayena lowo ngokukhawuleza okudibene nokungxama. Amazwi kaThantaswa athi uMapheza makafe naye ayawukhulisa umoya wempixano ebalini. Umfundi akakwazi kuzibamba ngumothuko, xa athi engekamngcwabi nomyeni wakhe ambuleleyo, kodwa abe sel’efuna ukukhupha umphefumlo womnye umntu. Sitsho sibuqonde ke ngoku ubunzulu balaa mazwi kaThantaswa athi, 30

“Sebenza njengepolisa elive umkhondo ke ngoku, sithandwa sam,” ukuba atsho ukuthini na. Into esimangazayo kukuphendulelwa oku kwawo, kuba ipolisa elive umkhondo liyawulandela ukuze libambe umrhanelwa. Kuthe kanti kuThantaswa noMnenga kuthetha ukuwucima loo mkhondo. Phofu ke izikrelemnqa kakade zisoloko zithetha ulwimi oluviwa zizo zodwa. Amazwi asisilumkiso kaBhadula aya kuMfezeko, nalapho amlukisa ngengozi yokugwintwa kwamapolisa enza uphando asibangela ixhala. Ahlola ntoni? Akapheli mandla uMfuneko, uthi akuzibona ukuba akanandlela ingqalileyo yakungena kweli tyala, usebenzisa sikrweqe simbi ekulweni uMapheza. Udlisa uNqoza ityhefu yokuba wampintshwa nguMapheza kwiziphathamandla kwiphepha (p.80). Okokuqala, kumava umfundi anawo ngozenge-zenge wongquzulwano lobuhlanga kweli lizwe, ukubiza nje igama elithi ‘mpimpi’ emntwini kunyusa izibilini. Okwesibini, abo babizwa ngeempimpi ubomi babo busemngciphekweni. Abanye abantu abazange baba ziimpimpi, koko bangcatshwa ngabantu ababequma amanyundululu abo njengale nto yenziwa nguMnenga kuNqoza. Khawumamele ubuqotha-qikili bukaMfuneko kwiphepha (p.81) xa adlisa inkubabulongwe yakhe ubulongwe behagu: “Lo mfo uyasilwa, ngoko ke, nathi kufuneka simlwe nganxa zonke. Ukuba akakufuni ukusebenza nathi kungcono athathe i-transfer aye kuluma kwenye indawo. Into yobumpimpi ayizange yaxoleleka nakowuphi na umsebenzi,” watsho ebetha ngenqindi etafileni uMfuneko. “Uyabona ke, kufuneka nathi sirhubuluze phantsi kwakhe okwenkwili. Ulula maan uMapheza. Masingamngxameli ngowethu,” watsho uNqoza esithi xum encokweni, emamela. “Inyoka ke yagwetywa kwasemyezweni wase-Eden. Nathi ke kufuneka siyityumze intloko,” watsho uMfuneko. Njengoko uThantaswa sele elikhuphe latsola ukuthi ufuna ukuba naye uMfezeko aye kubona ooyisemkhulu kwelemimoya, nala mazwi ala mapolisa abonakalisa ngokumhlophe ukuba loo nto iza kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza. UMnenga uthi inyoka baza kuyityumza intloko kuba yagwetywa ngolo hlobo nanguThixo wayo kakade. UNqoza uza kuba yinkwili ehamba phantsi kweenyawo zikaMapheza ukuqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi wakhe awuphumeleli. Emva koko uza kuya kunika ingxelo kuMnenga, yena ayidlulisele kuThantaswa osebenzela ekhusini. Uza kuthatha nje ngokufunza ngalo makhwapheni wakhe ezingqengqele ekhaya. UMapheza uqala uphando lwakhe engenalo nofifi lokuba usebenza nomngcatshi kantamnani. Yathi le inguThantaswa yakuxelelwa ngokusweleka komyeni wayo nguMapheza, yakhupha amazwi angawaziyo ukuba anobungozi kwalapha kuye. Jonga umsebenzi kaNqoza kwango mhla wokuqala besenza uphando. Wavala nangedolo eli ukuze uMapheza angafikeleli 31

kuThantaswa xa wayembuza ngalawaa mazwi wayesithi uyabazi abantu ababulele umyeni wakhe (p.102). Umba wexesha kwingxoxo phakathi koThantaswa noMapheza, kwelinye icala phakathi koMapheza noMonde, udala unxunguphalo (p.112). UNqoza uyigalela amanzi yonke loo nto ngelithi azinqakuli kakuhle kutata kaMsindisi (p.114). Ukubhenela kukaMfuneko emaxhweleni kuyawuvunguzelisa umoya wongquzulwano kweli bali. Kwakhona, usebenzisa kwale nkubabulongwe yakhe ukuba idlise uMfezeko ityhefu emngcwabeni welinye ipolisa, uHlomlani Tyhalithemba. Umfundi ubamba amazinyo xa abona ukuzixakekisa kukaNqoza noMfuneko, ngeli xa yena uMfezeko ethe tii ingqondo ziintombi ezinxibe izigqebhezana. Uthi esabambelele entloko kukothuka umfundi, ethandazela ukuba uMfezeko angayiseli iglasi yakhe, suka ayise ngonina qongqololo. Ngeliqinisekileyo ukuba umalingatshoni amfumene exhweleni lakhe uza kukhawulezisa uyiqhawule le mbambano, uMfuneko ngobo busuku wafowunela kwaMapheza ehlekisa ngonyana wakhona oswelekileyo esibhedlele (p.134). “Kungcono ube umthengela ibhokisi kuba kungekudala uza kube edluliselwa emkhenkceni.” Njengoko babengqengqe bhedini nye noThantaswa bebhiyozela ukufa kukaMapheza okwakungekaqinisekiswa, suka beva iindaba ezibuhlungwana ke noko ngoZintle, isithandwa sikaMfuneko, esithi uMfezeko Mapheza ukwimeko encomekayo phaya esibhedlele (p.136). Yajala ngoko nangoko ipudini! Kusuku olulandelayo uMfuneko nanko esiya kubikela uSiphongo ukuba iqwili lakhe alisebenzanga. Akaphelelanga apho ukulwa uMfezeko, kwavukwa ngabusukwana buthile kwaMapheza buphuthuphuthu, uMfuneko nabafana bakhe beye kufuna umpu kaMfezeko ababeceba ukumbulala ngawo (p.140). UMfuneko umlwa nangengqondo uMapheza. Ukulobela ngaphandle emqolombeni utshaba bubugcisa bamapolisa asebenza phantsi kwecandelo lezobuntlola. Sibona uNqoza ebusebenzisa apha xa aya kuba uMapheza esibhedlele ukuze uSiphongo amvuthele ngovutha wakhe. Sithi besinethemba lokuba bangaphuma abantu bacime xa uMfezeko esitsha nomkhukhu, kodwa siphinde sinyukelwe zizibilini xa uSiphongo (p.147) athi: “Umlilo kavutha awucimeki, mfo kaMnenga. Okungona ulinga ukuwucima, kokungona uwucaphukisayo okomlilo we-oli uwucima ngamanzi. Ngaphaya koko bangalimala nabo balinga ukwenza oko, bazibone sebebizeleka phakathi emlilweni okwaboni bebizelwa sisihogo sikasathana.” 32

Asikwazi kungothuki xa uNyangelethu anobugqi obungaka. Angaligweba ngovutha neli hlabathi ethanda. Sitsho simvele ngakumbi uMfezeko ngokungathi sesiweva amadangatye omlilo esitsho kuye efeleni. Umbhali uyalivuthela ixhala kuthi xa asinika inkcukacha ngezinto ezingaphakathi etyotyombeni likaSiphongo kwiphepha (p.150): Wafika kweliya nqugulwana kukho ukhuko kunye nemirhajana emibini eyacuyacu. Kwakulwilwiza ikhandlela elalixhonywe phezu kwenkonkxa endala phaya entla. Wachopha esitulweni esasihlala apho engazazi yena ukuba unyathele ukufa kodwa, uvutha kaSiphongo eza kumvuthelela kooyisemkhulu ngobo busuku. Sithi sisabambe olo valo, asibonise ixhwele lodumo liletsheza lisenza elidume ngazo ekuzeni kusa. Selitshintshe nengqondo ngoku, mhlawumbi limbonile uvutha ukuba akazi kukhawulezisa kunepetroli, uSiphongo uyawulayita umkhukhu emva kokuwugalela ngepetroli. Nathi, njengoNontsikelelo, asikwazi kuzibamba iinyembezi xa umbhali esinika umfanekiso- ntekelelo wendlebe xa asixelela ngesikhalo esiphuma kweliya tyotyombe linqunquza amadangatye akhohlakeleyo (p.152): USiphongo naye wasiva eso sililo sasisitsho kalusizi ngathi siphuma entlango kaSathana. Le mpixano ngoku ifikelele kwizinga eliphezulu kakhulu. Inyathelo nenyathelo abalithathayo uThantaswa noMnenga lishiya izigede endleleni yabo. Sithi sisagxwalela ukufa kukaMapheza, umbhali awuthomalalise umoya wethu, asesule iinyembezi simangalisekile sinjalo kwiphepha (p.156): “UMfezek’ uyaphila!” Ewe, nathi sothuke njengoMnenga kukuthi umntu ebesikholelwa ukuba utshe waluthuthu, kodwa kuthiwe nanku engqengqe ebhedini. Sithi sisamangele ukuba loo nto yenzeke njani na, akangebi ngoku umbhali ufuna ukusingenisa ezintsomini zezithunzela neziporho, suka uKula abuye axabele ngesixhobo asisebenzisa ngempumelelo ezincwadini zakhe esilubuyo- mva (flash-back), esibonisa ukusinda kukaMapheza emlilweni. Sibona apha kusifa unyana kaSiphongo, uSakhiwo, ebulawa nguyise qobo lwakhe, itsho loo nto isikhumbuze elabadala elithi, intaka ibethwa netyholo. Empini kakade kufa nabangenatyala. Umaf’evuka, uMfezeko, nakweli ityeli uyasinda. Izinto emva koku ziba nguqulukubhode kubabulali, bafana neentlanzi ezitshelwe zizicheku. Umthetho usami ngeenyawo. Xa umbhali 33

akubonisa ukwetha komoya wempixano kule nzwakazi yasemaCirheni ngezo ntsuku, kwakwiphepha (p.173) uthi: Kwezo ntsuku intombi kaNtlontlo yayinamaxesha okuzivalela yodwa endlwini ilanga lonke. Ngoku uThantaswa uyinyoka ekhutshwe amazinyo. Ukuzivalela kwakhe endlwini kuxela ukuba woyika namehlo abantu, nathi akubajonga mhlawumbi bange bayamnyonyozela, bahleka baqikileke. Isikhuni sibuya nomkhwezeli ngokwenene. Ekugqibeleni uThantaswa ukhetha ukuzibulala xa into abeyilwela angayifumaniyo. Ngokungathi akwanelanga ngokuyisombulula ngale ndlela imbambano kaThantaswa nabomthetho, umbhali usondeza kufutshane uMfuneko, nobesele eyimbabala yolwantunge, ecezela kude ngoku kuye ngokungathi unesifo sabantw’abahle, ukuze afe ebambene nesithandwa sakhe. Ebubini nasebumnandini, bafunga bona ukuba abasayi kwahlulwa nakukufa, amen! 3.9 ABALINGANISWA Iindidi zabalinganiswa Osicaba vs ongqukuva Oguqukayo vs ongaguqukiyo Uyintloko Umchasi Igorha vs olitshijolo abanye abalinganiswa Indlela zokubunjwa kwabalinganiswa Ubuntu Inkcazo yomzimba Igama lomcaluli Isimilo Ingxoxo Ingcinga Indlela oziphethe ngayo kwabanye Isenzeko Isimo sovakalelo Abalinganiswa nokubunjwa kwabo Abalinganiswa ngabantu apha ebalini athi umbhali abazobe okanye ababumbe ukuze babe neendima abazidlalayo. Ngabo athi aqhube ngabo ibali kuba iziganeko zehlela bona. Abalinganiswa ke bohlulwe baziindidi nezahlulwa ngeendima zabo nangokwezimilo zabo. 34

3.9.1 Umlinganiswa oyintloko (protagonist) • Ngulo mlinganiswa ungqongwe ziziganeko ukusuka ekuqaleni kwebali lide liye kuphela. Maxa wambi iye ibe ngulowo ungumsunguli wezinto. • Angayindoda okanye ibhinqa. • Wenziwa athandeke, akholeleke- umela injongo ethile okanye okulungileyo. • Ibali livela ngaye – nguye owenza izinto zishukume. • Iziganeko zehla ngenxa yakhe /zingqonge yena/ zithandeleke kuye nokuba akakho isiganeko singaye. • Ngulo ubangela ukuba ibali liqhubekeke. • Unqwenela into, kubekho imiqobo ebangela ukuba iphumelele luzizi/ ingaphumeleli. • Uba nenjongo afuna ukuyifezekisa. • Wenza iinzame zokufumana le nto ayifunayo. • Kubakho imiqobo esendleleni yakhe yokufumana akufunayo. • Uxolele ukujinga iliso, kungade kube kho indyikityha yokufa kwabantu abangenasono ngenxa yakhe. • Unento ayixabisileyo ebaluleke kakhulu ebomini bakhe. • Uxolela ukufa aphumelele/ uyafa/ ohlwaywe ngesenzo sakhe. 3.9.2 Umlinganiswa ongumchasi (antagonist) • Lo ngulo mlinganiswa uchasana nomlinganiswa oyintloko. • Unokuchasana naye ngezimvo okanye ngezenzo. • Ngumlinganiswa ongumqobo kwiinjongo zoyintloko. • Ulandela umlinganiswa oyintloko ngokuxakeka. • Nguye ophazamisekayo kwinyathelo elithatyathwa ngoyintloko. • Uhlalele ukusokolisa lo uyintloko / usoloko echasene / ephikisana nomlinganiswa oyintloko. • Amandla akhe athanda ukulingana nala walo uyintloko, uneempawu ezifanayo nezomlinganiswa oyintloko ukuze avelise okanye akhule / kukhule / kutyhileke oyintloko. • Ulenza ibali lisoloko lihambela phambili ngokuba abe ngumqobo endleleni yomlinganiswa oyintloko yokufumana oko akufunayo / akulwelayo. • Amaxesha amaninzi abalwi ngazigalo aba balinganiswa babini koko balwa ngeenjongo, ngeentetha nangeminqweno. 35

3.9.3 Umlinganiswa osicaba (flat character) • Lo mlinganiswa unesimo esinye akajiki. • Ubonakalisa icala elinye lide liye kuphela ibali. • Umlinganiswa osicaba akatshintshi uxolela ukuba zilime ziye etyeni kunokuba atshintshwe ziimeko. • Usetyenziselwa ukumela into ethile. • Iincwadi ezininzi zithi ngokugqala ukufundisa zisebenzise olu hlobo lwabalinganiswa. 3.9.4 Umlinganswa ongqukuva (round character) • Lo mlinganiswa ngulo sinokuthi ngumntu-gqibi. • Uyajikajika kanye okomntu kubomi benene. • Umlinganiswa ongqukuva uyatshintshwa ziimeko akafani. • Uzotywe kwavela icala elibi nelihle kwisimo sakhe. 3.9.5 Umlinganiswa onguvalithuba • Ngumlinganiswa othi gqi eze kwenza oko kuthile aphinde anyamalale. • Udla ngokuba sicaba kuba unophawu oluthile olunye alusebenzisayo umzekelo ukuba unolwimi uba njalo ke. Khawucinge ngendima edlalwa ngaba balinganiswa: 3.9.6 Umlinganiswa ongummeli-ntlobo. • Lo umlinganiswa umele uhlobo oluthile, umzekelo ipolisa limele umthetho. Umlinganiswa Uhlobo lomlinganiswa Thantaswa Oyintloko. Msindisi Umchasi. Thantaswa/ uMapheza Osicaba. Siziwe noNozizwe Oovalithuba. Msindisi Ongqukuva-UMsindisi utshintshile kuthando lwakhe akubona iziphene nobutshijolo bukaThantaswa. 36

Mfuneko Somathuba: Uyamfamekisa, ukwalixoki. 3.9.7 Ukuzotywa kwabalinganiswa Umbhali kulo mba uza kwenza nje umqhoqhozwana omfutshane, ethabatha usingaye ngokwakhe. Iingcali zoncwadi ziyasixelela ukuba: • Umbhali usenokubatyhila ngqo ngokwakhe abalinganiswa bakhe; • Umlinganiswa usengazibonakalisa into ayiyo ngezimbo nangentetho yakhe; • Isimilo somlinganiswa sisenokuphuhliswa nangabanye abalinganiswa. Ngezantsi apha siza kuthi senze amabal’ engwe ngezi ngongoma sesizixelile ngasentl’apha sisebenzisa uThantaswa. 3.9.8 ndlela zokuzotywa kwabalinganiswa 3.9.8.1 Indlela engqalileyo/ uzobo ngqo • Apha sixelelwa phandle ukuba umlinganiswa uluhlobo luni na. [ Umzekelo ‘ umbhali usenokusebenzisa amagama afana; esi sikrelemnqa / Eli xhego njalo njalo’] • Umbhali unokuyenza ngokwakhe le nto, kungenjalo ijelo lakhe lokwenza le nto libe ngomnye kubalinganiswa bakhe. [ Umzekelo … lezi zikrelemnqa, Eli xhego…] • Kusenganikwa iinkcukacha zomlinganiswa umzekelo; igama lakhe, inkcazelo ngobude bomzimba/ isinxibo sakhe/ ubudala bakhe Jonga kule noveli (p20 kunye p43) indlela umbhali amchaza ngayo uThantaswa xa achaza ubuhle bakhe nokumila okanye ukufaneleka kwakhe. Umbhali apha usinika umfanekiso ogcweleyo ngomlinganiwa wakhe oyintloko. Ezi nkcukacha zenza ukuba umfundi ambone ngeliso lengqondo uThantaswa, uthi xa esichazela ngoThantaswa umfundi naye azithandele kweli nenekazi limanz’andonga kungako sisithi umthyile ngendlela ethe ngqo. 37

3.9.8.2 Indlela engangqalanga/ uzobo mayana • Njengoko igama lizichaza, le yindlela engangqalanga ayisebenzisayo umbalisi abenza baziveze ngayo abalinganiswa. • Thina ke bafundi bebali sisebenzisa iingqondo zethu ukuhlumisa oku kudluliswa ngumbhali ngeendlela ezimayana. • Njengokubaxoxisa/ ukubenza bangene kwiingxoxo ngomba othile. • Unako ukusikrobisa kwiingcingane zabo okanye iimvakalelo zabo. • Unako ukusikrobisa kwizinto ezithethwa ngabanye ngaye/ okanye indlela izenzo zakhe ezibonwa ngayo ngabanye. • Umbhali unokungangqali ukubayila kwakhe abalinganiswa. • Ubenza bazipele/bazibonakalise ngokwabo izimo zabo ngezenzo, ngeentetho. • Ngamagama abathiya wona- njalo njalo. Yiva intetho kaThantaswa kwiphepha (p 48) xa encokola noMfuneko malunga nokuzeka kukaMsindisi isithembu kuba yena efumanise ukuba akasayi kuphinda afumane bantwana.” kungcono uMsindisi singamfumani sobabini nalo mntu aceba ukumthatha” Iingcinga zakhe zezokubulala kanti nakwiphepha (p45) ukwathetha ngokubulala. Ezi ntetho zimveza njengomntu enentliziyo embi/emdaka, yonke lentetho ibonisa inkohlakalo. Ubungelosi abubo ngokwasesinxibeni buyakhabana nentliziyo yakhe. Ubuhle bekhiwane ziimpethu ungqina loo ntetho Abahlobo bakaThantaswa bayamhleba bathi ubengxamele ukutyeba msinyane. Jonga kwiphepha (p189) xa kuncokola uNomthandazo noNomathamsanqa emva komgcwabo kaMsindisi. Yiva amapolisa xa athetha ngoThantaswa kwiphepha (p189). Akukho mntu umvelayo ngenxa yezenzo zakhe, abantu bambona njengesigebenga ebesifuna ukuzityebisa ngemali yomyeni wakhe. “Sakutsho siphumle” batsho abantu ekuhlaleni. Imizekelo yabalinganiswa abaphambili kule Noveli 38

UThantaswa: Apha siza kujonga indlela umbhali amchaza ngayo uThantaswa mhla wayevela kukroba iziphumo zezifundo zakhe eyunivesithi. Khangela ezantsi kwiphepha (p.20-21): Yayimilile intombi yasemaCirheni, inesiqwana nje esimnandana okwembaleki. Yayikhanya ngebala, inonwele oluhla ngezidlele ezitumtumana. Umlomo wawumnyama okowomntu obesitya iziphingo. Intamo ende yayihonjiswe ngomcwana omnye wobucwebe begolide. Yayinxibe ezimhlophe ngathi ngumtshakazi ecanda inkundla. Umqolo lo wayo wonke wawubethwa ngumoya ngaphandle kuloo lokhwe yayinamasondo ajinga ngobuchule obukhulu ngathi ibisikelwe umdaniso. Yayichophise kuhle ngezihlangu zayo, ithi ukuhamba oku isinqe siye ngapha nangapha okwesikanomyayi ehamba endimeni. Yayizigqume amehlo ngeendondo ezimnyama. Umbhali ngasentla apha uzidlela itheko yedwa. Akafuni ukuba umfundi aziqhekeze intloko ezicingela ukuba uThantaswa lo ukhangeleka njani na. Ingaba yintoni le umbhali afuna ukuyibethelela kubafundi ngezi nkcukacha zingaka ngobuhle nomfaneleko kaThantaswa? Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, kukunika umfundi into egcweleyo ngomlinganiswa wabo oyintloko, nokuthi obu buhle bukaThantaswa bubo kanye obabumtsalela amanzi ngomsele emadodeni. Wayengathini ke yena uMsindisi, umfo onako konke okufunwayo ngamanenekazi anjengoThantaswa ukungathabatheki? Kwakhona kwiphepha (p.43) ekuqaleni, umbhali usinambithisa ubuhle nenkangeleko kaThantaswa mhla wayephuma ejimini: Wayenyanisile uMfuneko xa athi uThantaswa ulinenekazi. Uluthi lwakhe olwaluphethwe ngomthambo lwalubukeka okwelethokazana lehashe eliqala ukuhluba. Wayeqhawuke kubini apha emzimbeni, isinqe esi sihamba sodwa. Wayehamba dlamkileyo ngalo lonke ixesha, umzimba wakhe umvumela. Ezi nkcukacha zenza ukuba wena mfundi umbone ngeliso lengqondo uThantaswa. Kwaye wenziwa ungabuthandabuzi ubunenekazi bakhe – ungumntu wefashoni. Umfundi utsho azithandele naye kweli nenekazi limanz’ andonga xa nombhali ethabatheke ngolu hlobo. Into asichazele yona umbhali bubungelosi bukaThantaswa ngesinxibo. Okusentliziyweni yakhe asikakwazi kwesi sigaba sebali. 39

Injani into ephuma ngomlomo kaThantaswa? Mve kwiphepha (p.48) xa ancokola nomakhwapheni wakhe malunga nokufunyaniswa engakufanele ukuphinda amithe: “Kungcono uMsindisi singamfumani sobabini nalo mntu aceba ukumthatha. Kwaye ukuba iintambo zingabanjwa ndim ngoku kula mashishini ndingatsho nam ndifane naba bafazi badla ibhotolo. Ndingumfazi wephepha kwaYangaphi,” watsho uThantaswa engavelisanga lusini, ebonakala ukuba usezingcingeni ezinzulu. Nakwiphepha (p.95) ukwathetha ngokubulala umntu. Zombini ezi ntetho zimhluba uThantaswa njengomntu onentliziyo engcolileyo. Into angxamele kuyo yena kukutyibilika ebhotolweni aye kuthi ngqi ngesonka. Itikiti lokukhwela itreyini enomhluzi oshushu ehamba ooSisi Mpumi, ngabula yena, liphepha elibonisa umhla, inyanga kunye nonyaka wokubhubha kukaMsindisi, emva koko yena abe sisiqumama somhlolokazi okhahlelwa nangamadoda. Yonke loo nto ithetha inkohlakalo. Ubungelosi abubo ngokwasesinxibeni buyakhabana nengaphakathi lakhe, apho intliziyo yakhe idada kwinqimbi-nqimbi yamanzi ehoko yehagu. Uyingelosi efakelwe intliziyo kamtyholi. Bathini ootshomi nabanye abalinganiswa ngoThantaswa? Bayamhleba, bathi ebengxamele ukutyeba msinyane. Yiva uNomthandazo xa ancokola noNomathamsanqa kwiphepha (p.189) emva komngcwabo kaMsindisi: “Ubutyeb’ abuleqwa, Thami. Wakwenjenjalo uzigrumbela izigodi….” Umntu ozigrumbela izigodi ikwangumntu ongakwaziyo ukusebenzisa ingqondo ngendlela efanelekileyo. Ngamanye amazwi ingqondo kaThantaswa yayisekuzityebiseni ngobutshijolo kuphela, etyhaphake amehlo omabini ekubeni angazigqali iziphumo zezenzo zakhe. Umntu onjalo ke unyoluke wada wasisihiba, utsho uNomthandazo. Athini wona amapolisa ngoThantaswa (p.169)? “Sisigebengakazi somfazi esiya sikaYangaphi esifanelwe kukuya kuvalelwa sodwa kwesimnyama isisele,” watsho uGqazana. “Ufanelwe sisihogo samanz’abilayo!” wagqibezela ngelo uBhadula. Ngenxa yesenzo sakhe, uThantaswa uzifakele ityheneba nakwabanye abantu. Akukho mntu usivela ubuhlungu isigebenga asiso. 40

Izenzo zikaThantaswa zibonisa ntoni ngaye? Izenzo zomlingainswa ziyakwazi ukumxela into ayiyo. Kwiphepha (p.62) xa umyeni wakhe aza kuthatha uhambo oluya eThekwini ngobo busuku, wenza ngathi umkhumbula kakhulu de aye kuzinyhala kuye ezingubeni, kanti ngalo lonke elo xesha uthi lala gusha ndikuchebe. Yiva ukubetha kwentliziyo kamtyholi enxityiswe lo mtshakazana: “Khawutsho ke, sithandwa sam, la mashishini ethu ingakanani ingeniso ayenzayo ngonyaka?” Kukuhanahanisa okuphume izandla oku. Kaloku ngokomlomo wakhe uThantaswa kwiphepha (p.49), uxelela umakhwapheni wakhe ukuba akasamfuni uMsindisi xa athi, “ukumthanda kona andisamthandi.” Umntu athi, sithandwa sam, kuye nguMfuneko. Umbhali uthi wayeyiphulula kamnandi iziphika ezi le ndoda ngoku abuza laa mbuzo wobugqwirha. Ufuna ukuyizoboza ukuze ibhude yonke into ngexeshana elifutshane ngamashishini athi ngawo ufuna ukuzixhuzulela ngokwakhe iintambo kuwo. Umntu owayengakroba ngefestile wayengafunga amunce iintupha athi akazange wababona abantu abathandana njengeso sibini. Uyavuya wena wakha weva ngebali likaDelila waseziBhalweni eziNgcwele! Ukuhanahanisa le ntokazi ikusebenzisa nakuThixo. Yive xa ithandazela umyeni wayo phambi kokuba aphume kwiphepha (p.65): “Siyazi, Bawo, ukuba ocela into kuwe akuzange wamdanisa. Bubumenemene obu. Xa avula ngolu hlobo sele sisazi thina bafundi ukuba uzicelela yena. Uthandazela ooSixaki ukuba bawuqhube kakuhle umsebenzi abanike wona kulaa ndawo abafihle kuyo. Aqhube ngomthandazo wakhe: “Yiba ngumkhuseli, iinyawo kunye namehlo kuMsindisi ngalo lonke ixesha. Umsindise ezihangeni ezisoloko zimi ezikoneni zigushe imipu phantsi kweedyasi…” Umntu ohanahanisayo akaziva naxa abhudayo kakade. UThantaswa uthandaza eziphikisa. Ucela uThixo ukuba akhusele uMsindisi ezihangeni ezixhobe ngemipu, nezibekwe kwanguye ezikoneni. Ukwacinga ukuba ukhohlisa noNozizwe ukuze angamcingeli njengomthakathi ukuba uMsindisi uhlaselwe zizikrelemnqa endleleni yakhe. Ukuze uqonde ukuba uThantaswa udlala abantu iingqondo, akawathandi amazwi omyolelo kaMsindisi, kuba ubona ngathi uMsindisi noNozizwe babuvile obu buvuvu bukulo mthandazo wakhe unganyanisekanga (p. 65): 41

“Ndiyabulela ngayo yonke into osenzele yona Nozizwe. Andiqondi ukuba ndiya kuze ndibe nalo elinye ithuba lokukubulela. INkosi ikugcine, siya kuphinda sibonane ukuba uThixo uthandile. UMsindisi: Naye lo ngumlinganiswa ophambili. Nguye isizekabani sokuba kubekho olu kruthwakruthwano lungaka. Umele onke amadoda athi athabatheke bubuhle babantu ababhinqileyo kuba naku ezimanya ngeqhina lomtshato noThantaswa ngokukhawuleza engekamfundi ukuba ngumntu onjani. Yena eyona nto imtsalileyo bubuhle bakhe kuphela. Ungala madoda athi xa enemali enze nje. Akanawo umqwalasela kuba sithi simbone engayiboni inkosikazi yakhe ukuba inenye indoda encuma nayo. Ude akrotyiselwe ngumninawa wakhe kuba esithi akayithembanga inkosikazi yakhe. Le nto isifundisa ukuba xa utshata umntu kufuneka umazi kwaye uzazi nezimbo zakhe. Kwelinye icala akanyanisekanga kwinkosikazi yakhe kuba naku engayixeleli ngomntwana wakhe uPhumlani. Sihle sibone ukuba akamthembanga uThantaswa nokuba angawuqhawula na loo mtshato wabo xa enokumxelela. Akakwazi ngenene ukuzigqibela izinto uthi akuva ukuba inkosikazi yakhe ayisayi kuphinde ikwazi ukuthwala umntwana emva kokwanakalelwa sisisu, ucetyiswa ngumninawa wakhe ukuba athathe isithembu ukuze ungafi umzi lowo wakhe, kuba kaloku uthi umzi ukuze ume umfazi azale kwaye naye ubanesidima phakathi kwekhaya. Uyafa ebulawelwa imali yakhe. Sithi sibone ukuba kukho abantu abanyolukele izinto zabantu. Lixhwane elilixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho. Ufela imali yakhe, kuba uThantaswa ufuna ukuzibona engomnye wabasetyhini abahlonitshwayo kwezoshishino. Ukufa kukaMsindisi ebalini kusebenza njengesilumkiso nesifundo kubantu abaphilayo. Umzimba wakhe ulixhwayelo lokufundisa uluntu ngeziqhamo ezibi zolwaphulo-mthetho. Ubomi bukaMsindisi benziwe babufutshane ngenjongo ngumbhali. Uyimvu yedini lokusindisa abaninzi abaphila ubomi bentshontsho imihla nezolo. Ukuphalala kwegazi lakhe kuveze amanyundululu ebesenziwa ngabantu befihlakale. Ukufa kwakhwe kukhusele abantu abaninzi. Akakhange akwazi ukuzikhusela. UMfuneko: Lo ngumxhasi kaThantaswa. Nguyise kaAndisiwe nongumntwana kaThantaswa. UMfuneko ungcolile. Ligqelema elihamba ngekona ngobusuku esithela ngomthetho. Sihle sibone ukuba umele amapolisa enza izinto zolwaphulo mthetho ngoku kanye uluntu luthembele kuwo. Le nto ayenzayo yenza kungabilula ukwenza uphando kuba ukhona ngalo lonke ixesha xa lusenziwa. Wenze iyelenqe noThantaswa ongumfazi kaMsindisi ukuba abulawe. Sihle sibone 42

ukuba uyimfuneko kubomi bukaThantaswa ukuze akwazi ukuphumeza ukungcola kwakhe. Ukungcola akwenza noHlumisa ukwenza ngokulula. Sibone ukuba ujonge inzuzo kule mali kaMsindisi ngokuba negalelo kokukungcola kukaThantaswa. Unyolukile kwaye akoneli kuba unawo umsebenzi wakhe osisigxina kodwa usemva kwemali eza ngeenyembezi kuba abazali abonwabanga kukulahlekelwa ngunyana wabo. Kuphando olwenziwayo usebenzisa uMfezeko ukuze bungakhawulezi buvele ubunyani boku akwenzayo. Liqhophololo lepolisa kuba uzama ngandlela zonke ukuba ulahleke umkhondo wokuphanda ingakumbi onokuthi ubandakanye yena. Akukho lula kwamanye amapolisa ukuba enze olu phando kuba naye ubakhona kwiingxoxo zamapolisa njengoko naye elelinye. Ungcolile kuba siva ukuba ude enze iinzame zokuba kuyiwe kuSphongo olixhwele kuyokufunwa ityhefu ukuze kugqithiswe amafu uMapheza kodwa simbona esinda ngezikaMdali esiya kulala esibhedlele. Akapheli mandla kuba nako ephinda esenza iinzame zokuba aphume aye kwaSphongo ukuze kube lula ukuba abulawe ngovutha. Inja ithi izalele endlwini kuye noThantaswa kuba ukungcola abakwenzayo buyadula kuba kaloku akukho nto ifihlakala ingasayi kutyhilwa. Baphela besifa bengafumenanga nto kuloo mayelenqe bebewenza, kuba isiphelo sabo sibe kukufa. UMfezeko: Into efezekileyo yinto ebe yimpumelelo enkulu. Amapolisa ateketiswa ngokuba ‘zizinja zomthetho’. Eli gama lithathelwa ekubeni ithi inja xa ilandela umkhondo wenyamakazi inge ihiliteke ingqondo. Iyakwazi ukwahlula phakathi komkhondo wenyamakazi nowesilwananyana sasekhaya. Ayikwazi ukuthi ileqa impunzi kodwa iphambukele ebhokhweni. Ngoko ke amapolisa aqeshelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba abo babandakanyeke kwizinto zolwaphulo mthetho bayabanjwa bavalelwe. Kwelinye icala, amapolisa ngabantu abaqinisekisa ukuba amaxhoba olwaphulo-mthetho enzelwa ubulungisa ngokuthi izikrelemnqa ziye kuvela phambi kwabasemagunyeni, nalapho kuhluzwa inyaniso ebuxokini. Kule noveli sibona umcuphi/ipolisa eligama linguMfezeko lilandele igama lalo. Indlela awulandela ngayo umkhondo wababulali bakaYangaphi ishiya abaninzi bemzonda. Izikrelemnqa, uThantaswa noMfuneko, bazame kaninzi ukuthabatha ubomi bakhe. Kubo, usisilungulela nje esibadlisa kakubi ubomi. Njengoko uMfezeko emele umthetho okanye eyinja yawo, inzondelelo yakhe emsebenzini inika ithembakazi elikhulu kumaxhoba olwaphulo-mthetho afana nekhaya lakwaYangaphi. Umthetho ulufezekisile uxanduva lwawo lokuzisa ngaphambili ababulali bakaMsindisi xa uMfezeko abamba avalele ooSixaki. Ngalo ndlela singatsho ukuba indlela kaMfezeko yokukhusela uluntu njengepolisa ibe yimfezeko enkulu. Ikhaya lwakwaYangaphi nalo lixolile xa kuphumelela umthetho ekugqibeleni. 43

UMkhokeli: Yinkulu kaMonde le eyakha kude nekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, uMkhokeli akazilahlanga iingcambu zakhe kuba ephumile kowabo. Wayemana ukumcebisa umninawe wakhe uMsindisi. Wayengamonqeni ukumgrumba ngezinto zakhe. Mve xa amgqala ngenyewe yakhe noSiziwe, de alukhuphe ngaphandle olwakhe uluvo ngale ntokazi. Wayekwakhona kumabhunga esithembu, nalapho wazibalula khona ukuba nguye omdala. Walenza lacaca icala akulo zisuka nje xa wabalula igama likaSiziwe. NguMkhokeli owacebisa uMsindisi owayexakwe sisimilo sokungaziphathi kakuhle kukaThantaswa ukuthi makavule amehlo. Watsho esithi makajike umyolelo wakhe wonke awubhalise ngonyana wakhe uPhumlani ukuze kuthi nokuba kwenzeke ntoni na ebomini bakhe, yena uThantaswa angakhothi naphantsi. YayikwanguMkhokeli owayeququzelela umngcwabo womntakwabo. Nguye owabekisa kuqala ilitye unyana kaMsindisi, uPhumlani, ngomhla womngcwabo. Ngalo ndlela watsho wadandalazisa elubala imfihlo enkulu kaMsindisi noSiziwe, kwatsho kwakhathazeka uThantaswa. Iimali zikaMsindisi zaphandwa nguye ukuze aqinisekise ukuba ziwela ezandleni ezifanelekileyo, uPhumlani. Wayekhona kowabo kutywala bokuhlamba imihlakulo. Njengenkulu, wayemphikisa utata wakhe kweminye imiba. Imiphanga yekhaya yayibikelwa yena kuqala ukuze yena ayidlulisele ekhaya. UMkhokeli akazange azibonalise bubhetyebhetye kumba wokusweleka kukaMsindisi mayana. Umqolo wakhe wema nkqo, akajika nakancinci ukuthi ukufa kusembizeni, nto leyo eyabangela ukungxoliswa rhoqo lixhego lakhe. UPhumlani: UMkhokeli wayengathi ubethelwe ukuba uMsindisi akazi kufumana mntwana womtshato, kwaye akazi kuphila naxesha lide. Umzi wakowabo wayewunqwenelela uSiziwe asele embonisile uMsindisi ukuba uzala kakuhle, ngabula madoda onke. Ixabiso lenkwenkwe emzini wayelazi uMkhokeli xa athi angathini na uMsindisi ukulahla intombi emzalele umntwana wasebuhlanti. Nakuba uPhumlani wayengenalungelo ligcweleyo lobundlalifa kuMsindisi, kuba engumntwana wasengceni, kodwa waphumza iingqondo abaninzi kwaYangaphi. Ubukho bakhe empilweni kaMsindisi banceda kumbango welifa likaMsindisi elaliza kudliwa ngamaxhalanga namaxhwili angooThantaswa, ooMfuneko, ooSiphongo, ooNonkanyiso nooMdlambila. Ukudliwa kwelifa likaMsindisi ngunyana wakhe kwenza ukuba uJikijwa omkhulu, uMkhokeli, alale ubuthongo obuhlayo, emva kokumlwela ixesha elide. 44

UNonkanyiso: Ngumncedi nomkhanyiseli kaThantaswa. Kwidabi likaThantaswa noMsindisi, uNonkanyiso usisibane sethemba entombini yakhe ngalo lonke ixesha. Akuva ukuba uthe ugqirha akasayi kufumana mntwana uThantaswa, umthembisa ngokuba uza kuzama icebo. Akugxothelwa ukungaziphathi kakuhle uThantaswa ngumyeni wakhe, endaweni yokumngxolisa umfakela amavili okuqhubeka nalo mkhuba xa athi akangomfazi wokuqala ukukrexeza. Intombi yakhe uyicelele uxolo ngempumelelo kuMsindisi, kuba exhalele ukuba iza kuphulukana nenqatha. Ukwafuna nokuyikhusela kwintlekisa yelali yayo. UNompumelelo: USis Mpumi, ngabula Thantaswa, ngomnye woonqevukazi owabhungca ngokunyoluka kukaMfuneko kwiinzipho zolwaphulo-mthetho. Akaphumelelanga nje ekugwinteni umyeni wakhe, uChizama, kuphela, koko waphinda wakwazi ukudlala ikhasi lakhe ngempumelelo kunomji wakhe nabomthetho. Ileli yakhe yempumelelo kwezoshishino lweeteksi igcwele igazi lomyeni wakhe. UNompumelelo ungumzekelo omhle kuThantaswa: “…Naba ooMpumi bethe gcobho emashishinini abo, abadingi nto… (P. 49).” Ukuyihombisa kakuhle le mpumelelo yakhe, uMpumi wafika enesoya koonoteksi, ukuze nje uThembelani Nzingo, nowayengomnye woosomashishini, amsondeze kufuphi naye. Uwisa omnye usomashishini, avuse omnye oza kumandisela ikhaya njengoko babelizwe ngomntwana oyintombazana noNzingo. Abaxhasi bomlinganiswa oyintloko Maxa wambi umlinganiswa oyintloko uba nabaxhasi abamncedisayo ekulweleni umnqweno wakhe ube yimpumelelo. Kule ncwadi uThantaswa unabaxhasi ababini, umama wakhe kunye noMfuneko Mnenga, ongumakhwapheni wakhe. Ezinye iingcali zesiXhosa zithi uMfuneko ungulo mlinganiswa kuthiwa nguValimathuba, kuba ejonge ukuzityhuthulela kulowo amncedisayo. Inkxaso uThantaswa ayinikwa nguMfuneko apha ebalini yengahexiyo kangangokuba umfundi angaxoxa ngakhona xa esithi ngaphandle kwakhe, uThantaswa ebeza kwahluleka kwakusasa edabini lakhe. Bubuchule bombhali ukuthi uThantaswa abe nabaxhasi ukuze ungquzulwano lulingane. Ngulo kaloku uthe akufakwa epokothweni nguThantaswa, gxebe akufakwa ezingubeni, watsho umfana kaMnenga wazilibala ukuba ulikrexe, wathabatha isikhundla sikaMsindisi. Mve kwiphepha (p.178) mhla aboniswa incwadi yaseburhulumenteni nguThantaswa, nalapho urhulumente athabathela kuye yonke into ebiza ngoYangaphi: “Ngoobani abo bafuna ukudla ilifa lethu?” wabuza engacacanga uMfuneko. 45

Lo mbuzo ukhombisa ukuba umfo kaMnenga wayesenamagunya abanye oomakhwapheni abangenawo emizini yabahlolo. Wayenganelanga ukuba negunya emzimbeni kaThantaswa nje kuphela ngoku, koko nasemandleni omyeni wakhe, nowayelele kobandayo ekoneni yegadi kowabo eNtabezulu ngenxa yakhe. Wayesefana nosokhaya ngoku kweli khaya. Mhlawumbi nemvela-phi ezindwendweni yayiseyibuzwa nguye ngoku. Umlinganiswa oyintloko uba nalo aphikisana naye kule minqweno yakhe. Ubuhlobo phakathi kwabo bobokuxhwithana ngalo lonke, negama abizwa ngalo kuthiwa ngumchasi wakhe. Kule noveli umntu akruthana naye kuqala uThantaswa ngumyeni wakhe uMsindisi, noxhaswa yena likhaya lakhe elimelwe ngumkhuluwa wakhe uMkhokeli noZimkhitha udade wabo; kwelinye icala uThantaswa ungquzulana nomthetho omelwe ngumcuphi ogama linguMfezeko Mapheza. 3.10. INDIMA KANOBALISA Umntu Umntu wokuqala wesibini Umbhalo Umntu wakho wesithathu Umbalisi 3.10.1 Indlela abalisa ngayo umbalisi • Kubaliso lwamabali ubalulekile umbalisi kwakunye nendlela abalisa ngayo. • Angabalisa apho asixelela ngokwakhe okwenzekileyo. • Angabonisa apho abalinganiswa bazithethela ngokwabo. 46

3.10.2 Iindidi ezaziwayo zababalisi zine zezi 3.10.2.1 Umbalisi owongameleyo/ophezu konke. • Lo mbalisi ubonakalisa ukungabi namida ekulazini ibali lakhe nasekubazini abalinganiswa bakhe. • Wazi okuza kwenzeka nokusezingqondweni zabalinganiswa bakhe. • Uyakwazi ukungena kumlinganiswa ngamnye, azi isiganeko ngasinye azi izinto ezicingwa ngumlinganiswa ngamnye ade amise ibali asikhokele ngeengcinga iinjongo novakalelo lwabalinganiswa abenzileyo. • Ukhe amise ibali kwindawo engamanelisiyo aphimisele izimvo zakhe. 3.10.2.2 Umbalisi ubalisa ngokusebenzisa omnye wabalinganiswa • Uthi alibalise ngokwakhe ibali, uthi ibali eli liphume ngaye. • Lo mbalisi uye azibeke abe ngumntu ongazi nto ngabanye abalinganiswa aze ke yena umbhali asixelele konke ngalo mlinganiswa kuba yena wazi konke ngaye. • Apha thina bafundi bebali senziwa sibone izinto ezenzekayo ngendlela azibona ngayo lo mlinganiswa. 3.10.2.3 Usenokuba umbhali yena angangeni ndawo, ibali libaliswe ngumlinganiswa othile lihle linyuka ibali liyintetho ngqo. • Usebenzisa intetho yomntu wokuqala. • Iziganeko sizibona thina bafundi ngalo mlinganiswa. 3.10.2.4 Kukho ukuba ibali liyekwe lizithulule ngokwalo ukuze umfundi webali azitolikele ngokwakhe. 3.11 UMXHOLO • Lo ngowona mcamango ungumongo/uphambili wenze umbhali wathatha usiba lwakhe waba uyabhala. • Umxholo yile nto kuthethwa ngayo / isihlahla. • Le ngcinga ilithungela elityhutyhe lonke ibali ukusuka kwingabula zigcawu ukuya kwisiphelo. • Umbhali angawuphuhlisa ngeentetho, izenzo, izinxibo neenkolo zabalinganiswa. • Umxholo ukhatshwa yimpixano ukuze ibali liqhubeke ukutsala umdla. • Umxholo wale ncwadi lulwaphulo mthetho olungenambuyekezo. 47

3.12 IMIXHOLWANA • Ixhasa umxholo • Ixhasa umyalezo wombhali • Ayilithathi lonke ibali njengoko usenza umxholo. Imizekelo yemixholwana efumaneka kule noveli: • Uthando olunganyanisekanga • Ubugwinta • Ukunyoluka • Ukukrexeza • Inzondo 3.13 UMYALEZO Qwalasela ukuba xa uphendula umbuzo ofuna unike umyalezo, engqondweni yakho makuthi thaa ukuba umbhali uthi masithini ngoku akubhalileyo. Zimamele ukuba uthunywa ntoni yitekisi. Impendulo yakho mayibe sisivakalisi esipheleleyo. 3.13.1 Ufikelela njani kumyalezo? • Thatha umlinganiswa ophambili- umchasi okanye umlinganiswa oyintloko. • Mpazamo zini azenzileyo? Zalungiswa ziziphi izenzo? • Yamkelekile impendulo yalo mbuzo eqala ngolu hlobo; “Umbhali uthi musa uku…. uba ngokwenza oko unga…..” Omnye angathi umyalezo uthi, “Kulumkele uku…. kuba ungangena kwingxaki ethile. 3.13.2 Kungakho imfuneko yokuxhasa le mpendulo uyinikileyo. Xa kufunwa uzixhase yayama kwizenzo zalowo ubemele oko ukufundileyo. Qaphela: kukho ukumelana kwimfundiso nomyalezo kodwa asinto inye. Esi sisifundo osifunde wakuba ufunde eli bali okanye loo mxholwana/ wakuba ubukele izenzo ezinempumelelo okanye ezingenampumelelo zomlinganiswa othile/ izenzo neziphumo zazo kumlinganiswa othile. Impendulo ngemfundiso ingabekwa ngolu hlobo: ü (Ndifunde ukuba) ‘Akulunganga uku.../ Kulungile uku…’. 48

3.14. ULWIMI NESIMBO Enye yezizathu zokufunda uncwadi kukwenza ukuba abafundi baxhinele ukusebenzisa ulwimi olukhethekileyo nolucokisekileyo, izafobe, isimboli nentsingiselo kokuza kufundwa. Oku kuquka uhlalutyo lwesimbo sokubhala. Isimbo yindlela umbhali awubeka ngayo umcimbi wakhe phambi kwabafundi. Ababhali banezimbo zabo zokubhala, iindlela zabo zokubhala, ezikhethekileyo kubo. Isimbo sombhali senziwe yimiba eliqela equka: • Ukuchongwa kwamagama. • Ukusetyenziswa kwemifanekiso-ngqondweni. • Ukusetyenziswa kwemiqondiso. 3.15. ISIMO SENTLALO KUNYE NEMVELAPHI IMVELAPHI NESIMO SENTLALO Place Okusingqongileyo kwezentlalo ngabalinganiswa Phi Ixesha Ixabiso lokuziphatha Apho ikhoyo nini, ixesha/imbali,usuku, Isiko Indawo Indlela yokuziphatha • Isimi sentlalo sizoba indawo nexesha eliqhubeka ngalo ibali. • Indawo iyazotywa icace gca. Ngamanye amaxesha icaciswa ngumbhali ngomlomo wakhe ukanti ngamanye amaxesha usebenzisa abalinganiswa. • Izinto abazenzayo ndawonye nezinxibo ziduliswa ngabalinganiswa. • Siphefumla umoya othile apha ebalini ngenxa yokuba ibali lisenzeka kwindawo ethile, enabantu abathile abanamasiko athile. Qaphela oku malunga nesimo sentlalo 49

3.15.1 Indawo Eli bali liqhubeka kwilali yaseNtabezulu kuCentane naseGcuwa. 3.15.2 Ixesha • Ixesha libonakaliswa njengelangoku njengoko kuchaziwe kwingabula zigcawu, oku sikuvezelwa nangokuhlahlamba kukanomyayi kaThantaswa. [p 16]. Kukho neqokobhe likaVodacom apho bafowuna khona abantu. • UMsindisi unika uThantaswa ikhadi elinenkcukacha zakhe (Business card). • Igama likaThantaswa lomzi nguHlumisa kanti kudala igama lomntu owendileyo beliqala ngoNo. • Emva komngcwabo kaHlomlani kuselwa utywala kusithiwa kwenziwa i-after tears. • Abazali bakaMsindisi banqwenela ukuba izigwinta zonyana wabo zigwetyelwe udilika jele njengoko urhulumente wasiphelisa isigwebo sentambo. [ p 180] • UThantaswa noMfuneko bazivavanya imizimba ekuyinto ephambili nevamileyo kule mihla. • Ezinye iziganeko zenzeka emini zikwakho ke nezo zobubi zenzeka ebusuku. • Uvutha wenzeka ebusuku. • UMsindisi ugwintwa ebusuku. • Kusebusuku ngexesha edubula uMfuneko ezidubula naye. 3.15.3 ULwimi Njengoko kukhankanyiwe kwixesha ukuba lelangoku isiXhosa siyasetyenziswa kodwa kumana ngokuxutywa amagama esiNgesi afana noo.” after tears, business plan, account, Advocate, Inspector, stop and search, statement, consult your branch” njalo njalo. 3.15.4 Izakhiwo • Indawo yokuthambela. • Iiofisi zamashishini kaMsindisi. • Indlu enkulu kaMsindisi. • Ihotele. 3.15.5 Izinxibo • Izinxibo zala maxesha. 50

uGugulethu kwamantyi ngokophula isithembiso. Emva kwetyala uNomaMpondomise uyazibulala ngokuzeyelisela emlanjeni eMthatha. UGugulethu ubulala uThobeka nabantwana bakhe ze agwetywe intambo. UMaGaba unina kaGugulethu uzityisa ityhefu abhubhe. UZwilakhe ongutata kaGugulethu ushiyeka elilolo emva kokufa komfazi nonyana wakhe. Wathi ezisola uZwilakhe, kwabe sele kusemva kwexesha, kungekho nto anokuyijika kwizenzo zakhe. 3.5 IMIBA EBALULEKILEYO NEMAYIQWALASELWE XA KUFUNDWA IDRAMA Imvelaphi nesimo sentlalo Intlekele okanye Isakhiwo sedrama impoxo Ukulandelelana Ukuzotywa kweziganeko kwabalinganiswa Intshukumo, Indima UKUFUNDA ingxoxo yomlinganiswa NOKUHLALUTYA IDRAMA Izalathisi Umongo seqonga memfundiso isigqebelo Imo nethowuni Impixano 20

3.6 ISAKHIWO NESAKHIWANA SEDRAMA 3.6.1 ISAKHIWO SEDRAMA Isakhiwo seDrama lucwangciso lweziganeko ezibalulekileyo ezenzeka ebalini zijolise koonobangela neziphumo. Ezi ziganeko kufuneka zivuselele umdla womfundi okanye womphulaphuli, zithungelane ngendlela ephuhlisa ubungcibi okanye ubuchule bombhali. Kufuneka kubekho abantu okanye abalinganiswa abaxambulisana (impixano) ngombandela othi udale ukungevisisani. Le mpixano ingaba yeyangaphakathi apho umntu aphehluzeliswa ingqondo nomphefumlo ziingcinga zakhe okanye ibeyeyangaphandle apho umntu alwa neemeko ezithile zobomi, ingaba phakathi komntu, umntu namasiko okanye izithethe angahambisaniyo nazo. Izinto ezenziwa ngabalinganiswa, indlela abacinga nabavakalelwa ngayo okanye abathetha ngayo zinefuthe elikhulu kwisakhiwo sebali. Yiyo le nto uAbrahams (1981) esithi ngamanye amaxesha abalinganiswa banefuthe kwisakhiwo ingabalawula abalinganiswa ebalini. 3.6.1.1 Ingabula-zigcawu • Ingabula-zigcawu sisiqalo sebali • Sithiwa ntlo ngantlanye kubalinganiswa abaphambili. • Benza izinto ezithile. • Kwanekwa umcimbi ekuza kuba ngawo. • Imbewu yempixano ihlwayelwa apha. • Kuvela isimo sentlalo, liqhubeka phi, nini ibali. • Ulwazi olusisiseko kungenjalo imvelaphi malunga neziganeko ezenzeke phambi kokuqala kwebali, imbalana ngabalinganiswa • Oku kunokwenziwa ngengxoxo, usingiselo, iingcinga zabalinganiswa, kungenjalo kubaliswe ibalana eliqulethe olu lwazi: 3.6.1.2 Ukuyondelelana / ukujiya kwebali • Ulibona njani? Liqala ngesehlo esothusayo okanye esiza nengxaki • Le ngxaki iqala apho kuphela khona ingabula-zigcawu • Esi sehlo esihlaba ifolo kuluhlu /sisiseko soluhlu lweziganeko ezikhokelela kuvuthondaba • Isengangabi sisiganeko koko ibelulwazi oludala unxunguphalo • Eli nqanaba likholisa ukuba lelona lide ebalini • Izithole zempixano zintshula kweli nqanaba • Kulapho undoqo webali ulele khona uquka iziganeko ezibangela ukukhula kwempixano. 21

• Kubakho ixhala, izothuso nokuqikelelwa kokuza kwenzeka ebalini. • Iyalwatyuza impixano yenza umsebenzi wayo, iyadlwayiza, abalinganiswa bakwiingxaki eziphotheneyo ngakumbi abaphambili, umlinganiswa uthi esongula olu ucwambu kube kuvela olunye. • Abalinganiswa baziintlaba zahlukane/ kukho ukuhlelana kwabalinganiswa elowo uziveza elona cala angakulo ebalini. • Ziyakhula iziganeko nomoya wempixano uya ukhula ngokukhula- ubheka phambili, elowo umntu ubambe umzimba ukuba kuza kwenzeka ni, izimo zabalinganiswa ziyadula/ ziyavela. • Kudula izimo zabalinganiswa kuvele ukuxanbulisana • Iziganeko zibonisa icala eliza kukekelella ngakulo ibali. Uvuthondaba • Luyincochoyi apho athi umlinganiswa ophumeleleyo okanye owoyisiweyo avele abonwe ngumntu wonke. • Kweli nqanaba izinto zifike kwincochoyi. • Kubi kumacala omabini akukho kubuya mva, zizaqhwithi zodwa, elowo umlinganiswa uzijule ijacu, umonde wokunyamezela uphelile, elowo umlinganiswa ophambili uthi mayisuke yehle ehlayo. • Abaphixanayo abasenako ukuba bangaphixana ngaphezu koku. • Apha umlinganiswa ophambili uhlangana nemeko emenza anyanzeleke ukuba enze inguqu. 3.6.1.3 Ukusonjululwa kwezinto • Kweli nqanaba sifumana ukusonjululwa kwempixano. • Amaqhina ayasonjululwa • Impixano ijonge esiphelweni. • Kuziwa nesisombululo nokuba isisombululo eso sineziphumo ezikrakra komnye wabalinganiswa abaphambili. • Ukusonjululwa kwezinto-izishiqi ziyakhululwa- Ziyawululeka izinto, wonke umntu uvelile, kungqutywana ngeentloko kuthwa makuthweni. • Injikaphethu:Yilaa ndawo izenzo ziguqukela ngakumlinganiswa oyintloko/ophambili/ okanye zimlahle umlinganiswa oyintloko. 22

o Incwadi ivula ngoMaGaba ongunina ka Gugulethu, encokola ngomtshato avela kuwo de loo ncoko yakhe noNozipho yakhokelela kwindima yokuzeka kukaGugulethu. UZwilakhe ukho ekuqalelni kwebali, apho axelelwa nguMaGaba ukuba uGugulethu usexabisweni lokuzeka. Kuloo ncoko kuvela ukuba uMaGaba ufuna intombi kaMcothama. Kukwavela uGugulethu eleqa emtshatweni apho ahlangene khona noNomampondomise oyintokazi ekudala eyincwasile, azithethelele. • Iimbewu zempixano ziyahlwayelwa: o UZwilakhe noMaGaba baxelela uGugulethu ukuba kufuneka athathe umfazi. Oku bakutsho benesigqibo sokuba nguThobeka intombi kaMchothama abambona efanele uGugulethu. Uyayamkela uGugulethu imbono yokuba athathe umfazi. Kwangale mini inye, kufika ileta esuka kuNomampondomise, evuma ukuthandana noGugulethu. Gugulethu lowo uyiphendula ngokucela umtshato, esukela kwingxabano yokuzeka kwakhe ebenayo nabazali bakhe. Oku kutyhila zisuka ukuba kuza kusunduzwana, izimvo zabalinganiswa ziza kungquzulana. 3.6.2.3 UKUYONDELELANA KWEZINTO/UKUJIYA KWEBALI • Eli nqanaba liqala ngesehlo esothusayo okanye esiza nengxaki. • Iyalwatyuza impixano yenza umsebenzi wayo, iyadlwayiza, abalinganiswa bakwiingxaki eziphotheneyo ngakumbi abaphambili, umlinganiswa uthi esongula olu ucwambu kube kuvela olunye. • Abalinganiswa baziintlaba zahlukane/ kukho ukuhlelana kwabalinganiswa elowo uziveza elona cala angakulo ebalini. • Ziyakhula iziganeko nomoya wempixano uya ukhula ngokukhula- ubheka phambili, elowo umntu ubambe umzimba ukuba kuza kwenzeka ni, izimo zabalinganiswa ziyadula/ ziyavela. La mpixano nazo zonke eza zehlo sizibhenqelwe kwela nqanaba lokuqala ziyajiya, ziyabondeka zikhula. Ukuxambulisana, ukuphikisana, impixano nokungevani ngemiba okanye iimbono ezithile kukhula ngamandla kwaye kuyanda. Kubakho iintlaba zahlukane, abanye baba kwelinye icala abanye baxhase elinye. Izehlo zilandelelana ngokukhawuleza. Umzekelo • Eli nqanaba liqala ngesehlo esothusayo okanye esiza nengxaki: o UGugulethu uxelela abazali bakhe ukuba unayo intombi ayibonileyo, bona bamxelele ukuba bambonele intombi kaMcothama, uThobeka. • Iyalwatyuza impixano yenza umsebenzi wayo, iyadlwayiza, abalinganiswa bakwiingxaki eziphotheneyo ngakumbi abaphambili, umlinganiswa uthi esongula olu ucwambu kube kuvela olunye. o UGugulethu uyasala isigqibo sabazali bakhe sokumzekela intombi kaMcothama uThobeka, atsho ekhumbuza uyise ngamazwi awayewathethile esithi mdala akamele kulindela ukufunzwa. Ngelixa lale ngxoxo, uGugulethu sele ethembise uNomaMpondomise ngomtshato. Oku kudala ingxubakaxaka, ubangaveza ezakhe iimbono uGugulethu, uyise azikhabe. 25

• Abalinganiswa baziintlaba zahlukane/ kukho ukuhlelana kwabalinganiswa elowo uziveza elona cala angakulo ebalini. o Udaba lokuzekelwa kukaGugulethu lusiwa kooyise mncinci, bebizwa nguZwilakhe. Ukungamameli lizwi lamntu kuka Zwilakhe kuyadula. Oku kudala intlabazahlukane phakathi komzi, kuba abanye baxhase uZwilakhe kanti abanye bahambisana nembono kaGugulethu yokuba umelwe ukuyekwa azikhethele intombi afuna ukutshata nayo. • Ziyakhula iziganeko nomoya wempixano uya ukhula ngokukhula- ubheka phambili, elowo umntu ubambe umzimba ukuba kuza kwenzeka ni, izimo zabalinganiswa ziyadula/ ziyavela. o UZwilakhe uxoxa ajijilize, athi yena ulandele isiko. Kunjalo, uZwilakhe akabuyi ngamva, uthumela amawabo ukuba baye kucela intombi kaMchothama. o Abazali bakaThobeka bayamendisa, nangona engazani ncam no Gugulethu. Akukuvakalisa oko unina, umxelela ukuba akukho mfuneko yokuba bade bazame. Lilonke, liyamkelwa ikhazi lakwaZilindile. o UNomaMpondomise ukhupha iinkomo zikaMcunukelwa kuba ethenjiswe nguGugulethu ngomtshato. 3.6.2.4 UVUTHONDABA • Kweli nqanaba izinto zifike kwincochoyi: • Kubi kumacala omabini akukho kubuya mva, zizaqhwithi zodwa, elowo umlinganiswa uzijule ijacu, umonde wokunyamezela uphelile, elowo umlinganiswa ophambili uthi mayisuke yehle ehlayo. • Abaphixanayo abasenako ukuba bangaphixana ngaphezu koku. • Apha umlinganiswa ophambili uhlangana nemeko emenza anyanzeleke ukuba enze inguqu. Umzekel o • Apha ibali lifikelela kwisigaba esiphezulu, impixano ifikelela echochoyini, kuqhushumba iintlantsi zibonwe ngumntu wonke. o UGugulethu uyala ukwenza izifungo zomtshato nokubhala igama lakhe ecaweni. • Kubi kumacala omabini akukho kubuya mva, zizaqhwithi zodwa, elowo umlinganiswa uzijule ijacu, umonde wokunyamezela uphelile, elowo umlinganiswa ophambili uthi mayisuke yehle ehlayo: o UZwilakhe ubhala ngokwakhe endaweni kaGugulethu. Akugqiba uthi umfundisi makaqhube angamnanzi uGugulethu. • Akusekho kubuya mva nokuba umntu sele eyibona impazamo ayenzileyo. Izinto azisalawuleki apha ziya phambili abadali bempixano babonwa nanguthathatha, bavela elubala betshelwe zizicheku: o Umfundisi uxelela uZwilakhe ukuba wenze impazano enkulu ngkutshatis uGugulethu nentombi angayifuniyo, uyema uZwilakhe ngelithi akanakujika, akanakuphathwa ngumntwana emzala. • Abaphixanayo abasenako ukuba bangaphixana ngaphezu koku: Kwesi sigaba ukruthakruthwano phakathi koZwilakhe noGugulethu lufikelela kwangqingetye kuba bamelene ngoobhontsi, kuqhawuke imbeleko phakathi koyise nonyana. Udaba lomtshata ekubangiswana ngawo lwenzekile. Kulindeleke isiphumo sesi siganeko sokuqhutywa komtshato ngebhaxa. 26

3.6.2.5 ISISOMBULULO • Eli nqanaba lisisiphumo sokugqibela sebali njengoko isakhiwo sebali singunobangela nesiphumo. • Kweli nqanaba sifumana isisombululo kwiimpixano nezishiqi ebezikade zisehla apha ebalini • Iqhina ebelikade libotshiwe liyawululeka. Kuziwa nesisombululo esiba neziphumo ezikrakra komnye wabalinganiswa abaphambili. • Ziye zilunge izinto, zibentle okanye imeko ibe mbi nangakumbi • Amaqhina ayasonjululwa. • Impixano iphelile. • Ukusonjululwa kwezinto-izishiqi ziyakhululwa-ziyawululeka izinto, wonke umntu uvelile, kungqutywana ngeentloko kuthiwa makuthweni. o Injikaphethu:(ukuguquka kwezinto) Yilaa ndawo izenzo ziguqukela ngakumlinganiswa oyintloko/ophambili/ okanye zimlahle umlinganiswa oyintloko. Umzekelo • Eli nqanaba lisisiphumo sokugqibela sebali njengoko isakhiwo sebali singunobangela nesiphumo: o UNomaMpondomise umangalela uGugulethu akuba engamtshatanga akugqiba azibulale ngokuzeyelisela emlanjeni. o Umama kaNomaMpondomise ufa isiqaqa wabhubha ngenxa yomothuko. • Iqhina ebelikade libotshiwe liyawululeka. Kuziwa nesisombululo esiba neziphumo ezikrakra komnye wabalinganiswa abaphambili: o Ukufa kukaNomampondomisa kusombulula iqhina kukwaneziphumo ezikrakra kuGugulethu, ode aphele emzilela. UGugulethu ufulathela ikhaya iminyaka elishumi elinesibini, nto leyo ebakrakra kuZwilakhe, ophela enoxanduva olunguThobeka. • Ziye zilunge izinto, zibentle okanye imeko ibembi nangakumbi: o UZwilakhe uthumela uThobeka nabantwana bakhe kuGugulethu kuba esithi akanakondla usapho lwenye indoda. o UGugulethu ugqiba ekubeni abulale uThobeka nabantwana bakhe abathathu. o Akugqiba uzinikezela emapoliseni. 3.6.2.6 ISIPHELO Apha kweli nqanaba sityhilelwa ngesiphumo sempixano esisenokuvela ngokuthi:, • Acace poqo owoyisakeleyo • Kulungiswe obekungquzulwana ngako. • Umlinganiswa oyintloko azibone into ayiyo • Injongo yokubhalwa kwayo idrama iphuhle mpela. • Sisenokuba sisiphelo ebesilindelekile okanye esingalindelekanga. • Kungenjalo, umbhali webali usenokwenza ibali liphume apho besingacingelanga khona. 27

• Ucace poqo owoyisakeleyo: o UZwilakhe (ekunye noMaGaba) woyisakele kuba inzame zabo zokuba uThobeka abengumnfazi kaGugulethu azifezekanga. • Umlinganiswa oyintloko azibone into ayiyo: o UZwilakhe uyazisola ngelithi ungunobangela wesenzo esenziwe nguGugulethu sokubulala uThobeka. Uvuma ukuba ebeba usisiluko kanti usisiyatha. Ucela ukuba kuxhonywe yena. • Injongo yokubhalwa kwedrama iyaphuhla: o Kukulumkisa abantu ngobungozi bokunyanzelisa isiko elingasasebenziyo ngenxa yeenjongo zabo eziphuthileyo (ezingalunganga). o UZwilakhe ulahlekelwa kuko konke, ngunyana wakhe uGugulethu, kunye nenkosikazi yakhe uMaGaba. Uzisola sele kwenzekile. o Kwenzeka inyhikitya yokufa kwabantu abangenatyala ngenxa yesiwo somntu omnye, seenkani, ezimele ngesiko. Umsebenzi Gqibezela le theyibhile ilandelayo ingeempawu zedrama eyintlekele ngokufakela ubungqina obishiyelelelweyo kuKholam B. Kholam A: Iimpawu Kholam B: Ubungqina • Kukho ukudandatheka komphefumlo UGugulethu uthetha yedwa esithi, “Namhlanje ndigamba kubalinganiswa ngakumbi ophambili. phantsi kwethunzi lokufa, namhlanje luphelile ulonwabo kum. • Imeko ilusizi ukuqala ekuqaleni kwebali UGugulethu ubasentlungiwni kwamhla abazali bakhe lide liyokuphela. bamazisa ukuba bambobele intombi kaMcothama. • Abalinganiswa bakwimo emandla UGugulethu kweli bali ubangumntu ongathi yoxinzelelo, baphela bephambana, uyaphambana ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwasengqondweni. bebulalana okanye bezibulala. Umana kudanduluka athi, limkile ilanga… • Zonke iziganeko ezehlayo zimanyumnyezi kwaye zihambisa umzimba. • Umlinganiswa uba nesikhwasilima esiza kubangela ukuwa kwakhe(downfall). • Isiphelo sibi kakhulu ngakumbi kumlinganiswa othandwayo nosizelwayo, umlinganiswa ophambili. • Iziganeko zizisa inkxalabo noloyiko. • Lo ngumdlalo onesiphelo esilusizi, ekuthi kubekho umntu ofayo: • Kukho umoya wonxunguphalo. • Umfundi okanye umbukeli uxhalabile kuba ufuna ukwazi ukuba kuza kwenzekani emva koku(suspense) lide liphele ibali. 28

3.7. IMPIXANO • Ngundoqo okanye sisihlahla sebali. Yenye yeentsika eziphambili ekwakheni ibali libe nomdla. Ngaphandle kwayo ibali linganomdintsi onganyamezelekiyo. • Idalwa kukubethabethana kwezimvo/ kweengcamango zabalinganiswa / okanye ukungaboni ngasonye ngomba othile - umlinganiswa ngamnye, kungenjalo iqela elithile labalinganiswa limela uluvo / imbono ethile. • Inokubonwa ngamehlo (ugxagxamiswano olubonwayo) okanye iviwe ngeendlebe. • Yiyo ekhokhelela kuvuthondaba. • Xa iyeyangaphakathi isenokuphathelela engqondweni, emxhelweni, emphefumlweni. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba umlinganiswa unomvandedwa anawo. (Isenokubonakala ngamehlo omxhelo). 3.7.1 Iindidi zempixano 3.7.1.1 Impixano yangaphandle: • Iphakathi komlinganiswa (ngakumbi oyintloko) kunye neemeko ezimngqongileyo. • Iziindidi impixano yangaphandle ezizezi: I. Impixano yangaphandle ephakathi komntu nomntu: Ibangelwa zezi zinto zilandelayo: o Abalinganiswa basenokuba babangisana ngento ethile, bayifuna bobabini. o Isenokuba abalinganiswa ababini baneenjongo ezahlukileyo ngenxa yoko omnye abengumqobo komnye abenalowo evale impumelelo yalo umbona njengomqobo. o Inokubangelwa kukuba omnye efungele ukwenzakalisa omnye, eqhutywa ngumona, yintiyo norhwaphilizo. o Inokuqhutywa kukuba omnye wabo ephethwe likratshi, efuna ukuphumelela nganxa zonke. II. Impixano yangaphandle ephakathi komntu neemeko/ imimiselo yentlalo: o Umlinganiswa oyintloko ungquzulana neemeko zentlalo. o Umzekelo, urhulumente onorhwaphilizo, iinkqubo enkolo ethile, iingcinga zabantu ngemiba ethile yetlalo, iimeko zoqoqosho, nezinye. III. Impixano ephakathi komntu nendalo: o Umlinganiswa uzamazamana neemeko zendalo. Umzekelo: Izilwanyana, imozulu, intshabalaliso ekhoyo, ze yena abe ezamana neendlela zokusinda/ ukuzindisaa abanye abantu. 29

IV. Impixano ephakathi komntu netekhnoloji: o Umlinganiswa ulwa neemiba yetekhnoloji. Mhlawumbi zisetyenziselwa unyoluko norhwaphilizo okanye njengezixhobo ezizisa intshabalaliso eluntwini. 3.7.1.2 Impixano yangaphakathi: • Apha umlinganiswa ulwa nomphefumlo wakhe, akukho konwaba. • Kukho ukubethabethana kwezimvo zomlinganiswa. • Ngenxa yokujaceka komphefumlo umlinganiswa maxa wambi uthanda ukuba likheswa. • Ngenxa yeengcinga ezimongameleyo wumbi ude athethe yedwa ekhupha imbilini ngoko kukrekretha umphefumlo wakhe. 3.7.2 Impixano yangaphakathi ngokwasebalini Imizekelo ngokuqhubek a ebalini Kule drama ithi, “Buzani kuBawo” nantsi eminye yimizekelo yempixano yangaphakathi: • UGugulethu uxheleke ngaphakathi yindlela uyise anyanzelisa ngayo ide lempixano imenze ngathi ushiywa zingqondo, kuba siva ethetha yedwa ngenxa yoxinzelelo olusengqondweni. Ubonakala okomntu ophambanayo. Mve xa ephindaphinda amazwi athi ‘Limkile ilanga limkile ilanga … wena ungowam…buzani kubawo. Uyazula uphatha kungqubeka emnyango abuye aphindele entla ngenxa yomvandedwa (p.69). UZweni xa eyokukhangela uGugulethu ufika ezula endlwini ethetha amazwi amanye athi “Buzani Kubawo”, engabunanzanga ubukho bukaZweni engathi akamboni. Umbhali uthi uMzamo ongumhlobo wakhe uphela sele emoyika ngoku kuba ebesele engamazi kwaMzamo lowo nokuba ngubani. • ENgcolosi uNomaMpondomise unempixano yangaphakathi emva kokufumana ileta evela kuGugulethu, akazi nokuba asikhabe na isicelo sikaGugulethu okanye akhuphe iinkomo zikaMcunukelwa. Eleteni uNomaMpondomise uyamxelela uGugulethu ukuba nangona ebebhideke ingqondo kodwa usithathile isigqibo sokuzikhupha iinkomo zikaMcunukelwa amkele ezakwaZilindile kuloGugulethu ukutsho. Simva eleteni esithi “Nditsho ndamelwa yingqondo ubusuku bonke ukufumana kwam ileta yakho, ndicinga eyona nto mandiyenze” • UThobeka uxheleke umphefumlo yinto ayenziwa ngabazali bakhe yokumtshatisa noGugulethu angamqhelanga uthi akubuzwa imibuzo emininzi nguGugulethu akufika eMthatha intliziyo yakhe ibe lihlwili. Simbona ethetha yedwa ngenxa yabazali bakhe abamfaka entlungwini ekunzima ukuba azikhuphe kuyo. UThobeka wathobela abazali watshata uGugulethu. 30

3.7.3 Impixano yangaphandle ngokwasebalini Imizekelo ngokuqhubeka ebalini Kule drama ithi, “Buzani kuBawo” nantsi eminye yimizekelo yempixano yangaphandle: • Phakathi kwaZwilakhe namaHlubi ngeli xesha abize aMahlubi ukuza kuthetha ngomcimbi wokuzeka kukaGugulethu. • Phakathi kukaGugulethu notata wakhe uZwilakhe, ngeli xesha uGugulethu ebuza kutata wakhe uba wayetheni ngokufunzwa. • Mve uGugulethu xa esithi kuyise “ixoki lona sewuzenze lona ngokuthi andintanga yakufunzwa utsho undimele ngecephe undifunza…Ngala mazwi uGugulethu uphendula uyise kwintetho yakhe ethi ‘mdala kwaye akazanga waxoka engazanga waba lilo newexuwexu • Phakathi kukaZwilakhe noMzamo xa uMzamo embonisa ukuba makamyeke unyana atshate umntu amthandayo. • UZwilakhe uphendula uMzamo ngelithi ngoku uze kumxelela into amakayenze, makajonge indawo yakhe uMzamo, makangathi akwenzelwa imbeko ayone kungenjalo uya kuphuma ngomva kule ndlu yakhe yena Zwilakhe. • UMzamo uqwela ngelishwabulayo esithi isala kutyelwa sibona ngolophu, ke ngoko mabayilumkele le nto bayenzayo kungathi kanti iziqhamo zonyanzeliso lwabo luya kubetha bazisole bathi akwaba kube sekungekho mancedo sekukwabekile. uZwilakhe ushiyeka evutha ngumsindo ngenxa yala mazwi kaMzamo awatolika ngokuba abonisa ukugezelwa ngumntwana emzini wakhe • Phakathi kukaZwilakhe noZweni. Ngemini yokuba edibene amaHlubi ngeenjongo zokuba onyule abantu abaza kuya kwaMcothama. • Uthi akubuzwa uGugulethu ukuba ukhe wadibana na nentombi aphendule ngelithi makubuzwe kuyise. Uyise ubona kufanelekile ukuba kubuzwe kuye. • Uthi akumnqanda uZweni ngelithi uyayiloza, aphendule ngelithi uZwilakhe makuhanjwe ngobuyilo bakhe akukho nto nokuba uyayiloza. • Bayaxambulisana kwesi sithuba kuba uZweni ufuna ukuqonda ukuba xa kunjalo bube buyintoni ubukho babo xa bengena kumnqanda uZwilakhe nokuba bayambona ukuba uyalahleka. • UZwilakhe akaboni mpazamo kuba ulilisela ngelithi ubambe isiko. UZweni uyamgxeka uZwilakhe ngesi senzo, atsho emchazela ngeziphumo ezibi ezithi zenziwe ngumkhuba wokunyanzela umfana nentombi bengathandani. • Utsho emnika imizekelo yokuba ngamanye amaxesha kubakho abantwana abangengobomyeni, ngamanye amaxesha kuquqwe ezinkundleni zamatyala, kuphume izidumbu. • Uqwela ngokulumkisa uZwilakhe ngelithi abogawula ebheka. UZwilakhe uvaleke iindlebe akaziva ezi zilumkiso zikaZweni kuba usithela ngelithi ubambe isiko ngelo xesha uphenjelelwe nguMaGaba. • UMthetho naye woleka kwintetho kaZweni ekwalumkisa uZwilakhe ngelithi umntu ongamameliyo uyazisola ekugqibeleni (isala kutyelwa sibona ngolophu) Elokuqwela 31

kule ngxabano yamaHlubi uZweni uyazihlamba ezakhe izandla uthi akasayi kuba yinxalenye yeli sikizi lokunyanzelwa kukaGugleethu ngentombi angayithandiyo, atsho ebashiya apho. Umsebenzi 1: Fakela amagama ashiyiweyo kule nkcaza ingenzantsi: a. Ndifunde ukuba impixano idalwa: ……………………………………………………. b. Ngesivakalisi esinye ndingathi impixano yangaphakathi yahluka kweyangaphandle ngokuba yona:………………………………………………………… c. Kule drama ndiyifundayo ndingathi udidi lwempixano yangaphandle yephakathi komntu n………………………………………kuba abalinganiswa abangquzulanayo ngu………………………………………………no………………………………………… d. Impixano kule drama ibangelwe kuku…………………………………………………………………………………….. e. Ukuba umlinganiswa ongu….nongu…bebengekho kweli bali ngeyingeyingekho impixano kuba:…………………………………………………………………………. f. Impixano iphele ngokuba kusuke kwenzeke (xela isiganeko esenzekileyo)………………………………………………………………………………. 32

3.8 ABALINGANISWA Iindidi zabalinganiswa Osicaba vs Ongqukuva Ongaguqukiyo vs Oguqukayo Oyintloko Umchasi Igorha vs olitshijolo abanye abalinganiswa Iimpawu zabalinganiswa Ubuntu Inkcazo yomzimba Isimilo Ingxoxo Ingcinga Indlela aziphethe ngayo kwabanye Izenzo Isimo sovakalelo Iindlela zokuzotywa kwabalinganiswa: Uzobo ngqo Uzobo mayana Abalinganiswa ngabantu abasetyenziswa okanye babunjwe ngumbhali ukuphuhlisa umxholo abhala ngawo. Idrama ngumdlalo ngabalinganiswa. Ubanika izimo ezithile nezithi maxa wambi zitolikwe nangamagama abanika wona. Izimo zabo zenza babe nokuqhubela umdlalo phambili bedandalazisa imfihlakalo yeengcinga zombhali. Nolwaluphi uhlobo lwebali likhumbuleka ngabalinganiswa balo. Loo nto iyodwa nje ibonisa ubuntsika bomlinganiswa ebalini. Umlinganiswa oyintloko (lo ungqongwe ziziganeko okanye ungumsunguli wezinto) nguye umakhi. Nguye kaloku owenza izinto zibonwe ngamehlo, ziviwe ngeendlebe ebalini. Nguye oqweqwedisa ibali nomchasi wakhe. (Umchasi ngulowo usoloko esenza okanye ethetha izinto eziphikisana nezomlinganiswa oyintloko). Le nto yenza ukuba ibali libe nobomi. Abalinganiswa bazotywa ngokuthi sazi izinto abazithethayo, abazenzayo nezinto ezithethwa ngabanye ngabo. 33

IINDIDI ZABALINGANISWA NGOKWEENDIMA ABAZIDLALAYO ENCWADINI 3.8.1 Umlinganiswa oyintloko (protagonist) • Ngulo mlinganiswa ungqongwe ziziganeko ukusuka ekuqaleni kwebali lide liye kuphela. • Ungumsunguli weziganeko ezehlayo ebalini. • Wenziwa akholeleke- umela injongo ethile okanye okulungileyo. • Iziganeko zehla ngenxa yakhe /zingqonge yena/ zithandeleke kuye nokuba akakho isiganeko singaye. • Ngulo ubangela ukuba ibali liqhubele phambili. • Unqwenela into, kubekho imiqobo ebangela ukuba iphumelele luzizi/ ingaphumeleli. • Ubanenjongo afuna ukuyifezekisa. • Wenza iinzame zokufumana le nto ayifunayo. • Uxolele ukujinga iliso kunokuba angayifumani into ayifunayo, kungade kube kho inyhikityha yokufa kwabantu abangenasono ngenxa yakhe. • Unento ayixabisileyo ebaluleke kakhulu ebomini bakhe. • Uyohlwaywe ngesenzo sakhe. Umsebenzi Sebenzisa iimpawu zomlinganiswa oyintloko, ugcwalisa le theyibhile ingezantsi. Bonisa ngokubeka [ √ ] ukuba uphawu luyalunga kumlinganiswa kwezi zikule theyibhile. Xhasa impendulo yakho ngobungqina obucaphule encwadini. 34

Uphawu Gugulethu Ubungqina Zwilakhe Ubungqina obuxhasayo obuxhasayo Ngulo mlinganiswa ungqongwe ziziganeko ukusuka ekuqaleni kwebali lide liye kuphela. Ungumsunguli weziganeko ezehlayo ebalini. Wenziwa akholeleke- umela injongo ethile. Iziganeko zehla ngenxa yakhe /zingqonge yena/ zithandeleke kuye nokuba akakho isiganeko singaye. Ubangela ukuba ibali liqhubele phambili. Unqwenela into, kubekho imiqobo ebangela ukuba iphumelele luzizi/ ingaphumeleli. Uba nenjongo afuna ukuyifezekisa. Wenza iinzame zokufumana le nto ayifunayo. Uxolele ukujinga iliso, kungade kube kho inyhikityha yokufa kwabantu abangenasono ngenxa yakhe. Unento ayixabisileyo ebaluleke kakhulu ebomini bakhe. Uyohlwaywa ngesenzo sakhe. 3.8.2 Umlinganiswa ongumchasi (antagonist) • Lo ngulo mlinganiswa uchasana nomlinganiswa oyintloko. • Unokuchasana naye ngezimvo okanye ngezenzo. • Ngumlinganiswa ongumqobo kwiinjongo zoyintloko. • Nguye ophazamisekayo kwinyathelo elithatyathwa ngoyintloko. • Uhlalele ukusokolisa lo uyintloko / usoloko echasene / ephikisana nomlinganiswa oyintloko. • Amandla akhe athanda ukulingana nala walo uyintloko, uneempawu ezifanayo nezomlinganiswa oyintloko ukuze avelise okanye akhule / kukhule / kutyhileke oyintloko. • Ulenza ibali lisoloko lihambela phambili ngokuba abengumqobo endleleni yomlinganiswa oyintloko yokufumana oko akufunayo / akulwelayo. • Amaxesha amaninzi abalwi ngazigalo aba balinganiswa babini koko balwa ngeenjongo, ngeentetha nangeminqweno. 3.8.3 Umlinganiswa onguvalithuba 35

• Ngumlinganiswa othi gqi eze kwenza oko kuthile aphinde anyamalale. • Udla ngokuba sicaba kuba unophawu oluthile olunye alusebenzisayo umzekelo ukuba unolwimi uba njalo ke. Khawucinge ngendima edlalwa ngaba balinganiswa. 3.8.4 Umlinganiswa ongummeli-ntlobo. • Lo umlinganiswa umele uhlobo oluthile, umzekelo ipolisa limele umthetho. IINDIDI ZABALINGANISWA NGOKWEENDLELA ABABUNJWE NGAYO 3.8.5 Umlinganiswa osicaba (flat character) • Ngulo kuvela icala elinye kuphela kwisimo sakhe, nokuba lihle nokuba libi, liya kuba njalo ke kude kuphele ibali. Aba ke abanguwo umzekelo wabantu abaphilayo kuba akakho umntu onecala elinye kungekho mntu uyinto enye ebomini. Imizekelo ngokuqhube ka ebalini o Apha kule ncwadi sinabalinganiswa abasicaba abafana noZweni noThobeka. o UZweni liqale ibali engayithandi into embi, esithi kuZwilakhe makayeke ukuphephela ngesiko ngumkhuba lo afuna ukuwenza kunyana wakhe wokumnyanzela ngomntu omakamtshate, esithi phofu ayingomkhuba ngamanyala. o UZweni wazikhupha kuloo nto lide laphela ibali engekabuyeli kubantakwabo. o UThobeka naye usicaba kuba umbhali umzobe njengomntu othuleyo othobela imithetho yabantu abadala. o Uye watshatiswa ngenkani nendoda angayifuniyo naye eyibona ukuba ayimfuni kodwa wahlala emzini, wade waba nabantwana abangengabomyeni. o Uyaphinda uyavuma ukuya kuGugulethu emva kweminyaka elishumi elinesibini indoda yamshiyayo phofu uya nabantwana engengabomyeni. o UThobeka ubulewe ngendlela emasikizi ngenxa yokuthobela abantu abadala. 36

3.8.6 Umlinganiswa ongqukuva (round character) • Ngulo kuvela amacala amabini kwisimo sakhe, icala elihle kunye nelibi. • Sifunda lukhulu ngalo mlinganiswa kuba ungumzekelo womntu ophilayo (umntu- gqibi). Kaloku wonke umntu uba nazo iimpazamo azenzayo ebomini. Imizekelo ngokuqhubek a ebalini o Apha kule ncwadi uGugulethu kunye noZwilakhe bangqukuva. o UGugulethu ngumlinganiswa ongqukuva kuba ebekhula emamela abazali bakhe, kodwa uthe esakunyanzelwa ngomfazi angamfuniyo waqala watshintsha kwisimo sakhe. o Wala ukutshata uThobeka, wathi sele esecaweni akavuma ukwenza izibhambathiso zomtshato, akasayina esithi wonzakele. o Buye baphela ubuntu kuye kwavela inkohlakalo, siyeva indlela awabulala ngayo uThobeka nabantwana bakhe. o UZwilakhe naye ngumlinganiswa ongqukuva kuba liqala liqhube ibali eneenkani, kodwa ekugqibeleni simva eguquka kwizenzo zakhe ngokuthi azisole ngokunyanzelisa uGugulethu engafuni kutshata nentombi angayithandiyo. Avume iimpazamo nobuyatha bakhe. 3.8.7 Ukuzotywa kwabalinganiswa • Umbhali kulo mba uza kwenza nje umqhoqhozwana omfutshane, ethabatha usingaye ngokwakhe. Iingcali zoncwadi ziyasixelela ukuba: o Umbhali usenokubatyhila ngqo ngokwakhe abalinganiswa bakhe. o Umlinganiswa usengazibonakalisa into ayiyo ngezimbo nangentetho yakhe; o Isimilo somlinganiswa sisenokuphuhliswa nangabanye abalinganiswa. 3.8.8 IINDLELA ZOKUZOTYWA KWABALINGANISWA 37

3.8.8.1 Indlela engqalileyo/ uzobo ngqo Kuxa isimo/ubunjani bomlinganiswa buxelwa ngokuphandle kusetyenziswa amagama angafihlakalanga: Umzekelo: • Apha sixelelwa phandle ukuba umlinganiswa uluhlobo luni na: • Umbhali unokuyenza ngokwakhe le nto, kungenjalo ijelo lakhe lokwenza le nto libe ngomnye kubalinganiswa bakhe: • Kusenganikwa iinkcukacha zomlinganiswa umzekelo; igama lakhe, inkcazelo ngobude bomzimba/ isinxibo sakhe/ ubudala bakhe: 3.8.8.2 Indlela engangqalanga/ uzobo mayana Kuxa isimo/ubunjani bomlinganiswa buxelwa ngokufihlakeleyo (kusetyenziswa amagama anentsingiselo efihlakaleyo) ze kufuneka ukuba wena mfundi wencwdi ucinge ngakuthethayo/ngentsingiselo yawo: Umzekelo: • Njengoko igama lizichaza, le yindlela engangqalanga ayisebenzisayo umbalisi abaziveza ngayo abalinganiswa. • Thina ke bafundi bebali sisebenzisa iingqondo zethu ukuhlumisa oku kudluliswa ngumbhali ngeendlela ezimayana. • Njengokubaxoxisa/ ukubenza bangene kwiingxoxo ngomba othile. • Unako ukusikrobisa kwiingcingane zabo okanye iimvakalelo zabo: “Ukususela izolo andinguye lowa Gugulethu umaziyo, ndimntu wumbi.” (UGugulethu uthetha noMzamo). • Unako ukusikrobisa kwizinto ezithethwa ngabanye ngaye/ okanye indlela izenzo zakhe ezibonwa ngayo ngabanye, kodwa oko ebekubeka ngendlela efihlakeleyo: “Madoda , ngumfo kabawo lo ndiyamazi ndikhula naye, etshilo nje utshilo ndifungi uNototba”. (UNyaniso uxela uZwilakhe). • Ubenza bazipele/bazibonakalise ngokwabo izimo zabo ngezenzo, ngeentetho: “Mna zinkosi andikhathali nokuba umntu uchasa ade alale ngomqolo phantsi, ndifuna intombi kaMcothama ize kurhuqa amajalimani kule nkundla nokuba sekumnyam’ entla.” (UMaGaba). • Ngamagama abathiya wona- njalo njalo: Umzekelo: Igama likaZwilakhe/elikaThobeka 38

Umsebenzi Tshatisa udidi lozobo oluKholam B nenkcazelo ekuKholam A, uze unike isizathu sempendulo yakho kuKholam C. Kholam A Kholam B Kholam C a. Apha kwaba bafana (i) Uzobo baseZazulwana olungathanga ngqo andikholwa ukuba ukho umfana odlula uGugulethu ngokubeka abazali. b. Wasoloko uzimisele (ii) Uzobo oluthe ngqo ukukhe undintlake kuqala. (uMaGaba kuZwilakhe) 39

3.9 INGXOXO, INTSHUKUMO NEZALATHISO ZEQONGA 3.9.1 INGXOXO Ingxoxo yintetho ethi ibekho phakathi kwabantu ababini nangaphezulu. Abo bantu ke baxoxa ngeenyewe ezibaphazamisayo ebomini babo. Loo nto yenza ukuba sikwazi ukumfunda umlinganiswa ukuba ungumntu onjani. Umntu umfunda ngcono ngamazwi aphuma emlonyeni wakhe, ukanti nabanye xa bethetha ngomnye umlinganiswa. Kuloo ncoko buyadula ubunjani baloo mlinganiswa nokuthethwa ngaye. • Ingxoxo yomntu omnye: Umlinganiswa uyakwazi ukuma eqongeni azithethele eyedwa ephalaza imbilini yakhe, omnye abonakaliswe ethandaza. Siyibona kakhulu kweli bali kumlinganiswa onguGugulethu kanti nakuThobeka ezithandazela, ethandazela nabantwana bakhe. Umlinganiswa uyazithethela yedwa ecaleni eveza oko akucingayo. (soliloquy) Yintetho ende. Athethe yedwa ejolise ebantwini (monologue) • Ingxoxo yabantu ababini nangaphezulu: Apha kulapho kuxoxa abantu ngabantu bemana ukunikana amathuba. Isenokuba yincoko okanye luxambuliswano • Bucala (An aside): Umlinganiswa uyakwazi ukuthi ngoku enabanye eqongeni athethe yedwa ukuze angaviwa ngabanye. Kumaxa amaninzi sukube evakalisa imvakalelo yakhe okanye ephumisela iingcinga zakhe ngaphandle. 3.9.1.1 Mayibe njani ingxoxo? • Mayibe yeyokwenyani njengeentetho zabantu bemihla ngemihla. • Mayiveze isimo sentlalo esiza kukhokelela ekukhuleni kwebali. • Mayiveze isimo sabalinganiswa. • Isantya esisetyenziswayo kwingxoxo masifanele abalinganiswa, sicothe kwabadala sikhawuleze kulutsha. • Mayizobe imeko ecace gca nefanela uhlobo lwedrama olo umz: elusizi -trajedi, eyonwabileyo-Ikhomedi • Ingxoxo mayinxulumane nesakhiwo sebali. • Mayikwazi ukuveza ithoni nemvakalelo yombhali esebenzisa abalinganiswa. • Ingxoxo mayiveze umxholo webali. 3.9.1.2 Ingxoxo yentlekele • Idala ukhwankqiso inobunzithinzithi, abalinganiswa basebenzisa amagama achukumisayo, adlwengul’ umxhelo. 3.9.1.3 Ingxoxo yesiyolisi • Ikhaphukhaphu kuyaqhulwana, kuyahlekisa, konwatyiwe 40

3.9.2 INTSHUKUMO • Umdlalo ngumdlalo ngentshukumo. Intshukumo asikokuhambisa amalungu omzimba ngokusuka kwenye indawo uye kwenye. Umntu uyakwazi ukuyenza intshukumo ngokucimela, ukunikina intloko, ukuphakamisa isandla njalo-njalo. Intshukumo kukujikajika ulusu xa umntu ebonisa ukucinga, ukothuka, ukucaphuka, ukuvuya. Intetho yabo mayifane nabo, ibe krwada kokrwada, ilulame kolulamileyo njalonjalo. • Nazi iindidi zentshukumo: 3.9.2.1 Intshukumo ebonakalayo-xa kusenziwa umdlalo siwubukele umz: ecimela/ enikina intloko 3.9.2.2 Intshukumo echazwayo- xa sifunda incwadi kwizalathisi zeqonga umz: ethwala izandla entloko 3.9.2.3 Evakalayo-kunomathotholo umz: siva isandi sokukhala • Umsebenzi wentshukumo: o Ityhila isimo somlinganiswa, iveza ubunjani bakhe, ityhila izenzo zomlinganiswa, impixano yangaphandle/ ngaphakathi. 3.9.3 IZALATHISI ZEQONGA Ngamagama abhalwe ngefonti ekekeleyo kwizibiyeli. Yonke imiboniso iqala ngezalathisi zeqonga. Izalathisi zeqonga ezalatha omakwenziwe ngabalinganiswa ngamazwi, ngeentetha ukushukuma komzimba ukuphuhlisa imvakalelo ethile, konke oko kudala intshukumo yebali. Umsebenzi wazo • Kukuveza imbonakalo nemo yemvakalelo yabalinganiswa, nokuza kwenzeka kweso sahluko. • Iveza isimo sentlalo. Umz Indawo eliqhubeka kuyo ibali, Zinika ixesha, ixesha leveki/ lemini/ nemini/ umhla wokuqhubeka kwesiganeko • Kukuchaza iziganeko okanye iintshukumo ezingenakuvela eqongeni. • Kukunika ababukeli ulwazi ngokuqhubekayo nokuza kuqhubeka kulo mboniso (update). • Zinika umyalelo weqonga, • Zichaza intshukumo yabalinganiswa xa kukho into evelayo emalunga neemeko abakuzo abalinganiswa, • Iinkcukacha malunga nabalinganiswa abathabatha inxaxheba kulo mboniso • Zinika umkhombandlela wento eza kwenzeka, • Ichaza isiganeko okanye intshukumo. 41

3.10 UMXHOLO Umxholo wale ncwadi ungokunyanzeliswa kwesiko lokubonela eliphelelwe lixesha. • Lo nguwona mcamango ungumongo/uphambili wenze umbhali wathatha usiba lwakhe waba uyabhala. • Yingcinga engundoqo edibanisa yonke into ethethwayo. • Yile nto kuthethwa ngayo/ isihlahla sebali, ifana negwele. • Kwaphaya ekuqaleni kwebali ngumxholo othi uqingqe ingxaki ekhoyo nokwandlalwa kwayo. • Le ngcinga ilithungela ilityhutyhe lonke ibali ukusuka kwingabula zigcawu ukuya kwisiphelo. • Umxholo uphuhliswa ngabalinganiswa ngendlela ababunjwe ngayo/ngokokusetyenziswa kwabo. • Umxholo ukhatshwa yimpixano ukuze ibali liqhubeke utsala nomdla. • Xa ufuna umxholo uzibuza le mibuzo ilandelayo: • Eli bali lityhila ntoni ngobomi jikelele? • Sibaluleke ngantoni isihloko salo? • Ingaba umlinganiswa oyintloko/ ophambili uyatshintsha apha ebalini okanye unesifundo asifundileyo? • Mbono zini ezimkhuthazayo/ ezimtyhafisayo umlinganiswa oyintloko? • Sibe yintoni isiphumo seengcinga neendlela ahlangabezene ngayo neemeko ezimkhathazayo/ eziyimiqobo? • Zibe yintoni iziphumo zezenzo zakhe kubomi bakhe? • Ubefuna ukusixelela ntoni ke umbhali ngencwadi yakhe? • Umbhali angawuphuhlisa ngeentetho, izenzo, izinxibo neenkolo zabalinganiswa. • Umxholo ukhatshwa yimpixano ukuze ibali liqhubeke ukutsala umdla. 42

1. Ubuhlobo benene Ubuhlobo obuphakathi kukaGugulethu kunye noMzamo. Bubonakala nangexesha UGugulethu egxekwa nguSicelo akasazi isizathu sokuba afune ukugqitha ilizwi labazali. Uthi uMzamo xa ephendula uSicelo “Apha kwaba bafana baseZazulwana andikholwa ukuba ukho umfana odlula uGugulethu ngokubeka abazali; kodwa kwinto enjengale ndimgxeka ndingamgxeki, kwaye nabazali bakhe ndiyabahlaba kakhulu. Ingqina laloo nto yokuba lo mfana ubahlonele abazali bakhe uzinyanzele weza ecaweni, into leyo ebingeze yenziwa ngomnye umntu; nditsho nawe ubungeze wayenza.” Noobawokazi bakaGugulethu babhenela kuMzamo bakuqaphela ukuba noko uGugulethu wohlukana nengqondo yakhe ngenxa yeenkani zikayise. Kulula kuGugulethu ukuziphalaz’imbilini kuMzamo ode wazinika nenxaxheba yokuya kuZwilakhe. Uphinda uMzamo azibonakalise ukuba ngumhlobo wenene ngokuya kubazali bakhe akumbona noko engemhlanga naxa nje ephoxwa ngabazali bakaGugulethu, de athi uZwilakhe uyoniwa yimbeko. 2. Uthando 2.1 Uthando olunyanisekileyo Uthando lukaGugulethu kuNomaMpondomise lunyanisekile. Wamthanda iminyaka emithathu besesesikolweni usamthanda nangoku. Nangeli xesha anyanzelwa ngoThobeka akagungqi ekuthandeni UNomaMpondomise. Oku uyakubonakalisa gca ngokungawuphenduli umbuzo kamfundisi othi uyayaithabatha na le ntombazana abe exela uThobeka. Uphinda akafuni kutyikitya azibophelele kuThobeka. Akubhubha UNomampondomise uyamzilela futhi uyithetha phandle ukuba uzilele umfazi wakhe ongcwatyelwe phezu komlambo uMtata. Umthela nqa noThobeka xa efika eMthatha eze kuye, ude athi” Uze kum ndingubani, ndiyintoni kuwe” 2.2 Uthando olunyanzelweyo Uthando asinto yakhe yanyanzelwa, yinto esuka entliziyweni yomntu. Lwakunyanzelwa uthando kuye kubekho iziphumo ezibi ezibangwa lunxinzelelo lwengqondo njengoko kwenzekile kuGugulethu. Umntu ophazamiseke engqondweni ubonakalisa imikhwa engaqhelekanga, uthetha yedwa, omnye uye abengumbulali kanti ke omnye uyaphambana. 3. Ukululama okugqithisileyo 44

Ukululama kukaThobeka kugqithisile kukho okumenza abe lixhoba lokubulawa nguGugulethu.Utshatela kuGugulethu angazange athethe nokuthetha naye ngenxa yabazali. Okoko watshata uGugulethu wamshiya apho waya kuhlala eMthatah kodwa uyahlala emzini ade azale nokuzala. Uphinda avume ukuthunyelwa kuGugulethu nguZwilakhe noMaGaba nabantwana abangengobakaGugulethu. 4. Ukumel’inyaniso UZweni uyayimela inyaniso mve xa enqanda uZwilakhe kumcimbi wokunyanzela unyana wakhe ngentombi angayifuniyo. Mve xa esithi “Uyayibona ke le nto Rhadebe? Uyayibona into yokuba lo mntwana ungxamele ukwahlukana nengqondo yakhe ngenxa kayise ophike ngeenkani esithi ulandela isiko? Kuthiwe ke mna mandifake isandla kwinto elolu hlobo, nakanye! Andicingi. Ntonje ndiza kuthi kuwe Mthetho, nqandani madoda, nqandani. Lisikizi eli nqandani. Iya engozini le nto ukuba aniqondi” 5. Ukwamkela imeko okuyo Kule mihla siphila kuyo akululanga ukwamkela, ingakumbi amadoda awayamkeli into yokwaliwa. Amaxesha amaninzi ithi indoda yakwaliwa imbulale lowo wasetyhini ungasayifuniyo. Kule ncwadi sibona umzekelo omhle, uMcunukelwa ukwamkela ukulahlwa kwakhe nguNomampondomise nangona kungemnandanga. Ube ngacenga ezityand’igila ngobuhlungu akubo eshwabula ayajika intombi kaLangeni. Zange enze nto imbi koko wamkela kubuhlungu kunjalo. 3.12 UMONGO • Umongo yingqokelela yazo zonke iziganeko athetha ngazo umbhali. • Ingqokelela emfutshane yamanqaku abalulekileyo ahlalutywayo/axoxwayo ebalini. • Iqala phaya kwimpixano okanye kwingxaki le ibekiweyo, ihambe iye kuphuma kwisisombululo sezo ngxaki. • Amaxesha maninzi abantu bayibiza ngokuba libali. • Izenzo ebalini zixhomekeke kubalinganiswa. • Iinkcukacha zomongo zidibene. 3.13 UMYALEZO 45

• Kubalulekile ukuba kuthi tha ukuba umbhali uthi masithini ngoku akubhalileyo. • Mamela ukuba uthunywa ntoni. • Impendulo mayibe sisivakalisi esipheleleyo. 3.13.1 Ufikelela njani kumyalezo? • Thatha umlinganiswa ophambili- umchasi okanye umlinganiswa oyintloko. • Mpazamo zini azenzileyo? Zalungiswa ziziphi izenzo? • Yamkelekile impendulo yalo mbuzo eqala ngolu hlobo; “Umbhali uthi musa uku…. uba ngokwenza oko unga….” Omnye angathi umyalezo uthi, “Kulumkele uku…. kuba ungangena kwingxaki ethile. 3.13.2 Kungakho imfuneko yokuxhasa le mpendulo uyinikileyo. Xa kufunwa uzixhase yayama kwizenzo zalowo ubemele oko ukufundileyo. Qaphela: kukho ukumelana kwimfundiso nomyalezo kodwa asinto inye. Esi sisifundo osifunde wakuba ufunde eli bali okanye loo mxholwana/ wakuba ubukele izenzo ezinempumelelo okanye ezingenampumelelo zomlinganiswa othile/ izenzo neziphumo zazo kumlinganiswa othile. Impendulo ngemfundiso ingabekwa ngolu hlobo: Ndifunde ukuba ‘Akulunganga uku.../ Kulungile uku…’. 3.14 IMFUNDISO • Kukho ukumelana kwimfundiso nomyalezo kodwa ayonto inye. • Ingabekwa ngolu hlobo: • (Ndifunde ukuba) 46

3.15 ULWIMI NESIMBO Enye yezizathu zokufunda uncwadi kukwenza ukuba abafundi baxhinele ukusebenzisa ulwimi olukhethekileyo nolucokisekileyo, izafobe, isimboli nentsingiselo kokuza kufundwa. Oku kuquka uhlalutyo lwesimbo sokubhala. Isimbo yindlela umbhali awubeka ngayo umcimbi wakhe phambi kwabafundi. Ababhali banezimbo zabo zokubhala, iindlela zabo zokubhala, ezikhethekileyo kubo. Isimbo sombhali senziwe yimiba eliqela equka: • Ukuchongwa kwamagama. • Ukusetyenziswa kwemifanekiso-ngqondweni. • Ukusetyenziswa kwemiqondiso. Umbhali apha kweli bali usebenzise uthotho lwezafobe ukunonga ulwimi lwakhe ukuze umntu abenomfanekiso ngqondweni walo nto kuthethwa ngayo. Ukuthatha akubeke kulo ndawo kwenzeka kuyo ibali. Uzibona nawe uyinxalenye yabalinganiswa abasencwadini. Mve xa esebenzisa uMcunukelwa ukuphuhlisa isakhono sakhe sobugcisa bolwimi, uthi kuNomaMpondomise kungathi kanti ulahla imbo yakhe ngophoyiyana, kanti yena uZweni uthe kuZwilakhe aze alumke athi egawula abe ebheka. Umbhali abalinganiswa bakhe ubenze baxube isingesi xa bethetha ukuqaqambisa ifuthe laseNtshona into ebonisa ukuba banesikolo. Umbhali uphum’ izandla ekuzobeni imifanekiso ntelekelelo ngezikhokelo zakhe zeqonga kuba uyithatha ingqondo yethu ayibeke kuloo ndawo athetha ngayo okanye sibe ngathi siyayibona loo nto kuthethwa ngayo ngenxa yendlela ayalela ngayo ukuba mabenze okanye babonakale bekhangeleka ngayo abalinganiswa bakhe. UTamsanqa unobuchule obumangalisayo ekubekeni izinto malunga nobomi obabuphilwa ngexesha lamandulo kwa indlela ayibeka ngayo ithi idlwengule umxhelo kumfundi. 47

uGugulethu xa athi, 'Love is not love when alters when it finds alteration....' xa acacisela uNomaMpondomise ngothando lokwenyani. o Ubukho betrongo neenkundla zesilungu: UNomaMpondomise umangala kwinkudla yesilungu ehamba ngokomthetho waseNtshona. o • Indawo njengesolotya lesimo sentlalo: Yile ndawo ibali liqhubeka kuyo, isenokuba yilali, yidolophu, yifama, yilokishi, njalo njalo. Inokubizwa ngegama okanye ivele ngokuthi kukhankanywe imiba nezinto ezithile ezinjengezakhiwo, okungaphakathi kuzo, nezinto ezenziwa ngabalinganiswa, njalo njalo. o Ibali liqhubeka ezilalini nasedolophini kunye nasedolophini: Ezilalini liqhubeka ezilalini zakwaBhaca. Eli bali liqala eGcuwa eZazulwana kwaZwilakhe apho siva ukuba uNozipho uhleli yedwa kwindlu enomsi kuyacaca ukuba kuse zilalini nyani apho kubaswa phantsi xa kuphekwa. • Ubungqina bokuba liqhubeka ezilalini, bobu bokuba abalinganiswa bafuyile, iinkomo neehagu. Kuhanjwa ngamahashe. • Edolophini liqhubeka edolophini eMthatha. Apho asebenza khona uGugulethu. Kulapho azibambisa khona emva kokubulala uThobeka. • Iimeko zentlalo abaphila phantsi kwazo abalinganiswa: o Abalinganiswa ikakhulu ngabantu abanezinto zabo, kufuyiwe: o Kulotyolwa ngeenkomo ezihamba ngamanqina: • Inkolo neenkolelo o Abalinganiswa balandela inkolo yobuKrestu: o Bakholelwa kwizinto zesiNtu, abasadla ngendeb’ endala: 49

4.3.6 Umboniso wesi-6 KukwaLangeni kuloNomampondomise, ekuseni ooNozulu baphuthume iinkomo zabo.Babonwa bethe nqwadalala ngasebuhlanti.Uyothuka uLangeni, utata kaNomampondomise ukubabona ,ababuze ngobukho babo.Uyabacacisela ukuba bapha ngesindululo sentombi edibene nomfana yathi makuphuthunywe iinkomo zabo.Babemangalisekile kukubuza kukaLangeni becinga ukuba intombi ibikhe yathetha nabazali bayo kuqala.Indlela awacaphuka ngayo uLangeni yengathethekiyo, wayenga angamdla ngamazinyo uNomampondomise.Wabakhululela iinkomo zabo ebuhlungu, wayalela intombi yakhe ukuba mayizikhuphe ngokwayo ebuhlanti, akugqiba ahlawule iindleko zemali esele isetyenzisiwe ukubuyisa imali yabantu, emshiya namazwi abuhlungu athi usaya kumkhumbula ngenye imini. 4.4 INDIMA YESINE 4.4.1 Umboniso woku-1 Kulo mboniso kungamayeyeye eZazulwana kutshata uGugulethu Zilindile noThobeka Mcothama. Kubonakala ukuba uGuguglethu usibhijele ngelaphu elimhlophe esi sandla asisebenzisayo. Kusecaweni, umfundisi uyatshatisa uyalela uGugulethu ukuba alandele emva kwakhe athethe amazwi okuzibophelela. UGugulethu uye akaphendula okokuqala, wathi akuthundezwa ngumfundisi wathi makubuzwe kuyise. Waphikelela uGugulethu engayiphenduli into efunwa ngumfundisi esithi makubuzwe kuyise. Yamxaka ke le mpendulo umfundisi, waphela ebiza uZwilakhe uyise kaGugulethu. Kuzanywa ukuqondwa ngale mpendulo kaGugulethu ethi makubuzwe kubawo. Uthe UZwilakhe akubuzwa wathi umfundisi makaqhube, angayinanzi nganto yonke into eyenziwa nguGugulethu, kwaye enyanzela uGugulethu ukuba makathethe, aphendule umfundisi. Uthe akuqhubeka esala uGugulethu ukulandela emva komfundisi, umfundisi waguqukela ebantwini ababezizimase umtshato, wavakalisa uloyiko nonxunguphalo analo ngalo mtshato wesi sibini kodwa esithi kozenzekela (p.100) Wajika waguqukela kubatshati ebayala, wabanika namazwi athi` unombono awubonayo ngabo, kodwa akuzuwuthetha, akangomprofethi, nto nje into angayithethayo ingakumbi kuGugulethu, makangamvumeli uSathana adlale ngaye.UGugulethu uphele engafunanga kutyikitya , waphela etyikityelwa nguZwilakhe uyise.Waqaliswa ke uGugulethu yila nto yakhe yokungathi ushiywa ziingqondo, esithi` liza kududuma, labe ilizwi lakhe lisonyuka ngokonyuka.(p.101) Wacela umfundisi ukuba makathathwe amkiswe uGugulethu, wacela ukuthetha noZwilakhe ecaleni, bobabini.Kulapho waqala wachazela umfundisi ukuba le nto kaGugulethu iqale ngokuba bangavisisani ngentombi le ayitshatayo, kuba uGugulethu yena wayefuna ukuzibonela ethandwa nguye.Umfundisi wamlumkisa ngale nto ayenzileyo yokunyanzela unyana wakhe ngentombi angayithandiyo, embonisa ubungozi bayo kodwa nalapho uZwilakhe wanenkani. 60

4.4.2 Umboniso wesi-2 Kuphunywe ecaweni emva komtshato kaGugulethu noThobeka, abafana neentombi bayokudibana eketileni, kwindibano yabo. Kulapho ke konwatywa khona ziintombi nabafana bomtshato. UMzamo noSicelo bancokola ngemeko yomtshato kaGugulethu benomrhano wokuba abasoze bahlalelane abatshati, uSicelo esihlaba isenzo sikaGugulethu.UMzamo ucacisela uSicelo ukuba uGugulethu ebesethembise enye intombi ayithandayo ngomtshato. Bagqithele nakwezinye iincoko zabo zabafana, zokushiywa kukaMzamo entombini yakhe ngumfana osemncinci, uMvalo. Baye bayokudibana nabanye abafana neentombi kule ndlu kwakonwatywe kuyo. Kulapho ke baqala khona ukukwesana, abafana abadala kunye nabancinane, kukwesana nalapha ezingomeni. Oku kukwesana kwabangela ukuba kuxatyanwe abafana abadala nabancinci. Kwaphela uMzamo ehlatywa ngomnye waba bafana bancinane, uNimrod. UNimrod akazibonanga enze into engalunganga ngokubulala uMzamo, ude athi `ndiyibulel` inja`. Wakhathazeka uGugulethu wayinyama ngokusweleka kukaMzamo, waqala phantsi uGugulethu ukuba nomvandedwa, esithi kuyaduduma, kwaye ebuza oyena nobangela wayo yonke le nto yokufa kukaMzamo. 4.5 INDIMA YESIHLANU 4.5.1 Umboniso woku-1 KuseNgcolosi uNomampondomise uhleli nabazali bakhe. Kugqitha inkwenkwana ithengisa amaphepha-ndaba, uNomampondomise abe nomdla kwelinye lala maphephandaba, Imvo zabaNtsundu, atsalwe linqaku elithi` IINTO ZALO MHLABA NGAMAJINGIQHIWU`, alithenge. Esalifunda njalo kubonwe ngaye selahla iphepha, ekhala, ekhwaza esithi: Yho-o-o! Yho-o-o! Thixo, kazi ndingumntu oyintoni na? Yho-o- o! Yho-o-o! atsho ecela ukuxolelwa ngutata wakhe. Baye bamangaliseka abazali bakhe sesi sikhalo sakhe, bafuna ukuqonda ngakufunde ephepheni okumkhalisayo. Wolathisa umama wakhe eli nqakwana, ‘’Kungosizi ukuvakalisa ngokushiywa kwethu ngumfana kaXabendlini, uMzamo ngokuhlatywa ngemela xa bekutshata uGugulethu Zilindile. Mawuxole umzi wakwaMaduna nezihlobo ngulo mbiko, akuhlanga lungehlanga mzi wakwaNokhala.’’Eyona nto iye yabamangalisa abazali bakaNomaMpondomise kweli nqakwana yinto yokuba akho nto ibanxulumanisa nalo mntu usweleke apha. Baye bacinga ukuba makube ibe ngumfana wakhe kuba akakhange ayeke ukukhala nokucela uxolo kutata wakhe. 4.5.2 Umboniso wesi- 2 Kulo mboniso wesibini kukwapha kwaLangeni, kuloNomampondomise, uNomampondomise akade avuke, akukhangelwa akakho entangeni yakhe.Lo nto ibaphatha kakubi abazali bakhe kuba bamgqibele ngezolo ekhala,ecela ukuxolelwa nguyise.Wabe uManyawuza ecinga ukuba uNomampondomise uzibulele, wacela umyeni wakhe ukuba makahambe aye edolophini, kukhutshwe amapolisa amkhangele.Ufumana umkhondo uLangeni akufika emapoliseni wokuba ebeza kufowunelwa kakade kuba uyafuneka enkundleni ngengomso eMthatha, intombi yakhe kufunyaniswa ukuba isenkundleni eMthatha. ULangeni uye wacacisela ipolisa ngokuthe kwenzeka kwintombi yakhe uNomampondomise yakuba ifunde iphephandaba. Ukufika kwakhe eMthatha uLangeni noManyawuza bafika kuxoxwa ityala, uNomaMpondomise emangalele uGugulethu Zilindile ngokuthi ophule isithembiso ebemthembise ngaso sokumtshata, atshate enye intombazana. UNomampondomise ekuxoxweni kwetyala, uye wacela ukwangiwa 61

nguGugulethu, emcenga ngesiduko sakhe, evakalisa nento yokuba engasobe aphinde angiwe ngumntu oyindoda ebomini bakhe.Emva kokuba angiwe nguGugulethu wathi kugqityiwe, Wacela uxolo kutata wakhe, waxolelwa ngutata wakhe, uye wawa wayoba wakhutshelwa ngaphandle..Wavalelisa kubazali bakhe bobabini nakwiintombi ezazi ze kumamela ityala (p.119) UGugulethu wafunyaniswa enetyala elikhulu lokwaphula isithembiso, wagwetywa iinyanga ezintandathu esebenza nzima okanye amashumi amahlanu eeponti. Wasamkela isigwebo uGugulethu kodwa uZwilakhe wamhlawulela imali, emkhupha. Kusenjalo kungene ipolisa elithi nanku uNomampondomise uzeyelisele emlanjeni eMthatha, Wakhala uManyawuza unina, wawa phantsi wasweleka. UGugulethu naye wenza esakhe isimbonono ephinda phinda ukuthetha ingathi ushiywa ziingqondo (p.121) 4.6 INDIMA YESITHANDATHU 4.6.1 Umboniso woku-1 Kulo mboniso sifumana ukuba uGugulethu uneminyaka elishumi elinesibini engumhlali nomphangeli waseMthatha, akasagoduki utshiphile. Kufumaniseka ukuba le minyaka yonke unxiba iimpahla ezimnyama kuba uzilele umfazi wakhe uNomaMpondomise. Ufikelwe ngamawabo, uNyaniso noZweni, besithi bathunywe nguZwilakhe ukuba bezekumphuthuma. kuba ushiye umfazi kwaye impilo katata wakhe iyahexa. UGugulethu uphendula ngelithi owakhe umfazi nankuya phezu komlambo eMthatha kwaye akanaye umfazi. Uthe akubuzwa ngoobawokazi bakhe imibuzo eme kwinto ethi mababuze kuyise. Bayamcenga oobawokazi bakhe ukuba makabuyele ekhayeni nokuba uyokuvela nje aphinde abuye, angavuyisi umtyholi, kungade kwehle amanye amasikizi. Uyabaxelela uGugulethu ukuba lisaduduma alikadluli, isesisiqabu nje esi basibonayo yena akangeze abonwe apho. Baphinda bamkhumbuza ngomfazi wakhe, waphinda wabaxelela ebakhumbuza ukuba babekhona ematyaleni xa uNomampondomise wayesithi kugqityiwe, yindlela ababetshata ngayo leyo kuba naye Guguglethu wathi kugqityiwe. Akanaye omnye umfazi ngaphandle kwalowo. Boyisakala ke oobawokazi bakhe bamyeka. Wabalungiselela, wacela ukuba babambane ngezandla kuba esithi hleze bangabe baphinde balifumane ixesha lokubambana ngezandla njengoko wayetshilo ukuba lisaduduma. 4.6.2 Umboniso wesi-2 UMthetho noNyaniso babuyile eMthatha ekuphuthumeni uGugulethu, babuye ngaphandle kwakhe. UZwilakhe ufune ukuva ingxelo evela kuGugulethu (p.127) njengoko babuye bengahambi naye. Uthe yena akanaye umfazi. UZwilakhe uye waba nomsindo yingxelo abaza nayo, esithi uGugulethu uza kumondla umfazi wakhe ethanda engathandi, kwaye emthembisa ukuba uza kumfaka emthethweni yahlulwe imali yakhe nguRhulumente. Eyona nto aza kuyenza kuqala kukuthumela umfazi lo wakhe kuye eMthatha kuba udiniwe kukondla usapho lwenye indoda engakhathaliyo. Bamnqandile oobawokazi bakhe besithi uyayiqonda na ukuba aba bantwana ayingabo abakaGugulethu.Wanyanzelisa uZwilakhe esithi ityala likuGugulethu layo yonke into. UMthetho washiya uZwilakhe ngamazwi athi, qhuba mfo kabawo sova ngawe, batsho bamshiya. Endleleni ehambayo uNyaniso kunye noMthetho bashukuxa lo mcimbi wenkani kaZwilakhe wokungafuni ukumamela ukucetyiswa. Bayikrobele into yokuba oyena mntu uphembelela yonke le nto nguMagaba, inkosikazi kaZwilakhe. 62

4.6.3 Umboniso wesi-3 UZwilakhe uphele emthumela ngenkani uThobeka kunye nabantwana abathathu. Bafika kwelo khaya uGugulethu esempangelweni, baze bamkelwa lelinye ipolisa, uBaleni, okhaya liseLibode, eliphangela kunye noGugulethu. Kwincoko yakhe uBaleni kunye noThobeka oyinkosikazi kaGugulethu, wothuswa kukuva ukuba uGugulethu unomfazi kunye nabantwana, into angazange ayiphathe nokuyiphatha. Ekufikeni kwakhe uGugulethu endlini ufika sele kukho iindwendwe, uThobeka kunye nabantwana abathathu. Ufika sele engasabambeki, engxamile esithi uya kumboniso bhanya-bhanya oqala ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesxhenxe 7:30, kanti kuBaleni ugqithe esithi ungxamile ufuna ukuya kungqengqa. UBaleni wambuza ngomfazi nabantwana, waphika. Ufika endlini kukho uThobeka nabantwana abathathu, akakhange ababulise, upheke esophula uThobeka ngemibuzo, embuza ukuba uyaphi, kwaye ngabantwana bakabani aba. Zange akwazi ukumphendula. Uthe akungaphenduli uThobeka, waphuma uGugulethu wabashiya apho. Washiyeka uThobeka ethetha yedwa esola abazali bakhe, efixiza, elila (p.123) Wacinga ngokuba makathandaze (p.134) wathandaza. Emva komthandazo uBaleni wabaphathela ukutya, batya nabantwana bakhe. Bathi xa balalayo wafika uGugulethu, waphinda waqala ekuqaleni ngokumngcamabzisa uThobeka ngemibuzo, uthe yonke imibuzo uya kuyiphendula kusasa. Wambuza uGugulethu ukuba kungokuba kusasa kuza kusa kuyintoni na? UThobeka uphendule ngelithi nguThixo yedwa owaziyo, batsho belala. 4.6.4 Umboniso wesi- 4 Kukusasa uGugulethu uye kuvusa ipolisa uBaleni elixelela ukuba ubulele usapho, ke ucela amqhube aye kumvalela. Wothuka uBaleni akakholelwa, wathathwa nguGugulethu waya kuzibonela. Wothuka uBaleni, akuzibonela, wade wacinga ukuba usephupheni okanye uyelama kuba kwakubutyadidi ligazi, lingumqukuqela ukuya kuphuma emnyango igazi (p.137) UBaleni wamsa enkundleni yamatyala. Wabuzwa uGugulethu ngusajini ngokwenzekileyo, wathi xa ephendula Buzani kubawo. Usajini uye wahamba naye wamqhubela kwamantyi. UGugulethu uthe kumantyi alimafanelanga eli tyala lifanele ijaji ubuqu. Umantyi umngqinele ngokuthi lingapha kwamandla akhe, wathi ngenene inkulu into ayenzileyo. Wacela amapolisa ukuba aye kumvalela. Phambi kokuba aye kuvalelwa uGugulethu ucele ukuba abolekwe amapolisa, amxhage, ayokuphuthuma incwadi yakhe yebhanki endwlini. Esithi ebhankini unemali ekumakhulu amabini evayo eeponti, ucela kuthatyathwe amashumi amane kungcwatywe izidumbu, yonke enye eshiyekileyo, isiwe kubazali bakaNomampondomise kwaLangeni, uyalobola njalo. 4.6.5 Umboniso wesi-5 Kusenkundleni yamatyala kuxoxwa ityala likaGugulethu lokubulala umfazi nabantwana yijaji. Kuphando olwenziwe ngugqirha, ingxelo ifumanisa ukuba umbulali uGugulethu uphile qete. Ijaji iphethe uGugulethu ngemibuzo malunga nokubulala kwakhe umfazi nabantwana, uGugulethu ume ngelithi, “Buza kubawo”. Ijaji iguqukela kuZwilakhe, imbuza imibuzo malunga nale mpendulo kaGugulethu kwaye imbuza ukuba ingaba uGugulethu ebemthanda na umfazi wakhe. UZwilakhe umphendula ngelithi akangetsho kuba abazange bahlale kunye, uGugulethu waya kuhlala eMthatha, qha nguye Zwilakhe owathumela uThobeka nabantwana eMthatha kuba uGugulethu wayesele eneminyaka engasagoduki. Kuvela into yokuba naba bantwana ibingengabakaGugulethu. Ijaji icela ukuba uGugulethu akhe abalise imbali yokubulala kwakhe usapho. UGugulethu walibalisa lonke ibali elimasikizi le nto eyenzekileyo (p.141-143) Ijaji iyambuza ukuba uyayitshaya na intsangu okanye uyasela na? Impendulo kaGugulethu yathi, okokoko kwasweleka umfazi wakhe, uNomaMpondomise intombi kaLangeni akazange wabufaka utywala emlonyeni wakhe. Ijaji iye ayakwazi ukunyamezela kuba isithi sihlasimlisa umzimba esi senzo, yayivala inkundla isithi isigwebo sakuwa ngosuku olulandelay 63

UMBUZO 2 Bonisa indlela iziganeko eziyikhulise ngayo impixano kule drama. IMPENDULO Umfundi kulindeleke ukuba achankcathe kwezi ngongoma zilandelayo xa ebhala isincoko salo mbuzo: Impixano yindlela esetyenziswa ngumbhali ukukhulisa ibali lakhe. Oku uthi akwenze ngokuvelisa ungquzulwano phakathi kwezimvo ezimbini ezithi zimelwe ngabalinganiswa abangavumelani ngezinto ezithile abazixabisileyo. Impixano indidi mbini, kukho impixano yangaphakathi nempixano yangaphandle. Impixano yangaphakathi yimpixano ephakathi komlinganiswa nesiqu sakhe ebangelwa zizinto ezimngqongileyo entlalweni. Impixano yangaphandle yimpixano ephakathi komlinganiswa nomnye umlinganiswa okanye phakathi kwamaqela amabini angavumelaniyo ngomba othile. Ukukhuliswa kwempixano • Umbhali kule drama ubeka izimvo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kuvavanyo, isiko lokubonela umfana intombi elikhatywa lulo lonke ulutsha ukuqala kuNozipho, Gugulethu, NomaMpondomise abaziintshatsheli. Ulutsha lunoluvo lokuba luthando eyona nto yenza umtshato abeke uGugulethu noNomaMpondomise bencama konke ukuze lubonise ukuba eli siko litshazile alisenandawo entlalweni. • UZwilakhe uba yinkomo enotshobo efuna ukubonela unyana wakhe ngokuhlohlwa nguMaGaba umkakhe. • Umbhali unika uZwilakhe isihlalo sokuba ngutata wekhaya ukuze nantoni na ayithethayo ibe nendawo yokuhlala nakubani, nanjengoko yenzile aze uGugulethu abe ngunyana omele kuthatha nantoni na ayalathelwa nguyise ngokwesithethe sakwantu aze azibeke esikalini ezi mbono zombini ngolu hlobo. • UWK Tamsanqa ongumbhali wale drama ufaka uGugulethu exabisweni lokufuna umfazi ngokweminyaka engama-30 ngokwebali. • Oku kuba yinto enokozwayo akuya emtshatweni kwaNgoqo uMagaba kuba ebonele unyana wakhe le Ntombi kaMcothama. • Isifungo asithatha ngale ntombi sinwenwa okomlilo wedobo ukuthungela ukugrogrisa uZwilakhe ngokungabi namandla obudoda xa engena kuyithathela unyana wakhe le ntombi. • Esi soyikiso uZwilakhe simenza abhuduzele ade enze impazamo yokuthi kuGugulethu akanakufunzwa kuba akasengomntwana. • Intlantsi itaka kutoliko lwala mazwi athi 'akusengomntwana … awusenakufunzwa … UGugulethu uwatolika la mazwi ngokuba athi makazifunele umfazi kanti uyise yena uwatolika ngokuba amnika amagunya okusebenzisa isiko lokubonela. Utshela kweli siko okwengwane uZwilakhe noko ebona ukuba unyana uthabathekile leli lungelo. • Kwelinye icala umbhali uthela ipetula kulo mlilo ngokuthi kufikisane eli lizwi lokungafunzwa kunye nencwadi kaNomaMpondomise eyamkela isicelo sikaGugulethu sothando. • Le yantlukwano phakathi kokuzibonela nokubonelwa yenza uthanda phakathi kwamaHlubi kuba kukho ahamba noGugulethu ngembono abe uyise exela izinyo liqaqamba eqamele ngokuba akanakulunga ukuba liwexuwexu- kungekho mntu ubuqondayo obu buwexuwexu ukuba busuka kwisivumelwano sakhe noMaGaba. • Oku kwenza uGugulethu angene kwelinye inqanaba, elokuvala umlomo athi kwakubuzwa nantoni athi makubuzwe kuyise- ubungqina bokuba imdla ngaphakathi le nto. Kuyacaca ukuba lo Buzani Kubawo yindlela yakhe yokubhalisa unkwintsho ngokusuka atshatiswe nomntu angamaziyo. 66

UMBUZO 3 Phicotha isimo sentlalo kwidrama ethi, “Buzani Kubawo” (25) IMPENDULO Umfundi kulindeleke ukuba achankcathe kwezi ngongoma zilandelayo xa ebhala isincoko salo mbuzo: Isimo sentlalo siphuhlisa indawo apho lenzeka khona ibali, ixesha elenzeka ngalo kunye nendlela abantu abaphila ngayo. Isimo sentlalo sisetyenziswa ukuphefumlela umoya othile ebalini, ukuhlakulela into ethile ebalini nokuphuhlisa abalinganiswa okanye umxholo webali. Isimo sentlalo sivezwa zizinto ezifana nezinxibo zabalinganiswa, ulwimi abaluthethayo, izixhobo abazisebenzisayo, ezothutho, iintlobo zezindlu abahlala kuzo, izikolo, iintlobo ngeentlobo zeenkolo, njalo-njalo Ibali ezilalini • Emzini kaZwilakhe noMaGaba kwilali yaseZazulwana apho ibali liqala khona kuba sidibana nentombi yabo enguNozipho ihleli yodwa kwindlu eqhuma umsi kuba kubaswe kuyo. Abazali bakaNozipho baye emtshatweni kwenye ilali engapheya kwale yabo kwaNgoqo. Olu sapho lwakwaZwilakhe kulapho lushukuxela khona imbali zomtshato wakwaNgoqo nendaba yokutshata kukaGugulethu ongunyana wabo. • KuloMzamo apho uGugulethu eye kudlula kuMzamo ongumhlobo wakhe ukuba baye emtshatweni. Liqhubekile ibali eNgqamakhwe kwisikolo saseBly apho kwakufunda khona uNomaMpondomise noGugulethu. • Kwakhona lo mdlalo uqhubekile kwilali yaseNgcolosi apho kukho ikhaya likaNomaMpondomise kuba kulapho wazalelwa wakhulela khona. • KwaZwilakhe endlwini enkulu kuxoxa uMaGaba noNozipho ngokuba uGugulethu makafune umfazi. Ibali edolophini • UGugulethu wazalelwa wakhulela phantsi kwesi sithili. • UGugulethu ubehlala eMthatha kuba esebenza khona • Kwakhona umdlalo uqhubeka enkundleni yamatyala eMthatha apho kuthethwa ityala likaGugulethu lokwaphula isithembiso sokutshata uNomaMpondomise watshata noThobeka. • UThobeka uswelekela kule dolophu yaseMthatha nabantwana bakhe abathathu bebulawa nguGugulethu ngokubaxabela. • Ityala likaGugulethu lokubulala lixoxelwe kwiinkundla zale dolophu yaseMthatha de wagwetywa intambo. • Emlanjeni eMthatha kulapho uNomampondomise azeyelisele khona kuba elahlwe nguGugulethu wavuma ukutshata noThobeka. • ENgqamakhwe eBly kulapho bekufunda khona uGugulethu noNomaMpondomise Ixesha • Ixesha lityhilwa zizinto ezenzekayo, eziqhubekayo nezisetyenziswayo ngabalinganiswa kwintlalo yabo. Umzekelo kulo mdlalo sibona kukho impixano ebangelwa kukwahluka kwexesha abaphile ngalo abalinganiswa abakule ncwadi. • Abazali babonela abantwana babo abalingane njengoko kwakufudulwa kasenziwa njalo mandulo, ngoku amaxesha ngamanye lixesha lenkululeko apho umfana okanye intombi inelungelo lokuzikhethela umlingane wayo. 68

• UZwilakhe noMaGaba inkosikazi yakhe bakhethela unyana wabo uGugulethu intombi amakayitshate enguThobeka ethandwa ngabo ngezinto abazazi iziimpawu zomfazi. UGugulethu yena ufuna ukutshata uNomaMpondomise intombi ethandwa nguye. • Ukungqina ukuba lo mdlalo uqhubeka kwixesha langoku uGugulethu wayefundile. Loo nto iyodwa yiyo engunobangela wokuba angaboni ngasonye nabazali bakhe kunye namalungu athile osapho lwakhe kuba wona asadla ngendeb'endala • Kucacile ukuba xa kukho izikolo kukho iindidi ngeendidi zezifundiswa ootitshala, oomantyi, abefundisi njalo-njalo. Umzekelo isikolo saseBly apho kwakufunda khona uGugulethu noNomaMpondomise • Izinxibo ezinxitywe nguGugulethu nabahlobo bakhe emtshatweni kwaNgoqo zingqina ukuba ngenene lixesha langoku. Umzekelo, bambi banxibe iisuti, imibhaco nkqu nelokhwe emhlophe yomtshato • Kwakhona ukungqina ixesha langoku siva kuthethwa ngenkundla yamatyala eseMthatha apho kwakuchotshelwe khona ityala likaGugulethu lokubulala • Ulwimi lwasemzini olusisiNgesi nolusetyenziswa ngabanye abalinganiswa kulo mdlalo lungqina ukuba ngenene lixesha langoku sele kukho umfutho waseNtshona. Yiva uGugulethu xa athi, 'I want to be ready, I want to be ready, I want to be ready, to walk in Jerusalem just like John.' • Ezi zinto zilandelayo ziyangqina ukuba ixesha oqhubeka ngalo lo mdlalo lelangoku – ileta ebhalelwe uGugulethu nguNomaMpondomise, iphephandaba elithengiswayo elisasaza iindaba iMvo okanye uMthunywa, imali, iimoto njalo-njalo • Inkolo yobuKrestu nayo ingqina eli xesha langoku sele kukho umfutho waseNtshona. Umzekelo UThobeka ngexesha endwendwele uGugulethu eMthatha, uthi akubona ukuba umoya awumhlanga akamkelekanga kwaphela abhenele emthandazweni ekwavuma ingoma yobuKrestu. (Nayiphi na impendulo echanekileyo) AMANQAKU EWONKE [25] 69

UMBUZO 4 Uthando ludlale indima ephambili ekuphuhliseni impixano ekule drama. Xhasa olu luvo. (25) IMPENDULO Umfundi kulindeleke ukuba achankcathe kwezi ngongoma zilandelayo xa ebhala isincoko salo mbuzo: Uthando kule drama lube ngunobangela wokugilana kwezimvo okuthe kwakhokelela kwimpixano phakathi kwabalinganiswa nto leyo ethe yakhokelela kwiziphumo ezibi eziquka inyhikityha yokufa. • Uthando lukaMaGaba kunyana wakhe lumenza acinge ukuba into ethandwa nguye nonyana wakhe woyithanda ade abe kwiqondo lokunyanzelisa umyeni ukuze umyeni aqweqwedise unyana nto leyo eye yakhokelela kwimpixano emandla phakathi kukaGugulethu nabazali bakhe. • Eyona nto ithi iyikhulise ngakumbi impixano kukuma kukaMaGaba aqine kuba efuna intombi kaMcothama uThobeka ayithandayo itshate noGugulethu. • UZwilakhe uyathoba kuba ke naye egrogriswe nguMaGaba ngokubeka ubudoda bakhe esikalini xa enokoyiswa ngulo mcimbi. Oku kwenza uZwilakhe athi esiva macalonke ukuba uGugulethu uthi lo mcimbi wentombi mawuyekelwe kuye kuba ezazi yena ukuba ikhona intombi esenyongweni kuye enguNomaMpondomise azimisele ukuyitshata. Impixano iye yondela ngakumbi nangakumbi kuba ecaweni sibona uGugulethu ebophe isandla sakhe kuba engafuni kutshata noThobeka. • Ukungaboni ngasonye kwabazali nabantwana babo ngomba wothando kube ngunobangela wongquzulwano olubanzi phakathi kwabo. • Ukwamkelwa kwesicelo sikaGugulethu nguNomaMpondomise kokona kwenze ukuba angqishe ngonyawo noGugulethu kwelakhe icala engafuni kwahlukana nomntu osenyongweni kuye nambona njengoyena ndofanaye kuko okuthe kwayenza yakhula ngakumbi impixano. • Ukukhupha kukaNomaMpondomise iinkomo zikaMcunukelwa ebesele elotyolwe ngazo kuba esithi akamthandi kwaye exolele ukuba lihlazo nokuhlupha abazali bakhe kunokuba endele endodeni angayifuniyo kube ngunozala wempixano phakathi kwakhe nabazali. • Iindaba zokutshata kukaGugulethu ezipapashwe kwiphephandaba iMvo zabaNtsundu elifundwe nguNomaMpondomise zimenze wanempixano yangaphakathi kwaye ziye zamkhathaza emphefumlweni kuba ebecinga ukuba uza kungenisa iinkomo zikaGugulethu njengoko ekhuphe ezikaMcunukelwa. Impixano yangaphakathi kuNomaMpondomise iye yathatha olunye unyawo kuba uncame ngokuzeyelisele emlanjeni eMthatha xa ephoxwa nguGugulethu ebecinga ukuba uza kutshata naye. • Impixano yangaphakathi nothando lwakhe kuNomaMpondomise ongasekhoyo iye yondela ngakumbi kuGugulethu kuba ubonakala ngokuzila ikhaya, anxibe iimpahla ezimnyama, iminyaka ede yadlula kwishumi elinambini, ome emqaleni kuZwilakhe obefuna ukumfuthanisela ngomfazi angamthandiyo. • Isenzo sokuthumela uThobeka eMthatha kuGugulethu ongazange amthande nabantwana bakhe abathathu idala ungquzulwano olumandla kude kukhokelele kwinyhikityha yokufa, isiza ngoGugulethu othe wagawula ngezembe abantwana. Isenzo esi senza sikholelwe kukuba kwayena, waphumayo kwisiporo sengqondo ezinzileyo ngenxa yoxinzelelo lomphefumlo oluzalwa kukuchukumiseka ngenxa yothando. • Le mpixano noku kuphazamiseka ngokwengqondo kukaGugulethu okwenziwe luthando olungazenzisiyo ngumqondiso wothando olungenamida. • Ukunyanzeliswa kwesiko lokubonelwa ngabazali abantwana bengathandani kube ngunozala wempixano ekule drama. (Nayiphi na impendulo echanekileyo) AMANQAKU EWONKE [25] 70

UMBUZO 5 Hlalutya isakhiwo sale drama. (25) IMPENDULO Umfundi kulindeleke ukuba achankcathe kwezi ngongoma zilandelayo xa ebhala isincoko salo mbuzo: Umbhali wedrama uye abe nendlela ethile yokubhala incwadi yakhe ukukhulisa ibali lakhe. Ndlela leyo athi asebenzise ubuchule bakhe bokuyila ingxoxo ngeenzame zokuphuhlisa iinjongo zakhe nokukhupha umdlalo ophume izandla. Le mpumelelo iye ivezwe ngala manqanaba alandelayo; ingabula-zigcawu, ukuyondelelana, uvuthondaba, isisombululo nesiphelo sebali. Ingabula-zigcawu • Apha kwesi sigaba izithole zempixano zithi zivezwe kwaye kulapho sithi nesimo sentlalo sityhilwe khona, kuze kwaziswe nabalinganiswa abaphambili apha encwadini. Kule ncwadi kaTamsanqa sidibana noNozipho encokola nomama wakhe uMaGaba, uNozipho uzivalele endlwini enomsi kwaye uhleli yedwa. Konke oku kwenzeka kwilali yaseZazulwana endlwini kaZwilakhe ongumninimzi weli khaya. • Ngokusichazela ngaba balinganiswa umbhali ukhulisa isakhiwo sakhe sebali kuba ubaveza ekuqaleni kwaye ngabo abakhulisa ibali. • Umbhali usebenzisa umsi kwakhona ukuphuhlisa injongo ethile nokukhulisa isakhiwo sakhe sebali. KwaXhosa umsi unentsingiselo engentlanga, kwaye umbhali ngokusebenzisa umqondiso womsi uyasikrobisa ukuba kukho okubi okuza kwenzeka apha encwadini. • Inkcazelo asinika yona yabantu abahambileyo ukuya emtshatweni inento eyityhilayo ngento eza kwenzeka apha encwadini. Incoko ephakathi koMaGaba nentombi yakhe uNozipho ngomtshato neminqweno kaMaGaba iyikhulisa ngakumbi impixano kule drama. • Ingoma evunywa nguNozipho ethi 'Dilika Thando lwam', iqulethe lukhulu kwaye iyasikrobisa ukuba impixano eza kuthi yenzeke kule ncwadi iza ngothando. • Umbhali ube nobuchule bokuyila isakhiwo sale ncwadi ngesakhono sakhe sokukwazi ukuyikhulisa ngokuthi asebenzise uMaGaba ukuba afuthele indoda yakhe ngomoya wokubonela uGugulethu ongunyana wabo umfazi. • Umbhali uphinda asebenzise uZwilakhe ekuyileni esi sakhiwo kuba uthi akuyiva le nyewe ngomfazi wakhe abethe ngenqindi phantsi efunga esithi akasayi kujika kwisigqibo sokuba uGugulethu atshate intombi kaMcothama. Oku ukwenza engekaziva ezikaGugulethu izimvo kwaye sele ebonakala ukuba akazise so. Igama athe wamnika lona lo mlinganiswa ebemnika ngenjongo waze naye Zwilakhe walilandela akajika. Ukuyondelelana kwezinto • Kweli nqanaba uyilo lwesakhiwo luya lukhula ngokukhula kuba ingxabano nokungaboni ngasonye kuya kuthatha unyawo. Umbhali usebenzise indlela apha ebonisa ubuchule bakhe obungummangaliso kuba usebenzisa uZwilakhe ukondlala lo mcimbi wokuzeka kukaGugulethu ekukhuliseni nasekuyileni ngakumbi ibali lakhe. • Uxambuliswano nokungaboni ngasonye kukaZwilakhe noGugulethu unyana wakhe ngombandela wokubonelwa luya luthatha unyawo. Olu xambuliswano alukho phakathi koGugulethu noZwilakhe uyise kuphela, koko kungenelele namaHlubi atsho ahlukana kubini. • Umbhali uphinda asivezele umlinganiswa onguNomaMpondomise ngenjongo yokuyila nokwenza luqilima mpela esi sakhiwo. Ukwamkela kukaNomaMpondomise isicelo sokuthandana noGugulethu kwenza nzima izinto ngakumbi nangakumbi. • Indima kaNomaMpondomise apha kulo mdlalo kukuza kuqinisa intliziyo kaGugulethu ngakumbi ngothando analo kuNomaMpondomise nokuza kukhulisa ngakumbi uxambuliswano phakathi kukaGugulethu noZwilakhe utata wakhe. 71

• UThobeka usetyenziswe njengomqobo oze kuxaba kwindlela eya empumelelweni kaGugulethu noNomaMpondomise. Igama alinikiweyo lenza ukuba kube nzima kuye ukuvakalisa izimvo zakhe ngokupheleleyo. Konke oku kwenzeka ngenjongo yokuyila ngakumbi esi sakhiwo sale ncwadi. Uvuthondaba • Umbhali uya eliqamangela ngokuliqamangela iqhina lakhe lokuyila isakhiwo sale ncwadi. Oku ukwenza ngokudulisa uvakalelo lwabalinganiswa baphumele elubala bazitsho zicace gca okwekat'emhlophe ehlungwini izimvo zabo. UNomaMpondomise ukhupha iinkomo zikaMcunukelwa obesele emlobole ngenxa kaGugulethu. • Uyilo lwesakhiwo luya lunyuka umnqantsa, uGugulethu utshatiswa ngebhaxa noThobeka angamthandiyo. Naye uThobeka kwelakhe icala akonwabanga sesi senzo kodwa ngenxa yokuthobela abazali wafa namthanyana. • UMzamo ongumhlobo osenyongweni kaGugulethu uhlatywa asweleke emtshatweni kaGugulethu. • Limtshonela emini ilanga uGugulethu, oku kuvezwa ngamazwi awasebenzisayo athi, 'Liqalisile! Liqalisile! Liyaduduma! La mazwi kaGugulethu abonisa mhlophe ukudandatheka kwentliziyo yakhe kwaye akwatyhila ukuba umdlalo ngoku uyaya kwayiwayo kuza kuqhawuka unobathana. • Njengoko izinto zisiya kwayiwayo, umbhali usebenzisa iphepha-ndaba ukuchaza ngokusweleka kukaMzamo emtshatweni kaGugulethu. Njengoko zingalali mbetheni ziye zafika nakuNomaMpondomise ezi ndaba wanga angathi vuleka mhlaba. • Ukuzikhupha kule ngxubakaxaka uNomaMpondomise umangalela uGugulethu kwinkundla yamatyala eMthatha. Uyilo lwesakhiwo luya ngokuba mandundu kuba uNomaMpondomise uye waya kuzenyelisa emlanjeni wabhubha. • Umama kaNomaMpondomise uManyawuza naye ulandela intombi yakhe ukuya kwantsonganyawana. • UGugulethu ngokwasezingqondweni ukwelakhe ilizwe, mve xa esithi, Liyaduduma! Liyaduduma! Lidlula nemiphefumlo. Buzani kubawo! La mazwi kaGugulethu abonisa mhlophe ukuba ngoku izinto zijikile kukekelelwa ekusonjululweni kwezinto. Isisombululo • UZwilakhe uthumela uThobeka nabantwana bakhe kuGugulethu eMthatha. Isizathu sesenzo sikaZwilakhe kukuba yena Zwilakhe akanakondlela enye indoda usapho yona isidla amazimba. NgokukaZwilakhe sesona sisombululo sisiso esi sokuzama ukuthi xibilili umthwalo ekudala ewuthwele kaThobeka nabantwana bakhe. • Isenzo sikaZwilakhe asizi nasisombululo sisiso koko siza nenyhikityha yokufa kuba uGugulethu uphela ebulala uThobeka nabantwana bakhe. Isiphelo • UGugulethu uyabanjwa agwetywe intambo. • UMaGaba ongunina kaGugulethu uzityisa ityhefu afe. • UZwilakhe ekugqibeleni uyavuma ukuba nguye unobangela wayo yonke le ngxubakaxaka, koko ucela ukuba kuvalelwe yena endaweni kaGugulethu. • UGugulethu usamkela ngezandla ezingenamikhinqi isigwebo sejaji atsho eyalela okokuba umzimba wakhe uye kungcwatywa ecaleni kwentombi kaLangeni. • Umbhali uphumelele ukusebenzise ubuchule obungayiwayo ukukhulisa ibali lakhe ngokuzisa ingxaki eba ngunobangela kanti ngalo lonke elo xesha uyila isakhiwo sencwadi yakhe. (Nayiphi na impendulo echanekileyo) [25] AMANQAKU EWONKE 72

5.1.2 IMIZEKELO YEMIBUZO EMIFUTSHANE NEEMPENDULO Mfundi kweli candelo lemibuzo emifutshane uza kunikwa isicatshulwa esicatshulwe kwidrama esiya kuba sisikhokelo kwimibuzo oza kuyibuzwa. UMBUZO 1 (25) Funda ezi zicatshulwa zoncwadi zilandelayo, wandule uphendule imibuzo elandelayo ISICATSHULWA A UMAGABA: Kowu, ubemhle kakhulu. Intombi yomfo incothukile, isukile egadeni, yaye ifanelwe sisiqu sayo esiphakathi. Yintokazi etsho ngomhlantla nezinxonxo. Yafaneleka nendoda yakhe bethu alabikho igxeke, umfana yamhlala impahla yakwamLungu yanga wazalwa nayo. Baye umfana bemncoma ukulunga, abamaziyo besithi yindlel'enqwelo. 5 Akwaba nomfazi ebeya kuba njalo zibe iindonga ziwelene, kungathi kanti bubuhle bekhiwane. UNOZIPHO: Ibingoobani iintombi ebeziyile apha kule yethu ilali? UMAGABA: Andingeze ndazi kaloku Hlubi, kuba thina sihlala ndawonye. Kodwa ke ndikhe ndamthi tshe uThobeka noNomsa, andazi abanye. Yantle intombi 10 kaMcothama nokuzola kwayo, ifanelwe sisinxibo sayo esikhethiweyo. Kowu yiva! Bendisazi kakade ukuba akunakho ukuthetha ngoThobeka zekungabikho mazwi athile ancomayo. UNOZIPHO: Inene andiyazi le nto akutyela yona uThobeka, le nto kuthi kwakuthiwa cha igama lakhe ungenakukhe ungadondotheli uncome. 15 UMAGABA: Ndifanele Nozipho mntwanam, ndiyamthanda laa mntwana andizenzi, nangoku andazi ukuba abafana aba bayaphi na. Ukuba bekukho soka ndizalana nalo bendingeze ndalikhombisa yimbi ingeyiyo ekaMcothama, uThobeka. Ubufanele ubufazi umntwan'aloo mntu. Igazi lakhe lo mntwana 20 lihlile. Uthobile ulilandele igama lakhe. Ukhuthele, yonke into ayenzayo uyenza ngomzimba okhaphu-khaphu akathunywa kuyo, ngokwabantwana bale mihla sinayo abafuna ukusoloko bemelwe ngemva xa benza into. Inene mhla wenda, isithuba sakhe soza sibonakale kulaa mzi kaMcothama. 25 UNOZIPHO: Uyakuthini na Gaba, ukuthi ukuba ubunesoka ozalana nalo, utsho inguye lo umfana umzele? UMAGABA: Kanti nangoku ukuba bekuthetha mna, bekungekho ntombi yimbi ibiya kuthathwa nguGugulethu ngaphandle koThobeka. Koko ke andinakunceda, 73

abantwana esibazeleyo abasiva, abafuni kwenza nto ithethwa ngabazali, bafuna ukwenza into ephambi kweengqondo zabo. Yaphela laa nto yakudala 30 ebethi umfana abonelwe ngabazali umfazi, eve yena selexelelwa intombi amakayizeke. Ithi ukuba yintombi ive sekusithiwa: 'Ntombi yiya kwazibaningeshe, sikwendisela khona ngemvisiswano yabazali,' kungagqitywanga nayo. 35 UNOZIPHO: Uwo bawo! Ingathi ndiyabona xa ndinokusiwa entweni, nokuba ineliso elinye, ndingathandi. Uxela nje nawe Gaba usithi, 'laa nto yakudala.' Lelinye ixesha eli sikulo ngoku. Amaxesha ngawokhanyo. UMAGABA: Yiyo ke le nto zinguqulukubhode izinto zale mihla yenu nithi yeyokhanyo. Oonyana neentombi zabantu ngezi mini bayabhutyuza, abakwazi 40 abakwenzayo ngenxa yokuba kaloku kubanjwe amasiko asezintlangeni kwalahlwa awasekhaya. Kanti ke ngoko, zazingekho ezi zinto zenzeka ngale mihla: la manyondololo okuqhawulwa kwemitshato; oku kungevani koonyana nooyise; oku ngevani koomolokazana nooninazala; zazingekho, kuba kaloku umtshato ubuyinto ezukileyo, usikelelekile, kuba indlu isekwe ngabazali, ooThixo bomzi. Andiyazi le yangoku into ekoze kuthi umntu ezibonele umfazi, 45 ubone kusasa seyilukrozo kusiyiwa edolophini. Yintoni? Kuquqwa ezinkundleni kuqhawulwa umtshato. Ungazi ke ngoku ukuba umntu seledikwe yintoni na kwakusasa, ebezibonele nokuzibonela nje kaloku into yakhe. UNOZIPHO: Kakade mama, khawutsho Gaba, kutheni kusuke kwathi cwaka nje? Ubhuti Gugulethu lo uya kumfuna nini umfazi? Loo nto ndivakele ndiyicinga 50 ungekafiki, xa bendinkolo-nkoloza ndisifa ngumsi, ndibhuqwa nasisithukuthezi ndindedwa. Uyazi ukuba iintanga zakhe zonke zinabafazi, kungoku nje ushiywa nangamakrwala. Eyakhe into isuke yee nyamalala, ngathi yinkedama umntwa'kabawo. Kunjalo nje ndimphuphele kakubi, uyazi? IMIBUZO 1.1 'Ndifanele Nozipho mntwanam, ndiyamthanda laa mntwana andizenzi, …' (2) (Kumgca 17) Nika isizathu sokuthandwa kukaThobeka nguMaGaba? 1.2 'Kanti nangoku ukuba bekuthetha mna, bekungekho ntombi yimbi ibiya (3) kuthathwa nguGugulethu ngaphandle koThobeka.' (Kumgca 28–29) Uzotywe njengomlinganiswa onjani uMaGaba kulo mdlalo? Xhasa impendulo yakho. 1.3 'Kunjalo nje ndimphuphele kakubi, uyazi?' (Kumgca 57–58) (2) Chaza iphupha eliphutshwe nguNozipho elimalunga noGugulethu. 1.4 Isityhilela ntoni le ngxoxo yabalinganiswa abakwesi sicatshulwa? (2) 74

2.3 INGCACISO NGEMIBUZO EMIFUTSHANE YONCWADI. • Injongo yokubuza imibuzo emifutshane kukufuna ukuqonda ukuba wena mfundi uyazi kangakanani na imibongo yakho oyifundileyo. • Xa uphendula imibuzo emifutshane unikwa umbongo. • Kunyanzelekile ukuba uphendule imibuzo ebuzwe kumbongo lowo uwunikiweyo. • Ezinye iimpendulo ziyafumaneka kumbongo lowo. • Eminye imibuzo iza kufuna ulwazi lwakho lokuqonda umbongo igxile kwezi zinto zilandelayo; umyalezo, injongo, imo, umongo, umoya wembongi njalo njalo ukanti eminye iza kufuna uluvo lwakho. 2.4 INGCACISO NGEMIBUZO EMIDE YONCWADI. • Le yimibuzo efuna impendulo ekwimo yesincoko soncwadi. • Ubude bempendulo yombuzo omde kufuneka ibengamagama angama-190-240. 2.5 INDLELA YOKUPHENDULA IMIBUZO KWIMIBONGO Naku omawukwenze Naku omawungakwenzi 1. Kwimibuzo EMIHLANU oyinikiweyo, 1.Musa ukukhetha imibuzo EMITHATHU khetha imibuzo EMITHATHU ngolu hlobo kwimibongo efundisiweyo. lulandelayo: • Imibongo emibini efundisiweyo • Umbongo omnye ongafundiswanga nonyanzelekileyo ukuba uwuphendule. 2. Fundisisa umbuzo ufumane umxholo 3.Musa ukuphendula ungaqinisekanga wokubuzwayo ukuba kubuzwa ntoni. 3. Kumbuzo osisincoko cwangcisa 3.Ukungacwangcisi kakuhle kuya kwenza impendulo yakho ngokuchanekileyo ukuba impendulo yakho ingathungelani ulandele oku: inamathelane. • Intshayelelo, isiqu nesiphelo. QAPHELA: Izinto omawuzigcine entloko xa uphendula esi sincoko soncwadi kwisihobe 8

Isincoko soncwadi sesihobe sinamanqaku ali-10. Xa uphendula isincoko soncwadi sesihobe kulindeleke oku kulandelayo mfundi: IMIQATHANGO AMANQAKU OKULINDELEKILEYO UMXHOLO 06 • Ukuhlalutywa kwesihloko, ubunzulu bengxoxo, indlela azakuzela ngayo ingxoxo, ukuwulandela kakuhle umhobe • Isihloko sitolikwe ngokunzulu • Iingxoxo ezinomtsalane ezixhaswe ngokuvokothekileyo kusetyenziswa isihobe • Impendulo ibonisa ulwazi olugqwesileyo lwesihobe. ISAKHIWO NOLWIMI 04 • Isakhiwo siyathungelana • Ingxoxo ixongxwe kakuhle kwaye izimvo zikhuliswe ngokugqwesileyo nangokucacileyo • Ulwimi, ithoni nesimbo sokubhala zivuthiwe, zinomtsalane, zichanekile. • Igrama upelo neziphumlisi azinaziphene kwaphela. AMANQAKU 10 EWONKE 2.6 OKULINDELWE NGABAVAVANYI KUMFUNDI XA EPHENDULA IMIBUZO KWELI PHEPHA. Abavavanyi balindele iimpendulo zemibuzo emifutshane ezibhekiselele kule miba ilandelayo: • Ukuqonda intsingiselo eyintsusa yombongo. • Ukubonisa ulwazi lwakho lombongo. Umzekelo: Ungabuzwa umongo wesitanza lweempawu zohlobo oluthile lombongo okanye udidi lwawo. Kungenjalo uchaze ukufana okanye ukwahluka kwemiqolo/izitanza ngokomongo okanye isakhiwo sangaphandle. • Isakhono sakho sokunikezela ngolwazi olungavezwanga ngokucacileyo kwisicatshulwa, usebenzisa oko osele ukwazi ngombongo; Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuthatha izigqibo. Oku kuchaza iindlela ekusetyenziswa ngazo izifobe zentetho. Kungachaphazela ukuqonda komfundi umbongo; ukunika umyalezo, injongo okanye ukuchaza imo yembongi. • Ukuthatha izigqibo ngemiba ethile yombongo, ubenoluvo lwakho ngokolwazi onalo ngombongo. Le nkqubo yeyokuphonononga. Umzekelo, umviwa angabuzwa ukuba uyangqinelana na noluvo lwembongi okanye aluchase kungenjalo kuthiwe makaluxhase aluchasechase ezixhaza ngezakhe izimvo. • Ukukwazi ukuphendula kumbongo ngobuchule bembongi kuchongo sigama. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuncoma ugxeka. Umzekelo, umviwa kungafunwa ukuba anike uluvo lwakhe ngokuthethwa yimbongi malunga nesihloko eso ibonga ngaso okanye isigama esisebenzisileyo ukuveza uluvo oluthile. 9

2.7 Uluhlu lwamagama asetyenziswa kwimibuzo Umbuzo Ingcaciso ngokulindelekileyo Xela Kulindeleke ukuba unike igama le nto/ le ndawo/ ulwazi olungafihlakalanga okanye ekufuneka ubani alukhumbule. Nika Kufuneka ukhumbule iinkcukacha malunga noko kubuziweyo Umzekelo: Nika igama lomlinganiswa owazenza umfundisi wakwalizwi kwaMamQhinebe. Nika intsingiselo yentsusa yegama elibhalwe ngqindilili. Nika (umxholo/imfundiso/umyalezo) walo mbongo. Khankanya Kufunwa ukuba unike amanqaku aphathelene nokuthile. Umzekelo: Khankanya zibeMBINI izinto ezenziwe ngumlinganiswa onguSiqhuwu ukulwa nomkhwa wesinyobo. Caphula Kufunwa uluthabathe lunjengoko lunjalo ulwazi olufunwa ngumbuzo olukwitekisi ulubeke lunjalo, wakugqiba ulufake kwiimpawu zocaphulo (“ ”) Chonga/Khetha Kulindeleke ukuba uluthabathe lunjalo olo lwazi lufunwayo. Umzekelo: Chonga igama (igama elinye) Chonga ibinzana (amagama angamabini nangaphezulu kodwa angabi nasivisa). Chonga isivakalisi (isivakalisi esipheleleyo) Thiya igama Kufunwa igama laloo nto ibuzwayo. Umzekelo kunokuthiwa: Thiya igama lesakhi esikrwelelwe umgca ngaphantsi. Gqibezela/Gcwalisa Kulindeleke ukuba uvale isikhewu/ ufakele ulwazi olushiyiweyo. Dwelisa Bhala uludwe lwezinto ezo zifunwa ngumbuzo/ngokomyalelo wombuzo. Hlela Ukuhlanganisa izinto ngokweempawu ezithile ezahluke okanye ezifana ngazo (uzibeke ngokwezintlu zazo), ulandela umyalelo wombuzo. Kusenokufuneka ukwenze oku kwitheyibhile. Balisa Kulindeleke ukuba ubalise ibali. Chaza Kufunwa inkcaza evakalayo malunga noko kubuzwayo. Isengaba bubume, inkangeleko, indlela eyenzeke ngayo into ethile(ukuba sisehlo/intshukumo) Cacisa Kulindeleke ukuba unike iinkcukacha ezihamba nengcaciso ezeleyo malunga noko kubuzwayo. Thathela ingqalelo umthamo wamanqaku ukuze uqonde ubude/umthamo wempendulo elindelekileyo. Thelekisa Chonga/veza ukuwahluka nokufana kwezinto/kwemiba emibini. Yahlula Kufunwa ukuba wahlule izinto ngokwendlela oyalela ngayo umbuzo Landelelanisa Kukubeka ulwazi ngokulandelelana kwalo, ulwawulwa koko kufunwa ngumbuzo. Umzekelo. Landelelanisa ezi ziganeko zingezantsi ngokokwenzeka kwazo ebalini. Matanisa/ Ngqamanisa Kufunwa ubeke ulwazi ngokwendlela oluhambelana ngayo kwitheyibhile. Tolika Kulindeleke ukuba utyhile intsingiselo usebenzisa ezakho izimvo neengcinga. 10

Phawula Kusenokufuneka ukuba ufake amagama kumzobo othile. Ngqina Kufunwa ulwazi/ iinkcukacha ezibubungqina obuxhasa loo ngcamango okanye uluvo oluthile. Tyhila Kufunwa unike ulwazi oluveza okuthile olububungqina bobunyani boko kuthethwa ngabo. Phuhlisa Yenza ukuba okuthile kucace mhlawumbi ngokunika imizekelo okanye ngokuzekelisa okanye ingcaciso. Hlomla Cacisa okubuzwayo ngokunika uluvo olusekelwe kwinyaniso. Cazulula Kulindeleke ukuba itekisi obuzwa kuyo uyihlahlele, kwingxoxo yakho ukhuphe ubungqina obukuyo obutyhila oko kubuzwayo. Phonononga Kufunwa uhlole unike izimvo zakho ugweba usebenzisa uhlalutyo oluthile. Phicotha Kufunwa ukuba uvelele macala onke koko kubuziweyo, ugxila kwiinkcukacha ubonisa ubuchule ukungena nzulu, uhlaba amadlala uncoma apho kufaneleke khona. Bonisa Kufunwa ubungqina obutyhila ngakumbi, oko kuthile kucace, uxhathisa ngemizekelo engqalileyo nechanekileyo. Xoxa Beka ulwazi uluxoxele uzixhasa ngezizathu ezivakalayo nezichanekileyo. Hlalutya Kulindeleke ukuba usebenzise izikrweqe zohlalutyo, ubonise ubuchule bokuqiqisisa ukuhluza, ukutolika nokuthatha izigqibo ngomba lowo ubuziweyo Qinisekisa Fumana impendulo eqinisekisa okuthethiweyo ngokukhangela ubungqina. Shwankathela Kulindeleke ukuba ucangcathe kwiingongoma ezingundoqo. 11

ISAHLUKO 3 Uhlalutyo lwesihobe esimiselweyo kwincwadi: Imihobe YesiXhosa: B. Ngombane 3.1 Yintoni isihobe? UB. Ngombane kule ncwadi yakhe uthi: Isihobe luhlobo loncwadi olukhupha imbilini yomntu ngohlobo olusuka emxhelweni. Luncwadi oluzoba uthando, uvuyo, uncomo, ubukhalipha, unyembo, usizi, ubuhlungu, intiyo. ENYE INKCAZELO NGESIHOBE •Luncwadi olubhalelwe ukuvakalisa uthando, intlungu, ukunika izimvo njl.njl. •Imbongi isebenzisa isingqisho, izafobe nezikrweqe, imifanekiso ntelekelelo, izixhobo zesandi kunye nolwimi oluchukumisayo ukuxhokonxa iingcinga kunye nomdla kumfundi wayo. •Lunokubhalwa ngeendlela ezithile (kuqheleke ukusebenzisa imigca okanye izitanza). 3.1.1 IZIBONGO ZOMTHONYAMA/ ISIBONGO § Ludidi lombongo olungacwangciswayo koko imbongi yomthonyama isuka idanduluka ngenxa yovakalelo okanye ihlombe, ibonge. § Kubongwa izinto zasendalweni, izinto ezilixabiso esizweni, iinkosi, amaqhawe namaqhawekazi, izilwanyana neziganeko ezithile. § Imbongi isebenzisa uhlobo lwesigama esingaqhelekanga, esityhila isimo somntu, ubume bento leyo ibongwayo kwaye iyazakhela amagama. Oku kukuba iimbongi ezi zingoovimba benkcubeko nolwimi. § Kuxhaphake ukuba isebenzise amagama ambaxa, izafobe ezinjengesikweko, isifaniso, nesihlonipho. § Indlela yokuwuqala: Imbongi iboleka iindlebe ngokudanduluka yenjenje; Ho-o- o-oyina!/ Vi-i-i-ityo!/I-i-i-inzwi!, nezinye ngokuxhomekeke kwimbongi leyo. § Iindlela zokusiphetha isibongo: Ncincilili-i-i-i! / Ndee-e tshoni! Tatalahote! Nezinye. Yakutsho imbongi iyawisa, ngalinye igqibile. § Isibongio sidla ngokubaneendidi ngeendidi zophondaphindo, sikwaxhathisa ngezithethantonye. § Isingqisho esingacwangciswanga lolunye lophawu oluxhaphake kakhulu. § Izitanza zinemiqolo engalinganiyo kanti ezinye izibongo azinazitanza kwaphela. 12

3.1.2 IMIBONGO Yimihobe engabantu okanye zonke izinto ezimntwisiweyo nangezinto neziganeko ezithile. 3.2 IINDIDI ZEMIBONGO Izibongo zikhala- Umbongo mbaliso zo/zopolitiko/zonk- wintsho Isimbambazelo/ Umbongo Ntyilazwi I-eleji/ Umbongo sikhuzo Umbongo ntlekisa / Isonethi isathaya IINDIDI Umbongo oncomayo Umbongo nkcazo Iirikhi/ Umhobe Indumasiso bungoma Ibhaladi 3.2.1. Umbongo mbaliso: • Lo mbongo ubalisa ngesiganeko esakha senzeka ibayimbali okanye ubomi bomntu. • Ibasisiganeko esinye ekubaliswa ngaso. • Nangona kubaliswa ibali kolu hlobo lombongo, kufuneka ubhalwe ngohlobo lwesihobe ubonakalise ubuqhawe, isihlekiso, uchukumiseko, ummangaliso othile nokushukuxana okuthi kudale unxunguphalo okanye usizi, nalo naluphi na uvakalelo. • Uneempawu zebali ezinjengabalinganiswa, isimo sentlalo, impixano, umbalisi, neploti. • Olu hlobo lombongo lahluka kwilirikhi ngokuba lona alugxili kwiimvakalalelo kodwa kwiploti. 3.2.2 Isimbambazelo/ I-eleji/ Umbongo sikhuzo: • Olu uhlobo lombongo oludandalazisa iimvakalelo neengcinga. • Olu didi luthuthuzela abantu ababhujelweyo/ lukhapha ababhubhileyo. • Nangona luthuthuzela nje lunokusebenzisa nasiphi na isimbo sokubonga. 13

• Lugxila kwimisebenzi emihle nazibalule ngexesha esaphila. • Ngumbongo onokubonisa ilahleko kwisizwe, kwimbongi ngokufa kwakhe loo mntu. • Imbongi yenza isimbonono sesikhalo esidizwa sisigama esisebenzisileyo. • Ingabuza imibuzo entsonkothayo ngobomi nokufa. • Ingavakalisa umsindo ngokulahlekelwa. • Ngalinye, lo mbongo usisijwili sokulahlekelwa ngumntu onexabiso eluntwini. 3.2.3. Isonethi: • Lo ngumbongo ochukumisayo ngeemeko zomxhelo. Ingumjelo wokuvakalisa uvakalelo lwembongi ngombandela othile ngeyona ndlela imfutshane. • Unemiqolo elishumi elinesine. 3.2.3.1 Iindidi zeesonethi • Isonethi yamaNgesi/ ekaShakespeare o Ineekwatreni ezintathu o Nekhaphlethi enemvano-siphelo efanayo (engasoloko ikho esiXhoseni) § Iikwatreni zinokuthi kanti zinika imizekelo emithathu yomcamango othile § Iikwatreni zinokuthi kanti zinika iziganeko ezithathu zoluvo oluthile § Iikwatreni zinokuthi kanti zibonisa iimbono ezintathu ngento enye. § Isingqi sayo singu abab cdcd efef gg • Umzekelo wesonethi kule mibongo imiselweyo kwelibanga ngumbongo othi • Intliziyo • Eyesitaliyane/ ekaPertrarch o Yenziwa yi Okthevu kunye nesestethi (kwatreni nekhaphlethi) o Isibhozo sokuqala semiqolo sibizwa ngokuba yi-okthevu eyandlala udaba oluthile/ ingxaki ethile o I-okhthevu inale mvano siphelo: abbaabba o Isithandathu semiqolo sibizwa ngokuba yisestethi ephuhlisa umcamango othile, isiza nesisombululo. o Isestethi inale mvano siphelo: cdecde o Isestethi iyahlulwa, isine sokuqala sibizwa ngokuba yikhwatreyin, isibini sokugqibela sibizwe ngokuba yikhaplethi. 3.2.4. Umbongo nkcazo: • Ngumbongo apho imbongi ichaza ngomba othile nokuba zizilwanyana, indalo, amaxesha onyaka, njalo njalo. • Olu didi lombongo lucacisa umxhelo wembongi ngemeko ethile okanye ngento ethile. • Lusebenzisa amagama adala imifanekiso ntelekelelo nemifanekiso ngqondweni. • Lo mbongo ugxile ekuchazeni, awudli ngakuthunuka zimvakalelo. 3.2.5. Indumasiso: • Ngumbongo omde kakhulu obalisayo, oqulathe iqela leziganeko, udelo ngozi, namanzithinzithi anxulumene negorha elingundoqo wembali leyo. • Ungabalisa ngentlekele eyehlayo yashukumisa ilizwe, isizwe okanye ihlabathi jikelele yashiya umtshithi embalini. • Ukholisa ukuqala ngokubeka umxholo kwaye usebenzisa amagama anika inkcaza etyhila ubume nobunjani endaweni yamagama abantu neendawo. 14

• Unganazo neentetho ezinde, ubaxo, nofaniso kwaye unesigama esindilekileyo. • Ikholisa ukuxwaya imfundiso engqongqo ehamba neziyalo. • Umxholo wayo ubamalunga nomba ongundoqo wentlalo kuluntu jikelele. 3.2.6. Ibhaladi: • Ubalisa obalisa ibali obhalwe ngolwimi oluqhelekileyo nolulula. • Ukholisa ukuba nophindaphindo, ngakumbi impinda eyahlulahlula ibali. • Ukhe ubenayo nengxoxo. • Mandulo lo mhobe wawuyingoma yokuxhentsa, ekuhambeni kwamaxesha waba ngumhobe obalisayo. • Ibali lidla ngokuqala ngezothando okanye ngobugorha ukuze liphele ngentlekele. • Kukho imvakalelo yengoma nethi yenze uvakalelo lomoya ngamandla • Ubanesingqisho esikholisa ukuba ngu-abcb/abab 3.2.7. Ilirikhi/ Umhobe bungoma: • Uvakalisa imizwa yomntu neengcinga. • Lo ngumbongo omfutshane odla ngokubhalwa ngokweembono zomntu wokuqala. • Ugxile ekuvakaliseni imvakalelo nomoya othile. • Ngumbongo ongabalisiyo, obungoma kodwa uchume ngeemvakalelo. • Usenokuba ngothando, ukufa okanye ukulahlekelwa kokuthile. 3.2.8. Umbongo oncomayo: • Apha kulo mbongo kunconywa into ethile okanye umntu othile. • Apha kugxininiswa kwizinto okanye kwizenzo ezihle kuphela. • Olu hlobo lwahlukile kwizibongo kuba lona alwenziwa sidlangalaleni, lunokubhalwa phantsi kuphela, kwaye lulandela isimbo sesihobe sanamhla 3.2.9. Umbongo ntlekisa / isathaya: • Ngumbongo olungisa isiphene okanye isihlava esithile ebantwini okanye kuloo mntu uthile. • Kusetyenziswa uhlekiso kugxekwa kugxijwa ukuze loo mntu aziqonde, alungise amanxele wakhe 3.2.10. Umbongo Ntyilazwi: • Ngumbongo ongemiba yenkolo neenkolelo. • Inokuba bubuKrestu okanye izinto ezinxulumene namasiko nezithethe, izinyanya njalo njalo. 3.2.11. Umbongo sikhalazo/wopolitiko nonkwintsho: • Ngumbongo osisijwili sokunganeliseki nokuhlutshwa yimeko ethile. • Kulapho imbongi ivelisa ilizwi lokhalazo malunga nomba othile. • Inokukhalazela umbuso ophetheyo, isimo esithile kubantu abathile, ukulahlwa kwamasiko nezithethe okanye ukutshintsha kwenkcubeko neemeko zasentlalweni. 15

3.3 AMAGQABANTSHINTSHI NGENCWADI YESIHOBE Le ncwadi yingqokelela yemibongo ebhalwe ngababhali abahlukileyo nethe yahlelwa ngu B Ngombane ze yapapashwa liziko elibizwa ngokuba yiMarang Publishers ngonyaka wama-2015. Kule theyibhile ingezantsi luluhlu lwababhali, imibongo abayibhalileyo kunye neendidi zemibongo emiselwe ukufundwa ngabafundi bebanga-12. Isihloko sombongo Udidi lombongo Umbhali JJR Jolobe Inyibiba Ngumbongo nkcazo Ukwenziwa komkhonzi Ngumbongo wopolitiko/wonkwintsho/sikhalazo Ingoma kaVelaphi Ngumbongo wopolitiko/wonkwintsho/sikhalazo Umlambo Ngumbongo nkcazo SEK Mqhayi Umfikazi uCharlotte Manyhi Maxeke Yi-eleji /sisimbambazelo/ngumbongo sikhuzo A! Ngangomhlaba Ngumbongo wopolitiko/wonkwintsho/sikhalazo Umkhosi wemidaka Sisibongo Ithemba Ngumbongo nkcazo ZS Qangule Iimbongi Yisonethi Unozakuzaku Ngumbongo nkcazo C Nqakula Intliziyo yam Yisonethi Umyolelo wexhego Ngumbongo nkcazo 3. 4 ISIGAMA ESISETYENZISWA XA KUHLALUTYWA UMBONGO Xa kuhlalutywa/kutolikwa/kufundwa umbongo kusetyenziswa esi sigama silandelayo. Isigama Ingcaciso Intsingiselo Yeyegama ngokwentsusa kwimveli yolwimi, yentsusa/yengcalo/engafihlakalanga eyona ilula ukuyiqonda. Intsingiselo efihlakeleyo Yintsingiselo enqaqhelekanga yegama, exhomekeka ikakhulu kumxholo elisetyenziswe kuwo. Umzekelo. Unomqala kanene uNomsa, akaphoswa zisusa-(unyolukile) Umfanekiso ngqondweni Imizwa (senses)evuselelwa ngamagama asetyenzisiweyo: Xa unga uyayibona into ekuthethwa ngayo- Ngumfanekiso ngqondweni weliso/wokubona. Xa unga uyayiva ezindlebeni -Ngumfanekiso ngqondweni wendlebe/wokuva 16

Xa inga uyayiva ngesikhumba/uyiphatha (ikurheca/hlaba/gudla)-Ngumfanekiso ngqondweni wesikhumba/wokuphatha Xa uyiva ngathi uyayirhogola/iyakunukela ezimpumlweni-Ngoweempumlo/ wevumba Xa uyiva ngathi uyayinambitha emlonyeni ngolwimi-Ngumfanekiso ngqondweni wencasa/wokunambitha. Umfanekiso ntelekelelo Yingcaciso le yenza ukuba kudaleke umfanekiso ngqondweni (le ichazwe ngentla), ukuqaqambisa okuthile Umxholo/ kunye nomyalezo Umxholo ngumcamango ongundoqo wetekisi. Ludaba aluzisayo umbhali/imbongi. (le nto isixelela yona ngomba othile. Umyalezo: Koku kugqithiswa yimbongi kunxulwe ngumxholo. Umoya oziswa yimbongi Ngumoya wovakalelo ubani awufumana ngokufunda umbongo (itekisi). Udalwa sisigama esisetyenzisiweyo, isimo sentlalo nemifanekiso ntelekelelo ethunuka uvakalelo oluthile kulowo ufunda umbongo. Injongo kukuhlokoza iimvakalelo nemizwa yomfundi. Ngalinye, yindlela ophela uziva/uvakalelwa ngayo wena mfundi wombongo. Ithowuni/ithoni Idizwa luchongo sigama esisetyenziswe yimbongi kunye neenkcukacha ezibekayo ezityhila indlela imbongi ewubona ngayo nevakalelwa ngayo yona ngomba ebonga ngawo. Imfundiso Sisiyalo athi ubani aphume naso akuba efunde itekisi, esayame kumxholo wombongo/wetekisi Izafobe zentetho • Zizangotshe zokuthetha ezisetyenziselwa ukunonga ulwimi lwesithethi/ lombhali. Isebenzisa amagama/ ulwimi oluqhelekileyo ngendlela efihlakeleyo. • Isifaniso: Sisafobe esithelekisa izinto ezimbini ezahlukileyo, ezinophawu oluthile ezifana ngalo ngokobume, inkangeleko, isimo okanye ngokwezimbo. Ngaxa limbi luyaxelwa olu phawu okanye lungaxelwa. Sisebenzisa amagama angala: ngoku kwe; ngokwe-; njenge-; okwe-; oku kwe-; ngathi-, ngokufana-; fana-; nezinye. • Isikweko: Sisafobe esizalana nesifaniso koko sona sisuka sithi loo nto ifana nenye yiyo. Ukuba ubani unevumba elibi. Isikweko sisuka sithi: Liqaqa • Isihlonipho: Sisafobe esisetyenziswa ngakumbi xa ubani aphepha ukusebenzisa ulwimi olurhabaxa, ukuqumba isenzo okanye isimo esimasikizi nesilihlazo. • Isibaxo/ubaxo/ubabazo: Yintetho esebenzisa ulwimi oluchaza into ngokugqithisileyo kunokuba injalo. • Isimntwiso: Luhlobo lwesafobe oluthi into engengomntu inikwe iimpawu zomntu. Sixhaphake kakhulu kwiintsomi. • Uchasaniso/ Inkcaso thisisi: 17

Lulwazi/iingcingane ezichaseneyo okanye ezahlukileyo ezikwisivakalisi esinye ukudlulisa umyalezo. • Isinxulumaniso/ Unxulumaniso: Sisafobe esithatha loo nto yenziwa ngulo mntu, isimo sakhe, izimbo zakhe abe selebizwa ngayo • Isifanadumo: • Ukusetyenziswa kwegama ukubonisa isandi esichazwayo/ esenzekayo. Umsebenzi waso kukuchaza ngokuqaqambileyo isenzo, imeko, ubume, isimo. • Impikiswano/ Ioksimoroni: Kudityaniswa magama amabini achaseneyo amelane aze achaze imeko enye engadibani enjalo. • Uvumephika: Xa kuchazwa uphawu oluthile, isichasi solo phawu sibekwa kwimo elandulayo. • Impoxo: Yintetho eveza into echasene nale nto ubani ayithethayo/ yintetho eqhathayo Umsebenzi wayo kukukhubekisa okanye ukuhlekisa ngomnye umntu. • Isihlekiso (isathaya): Nangona kukho uburharha, kwaye kuhlekisa, injongo yako ayikokuhlekisa kuphela kodwa nokugxeka isiganeko esithile, umntu okanye iqela ngendlela echubekileyo. • Umqondiso/isimboli/ummelo: Into emele enye into, kuncwadi, isimboli kufanele ibe nenjongo • Isinekhdokhi: Ukubiza into ngaleyo iyinxenye yayo. Isenokuba yinto enkulu imele encinci okanye encinci imele enkulu. • Uburharha: Sisetyenziselwa ukuhlekisa nokonwabisa abafundi. indlela yokusetyenziswa kolwimi nesimo semeko ziyabahlongoza abafundi bazifumane sele begigitheka ngenxa yolwimi olo lusetyenzisiweyo. • Isiqaqambisi: Senziwa ngokulandelisa isibizo esiphuhlisayo ngesimnini sesibizo esigxininiswayo. • IAluzhini (Allusion): Sisafobe apho kwintetho kubhekiselwa kwinto eqhelekileyo eyaziwa ngabantu bendawo. Isenokusukela kuncwadi: Umzekelo imbali yethu, ibhayibhile okanye iintsomi. • Isigqebelo: Isigqebelo sisafobe esithi xa bekufanele ukuba isenzo siphume kwinkalo ethile suke sibheke kwindawo echaseneyo naleyo besicwangcwiselwe yona. • Ukuphela kovuthondaba (Inkcaso vuthondaba) – Ukulindeleka kokwenzeka kokuthile okubalulekileyo kukwizinga eliphezulu kodwa kusuke kungafezekiswa/ ukubaluleka kweploti kuvele kwanyamalala ngenxa yesiganeko esihlekisayo, esihlazayo okanye esingenanjongo. • Isifanadumo- (Onomatopoeia) Ukusetyenziswa kwegama ukubonisa isandi esichazwayo/ esenzekayo. Umsebenzi waso kukuchaza ngokuqaqambileyo isenzo, imeko, ubume, isimo. Umz: Jekeqa jekeqa jekeqa. • Impoxo- (sarcasm) Yintetho eveza into echasene nale nto ubani ayithethayo/ yintetho eqhathayo Umsebenzi wayo kukukhubekisa okanye ukuhlekisa ngomnye umntu. 18

• Inkcaso-thisisi (Iingcingane ezichaseneyo) Iingcingane ezichaseneyo okanye ezahlukileyo kwisivakalisi esinye ukudlulisa umyalezo. Umzekelo ukungxama kakhulu kuthoba isantya. • Uphindaphindo: isandi esiquphayo esinophinda-phindo lwezandi zamaqabane. Uphindaphindo lungafunyanwa ekuqaleni kwamagama alandelelanayo okanye kwigama elo. Umsebenzi wophinda-phindo, njengesingqisho kukugxininisa ubuhle bolwimi kwimeko ethile, okanye ukudibanisa amagama okanye amagama engqiqo kuphindaphindo oluthile. • Izixhobo zesandi: Uphindaphindo: Bubuchule bokuphindaphindwa kwamaqabane athile. Oku kunokwenziwa ekuqaleni/phakathi egameni kungenjalo ekupheleni kwamagama. Oku kwenzelwa ukugxininisa uluvo oluthile, ingcaciso/ukudala isingqisho okanye ukukhulisa intetho/ukwenza ubumbano (unamathetlwano) nokunonga umbongo. Ukusebenzisa igama okanye ibinzana ngokuphindiweyo ukuphuhlisa ingcaciso ethile • Xa imiqolo iqala ngezandi ezifanayo: Yimvano-siqalo • Xa iphela ngezandi ezifanayo: Yimvano-siphelo (isandi esihamba nesikhamiso) • Xa izandi eziphindaphindiweyo ziphakathi egameni/kumqolo: Yimfano-zandi • Uphindaphindo lwesikhamiso (asonensi) kuxa kukho ucinezelo ekubizekeni kwezikhamiso ezikumagama ameleneyo kumqolo. • IEnjambamenti Ugxalathelwano lwamalungu olungenasingqisho Isakhiwo sangaphandle sombongo Isigama nengcaciso: • Ibinzana: Linani lamagama angenasivisa kumbongo. • Umqolo: Zizivakalisi (azizide kuyaphi njengakubhalo lweprozi) kumbongo ezakhiwe ngenani elithile lamagama ngokwesimbo eso sembongi kuloo mbongo. • : Yintlanganisela yemiqolo ebekunokuthiwa yimihlathi kwezinye iijenra, kodwa sithi zizitanza. Xa kuthethwa ngesakhiwo sangaphandle sombongo kubhekiswa kwinani lezitanza, imiqolo eyenza izitanza. Indlela ezakheke ngayo izitanza. Inani lamagama kwimiqolo. Qaphela: Kuxhaphakile ukuba kusetyenziswe uphawu lomelo sikhamiso/nobumba (‘) ukudala ukufundeka kamnandi nesantya kumbongo. Nakuba la magama ebizwa njengegama elinye, ahlala ebalwa njengamagama awahlukeneyo kuba eneneni akalogama linye. Ngaphandle kolwimi nezafobe ezisetyenziswa yimbongi, izandi, amagama neezitanza zinenxaxheba ekuyileni isihobe. Loo nto yenze ukuba uthi apho ufunda izitanza zombongo uphawule umahluko othile kungafani naxa ufunda okunye okubhaliweyo njengenoveli. 19

Izitanza ngokweSonethi: • Kukho iintlobo ezahlukileyo zezitanza. Ezinye zezi: o Ikhaphulethi (istanza esinemiqolo emibini) o iTripleti / Iteseti (istanza esinemiqolo emithathu) o iKhwatrein (istanza esinemiqolo emine) o ikhwintet (istanza esinemiqolo emihlanu) o iSesthethi (istanza esinemiqolo emithandathu) o iSepthethi (istanza esinemiqolo esixhenxe) o iOktheyivu (istanza esinemiqolo esibhozo) Iimpawu zobhalo kumbongo: Liqhagamshela (-), ikholon (:), isemikholon (;), umelo sikhamiso (‘), iimpawu zocaphulo (“ ”) , iparenthisisi ( ), ielipsisi (…), ikoma (,), isingxi (.) uphawu lokhuzo (!), ukuwabhala bukekela amagama • Umsebenzi wazo: Iimpawu zobhalo kwimibongo zisebenza umsebenzi eziwenza kwiprozi. Zincedisa ukuhlanganisa iingcinga nezimvo, ukuncedisa ekwakheni ukundindana, nokwenza intsingiselo. (okt. Ukuphepha ukungavisisani, kwanokubonisa apho uphefumla khona. Ukunqumama akupheleli ekupheleni kwemiqolo, unganqumama naphakathi, ungayeka nasemva kwamagama athile. 3.5 ISAKHIWO SESIHOBE Isakhiwo sombongo yindlela umbongo owakhiwe ngayo ngokokumila, ukubunjwa nobunzulu obuphethwe ngumyalezo wombongo lowo. Isakhiwo sombongo sahlulwe kabini: Sesangaphandle nesangaphakathi. ISAKHIWO SANGAPHANDLE ISAKHIWO SANGAPHAKATHI Ingcaciso Izafobe: • Ziqaqambisa inkcazo ethile nokuzoba • Isakhiwo sangaphandle sombongo imifanekiso ngqondweni eyahlukileyo sibonwa: imiqolo, amagama, izitanza, (oweliso, owendlebe, owencasa, isingqisho, uthungelwano, isingqi, owevumba nowesikhumba). ukusetyenziswa kweempawu Ulwimi nesimbo: zokubhala, ukuphindwa komqolo • Ingaba ulwimi luphuhlile? Ingaba imbongi emva kwezitanza/imiqolo/, ikweyiphi imo? uphindaphindo, umbuzo buciko. Uphindaphindo: • Ludala ukugxininisa nesingqisho. Imo: Inkangeleko yangaphandle Ezinye izikrweqe: yombongo • Izifanekisozwi (ukuqaqambisa), izikhuzo Izitanza: (zibonisa imo), impinda (ukubethelela ingcamango) • Inani lezitanza kumbongo Izixhobo zesandi: Imiqolo: • Imfanozandi, imfano-sikhamiso, uphinda- phindo, uxwesiso, imvanosiphelo, • Inani lamagama kwimiqolo yesitanza imvanosiqalo. Oku kudala isingqisho. ngasinye. Okuqulathwe ngumbongo: • Udidi lombongo 20

• Mingaphi? Iyalingana? (Ukuba • Umoya wembongi ayilingani, loo nto ichaza ukuba (yonwabile/ikhathazekile) imbongi ikhululekile kuloo nto ibonga • Umyalezo wembongi kumbongo ngayo. Imiqolo inxulumana • Umxholo wombongo ngemvano-siqalo/ ngemvano-siphelo • Umongo wombongo kunye nophindaphindo. • Ilizwi lembongi (lirhabaxa/ lipholile) • Injongo yembongi Inani lamagama: • Inani lamagama kumqolo ngamnye. (umz: amagama mabini/mathathu/mane/ njalo njalo.) 3.6 IMIBA EBALULEKILEYO NEMAYIQWALASELWE XA KUFUNDWA IMIBONGO Isakhiwo Imiqondiso sangaphandle nesangaphakathi Umfaneki- Intsingiselo so-ntelekelelo yentsusa Izafobe intsingiselo Intsingiselo nemisebenzi yazo efihlakeleyo Umxholo, UKUFUNDWA nomyalezo NOKUHLALUTY- Imo WA KWEMIBON- GO Umongo Ithowuni nemfundiso Umoya Ulwimi nesimbo Imifakenekiso ngqondweni 21