IsiXhosa

MIND THE GAP STUDY GUIDE: UKUBHALA NOKUNIKEZELA ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LWASEKHAYA ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LOKUQALA OLONGEZELELWEYO ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LWESIBINI OLONGEZELEWEYO IBANGA 10-12 2021 1

ISIQULATHO UMXHOLO IPHEPHA 1 Isahluko 1 1.1 Bhota mfundi webanga 10-12 6 1.2 Indlela yokusebenzisa esi sikhokelo 7 1.3 Iingcebiso eziphambili zokufunda 7 1.4 Omawukwenze ngomhla wokubhala iimviwo 8 1.5 Amagqabantshintshi ngobume bephepha lesi-3: Ukubhala nokunikezela 9 1.6 Ingaba abavavanyi bafuna ntoni kuwe mfundi xa ubhala eli phepha 12 1.7 Amanyathelo amawuwathabathe xa ubhala isincoko eluviweni 13 ISAHLUKO 2: IZINCOKO 14 1 AMANQAKU AMALUNGA NEZINCOKO 14 ICANDELO A: IZINCOKO 1.1 Isakhiwo sesincoko 15 1.2 Isincoko esibalisayo 1.3 Isincoko esichazayo 2 IINDIDI ZEZINCOKO 19 2.1 Isincoko esibalisayo 19 2.2 Isincoko esichazayo 21 2.3 Isincoko esixoxayo 22 2.4 Isincoko esicamngcayo 25 2.5 Isincoko esivelela amacala omabini 29 3 ISAHLUKO SESI-3 UKUBHALWA KWEZINCOKO KUSETYENZISWA 32 IMIFANEKISO 4 ISAHLUKO SESI-4 IZIHLOKO 35 ZEZINCOKEZIYIMICAPHULO/AMAQHALO NEZACI 5 ISAHLUKO 5 :ICANDELO B: IMIHLATHI 38 5.1 Ileta yobuhlobo/ engekho sesikweni 39 5.2 Ileta yaseburhulumenteni / esesikweni 41 5.3 I-ajenda nemizuzu yentlanganiso 45 5.4 Isivi neleta ekhaphayo 45 5.5 I-obhitshuwari 48 5.6 Udliwano-ndlebe 50 5.5 Ingxoxo yababini 52 5.7 Intetho 54 5.9 Ingxelo 58 2

5.10 Inqaku lemagazini 61 5.11 Inqaku lephephandaba 62 5.12 Irivyu (isigxeko-ncomo) 64 5.13 I-imeyile 67 6 ISAHLUKO 6: ICANDELO C: IMIHLATHI EMIFUTSHANE 69 ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LOKUQALA OLONGEZELELWEYO NOLWIMI LWESIBINI OLONGEZELELWEYO 6.1 Isibhengezo 69 6.2 Ikhadi lesimemo 70 6.3 Ukubhalwa kweflaya 72 6.4 Ipowusta 73 6.5 Ungeniso kwidayari 76 6.6 Umyalezo omfutshane weSelula (SMS) 78 6.7 Imiyalelo 80 6.8 Izalathisi 7 IZIHLOMELELO: IIRUBRIKHI ZOKUHLOLA IZINCOKO NEMIHLATHI 7.1 IRUBRIKHI YOKUHLOLA ISINCOKO (ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LWASEKHAYA) 7.2 IRUBRIKHI YOKUHLOLA ISINCOKO (ULWIMI LOKUQALA OLONGEZELELWEYO) 7.3 IRUBRIKHI YOKUHLOLA ISINCOKO (ULWIMI LWESIBINI OLONGEZELELWEYO) 7.4 IRUBRIKHI UKUHLOLA IMIHLATHI (ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LWASEKHAYA) 7.5 IRUBRIKHI YOKUHLOLA IMIHLATHI EMIDE (ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LOKUQALA) 7.6 IRUBRIKHI YOKUHLOLA IMIHLATHI EMIDE (ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LWESIBINI OLONGEZELELWEYO) 7.7 IRUBRIKHI YOKUHLOLA IMIHLATHI EMIFUTSHANE (ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LOKUQALA OLONGEZELELWEYO) 7.8 IRUBRIKHI YOKUHLOLA IMIHLATHI EMIFUTSHANE (ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LWESIBINI OLONGEZELWEYO) 3

ISAHLUKO 1: INTSHAYELELO EYA KUMFUNDI 1.1 Bhota mfundi webanga le-10-12 Esi sisikhokelo sokufunda soncwadi esibizwa ngokuba yiMind the Gap esenzelwe ukuncedisana nawe mfundi xa ulungiselela iimviwo zakho zebanga le-12 ukuphela konyaka. Amaphepha eemviwo zolwimi lwesiXhosa ngokwemigangatho (Umz olwaseKhaya, olokuQala oloNgezeleweyo kunye nolwesiBini oloNgezeleweyo) mathathu: Iphepha lokuqala: Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi ngokusemxholweni, Iphepha lesi-2: Uncwadi, Iphepha lesithathu: Ukubhala. Olu xwebhu mfundi lusisikokhelo sokufunda iphepha lesi-3 kwisakhono sokubhala nokunikezela nokuzilungiselela xa uza kubhala iimviwo. Eli phepha lesi-3: Ukubhala nokunikezela liquka ezi tekisi zilandleyo: ● Izincoko ● Imihlathi emide ● Imihlathi emifutshane. Esi sikhokelo sokufunda, ukuyila, ukubhala nokuhlola isakhono sokubhala nokunikezela ibanga 10-12 sigxile kwiindidi zezincoko, iindidi zemihlathi emide nemifutshane, ingcaciso, iimpawu/izakhiwo ngetekisi nganye. Jonga kule theyibhile ingezantsi ekubonisa ukuba iitekisi zifundwa kowuphi umgangatho wesifundo Umgangatho wesifundo Ibanga Itekisi IsiXhosa Ulwimi lwaseKhaya 10-12 Isincoko Imihlathi IsiXhosa ULwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo 10-12 Isincoko Imihlathi emide Imihlathi emifutshane IsiXhosa ULwimi lwesiBini oloNgezelelweyo 10-12 Isincoko Imihlathi emide Imihlathi emifutshane 4

1.2 Indlela yokusebenzisa esi sikhokelo Kwesi sikhokelo mfundi uza kufumana oku kulandelayo: • Amazwi obulumko abhalwe nguMphathiswa weSebe lemFundo esiSiseko kwilizwe loMzantsi Afrika. • Indlela yokusebenzisa olu xwebhu. • Iingcebiso eziphambili zokufunda. • Omawukwenze ngomhla wokubhala iimviwo. • Amagqabantshintshi ngephepha lesithathu. • Imiyalelo eya kuwe mfundi efumaneka kwiphepha loviwo. • Ingcaciso ngemibuzo efumaneka kweli phepha nendlela yokuyiphendula. • Okulindelwe ngabavavanyi kumfundi xa ephendula imibuzo kweli phepha lesithathu. • Okulindeleke kuwe mfundi ngexesha ubhala iiviwo zakho zeli phepha. 1.3 Iingcebiso ezisi-8 eziphambili zokufunda. 1.2.1 Cwangcisa ukufunda kwakho ngendlela elula ngokuthi uwahlule umsebenzi wakho ngokweziqendu, Umzekelo inkqubo yokubhala, iindidi zezincoko neempawu zazo, imihlathi nefomathi yomhlathi ngamnye. Oku kuya kukunceda ukuba uqeqeshe ingqondo yakho igxile. 1.2.2 Thabatha imizuzwana uphumle emva kokufunda isiqendu phambi kokuba ugqithele kwesinye. 1.2.3 Qinisekisa ukuba zonke izixhobo zakho zokufunda ziphelele phambi kokuba uqalise, umzekelo: ipensile, usiba lokubhala, amaphepha okubhalela, njalo njalo. 1.2.4 Zithembe ngesiqu sakho, loo nto iya kukunceda ukuba ingqondo yakho igcine zonke iinkcukacha zokufundileyo. 1.2.5 Ingqondo ifunda lula xa kusetyenziswe imibala kunye nemifanekiso. Zama ukuyisebenzisa kangangoko unakho. 1.2.6 Ukuphindaphinda oko ukufundileyo sisitshixo sokukhumbula iinkcukacha zokufundileyo. Qhubeka nokuphindaphinda umsebenzi owufundileyo kude kubelula ukuwukhumbula. Umzekelo ifomathi yemihlathi. 1.2.7 Fundisa omnye umntu /ugxa wakho le nto uyifundileyo ukuze ukwazi ukuyikhumbula lula. Iya kukunceda into yokufunda amanqwakwana oko okuzihlaziya ngokukhwaza/ ngokuvakalayo. Le ngcebiso iza kunceda kuyilo, ulungiso lweziphene njalo njalo. 1.2.8 Ukulala ngokwaneleyo ebusuku, utye ukutya okusempilweni nokusela amanzi zizinto eziyimfuneko kwingqondo yakho. Ukufundela iimviwo kufana nokuzilolonga kwaye kufuneka ube ukulungele ngokwasemzimbeni, emoyeni nasengqondweni. 5

1.4 Omawukwenze ngomhla wokubhala iimviwo 1.4.1 Qinisekisa ukuba uza nazo zonke izixhobo zokubhala ezifana nepensile, usiba lokubhala, njalo njalo. Phatha isazisi sakho kunye neleta yakho echazayo ukuba uvumelekile ukuba uchophele iimviwo. Fika ngexesha kwigumbi lokubhalela, umzekelo iyure phambi kokuba ziqale iimviwo. 1.4.2 Yiya kwigumbi langasese phambi kokuba uhlalele iimviwo ukuze ungachithi ixesha ngokuphuma sele ziqalile iimviwo. 1.4.3 Funda imiyalelo ekwiphepha lemibuzo yeli phepha lesi-3 phambi kokuba ubhale, usebenzisa imizuzu elishumi ufunde imiyalelo ngokuchanekileyo. 1.4.4 Fundisisa imibuzo yakho ngokwamacandelo. Umzekelo izincoko nemihlathi wandule ukukhetha eso sihloko okanye lo mhlathi unamanqaku ngawo. 1.4.5 Wufunde kwakhona umbuzo ngamnye ngokuwuqonda wandule ukuwucazulula ukuze uqiniseke ukuba uyayiqonda into ebuziweyo. Jonga amagama angundoqo embuzweni ukuze akuncede ukuphendula umbuzo. Ukuba umbuzo awuwuphendulanga ngokuchanekileyo awusayi kufumana manqaku. 1.4.6 Yaba ixesha lakho ngokwamacandelo njengoko ucetyisiwe kwiphepha lemibuzo. Umzekelo icandelo A, B no C. Sebenzisa ixesha lakho ngokuchanekileyo. Qwalasela amanqaku ombuzo ngamnye ukuze ukwazi ukuphendula ngokomthamo olindelekileyo. Umzekelo; Isincoko: 50 amanqaku, imihlathi;25 kuLwimi LwaseKhaya, imihlathi emide 30 Ulwimi lokuqala olongezelelweyo no20 imihlathi emifutshane. 1.4.7 Ingqondo yakho mayihlale izinzile ngalo lonke ixesha nokuba ngaba kukho umbuzo okunika ubunzima xa uqala ukuwujonga kuba kusenokubakho ukunxulumana komnye umbuzo obusele udibene nawo. Xa uxakiwe ngumbuzo, gqitha ukuze ubuyele kuwo ukuba ixesha liyakuvumela. Zama ukuphendula yonke imibuzo kangangoko unakho. 1.4.8 Bhala ngokucocekileyo, ngokucacileyo, ngocoselelo nangokulandelelana ukuze kube lula kubakokrekishi ukufunda iimpendulo zakho. 1.4.9 Phambi kokuba uwungenise umsebenzi wakho qinisekisa ukuba ulwenzile uhlelo khon’ukuze ungabinazo iziphene. 6

1.5 Amagqabantshintshi ngobume bephepha lesi-3: Ukubhala nokunikezela Olu xwebhu mfundi lujolise kwiXhosa esiquka imigangatho emithathu eyile ilandelayo: ● IsiXhosa ULwimi lwaseKhaya ● IsiXhosa ULwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo ● IsiXhosa ULwimi lwesibini oloNgezeleweyo Le migangatho yohlukile ngokomthamo wamagama nangokwamanqaku kwicandelo ngalinye. Qaphelo oku mfundi kulandelayo: Imigangatho yolwimi yesiXhosa ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LWASEKHAYA: AMANQAKU EWONKE (100) 7

. Eli phepha lemibuzo LINAMACANDELO AMABINI: ICANDELO A: Izincoko: 50 amanqaku ICANDELO B: Imihlathi: amanqaku: 50 amanqaku (2x25) QAPHELA:Mfundi kulindeleke ukuba baphendule imibuzo emiBINI kwiCANDELO B. ICANDELO ITEKISI IBANGA INANI LAMAGAMA Icandelo A Isincoko 10 240-290 11 290-340 12 340-390 Icandelo B Umhlathi 10 100-120 11 100-120 12 100-120 Phendula umbuzo ubeMNYE kwiCANDELO A, kunye nemibuzo emiBINI kwiCANDELO B. ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LOKUQALA OLONGEZELELWEYO: AMANQAKU EWONKE (100) Eli phepha lemibuzo LINAMACANDELO AMATHATHU ICANDELO A: Izincoko: (50 amanqaku) ICANDELO B: Imihlathi emide: (30 amanqaku) ICANDELO C: Imihlathi emifutshane: (20 amanqaku) ICANDELO ITEKISI IBANGA INANI LAMAGAMA Icandelo A Isincoko 10 90-140 11 140-190 12 190-240 Icandelo B Umhlathi omde 10 80-100 11 80-100 12 80-100 Icandelo C Umhlathi omfutshane 10 60-80 11 60-80 12 60-80 Phendula umbuzo ubeMNYE kwiCANDELO ngalinye. ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LWESIBINI OLONGEZELELWEYO: AMANQAKU EWONKE (80) Eli phepha lemibuzo LINAMACANDELO AMATHATHU ICANDELO A: Izincoko: (40 amanqaku) ICANDELO B: Imihlathi emide: (20 amanqaku) ICANDELO C: Imihlathi emifutshane: (20 amanqaku) Qaphela: Umviwa kulindeleke ukuba aphendule umbuzo ube mNye kwiCandelo ngalinye. 8

ICANDELO ITEKISI IBANGA INANI LAMAGAMA Icandelo A Isincoko 10 90-120 11 120-150 12 150-180 Icandelo B Umhlathi omde 10 60-80 11 60-80 12 60-80 Icandelo C Umhlathi omfutshane 10 40-60 11 40-60 12 40-60 9

1.6 Ingaba abavavanyi bafuna ntoni kuwe mfundi xa ubhala eli phepha? Mfundi qaphela ezi zinto zilandelayo abaviwa abagxila kuzo: ● Makubekho ubungqina bokucwangcisa, bokuyila, bokuhlaziya, bokuhlela nobokulungisa iziphene kumsebenzi oza kuwunikezela kwiitekisi zonke, isincoko kunye nemihlathi. ● Yazi injongo yoko ukubhalayo, abantu ojolise kubo nomxholo – kwakunye nerejista, isimbo sokubhala nethoni. ● Ukusetyenziwa kolwimi ngokusemxholweni, upelo neempawu zobhalo. ● Ulwimi lusetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye lwakhiwe ngokukuko. ● Izakhi zolwimi zibandakanya ulwazi olunzulu ngolwimi. ● Ukhetho magama nokusetyenziswa kwezafobe, izaci namaqhalo ngokufanelekileyo. ● Indlela obumba ngayo izivakalisi kuquka iindidi zazo; ezifutshane, ezimbaxa njalo njalo. ● Ukubhalwa kwemihlathi njengoko uyibonisile mfundi kwisicwangciso sakho osenze kwimephu yeengcinga okanye kwisazobe. ● Ukutolika kwakho isihloko eso uzikhethele okuveza umxholo ngokupheleleyo: intshayelelo, ukukhuliswa kwezimvo nesiphelo. ● Kulindeleke ukuba impendulo yakho ibeyegqwesileyo/ ibenomtsalane, ngaphezu koko bekulindelekile. ● Izimvo zakho mazibe zeziqiqisisiweyo, ezixhokonxa iingcinga ezivuthiweyo. ● Impendulo yakho yesincoko okanye yomhlathi mayilungelelaniswe kakuhle ngokugqwesileyo, ibenothungelwano (enonamathelwano) ukusuka kwintshayelelo, isiqu, ukuqukumbela/nesiphelo. ● Ifomathi obhala ngayo mayibe yeyamkelekileyo kwaye ichaneke. 10

1.7 Amanyathelo amawuwathabathe xa ubhala isincoko eluviweni Xa mfundi ubhala isincoko eluviweni kulindeleke ukuba wenze ezi zinto zilandelayo: ● Eluviweni unikwa izihloko ngezihloko kunye nemifanekiso onokukhetha kuyo. ● Funda imiyalelo kuqala phambi kokuba ukhethe isihloko okanye umfanekiso oza kubhala ngawo isincoko sakho. ● Fundisisa zonke izihloko ozinikiweyo ukuze wazi ukuba kuthiwa bhala ngantoni/sifuna ntoni. ● Khetha isihloko oqinisekileyo ukuba unamanqaku awaneleyo onokubhala ngawo. ● Cwangcisa amanqaku oza kubhala ngawo usebenzisa imephu yengcinga. Imephu yakho yengcinga kulindeleke ukuba iveze amanqaku entshayelelo, awesiqu sesincoko nalawo esiphelo. ● Injongo yemephu yengcinga mfundi kukuncedisa wena kuthungelwano lwakho lwemihlathi leyo uza kuyibhala ngesincoko eso njengoko kulindeleke ukuba ubhale ngokwemihlathi. ● Amanqaku wakho wabhale kakuhle khon’ukuze abonakalise uthungelwano lwemihlathi nezivakalisi. ● Mfundi wakugqiba ukuyila, bhala isincoko sakho usebenzisa la manqaku akho akwimephu yeengcinga ● Yahlula isincoko sakho ngokubhala imihlathi usebenzisa izivakalisi ezifutshane, ezide nezimbaxa kodwa ungasebenzi izivakalisi ezide kakhulu, ezizakude zilahle umxholo woko ubhala ngako. ● Qinisekisa ukuba kukho uthungelwano kwimihlathi yakho, oko kukuthi isincoko sakho masivakale kulowo uza kusifunda ukuba intshayelelo yakho iyaphela ngoku ungena kwisiqu kwaye uyaphetha ngoku. ● Wakugqiba ukubhala isincoko sakho, sifunde ngeenjongo zokujonga iziphene kupelo magama, ukusetyenziswa kweempawu zokubhala ngokufanelekileyo njalo njalo. ● Ekugqibeleni wakube wanelisekile, ngenisa isincoko sakho. ● Xa ubuzwa imibuza lindela, amagama afana nala: khetha,bhala. 11

ISAHLUKO 2: IZINCOKO ICANDELO A: IZINCOKO 1. AMANQAKU AMALUNGA NEZINCOKO Ingcaciso emfutshane ngezincoko Qaphela: Mfundi esiXhoseni sineendidi ezintlanu zezincoko ezifundwayo nezihlolwayo kwibanga 10-12 kwimigangatho yomithathu eyile ilandelayo: ● IsiXhosa ULwimi lwaseKhaya ● IsiXhosa ULwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo ● IsiXhosa ULwimi lwesiBini oloNgezelelweyo Kule migangatho mithathu izincoko zahluka ngokobude bomthamo wamagana alindelekileyo kunye namanqaku owabhalelayo. Jonga kule theyibhile ingezantsi umahluko ngokomthamo wenani lamagama ngokwebanga: Umgangatho wesifundo Itekisi Ibanga Inani lamagama IsiXhosa ULwimi lwaseKhaya Isincoko 10 240-290 11 290-340 12 340-390 IsiXhosa ULwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo Isincoko 10 90-140 11 140-190 12 190-240 IsiXhosa ULwimi lwesiBini olongezelelweyo Isincoko 10 90-120 11 120-150 12 150-180 Iindidi zezincoko Zintlanu iindidi zezincoko ezifundiswayo nezifundwayo mfundi. Zezi zilandelayo: ● Isincoko esibalisayo ● Isincoko esichazayo ● Isincoko esicamngcayo ● Isincoko esivelela amacala omabini ● Isincoko esixoxayo 1.1 Isakhiwo sesincoko 12

Xa mfundi ubhala isincoko kulindeleke ukuba oku kulandelayo kwisakhiwo sakho: ● Intshayelelo ● Isiqu ● Isiphelo Isincoko Intshayelelo Intshayelelo mayidlwengule Isiqu umxhelo walowo uza Isiqu siquka umxholo kufunda isincoko sakho. Mayitsale wesincoko ngokuph umdla walowo elelyo. Isiqu uyifundayo, de sesincoko angafuni ukwahlukana masahlulwe sibe nayo, afune nemihlathi, ze Isiphelo ukuyifunda rhoqo. umhlathi uqulathe ingongoma Isiphelo siqukumbela engundoqo nezo isincoko sakho. zixhasayo. Kufuneka siqhoboshe onke amasolotya umfundi abhale ngawo, kukwalapho uveza khona iingcebiso zakho ukuba kuyimfuneko. 13

ICANDELO A: Irubrikhi yokuhlola isincoko/indlela ekwabiwa ngayo amanqaku esincoko imi ngolu hlobo lungezantsi ngokwamanqanaba esifundo: Kumgangatho ngamnye wolwimi ubonisiwe apha ngezantsi okulindelekileyo, unikwe amanqaku akucacisela ngokuthe gca ukuba ukuze ufumane onke amanqaku akho xa ubhala isincoko gxila kweyiphi imiba. Qwalaselisa ezi theyibhile zingezantsi ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LWASEKHAYA IMIQATHANGO ESETYENZISELWA UVAVANYO IMIQATHANGO AMANQAKU UMXHOLO NOCWANGCISO Impendulo yakho mayiqqwese/ibenomtsalane, ngaphezu koko bekulindelekile. Izimvo eziqiqisisiweyo, ezixhokonxa iingcinga nezivuthiweyo. 30 Impendulo elungelelaniswe kakuhle ngokugqwesileyo enothungelwano (enonamathelwano) ukuquka intshayelelo, isiqu, ukuqukumbela/nesiphelo ULWIMI, ISIMBO SOKUBHALA NOKUHLELA Ithoni, irejista, isimbo sokubhala, isigama zifaneleke kakhulu kwinjongo, abantu ekujoliswe kubo nakwisimo sentlalo. Ulwimi lusetyenziswe ngokuzithemba, 15 luyachukumisa ngokugqwesileyo. Ithoni edlwengula umxhelo nenobuciko. Iziphene zegrama nopelo azikho. Sixongxwe ngobugcisa obukhulu. ISAKHIWO Isihloko sikhuliswe ngokugqwesileyo. 5 Iinkcukacha ezigqwesileyo. Izivakalisi, imihlathi zakhiwe ngokugqwesileyo. AMANQAKU EWONKE 50 14

ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LOKUQALA OLONGEZELELWEYO IMIQATHANGO ESETYENZISELWA UVAVANYO IMIQATHANGO AMANQAKU UMXHOLO NOCWANGCISO Impendulo ebalaseleyo enomtsalane, ngaphaya kobekulindelekile Izimvo zihlakaniphile, zixhokonxa iingcinga kwaye zinemfezeko 30 Isincoko sibekelelwe ngobuchule obungaqhelekanga kwaye intshayelelo, isiqu kwakunye nesiphelo zibonakalisa unamathelwano olunemfezeko ULWIMI, ISIMBO SOKUBHALA NOKUHLELA Ithoni, irejista, isimbo, isigama zifanelene ngokugqwesileyo nenjongo, abantu ekujoliswe kubo kunye nemeko Ulwimi lusetyenziswe ngokuzithemba, luyathabathekisa 15 Ithoni enomtsalane nezafobe zentetho eziphumeza injongo Akukho ziphene zolwakhiwo zivakalisi, upelo nokusetyenziswa kolwimi Sixonxwe ngobugcisa obukhulu ISAKHIWO Isihloko sikhuliswe ngokuncamisayo. Iinkcukacha zibalasele ngokungaqhelekanga. 5 Izivakalisi,imihlathi zakhiwe zaqiqisiswa ngokugqwesileyo AMANQAKU EWONKE 50 15

ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LWESIBINI OLONGEZELELWEYO IMIQATHANGO ESETYENZISELWA UVAVANYO IMIQATHANGO AMANQAKU UMXHOLO NOCWANGCISO Impendulo ebalaseleyo enomtsalane, ngaphaya kobekulindelekile. Izimvo zihlakaniphile, zixhokonxa iingcinga kwaye zinemfezeko. 24 Isincoko sibekelelwe ngobuchule obungaqhelekanga kwaye intshayelelo, isiqu kwakunye nesiphelo zibonakalisa unamathelwano olunemfezeko. ULWIMI, ISIMBO SOKUBHALA NOKUHLELA Ulwimi lugqwesile nezafobe zisetyenziswe ngethoni ephumeza ukudlulisa umyalezo. 12 Phantse kube akukho nasinye isiphene solwakhiwo zivakalisi, upelo nesokusetyenziswa kolwimi. Sixonxwe ngobugcisa obukhulu. ISAKHIWO Isihloko sikhuliswe ngokuncamisayo Iinkcukacha zibalasele ngokungaqhelekanga 04 Izivakalisi, imihlathi zakhiwe zaqiqi siswa ngokugqwesileyo. AMANQAKU EWONKE 40 16

1.2 Amanyathelo amawuwathabathe xa ubhala isincoko eklasini. Xa ubhala isincoko eklasini kulindeleke ukuba ulandele le nkqubo yokubhala ilandelayo: Amanqanaba alandelwayo kwinkqubo yokubhala 1.2.1. Ukucwangcisa / phambi kokubhala • Wakube ukhethe isihloko eso uza kubhala ngaso qiniseka ukuba uyayazi injongo oyibhalelayo nabantu obabhalelayo. • Qaphela imo, indlela yokubhalwa koko kubhaliweyo noluvo loko abhala ngako. • Xoxa ngezimvo usebenzisa, umzekelo, isazobe sokucinga iiflowu-tshathi. • Phanda ngoko uza kubhala ngako usebenzisa imithombo yolwazi/ qokelela amanqaku amalunga nesihloko eso uza kubhala ngaso. 1.2.2 Ukuyila / ukwenza iidrafti • Sebenzisa izimvo ezingundoqo nezixhasayo ngokukuko xa ucwangcisa. • Yenza idrafti yokuqala uthathele ingqalelo injongo leyo uyibhalelayo, abafundi bayo, isihloko nenohlobo loncwadi; • Funda iidrafti ngokuvakalayo ukufumana uluvo lwabanye (oogxa bakho); • Chonga isigama esisiso nesichanekileyo ngokusebenzisa izichazi ezifanelekileyo namagama namabinzana avusayo ukucacisa oko kubhaliweyo • Qaphela isimbo esithile ngokusebenzisa ulwimi nethoni ehambelana ncakasana nabafundi obabhalelayo nenjongo yokubhala. • Vakalisa uluvo lwakho gqibi, izithethe, iinkolelo namava akho. • Bhala iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo zetekisi leyo (sebenzisa ucaphulo ukuxhasa izimvo zakho). 1.2.3 Ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela. ukulungisa iziphene, ukunikezela (ukungenisa isincoko sakho kutitshala wakugqiba ukusibhala) • Sebenzisa imilinganiselo emiselweyo ukuphendla umsebenzi wakho nowabanye usenzela ukuwuphucula • Phucula uchongo lwesigama, isakhiwo sesivakalisi nemihlathi. • Nciphisa ubumbaxa, ukusebenzisa uphindaphindo, ulwimi olungasulungekanga nolungamkelekanga. • Phonononga umxholo, isimbo sokubhala nerejista. • Sebenzisa iimpawu zokubhala uze upele ngokuchanekileyo. • Bhala idrafti yokugqibela. • Ngenisa itekisi oyibhalileyo/isincoko osibhalileyo kutitshala azokukorekisha. 17

2. IINDIDI ZEZINCOKO 2.1 ISINCOKO ESIBALISAYO 2.1.1 Inkcaza: Isincoko esibalisayo sibalisa ibali elithile/isiganeko esenzekileyo okanye esehlileyo. 2.1.2 Injongo: Kukubalisa ibali/ ngesiganeko. 2.1.3 Abantu ekujoliswe kubo: Nabanina ofunda esi sincoko. 2.1.4 Iimpawu zesincoko esibalisayo Mfundi xa ubhala isincoko esibalisayo : ● Bhala ngebali / ngesiganeko esenzekileyo / isiganeko esiqwetyiweyo. ● Bhala isakhiwo sebali esidlwengula umxhelo nesikholelekayo. ● Balisa usebenzisa ixesha elidlulileyo okanye ixesha langoku ukutsala umdla nokungqala kwebali. ● Umhlathi wokuqala oyintshayelelo mawubhalwe ngokudlwengula umxhelo. ● Kwintshayelelo yakho makuvele indawo ekuqhubeka kuyo ibali, ixesha eliqhubeka ngalo, abalinganiswa abakhoyo. ● Kwisiqu sakho sesincoko okwenzeka ebalini makulandelelaniswe ngokwamaxesha okwehla kwebali. Umzekelo ukuba ubalisa ngotyelelo eKapa, sukubalisa ngezinto ezenzeke ekhaya kanti sele useKapa okanye uthi sele usithi ndanxiba uphinde uthi ndathambisa. ● Ubukhulu becala sebenzisa izenzi ezibonisa intshukumo ukuze ibali lakho libe lelikholelekayo. ● Sebenzisa intetho-ngqo xa ufuna umlinganiswa abengathi ngophilayo kumfundi, ingxelo-ntetho ayikukhuthazi oko. ● Igama ngalinye olisebenzisayo lisebenzise ngenjongo ukwenzela ukuba isincoko sakho siyondelelane. Kulinge oku ngokubhala ibali elifutshane elinamagama angamashumi amahlanu. ● Ibali maliye kufika kuvuthondaba.(malifikelele kwesi siganeko singunobangela wokubaliswa kwebali) ● Qinisekisa ukuba isiphelo sesanelisayo kwaye sicacile. 2.1.5 Ulwimi/isigama sokubalisa: ● Mfundi kulindeleke ukuba usebenzise izichazi, izifanekisozwi, izaci namaqhalo ngokufanelekileyo ● Sebenzisa izihlanganisi ezibonisa isizathu nonobangela, isigama sokwakha imifanekiso-ngqondweni, izafobe, kunye nezimelabizo zoqobo ukunqanda ukuba ibali obhala ngalo lingabi nomdintshi. ● Qaphela ithoni, irejista, isimbo sokubhala, isigama esifanelene nenjongo okanye isimo sentlalo. 18

2.1.6 Isakhiwo Ucwangciso zimvo/imephu yengcinga • Qiniseka ukuba iingcinga neezimvo zakho ezikwimephu yakho yengcinga ziyathungelana. Intshayelelo ● Kumhlathi wakho wokuqala apho wazisa khona ngesihloko sakho kunye nokubekela izimvo eziqulathwe sisihloko. ● Mayibe mfutshane kodwa imeme/itsale lowo umbhalelayo ukuze abanomdla koko uza kubhala ngako kwisiqu, ngeliphandle mayithi ndifunde. ● Mayiquke ixesha, isimo sentlalo sebali obhala ngaso kwaye iveze /yazise abalinganiswa abaphambili bebali lakho. ● Umqheba okanye isivakalisi sakho sokuvula sibalululeke kakhulu. Isiqu ● Masiquke uluhlu lwemihlathi ethungelanayo ebonisa ukukhula kwesihloko. ● Umhlathi ngamnye mawuqulathe ingongoma ethile. ● Ungasebenzisa amagama afana nala: ngokufanayo, ngaphandle, nangona kunjalo, naza kuthi enze ukuba intsingiselo icace gca kwaye uqiniseke ukuba kukho uthungelwano lwezimvo. ● Isiqu sikhokhelela kuvuthondaba lwesincoko. ● Imo mayibunjwe ngokusebenzisa ithoni enamandla nethe ngqo. Isiphelo ● Lo ngumhlathi wokugqibela wesincoko oqhina onke amasolotya esincoko sakho. ● Kulapho uveza khona iimvakalelo zakho ngesihloko. ● Lowo ufunda isincoko sakho makeve ukuba ngoku uyaphetha. Amagama afana nala; elokuphetha,kuyabonakala ukuba, njalo, ngenxa yoko azakukuncedisa ukuze isincoko sakho usiphethe ngokufanelekileyo njengoko yokuba sigqwese. ● Isivakalisi sakho sokugqibela salo mhlathi masomelele ze sithi gqolo ukuhlale sihleli engqondweni yolowo funda isincoko sakho. Umsebenzi Jonga kwingcaciso engasentla malunga nesakhiwo sesincoko esibalisayo, ze ukhethe kwezi zihloko zilandelayo: 1. Nangoku ndisayiva loo ntsholo 2. Isala kutyelwa sibonwa ngolophu. 19

2.2 ISINCOKO ESICHAZAYO 2.2.1 Inkcaza Kwisincoko esichazayo uzoba umntu, umba othile, imeko, indawo, nayo nayiphi na into, usebenzisa amagama. Olu didi lwesincoko lungachaza ubume, inkangeleko, isimo, iimpawu nenkqubo. 2.2.2 Injongo Kukunika inkcaza malunga nalo nto kubhalwa ngayo. 2.2.3 Abantu ababhalelwayo Sibhalelwa nawuphi na umntu oza kufunda isincoko. Qaphela ithoni, irejista, isimbo sokubhala, isigama esifanelenelekileyo nenjongo yokubhala isincoko. 2.2 4. Iimpawu ● Yila umfanekiso ngokusebenzisa amagama achaza oko kwenzeka kwesi sincoko sichazayo. ● Sebenzisa imifanekiso-ngqondweni kangangoko unako, umzekelo; oweliso, owendlebe, owencasa, owesikhumba nowempumlo. ● Olu didi lwesincoko lubhalwa kwixesha langoku okanye elidlulileyo. ● Amagama kunye neenkcazo zikhethe ngononophelo ukufikelela kwisiphumo esifunekayo. 2.2.5 Ulwimi/isigama sokuchaza: ● Mfundi kulindeleke ukuba usebenzise izichazi, izifanekisozwi, izihlomelo, izichazi, izaci namaqhalo ngokufanelekileyo. ● Sebenzisa isigama esibonisa iindlela zokulandelelana nokuthungelana kwengcamango nokulandelelana kwemiba, esifana umzekelo; okokuqala, kwakhona, okunye, lilonke, elokugqiba. ● Qaphela ithoni, irejista, isimbo sokubhala, isigama esifanelene nenjongo okanye isimo sentlalo. 2.2.6 Isakhiwo Cwangcisa isincoko sakho. Ungacwangcisa ngokuthi wenze imephu yengqondo okanye ucwangcise ngokwemihlathi. Qiniseka ukuba uyilo lwakho luhambelana nesincoko sakho. Yahlula isincoko sakho sibe nentshayelelo, isiqu nesiphelo. Intshayelelo -cazulula isihloko ukuze kuvele intsingiselo yaso nokusiqonda. Quka ukungathathi cala noluvo lwakho kwinkcazo yakho. Sive usiqonde isihloko osichazayo kangangoko ngendlela ecace gca. ● Yiveze kwalapha kwintshayelelo mfundi into oza kugxila kuyo kwisiqu sakho sesincoko. Isiqu- Masahlulwe ngokwemihlathi equka iingongoma/ imiba oza kunyathela kuyo ekuchazeni kwakho. ● Kunyanzelekile kumhlathi ngamnye ukuba ubenesivakalisi esingundoqo esiveza/ esinabisa ubuthumbu besihloko kunye nezivakalisi ezixhasayo. ● Izivakalisi zakho mazize nemizekelo okanye neenkcukacha ezixhasayo. ● Qinisekisa ukuba unesivakalisi esivala umhlathi ngamnye esibethelela oko ubukuthetha kuwo. Isiphelo- Kumhlathi wakho wesiphelo shwankathela iingongoma eziphambili zoko ububhala ngako kumhlathi ngamnye. Usenokuphetha ngokuvakalisa iingcamango zakho okanye izindululo ngesihloko eso ubhalo ngaso. 20

2.2.7 Umsebenzi Isihloko sesincoko: Ukubaluleka kwemithi Umhlathi 2 Umhlathi 1 ISIQU NTSHAYELELO Isivakalisisi 1 Tolika/ cazulula esingundoqo nezimvo isihloko. Tyhila ezixhasayo izinto oza kugxila kuzoku ISIHLOKO UKUBALULEK A KWEMITHI Umhlathi 5 Umhlathi 3 Umhlathi 4 ISIPHELO ISIQU ISIQU Shwankathela Isivakalisisi 2 Isivakalisisi 3 esingundoqo esingundoqo iingcamango eziphambili nezimvo ezixhasayo nezimvo ezixhasayo UMZEKELO WENDLELA YOKUBHALWA KWESISINCOKO Ukubaluleka kwemithi. Isicwangciso Umhlathi 1- Tolika isihloko (Chaza ukuba iyintoni imithi, izinto ezenziwa ngemithi kubomi bethu) Umhlathi 2- Izinto nezenziwa yimithi- ikhusela ukhukuliseko lomhlaba, umthunzi, iintaka zokha izindlu zazo Umhlathi 3- Izinto ezenziwa ngemithi – ifenitshala, amaphepha, ukwakha izindlu neentlanti, ukubasa Umhlathi 4- Izinto esizifumana emithini- amayeza iziqhamo Umhlathi 5- Nika uluvo lwakho. Lilonke uthini kubantu abagawula nabatshisa imithi UMZEKELO WEZIHLOKO ● Umntu ongumzekelo omhle ebomini bam ● Ukubaluleka kwendalo ● Ixesha lasehlotyeni 21

2.3 ISINCOKO ESIXOXAYO 2.3.1 Inkcaza ● Isincoko esixoxayo sityekela kwicala elinye; kubakho ukuxhaswa okanye ukuchaswa koluvo oluthile olukhabana nolunye. ● Uluvo ekuhanjiswana nalo luxoxelwa ngokupheleleyo. ● Umfundi kufuneka ethathe icala elithile apho adandalazisa khona icala awela ngakulo nesizathu sokuba enze oko, kwaye kufuneka uluvo lucace gca. ● Esi sisincoko apho umfundi anika uluvo lwakhe kuphela, ngendlela ezama ukuqinisekisa ukuba lowo ufundayo angabinasikrokro koko avumelane naye. 2.3.2 Injongo ● Isincoko esixoxayo sibhalwa ngenjongo yokudandalazisa izimvo zomfundi/zobhalayo kwisihloko eso athe umfundi wasinikwa, ukuze akwazi ukuxoxa ngokuzithemba nangokukhululekileyo, ethatha icala. 2.3.3 Iimpawu ● Isihloko sesincoko sikukhokelela ekubeni ukwazi ukusicingisisa. ● Khetha icala elinye ukuze ulixoxele ngocacileyo nangokupheleleyo ● Nika ingqwalasela kumanqaku angqinelana okanye achasana nenkcazelo. ● Bhala ngokwemihlathi kwaye umhlathi ngamnye mawucacise umba othile uze uwuqukumbele phambi kokuba udlulele komnye. ● Mabuvele ubungqina bophando olwenziweyo( kuviwo uya kusebenzisa ubugqina obuphathekayo nobuyinyani , ukuxhasa izimvo zakho, kuquka imizekelo, imicaphulo eyinyani) ● Qala ngokubhala intshayelelo ngesi isincoko ngokwandlala ezakho imbono ngesihloko ngendlela enika izimvo ezizezakho nezitsala umdla. Unokuza nolwazi olunika imvelaphi malunga noko kukwisihloko. ● Kwimihlathi yesiqu beka iingongoma oxoxela phezu kwazo ze ulandelise ngezivakalisi ezizathuzela okuthethwe kwizivakalisi eziyintloko kumhlathi ngamnye.. ● Xa uzathuza nika imizekelo, inkcaza eyinyani. ● Isivakalisi esivala umhlathi sibethelela okuthethwa sisivakalisi esingundoqo/esiyintloko. ● Umhlathi wesiphelo kushwankathelwa ngokugxininisa konke ekunyathelwe kwingxoxo ekwimihlathi yesincoko ukuze ofunda isincoko angabinasikrokro sokuhambisana nolivo lwakho ● Usebenzisa ubungqina bophando obufana noluvu lweengcali. Ungazebenzisa noluvo lweengcali obufana nooGqirha, uPresidenti, umzekelo uPresidenti uCyril Ramaphosa uthi kwintetho yakhe…ungacaphula nobungqina obusukela kwimithombo evunyiweyo. 2.3.4 Abantu ekujoliswe kubo: Nabanina ofunda esi sincoko 2.3.5 Ulwimi ● Kusetyenziswa ulwimi lokuxoxa ● Sebenzisa ulwimi oluchukumisayo, olurhwebesha ingqondo, nolujija ingqondo. ● Sebenzisa isigama esenza ukuba ingxoko ithungelane/inxibelelane umzekelo; okukuqala, kwakhona, okulandelayo, kananjalo, nakubeni kunanjalo. ● Sebenzisa izikhuzo, ezisetyenziswa njengesilumkiso, imibuzo buciko eya kuvuselela isazela sothile nezenzi ezikuhlobo lokuyalela, ukunika imiyalelo. 2.3.6 Isakhiwo Qiniseka ukuba uyasicwangcisa isincoko sakho. Ungasicwangcisa ngokuthi wenze isazobe sengcinga okanye ucwangcise ngokwemihlathi. Yahlula imihlathi yesincoko sakho ngokweengongoma ezingundoqo ngolu hlobo: 22

Intshayelelo Sebenzisa amazwi ambalwa nakhethekileyo Isiqu ● Sahlulwa hlulwe ngokwemihlathi, mhlathi lowo oqulathe ingcamango eyahlukileyo. ● Xoxela okuthile unika ubungqina obuxhasayo. ● Chasa ngokunika ubungqina obuxhasayo. ● Intshukumo esukela kokuqhelekileyo ukuya kokuntsokothileyo. ● Qiniseka ukuba uyilo lwakho luhambelana nesincoko sakho. ● Makubekho uthungelwano nonxibelelwano lwezimvo okanye iziganeko. ● Qiniseka ngoyondelelwano lwezimvo, uqonde injongo, abantu ekujoliswe kubo kunye nesimo sentlalo. ● Qaphela ithoni, irejista, isimbo sokubhala, isigama esifanelene nenjongo okanye isimo sentlalo. ● Kwisihloko krwelela amagama angundoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba usoloko uthetha ngokusemxholweni. Isiphelo Unika iingcebiso ngokubhekiselele kwisihloko. Umzekelo wesicwangciso zimvo: Isihloko: Isigqibo sikaRhulumente sokuvumela ukusetyenziswa komya ngokusemthethweni. Isihloko: Isiqibo sikaRhulumente sokuvumela ukusetyenziswa komya ngokusemthethwemi INTSHAYELELO ISIPHELO ISIQU ISISHWANKATHELO Sebenzisa amazwi ambalwa NEENGCEBISO ngesihloko INKCAZA NGESIHLOKO/ULWAZ OLUYIMVELAPHI NGASO. ICALA AHAMBISANA NALO 23

IMIHLATHI INGONGOMA EPHAMBILI INGONGOMA EXHASAYO YESIQU 1 Ifuthe elibi lomya Umsebenzi weli cuba Ukunyashwa kwamalungelo Ukonwaba kwabantu 2 Ubungozi bokusebenzisa eli cuba Uphando Izigulo onokuzifumana xa unokulisebenzisa 3 Ngabaphi abantu abachatshazelwa Zizathu zini ezibangela ukuba kokukusetyenziswa kweli cuba. basebenzise eli cuba 4 Ukutshabalala kwabantu abalisebenzisayo Ukutshabalala kwelizwe nokungabinathemba kwinkokheli zangomso. 2.3.7 Umsebenzi ongekho sesikweni Fundisisa ezi zihloko zilandelayo, uqikelele ukuba ungabhala luphi udidi lwesincoko: 1. Ukunikwa kolutsha olungaphangeliyo inkxaso-mali nguRhulumente kuyalikunciphisa izinga lendlala. 2. Iingxaki ezibangelwa luqhawulo mtshato ebantwaneni. 3. Inxeba lendoda alihlekwa 4. Imithambo nezemidlalo zezona ndlela ziphambili ekunciphiseni umzimba 5. Kulilungelo lomntwana ukuxelela abazali ngendlela amababaphathe ngayo. 6. Hay’inkohlakalo yomntu emntwini. 2.4 ISINCOKO ESICAMNGCAYO 2.4.1 Inkcaza: Sisincoko esingamava, izimvo, iimbono, iingcinga neemvakalelo zomntu obhalayo. 2.4.2 Injongo: Kukucamngca uvakalisa iimbono, izimvo namava akho malunga nokuthile. 2.4.3 Abantu ababhalelwayo: Nguye nawuphi umntu ofunda isincoko 2.4.4 Iimpawu zaso: ● Kwesi sincoko wazisa umntu osifundayo/obhalelwayo ngamava akho, indlela ozibona ngayo izinto nendlela ovakalelwa ngayo malunga nesihloko osinikiweyo. ● Ungachaza indlela esakuchaphazele ngayo isiganeko esithile okanye umntu othile,okanye amava athile ngokwakhe kwakwehlela. ● Usenokubhala ucamngca ngokungekenzekii, okunqwenelayo okanye okuliphupha lakho elinokuba nefuthe kubomi bakho. ● Njengoko negama lisitsho xa usibhala uyacamngca (ucinga nzulu, uhluza) ngamava uvelela okuhle nokubi (xa kuyimfuneko). ● Unokucamngca ubuya umva okanye ucamngce malunga nokuthile okungekenzeki uvakalise iingcamango neemvakalelo zakho ngako. ● Xa ubhala isincoko esicamngcayo ubhala kumntu wokuqala kuba uvakalisa iingcamango namava akho. ● Xa ucamngca ubuya umva, ubalisa uphuhlisa iimvakaleko neembono zakho ngesihloko obhala ngaso. ● Isincoko socamngco esifuna ukuba ubani acamngce ngokungekenzeki ezithatha ezibeka ngeengcinga kwindawo angekho kuyo ngokweemeko zobomi bokwenyani, ucamngca ezibona ngeliso lengqondo nengqikelelo. ● Xa kubhalwa isincoko esicamngcayo kukwakho ukubalisa kodwa kolu hlobo lwesincoko akugxilwa nje kwiziganeko koko ikakhulu kutyhilwa iimvakalelo, imizwa, neembono ezihamba namava. 24

2.4.5 Ulwimi olusetyenziswa ekubhaleni olu hlobo lwesincoko: ● Ithoni nerejista nesimbo sokubhala: Mazibezezifanelene nenjongo yokubhalwa kwesincoko kunye nabantu ababhalelwayo ● Ngenxa yokuba iludidi lwesincoko esivakalisa iimvakalelo, iimbono, kukwabaliswa,ithoni nesigama siyatshintsha-tshintsha oko kubangele ukuba nerejista itshintsha-tshintshe. ● Ixesha: Kusetyenziswa ixesha eladlulayo, ixesha elidlulileyo xa kubhekiswa kwizehlo neziganeko ezadlulayo. ● Kusetyenziswa ixesha langoku xa kubhekiswa kwiimvakalelo amava neengcamango ezintsha ● Mawucace umahluko phakathi kwexesha lokwenzeka kwesiganeko esiyinxalenye yesincoko kunye nelokucamngca. Umzekelo: Ukuba isiganeko senzeke kwixesha elidlulileyo/eladlulayo masibaliswe kwelo xesha ze ukuba ucamngco olu lwenzeka ngeli xesha kusetyenziswe ixesha langoku. ● Isigama esibhekiselele kwizinto eziphathekayo: Makusetyenziswe amagama anjengezibizo ezibhekiselele kwizinto eziphathekayo ukuchaza nokuzoba amava (okwenzekayo) akho ● Isigama esibhekiselele kwizinto eziphathekayo: Izibizo ezibhekiselele kwizinto ezingaphathekiyo mazisetyenziselwe ukubhekisa kwiimbono, imizwa, neemvakalelo. ● Isigama esidala imifanekiso-ngqondweni: Kubalulekile ukuba kusetyenziswe izibizo ezinentsingiselo ekwanika inkcaza ngoko kuthethwa ngako, izichazi, izifanekisozwi, amagama azoba imifanekiso-ngqondweni iyonke (oweliso/owokubona, owendlebe/owokuva, oweempumlo/owevumba, owesikhumba/owokuphatha nowencasa). Oku kwenza isincoko sakho sibenomtsalane, siphile sivakale sinobunyani ngakumbi kulowo usifundayo. ● Isigama sokuthungelanisa isincoko: Izihlanganisi (xa, ukuba, kuba, nangona, kodwa, kwaye, ngaphezulu, nakubeni, nokuba, kanjalo, nezinye. Izimelabiso, izihlomelo (zendawo, zexesha, zobunjani nezobungakanani nezivumelanisi) 2.4.6 Isakhiwo ● Isincoko esicamngcayo njengezinye izincoko sahlulwe sanomhlathi oyintshayelelo, isiqu (esenziwa liqela lemihlathi) kunye nesiphelo (umhlathi wokuvala/wokuqukumbela) ● Umhlathi ngamnye unesivakalisi esiyintloko/esingundoqo kunye nezivakalisi ezixhasa oko kuthethwa kwisivakalisi esiyintloko/ezinika iinkcukacha ngako. Umzekelo: Isihloko:Loo mazwi abutshintsha ubomi bam Okulindelekileyo: ● Sibanomhlathi oyintshayelelo, isiqu nesiphelo. ● Waxele la mazwi esithethi okanye utolike isihloko ● Kulindeleke ukuba ucinge ubhekisa emva kungenjalo ucamngce ngokungekenzeki. ● Unike ulwazi olungaphambili ngawe, okwakwenzekile/imeko owawukuyo ● Velisa iimvakalelo zakho, iimbono namava wakho ● Vakalisa utshintsho olwenzekayo, nonobangela walo ● Makuvele ukuba olo tshintsho lukhokelele njani kwimpumelelo/kwimeko okuyo ngoku ● Ukuba ucamngca ngokunqwenelayo/ngokuyingqikelelo okanye ngokuliphupha lakho nika izizathu,ungqiyame ngamava okwenzeka ngoku/ wemeko okuyo ngako konke okuziimbono (Naziphi izimvo ezisemxholweni ezihambelana nesihloko esincoko esicamngcayo ziyamkeleka) 25

Umhlathi oyintshayelelo: ● Akungeni mxholweni kulo mhlathi koko uhlahla indlela, ugabula izigcawu. ● Wazisa isihloko kofunda isincoko, unika inkcaza, utsala umdla wakhe ukuba arhalele ukusifunda isincoko sakho. Ungatshayelela njani: o Tsala umdla ngokuvula ngomcaphulo, isihlekiso,amanqakwana acacisa isihloko okanye ibalana elinomdla, elinxulumene noku uza kubhala ngako. o Landelisa ngamanqakwana akrobisa koku uza kubhala ngako. o Vala lo mhlathi ngesivakalisi esiphethe eyona ngongoma engundoqo oza kugxila kuyo xa ubhala isincoko sakho. Umzekelo womhlathi oyitshayelelo: Isihloko: Loo mazwi abutshintsha ubomi bam Isivakalisi esivulayo esingumcaphulo. Ubomi ngumzamo abufuni magwala, latsho amaciko. Oku kukuthi ubomi abulula bufuna ubani owenza imigudu kwaye anganikezeli. Amazwi yintetha esuka kothethayo enokuqulatha myalezo uthile, onokude Isivakalisi esichaza ubeyimfundiso.Akho mazwi abanobulumko ashiya umtshithi owenza ingququ sicacisa ngakumbi kophulaphuleyo,ndinobungqina boko kobam ubomi. isihloko. Mini ndeva amazwi esithethi esikolweni, ndathatha isigqibo esitsha ngobomi bam, Isivakalisi esivalayo batsho batshintsha. kumhlathi wentshayelelo nesiqulathe ingongoma endundoqo ekuza kubekelelwa kuyo Imihlathi yesiqu sesincoko: ● Umhlathi ngamnye kule yesiqu umele kuvula ngesivakalisi esiyintloko/esingundoqo. ● Kulandele izivakalisi ezinika iinkcukacha ezixhasa okanye ezongeza ulwazi olomeleza oko kuthethwa sisivakalisi esiyintloko. ● Iinkcukacha ezixhasayo zingabandakanya amanqaku ayinyani okanye imizekelo kungenjalo iimbono nezimvo zeengcali okanye ezivunyiweyo. Izimvo ezisukela kumava akho wena ubhalayo angamkelwa. (i) Umhlathi 1 (wesiqu): La mazwi ngawo andenza ukuba ndamkele iziphumo Isivakalisi zokungaphumeleli kwibanga lesibhozo, ndazimisela ukuvuka ndilinge kwakhona. esiyintloko somhlathi wesiqu sesincoko. Phambi kokuba ndiweve, ndandiziva ukuba sendisiya nje esikolweni kodwa ndiyibona iluzizi impumelelo yam. Intetho yeso sithethi sasizokusikhuthaza esikolweni, loo mazwi aso atsho kwashukuma ithemba entliziyweni yam. Izivakalisi ezixhasayo, ezinika iinkcukacha. Ayitshintsha indlela endandizibona ngayo, ndaqonda ukuba ebomini umntu uyawa, Isivakalisi aphinde avuke. esiqukumbelayo 26

(ii) Umhlathi 2 (wesiqu): a. Isivakalisi esiyintloko somhlathi. b. Isivakalisi esinika iinkcukacha ezixhasa oku kuthethwa kwisivakalisi esiyintloko. (iii) Umhlathi 3 (wesiqu): a) Isivakalisi esiyintloko somhlathi. b) Isivakalisi esinika iinkcukacha ezixhasa oku kuthethwa kwisivakalisi esiyintloko. (iv) Umhlathi wokuqukumbela/isiphelo: ● Indlela yokuqukumbela kukuba uphinde esaa sivakalisi ibisesokuvala somhlathi wokuqala kodwa usibeke ngamanye amagama. ● Shwankathela iingongoma eziphambili ebekunyathelwa kuzo kwisiqu sesincoko (Oko kukuthi unokushwankathela izivakalisi eziyintloko zemihlathi yesiqu) usebenzisa amanye amagama. ● Vala ngokuzalanisa ukuqukumbela kobekuthethwe kumhlathi wentshayelelo kwisivakalisi esiyintloko/esokuvula. Umzekelo: Lilonke, loo mhla amazwi eso sithethi andenza ndazikisa ukucinga, Isivakalisi esifana ndathatha ezinye izigqibo ngam. nesiya sokuqukumbela somhlathi 1 Kumazwi esithethi ndakha ukuba ukuwa phantsi kukwasisiseko Izivakalisi sempumelelo, tsho kwathi qwenge ndaziva ndisemandleni. ezisisishwankathelo Ndazimisela ukusebenza ngamandla am wonke, ndayeka ukusola kobekunyathelwa abanye abantu, zatshintsha iimeko zam, ndaphumelela. kuko kwisiqu sesincoko (izivakalisi eziziintloko) Amazwi obulumko eso sithethi saloo mini, ndakujonga emva angena Elokugqiba, kum andikhuthaza ndathatha izigqibo ezitsha, namhlanje ndikule kuvalwa isincoko. ndawo ndikuyo, ndiphumelele. Umsebenzi 1: Gqibezela esi sincoko singentla esinesihloko: Loo mazwi abutshintsha ubomi ba Bhala umhlathi wesibini wesiqu ususela kumhlathi wokuqala ongumzekelo kule bhokisi ingezantsi: Umsebenzi 2: Bhala umhlathi oyintshayelelo wesincoko esicamngcayo phantsi kwesi sihloko: Ndayibukela isimka ibhasi lo mini. 27

2.5 ISINCOKO ESIVELELA AMACALA OMABINI 2.5.1 Inkcaza: Sisincoko esivelela amacala omabini nanjengoko sizichaza, kulindeleke ukuba kuvelelwe zonke iinkalo xa kuxoxwa ngomba othile (isihloko esinikiweyo). Ezi zinkalo ezibonisa icala lokungqinela isihloko kwakhona nelichasa isihloko. Ingxoxo kufuneka ilingane macala omabini. 2.5.2 Injongo Kukubeka izimvo ezicacileyo malunga nesihloko osinikiweyo uvelela icala elingqinayo kunye nelo lichasa isihloko. 2.5.3 Iimpawu zesincoko ezivelela amacala amabini ● Khetha isihloko onolwazi oluphangaleleyo ngaso ukuze ukwazi ukuzixhasa ngobungqina obuvunyiweyo. ● Ubeka izimvo ezahlukileyo ezimalunga nesihloko eso usebenzisa ubungqina ngokwamanqaku, amanani, izazobe, iigrafu okanye ngemizekelo. ● Uxoxa ngezimvo ezimbini ezimalunga nesisihloko uzipha amandla alinganayo. ● Akufuneki uthathe icala. ● Usebenzisa ubungqina bophando obufana noluvu lweengcali, Ungazebenzisa noluvo lweengcali obufana nooGqirha, UPresidenti, umzekelo uPresidenti uCyril Ramaphosa uthi kwintetho yakhe…ungacaphula nobungqina obusukela kwimithombo evunyiweyo. ● Xa uphetha isincoko sakho ungaluvakalisa uluvo lwakho. ● Elokuvala ungenza izindululo neengcebiso/ungashwankathela ngokufutshane wenze ilizwi lokuvala. 2.5.4 Ulwimi olusetyenziswayo ukubhala isincoko esivelela amacala amabini ● Sebenzisa ulwimi oluxoxayo. ● Sebenzisa izenzi ezikwixesha langoku. ● Ulwimi malube lolundilisekileyo, oluqulathe unobangela nesiphumo. ● Sebenzisa uphindaphindo lwamagama ukugxininisa kumba lowo. ● Sebenzisa izichazi, imibuzo buciko eya kuvuselela isazela sothile, izivumelanisi zomntu wesithathu. ● Izihlanganisi ezihambelana nonobangela nesiphumo umzekelo: lilonke, ngoko ke, kuba, kodwa, namanye. ● Amagama alikhonkco afana no- kuqala, okwesibini, okokugqibela, kwelinye icala, ngaphandle, okunye, okwahlukileyo 2.4.5 Isakhiwo Isihloko: Imisebenzi yesikolo eyenziwa emakhaya. Isicwangciso-zimvo ● Umzekelo wesicwangciso-zimvo esidakanca zonke iingongoma oza kuzikhankanya kwesi sincoko sakho, uzahlula ngokwemihlathi efanelekileyo. 28

Inkcaza ngesihloko:Inkcazelo ngemisetyenzana yasesikolweni eyenziwa emakhaya. Iindidi zale misetyenzana Umhlathi otshayelelayo Ukulunga nokungalungi konikezelo lwale misetyenzana Isivakalisi esiyintloko esivelela icala elibonisa ukulunga konikezelo lwemisebenzi yesikolo ukuze yenziwe emakhaya ngabafundi. Ukuxhasa kusetyenziswa izimvo zabafundi,abazali nootitshala Isiqu : Umhlathi Xhasa ngobungqina bamanani abonisa iziphumo ezihle zabafundi. wokuqala Isivakalisi esiyintloko esivelela icala elibonisa ukungalungi konikezelo lwemisebenzi yesikolo ukuba yenziwe emakhaya ngabafundi. Ukuxhasa kusetyenziswa izimvo zabafundi, abazali nootitshala. Isiqu: Umhlathi wesibini Xhasa ngobungqina bamanani abonisa iziphumo ezingentle zabafundi. Isivakalisi esiveza uluvo lwakho ngokwala macala mabini. Iingcebiso Umhlathi Izindululo oqukumbelayo Kungalandelwa oku xa kubhala esi sincoko: Isihloko:Imisebenzi yasesikolweni eyenziwa emakhaya Intshayelelo Sebenzisa amazwi ambalwa nakhethekileyo ukudlwengula umxhelo unika inkcazelo ngesihloko. Khankanya la macala omabini oza kunaba ngawo kwisiqu Umz: Imisebenzi yesikolo eyenziwa emakhaya iquka imisebenzi engekho sesikweni nesetyenziswa ukulola abafundi kwisihloko ebesifundiswa ngolo suku esikolweni. Isiqu: Umhlathi 1 Imbono ebonisa ukulunga Ubungqina obuxhasayo: kwale misebenzi yasesikolweni Abafundi: Udliwanondlebe lwabafundi olubonisa yenziwe emakhaya ukuncedakala kwabo kuba benethuba elaneleyo nelikhululekileyolokwenza umsebenzi. Ukuncediswa kwabo ngabalingani okanye abazali babo. Abazali: Iintetha zabo kwiintlanganiso zesikolo nalapho bebonisa ukukuvuyela le misebenzi ukuze igcine abantwana babo bexakekile bengenzi okungendawo. Indlela ekuye kwaphucuka ngayo unxulumano phakathi kwabo nabantwana. Ootitshala: Ubungqina obubonisa ukuqonda kwabafundi ngokukhawuleza. Ubungqina beziphumo zabo ezincumisayo. 29

Isiqu: Umhlathi 2 Ubungqina obuxhasa imbono Abafundi: Babeka ukudinwa nokungabi naxesha lakuphumla Imbono ebonisa ukungalungi kunye nobuninzi bale misetyenzana. kwale misebenzi yesikolo Ukungavakali kwengcaciso katitshala yasesikolweni ukuze yenzelwa emakhaya kube lula ukuyenza le misebenzi. Ukungafumani ncedo lululo emakhaya ngenxa yeemeko zabo zasemakhaya. Abazali: Izimvo zabazali ezisukela kumakhasi onxibelelwano nezibonisa ukungabi nathuba lokuncedisa abantwana. Ukunzinyelwa yile misebenzi kuba bengafundanga kuyaphi. Ootitshala: Ukukopiselana kwabafundi xa besenza le misebenzi ekhaya. Ukuphakama kweqondo lokungenziwa kwale misebenzi emakhaya. Iziphumo ezingancumisiyo zabafundi. Isiphelo Uluvo lombhali ebonisa indima yabazali ekuncediseni abafundi nootitshala. Iingcebiso: Abazali bafune abantu abafundileyo bokuncedisa abantwana emakhaya. Ootitshala banike imisetyenzana ecaciswe kakuhle ukuze ilungele abantwana. Imisebenzi elungiselela uviwo 1.Sebenzisa ezi zihloko zilandelayo ucubungule okulindelekileyo kwisihloko ngasinye. a. Isihloko: Yivoti yakho kuphela enokuzisa umahluko kwimpilo yabemi beli loMzantsi Afrika Kuthiwa bhala ngantoni? __________________________________________________ Uthi itheni? ___________________________________________________ b. Isihloko: Isibonelelo semali kulutsha olungaphangeliyo Kuthiwa bhala ngantoni? __________________________________________________ Uthi itheni? _____________________________________________________________ 2. Sebenzisa izihloko ezingentla wenze isicwangciso-zimvo ngesihloko ngasinye. 30

ISAHLUKO 3: UKUBHALWA KWESINCOKO KUSETYENZISWA IMIFANEKISO 3.1 injongo Kukuvuselela isakhono sobugcisa bokubhala kutolikwa okubonwayo. 3.2 Okulindelekileyo ● Phononga umfanekiso ● Qwalaselisisa okusemfanekisweni kwiinkalo zonke. ● Qwalasela zonke iinkcukacha ezibonakala emfanekisweni ezivuselele imvakalelo, imizwa nemifanekiso ngqondweni ekhokelela kwingcinga ngoko ungabhala ngako ngalo mfanekiso ● Qaphela ukuba ingaba okusemfanekiso kubonakala kukwimo yentshukumo okanye kuzinzile. ● Thathela ingqalelo imiqondiso okanye iimpawu ezithile ezinokuncedisa ukuqikelela isincoko sakho. ● Jonga indlela ezinxulumana ngayo zonke izinto ezikumfanekiso owunikiweyo.likhona na ikhonkco eliqhagamshela iindidi zezinto nemiqondiso neempawu ezithile naphakathi kwabantu nento ekhoyo. 3.3 Xa utolika umfanekiso zibuze le mbuzo ilandelayo: ● Ubona ntoni kulo mfanekiso uwunikiweyo? ● Yiyiphi eyona nto igqamileyo kwezi zikulo mfanekiso? ● Yintoni imbono ephambili etyhilwa ngulo mfanekiso? ● Zeziphi iingcinga/imvakalelo/iinkumbulo namava akufikelayo xa ujonge lo mfanekiso? ● Nguwuphi umyalezo odluliswa ngumfanekiso emva kokuba uwuhlalutyile? ● Luluphi udidi lwesincoko onokulubhala olungqamene nalo mfanekiso uwunikiweyo. (khumbula ukuba ungabhala naluphi na udidi lwesincoko). ● Thiya isihloko esihambelana nomfanekiso. 3.4 Isakhiwo Xa ubhala isincoko usebenzisa la manqaku alandelayo: ● Landela inkqubo yokubhala nokunikezela ngokuthi wenze isazobe sengqondo ngokwesihloko sakho. ● Dandalazisa iingongoma oza kubhala ngazo kuquka intshayelelo, isiqu nesiphelo sesincoko sakho. ● Bhala isincoko sakho uqinisekisa ukuba silandela isazobe sakho sengcinga/ ngqondo. ● Sebenzisa ipensile yakho ukuhlela isincoko ujonga upelo, iimpawu zobhalo, 31

Imizekelo yemifanekiso Qwalasela le mifanekiso ingezantsi wandule ukuphendula imibuzo elandelayo ngomfanekiso ngamnye: Umfanekiso A [Uthatyathwe kwi-www.blackpic/net.com] Umfanekiso B [Uthatyathwe kwi-www.blackpic/net.com] 32

Umfanekiso C [Uthatyathwe kwi-www.blackpic/net.com] Umsebenzi • Bhala konke okubonakala kulo mfanekiso ungentla, uqwalasela okuphambili emacaleni, phakathi nasemva. • Khanyanya zonke iintshukumo ezibonakala kulo mfanekiso. • Bhala isixhobo sesandi esibonakala kulo mfanekiso • Ingaba izinxibo ezibonakala kulo mfanekiso zingumqondiso wayiphi inkcubeko? • Chaza imvakalelo onayo ngokujonga lo mfanekiso. • Ucinga ukuba ngowuphi umyalezo odluliswa ngumfoti ngalo mfanekiso? • Xela udidi lwesincoko oza kubhala ngaso. • Nika isihloko esihambelana noku kusemfanekisweni. 33

ISAHLUKO 4: IZIHLOKO ZEZINCOKO EZIYIMICAPHULO/AMAQHALO/IZACI: 4.1 Ingcaciso ngezo: • Imicaphulo ngokwalapha ziintetha zobulumko/zengqiqo ezithathelwe kubabhali abaziwayo, iinkokeli okanye abantu abahlupheza (abachukumisa) ingqondo yakho kubhalo lobugcisa (lwezincoko) • Ngamaqhalo nezaci kunye neentetha ezinobuciko. ● Imicaphulo inegalelo elimandla ekuthabatheni inxaxheba kubhalo lobugcisa ● Ikunika umhlaba ophangaleleyo wokuba usivelele isihloko osinikiweyo ngobuchule nangokwendlela obona ngayo/elunge kuwe. ● Eminye imicaphulo ingazizicatshulwa ezithathwa kwimibongo, kwiinoveli, iidrama, nakumanqaku abhaliweyo, ijolise kumxholo, kwimbono, kumba/kwinto ethile 4.2 Omawukuqaphele mfundi: ● Ngamanye amaxesha isicatshulwa esisetyenziswe njengomcaphulo omawubhale ngawo, singamalunga neengongoma/imiba emibini ebhekisa kuyo. ● Lilonke ke mfundi, qiniseka ukuba xa uphendulo umbuzo osisihloko esingumcaphulo (esiliqhalo/ isaci/ intetho enentsingiselo efihlakeleyo) kubhalo lwesincoko; umxholo mawubandakanye zonke / uninzi lweengcamango okanye imiba evezwa ngumcaphulo lolwo uwunikiweyo. Ukuba awenzanga njalo oko kuyakwenza ukuba amanqaku wakho omxholo ungawafumani wonke. ● Khumbula ukuba makuhlale kukho unxulumano phakathi komcaphulo/iqhalo/isaci esinikiweyo njengombuzo wesincoko kunye nomxholo wesincoko osibhalayo/osibhalileyo 4.3 Naku okubalulekileyo omawukuqaphele mfundi xa uphendula isincoko esingumcaphulo/iqhalo/isaci: ● Qaphelisisa ingongoma/ingcamango ephambili yeqhalo/isaci/umcaphulo osetyenzisiweyo kulo mbuzo. ● Libeke ngamanye amagama/ngamagama akho iqhalo elo okanye umcaphulo ● Cingisisa nzulu malunga nokuba lo mcaphulo/iqhalo lingantoni-libhekisa entweni ● Luluphi udidi lwesincoko onokulubhala olungqamana/olunxulumana neli qhalo/ nesisaci/nalo mcaphulo? ● Qaphela: Kulindeleke ukuba uqale ulitolike eli qhalo/esi saci okanye ukuba ngumcaphulo unike inkcaza yawo. ● Umcaphulo ungawutolika ngokwentsingiselo yentsusa (xa ingelilo iqhalo nesaci) ● Kanti ungawutolika ngokwentsingiselo efihlakeleyo umchaphulo lowo. 4.4 Umzekelo wesihloko esiliqhalo: Isihloko: Akukho nkanga idubula ingethi Qaphela: Ungabhala naluphi udidi lwesincoko kwezi: Esibalisayo, esichazayo, esicamngcayo, esixoxayo nesivelela amacala omabini, Okulindelekileyo: ● Sahlule ngokwentshayelelo, isiqu nesiphelo isincoko sakho ● Nika intsingiselo yeli qhalo ● Ungabalisa ibali elinesiganeko esinye elingqina okuthethwa leli qhalo ● Ungaveza ubunyani bala mazwi ● Ungazathuza uveze iimbono/izimvo malunga nokuthethwa leli qhalo ● Ungatyhila iimeko apho la mazwi asetyenziswa khona entlalweni/ngabantu 34

Umzekelo wentshayelelo yesincoko esinesihloko esiliqhalo: Isihloko: Akukho nkanga idubula ingethi Akukho nkanga idubula ingethi, watsho umXhosa, ethetha ukuthi akukho nto ingenasiphelo okanye ingafikeleli esiphelweni. Ubunyani bala mazwi bungqinwa kokwakhe kwehla kwilali yaseMzimvo, kwisithili saseQonce, ngonyaka wama-2000 kwinyanga kaEpreli. Loo mini uLuvo, injinga ekade igqugqisa ngobundlavini, isoyikwa nangamapolisa yahlangana neembila zithutha. IMISEBENZI ENGEKHO SESIKWENI YEZINCOKO YOKUZILUNGISELELA Fundisisa ezi zihloko zilandelayo uqikelele ukuba ungabhala luphi udidi lwesincoko. Isihloko Isincoko Isincoko Isincoko Isincoko Isincoko esivelela esibalisayo esichazayo esicamgcayo esixoxayo amacala amabini Wahlukana loo mini nolwimi Iziyobisi Ukuba ndinganguPrezide nti weli loMzantsi Afrika. Ngenene ngenene umthathi uyawuzala umlotha Urhwaphilizo kumaziko karhulumente Yivoti yakho kuphela engazisa umahluko kweli loMzantsi Afrika. Ukugonyelwa iKhorona Icovid-19 kweli. 35

ITSHEKILISTI YOKUHLELA IDRAFTI (UKULUNGISELELA UVIWO) EWE HAYI Umyalelo Ingaba iyilandele Umxholo Ingaba usemxholweni Imo (Ifomathi) Kulandelwe imo eyiyo yokubhala Imihlathi Ingaba isincoko sahlulahlulwe ngokwemihlathi efanelekileyo Intshayelelo Isiqu esinemihlathi ezineengcamango ezahlukileyo. Isishwankathelo Izivakalisi Ingaba zakhiwe ngokufanelekileyo Ingaba izivakalisi ziphelele Zinqandiwe izivakalisi eziphindaphindanayo. Izenzi Izenzi zonke zikwixesha langoku Izivumelanisi Ingaba zichanekile zonke izivumelanisi ezisetyenzisiweyo Uchongomagama Amaqhalo nezaci asetyenziswe ngokuchanekileo na Lukho ubaxo lwezichazi (ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo) Ulwimi lundilisekile na Upelo Ingaba iziphene zophelo zilungisiwe na Iimpawu zobhalo Ingaba zonke izivakalisi ziqala ngonobumba omkhulu. Iimpawu zobhalo zisetyenziswa ngokuchanekilyo na, iziphumlisi izingxi. Funda ngokukhwaza umsebenzi wakho ukukhangela izinto orhalela ukuzitshintsha. 36

ISAHLUKO 5: IMIHLATHI/IMIHLATHI EMIDE ICANDELO B: IMIHLATHI/IMIHLATHI EMIDE Imihlathi yahlulwe ngokwemigangatho yesifundo ngolu hlobo. ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LWASEKHAYA Kulo mgangatho kufundiswa, kufundwe ze kuhlolwe imihlathi kuphela ngolu hlobo lubonakaliswe kule theyibhile ingezantsi: ICANDELO ITEKISI IBANGA INANI LAMAGAMA AMANQAKU Icandelo B Umhlathi 10 100-120 25 amanqaku 11 100-120 25 amanqaku 12 100-120 25 amanqaku ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LOKUQALA OLONGEZELELWEYO KUNYE NOLWIMI LWESIBINI OLONGEZELELWEYO Kule migangatho yomiBini imihlathi yahlulwe kabini; emide nemifutshane. Jongisisa kuletheyibhile ingezantsi umahluko ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LOKUQALA OLONGEZELELWEYO ICANDELO ITEKISI IBANGA INANI LAMAGAMA AMANQAKU Icandelo B Umhlathi omde 10 80-100 30 amanqaku 11 80-100 30 amanqaku 12 80-100 30 amanqaku Icandelo C Umhlathi omfutshane 10 60-80 20 amanqaku 11 60-80 20 amanqaku 12 60-80 20 amanqaku ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LWESIBINI OLONGEZELELWEYO ICANDELO ITEKISI IBANGA INANI LAMAGAMA AMANQAKU Icandelo B Umhlathi omde 10 60-80 20 Amanqaku 11 60-80 20 amanqaku 12 60-80 20 amanqaku Icandelo C Umhlathi omfutshane 10 40-60 20 amanqaku 11 40-60 20 amanqaku 12 40-60 20 amanqaku 37

IINDIDI ZEMIHLATHI (IMIHLATHI/IMIHLATHI EMIDE) • Imihlathi yahluke ngokwendlela ebhalwa ngayo, oko kukuthi ngefomathi kunye nomxholo. • Ngezantsi apha luludwe lwemihlathi emide efundiswayo ngokwemigangatho yolwimi. IMIHLATHI/IMIHLATHI EMIDE: Ziimbhalo zoqhagamshelwano ezinobunyani ezinjongo yazo ikukunxibelelana/ukudlulisa ulwazi phakathi kwabantu ababini nangaphezulu. 5.1 ILETA YOBUHLOBO 5.1.1 Inkcaza: • Olu didi lubhalelwa izihlobo, izalamane nabahlobo ngeenjongo ezahlukileyo. 5.1.2 Injongo • Kukugqithisa umyalezo/ ulwazi nokugcina ubudlelwane. 5.1.3 Ifomathi/ iimpawu: ● Mayiqulathe idilesi enye ebhalwe ngendlela eyamkelekileyo iqalwe kwisiqingatha sephepha, ime, ingaxwesi. Umhla, inyanga nonyaka ebhalwe ngawo mawubhalwe ngasezantsi kwedilesi. (inyanga mayibhalwe ngokwamagama ingengawo amanani umz. 12 Matshi 2021) ● Uvumelekile ukuboleka igama lesiNgesi xa ubhala inyanga kodwa ulibhale ngesiXhosa (umz. Matshi) okanye usebenzise amagama entsusa. Umzekelo: (Kwindla). ● Emva kwedilesi kulandela isibuliso. (umz: Nokulunga endimthandayo) ● Shiya umgca phakathi kwedilesi nesibuliso (isibuliso sibhalwa ngesiXhosa). ● Akukho ziphumlisi kwidilesi, kwisibuliso nakwisiphelo. ● Kubalulekile ukuba imihlathi yakho yesiqu uyahlule ngokweengcamango ezahlukileyo ● Sebenzisa ulwimi olungekho sesikweni ukuya kolusesikweni. (olusesikweni ulusebenzisa xa uthetha nomntu omdala kunawe) ● Isiqukumbelo seleta yakho masibe neminqweno emihle. ● Kwisiphelo seleta yobuhlobo kubhalwa: “umhlobo wakho” kunye negama lakho elingenafani. (Akuvumelekanga ukuba ufake intsayino gama) ● Qaphela: Kwiileta zobuhlobo akubikho mmiselo uthe ngqo wokuba intshayelelo mayithini kuxhomekeke kulowo ubhalayo ukuba unga angahlahla indlela ngelithini. Umzekelo, angaqala mhlawumbi ngokubhekisa kwindaba ebebekhe bazincokola, okanye axolisele ukungaphenduli msinyane kwileta ebeyibhalelwe. ● Qiniseka ukuba uphendula ngokombuzo obuziweyo. ● Qaphela ukuba isiphelo sakho sihambelana nokuba ububhalela bani. Umzekelo: Ukuba ububhalela umakhulu/utatomkhulu kwisiphelo uya kuthi; “Umzukulwana wakho”, ukuba ubhalela umama wakho, uya kuthi: Intombi yakho/ Unyana wakho, wandule ukubhala igama lakho elingenafani ngasezantsi. 38

5.1.4 Ulwimi. • Kusetyenziswa ulwimi olungandilisekanga, irejista engekho sesikweni kodwa xa kubhalelwa umntu omdala irejista iyaxuba, ibonakalise imbeko. • Isigama sixhomekeka kwinjongo, lowo ubhalelwayo nomxholo. Umzekelo; kwileta yokuncoma, kulindeleke ukuba kusetyenziswe isigama sokuncoma. Umzekelo weleta yobuhlobo/ engekho sesikweni: PO BOX 2700 Mthatha 5100 21 Februwari 2025 Malume endimthandayo Ndibhala le leta ngeenjongo zokucela imali yokuya kwithala leencwadi elisedolophini. Utitshala wesifundo seNzulwazi usinike umsebenzi wophando ekufuneka sibe siwugqibile ngomhla we-19 Matshi 2021. Kufuneka ndiye edolophini kwithala leencwadi ukuze ndifumane iincwadi ezinokundincedisa ekwenzeni lo msebenzi. Ingxaki kukuba andinamali yokuya edolophini. Ndicela undiphe imali yokuya nokubuya engangamakhulu amabini eerandi. Ndibulisele Ndiyathembisa ukuba ndiza kuphumelela emagqabini kweli banga leshumi elinanye. kumalumekazi noChulumanco. Umtshana wakho Nwabisa UMSEBENZI 1: Bhalela umhlobo wakho ileta umazise ngendlela oziva ukhuthazeke ngayo emva kwentetho yesithethi ebesize kwenza amazwi enkuthazo esikolweni senu. 39

5.2 ILETA ESESIKWENI/ YASEBURHULUMENTENI 5.2.1 Inkcaza: • Olu didi lweleta lubhalelwa umntu osesikhundleni esithile. Umzekelo; kusenokubhalwa ngenjongo yokucela umsebenzi, inkaxaso-mali, ukukhalaza okanye umbulelo.. 5.2.2 Injongo: • Kukunxibelelana ngeenjongo zokudlulisa umyalezo/ ukwenza isicelo/ ukuvakalisa izimvo zakho/ ukushishina. 5.2.3 Ifomathi/iimpawu: • Kunyanzelekile ukuba ulandele imigaqo eyiyo kuba kulindeleke ukuba kubuye impendulo ngokwengxam yoko kuphakathi eleteni. • Ineedilesi ezimbini (eyokuqala yeyombhali weleta ikwicala lasekunene kumantla ephepha makulandele umhla ebhalwe ngawo ileta. • Ushiya umgca emva kwedilesi yokuqala (yalo ubhala ileta), kwedilesi yesibini(umbhalelwa), kwesibuliso(mhlekazi),komcimbi,phambi kokuba ubhale umhlathi otshayelelayo,phambi naphakathi kwemihlathi yesiqu naphambi kwesiphelo. • Isiphelo. (Ozithobileyo, ngezantsi kulandele igama kunye nefani yombhali, faka intsayino gama). • [Khumbula ukuba akukho ziphumlisi kwidilesi, isibuliso nakwisiphelo] • Qaphela ukuba eminye imixholo yeeleta ezisesikweni ingahambelana neyezo zingekho sesikweni. Umzekelo: Ileta yokubulela, ileta yokuncoma, ileta yokukhalaza kunye nelata yokukhuthaza. 40

UMZEKELO WELETA YASEBURHULUMENTENI: 2 Limpopo Drive Laurie Dashwood Park East London 5000 3 Matshi 2025 Inqununu Nkwanca Senior Secondary School P O Box 28 Komani 5200 Mhlekazi Obekekileyo Isicelo sendawo yokufunda ibanga leshumi elinesibini ngowama-2022 Ndiyinkwenkwe eneminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe. Ndifunda ibanga leshumi elinethoba kwisikolo semfundo ephakamileyo eBulelani. Ndicela indawo yokufunda ibanga leshumi elinesibini kwisikolo sakho kulo nyaka uzayo. Ndenza ezi zifundo zilandelayo: IsiXhosa Ulwimi Lwasekhaya, ezeNzululwazi, iziBalo, ezobuGcisa, ezoLimo, isiNgesi kunye nezifundo ngezoBomi. Ndililungu lequmrhu lengxoxo-mpikiswano, ndikwathabatha nenxaxheba kukhuphiswano lwentetho elungiselelweyo. Ndithabatha inxaxheba kwibhola ekhatywayo ukanti ndikwayiyo nenjuze. Ndingavuya kakhulu ukuba isicelo sam sinokwamkeleka. Ozithobileyo bmgijima (intsayino-gama) Sikelelwa Mgijima UMSEBENZI 2: Bhala ileta eya kuMphathi wesikhululo samapolisa ucele uncedo malunga nobugebenga obenzeka kwingingqi ohlala kuyo. 41

5.3 IAJENDA /ISICWANGCISONKQUBO NEMIZUZU Qaphela: Zisoloko zihamba kunye xa ziphendulwa kuviwo, azohlulwa. 5.3.1 IAjenda (Isicwangcisonkqubo) 5.3.2 Inkcaza: Sisicwangciso senkqubo eza kulandelwa xa kuqhutywa intlanganiso. 5.3.3 Injongo: Kukwazisa abantu abaza kuba yinxalenye yentlanganiso ngemiba eza kushukuxwa ukuze bazilungiselele. Kukunika abantu abakwintlanganiso uqikelelo ngexesha eliza kuthatyathwa kule ntlanganiso. 5.3.4 Abantu ababhalelwayo: Ngabantu abamenyiweyo entlanganisweni/ ngabantu abaselungelweni lokuthabatha inxaxheba entlanganisweni. 5.3.5 Ifomathi/ iiimpawu: • Mayicwangcise inkqubo eza kulandelwa kwintlanganiso. • Makubhalwe iingongoma kuphela • Imibandela eza kuxoxwa mayinonjolwe (mayinambarishwe) ukuze icace nakubani na. • Imiba idla ngokulandlelaniswa ngolu hlobo: Ukuvula nolwamkelo; Abakhoyo; izingxengxezo zabangekhoyo;Ukufundwa kwemizuzu yentlanganiso edlulileyo nolwamkelo lwayo, Imivuka (imiba engazange ixoxwe igqitywe kwintlanganiso edlulileyo); Imiba engundonqo( imiba eza kuxoxwa nesisizathu sokubizwa kwentlanganiso); Ukwaziswa komhla wentlanganiso elandlelayo; ukuvala. 5.4 IMIZUZU YENTLANGANISO 5.4.1 Inkcaza: Imizuzu zizigqibo zentlanganiso ibibanjiwe. 5.4.2 Injongo: • Kukuqinisekisa ukuba izigqibo zentlanganiso zicholacholwe, zabhalwa phantsi ukuze kubekho ubungqina obubhaliweyo kwabantu ababekho, abangekhoyo kunye nezigqibo zemiba yengxoxo. • Kukusebenzisa imizuzu njengesiseko sentlanganiso eya kulandela. 5.4.3 Abantu ababhalelwayo: • Nabani na oza kufunda imizuzu asebenzisa izigqibo zentlanganiso njengomkhombandlela. 42

5.4.4 Ifomathi/I impawu: • Bhala igama lequmrhu elibambe intlanganiso. • Umhla wentlanganiso, indawo kunye nexesha ebibanjwe ngayo. • Kubhalwa kuphela izigqibo ezithatyathwe kwintlanganiso • Uvumelekile ukuba usebenzise amagama athi “Kugqitywe ekubeni…..” • Imizuzu mayibhalwa ilandele iingongoma zeajenda. • Makuvele umhla, indawo nexesha engene ngalo intlanganiso • Dwelisa amagama abantu abakhoyo kwintlanganiso • Bhala amagama abantu abangxengxezileyo. • Imibandela eza kuxoxwa mayinonjolwe. • Sebenzisa izenzi ezikwixesha elidlulileyo. • Bhala isaziso sentlanganiso eza kulandelwa. • Makuvele ixesha ephume ngayo intlanganiso. • Bhala umnqulunqi wemizuzu ohambelane nombuzo. • Bhala umhla ekuqulunqwe ngayo le mizuzu. 5.4.5 Ulwimi olusetyenziswayo: • Ulwimi olundilisekileyo • Amagama afana no”kugqitywe” • Kusetyenziswa ixesha elidlulileyo 5.4.6 Isakhiwo: • Isivakalisi esivulayo esiqulathe: Abanini nabathabathi-nxaxheba (ababambe intlanganiso), indawo ebibanjelwe kuyo ixesha lokungena kwayo. • Isiqu : Iingongoma ezihambelana nemizuzu yentlanganiso. • Isiphelo: Umqulunqi wemizuzu (ohambelana nombuzo) nomhla equlunqwe ngayo. Umzekelo wesicwangcisonkqubo nemizuzu yentlanganiso Umzekelo weajenda nemizuzu: Umbuzo: NjengoNobhala webhunga labafundi ,yenza isicwangciso zimvo nemizuzu yentlanganiso. Landela lo mzekelo ungezantsi: Isicwangciso zimvo: Iajenda nemizuzu ISICWANGCISOZIMVO SEAJENDA NEMIZUZU • Tshayelela ngolu • Kwisiqu bhala ngolu • Qukumbela ngoku: hlobo: hlobo. Igama lequmrhu elibambe Bhala iingongoma zeajenda Umqulunqi wemizuzu intlanganiso ugxile kwimibandela Umhla ekuqulunqwe ngawo Umhla wentlanganiso yengxoxo. imizuzu Indawo yentlanganiso Bhala imizuzu (Izigqibo Ixesha ebibanjwe ngayo zentlanganiso) ehambelana intlanganiso. neajenda 43

I-AJENDA/ ISICWANGCISO-NKQUBO EMIZUZU YENTLANGANISO YESIGQEBA SABAFUNDI (RCL) SASETSHOTSHUVE S.S.S. Umhla: 20 kuMatshi 2025 Indawo: Kwiholo yesikolo saseTshotshuve Ixesha : Intsimbi yesibini malanga. I-AJENDA/ ISICWANGCISO-NKQUBO 1. Uvulo nolwamkelo. 2. Abakhoyo nezingxengxezo. 3. Ufundo lwemizuzu yentlanganiso edlulileyo. 4. Imivuka. 5. Imiba yengxoxo: 5.1 Ukushokoxeka kweencwadi zokufunda 5.2 Ukongezwa komdlalo weqakamba kwimidlalo ekhoyo. 6. Eminye imiba 7. Isaziso sentlanganiso ezayo 8. Uvalo. IMIZUZU YENTLANGANISO: (Mayihambelane neengongoma zeAjenda/ Isicwangcisonkqubo) Uvulo nolwamkelo Intlanganiso ivulwe nguNobhala ngomthandazo ngentsimbi yesibini Malanga Abakhoyo nezingxengxezo. Abakhoyo, uSihlalo, uNobhala, uNondyebo, amalungu amabini esigqeba kunye nabafundi. Izingxengxezo khange zibekho. (Kuhanjiswe irejista abakhoyo batyikitya) Ufundo lwemizuzu yentlanganiso edlulileyo. Ifundiwe imizuzu yaza yamkelwa. Imivuka Khange ibekho. Imiba yengxoxo Ukushokoxeka kweencwadi zokufunda. Kugqitywe ekubeni kuncediswe ukunyusa ingxowa yemali yesikolo ngokubhala ileta eya koongxowankulu basekuhlaleni kucelwe amalizo ukuze kuthengwe iincwadi.Ukongezwa komdlalo weqakamba kwimidlalo ekhoyo. Kugqitywe ekubeni lomdlalo wongezwe kwimidlalo ekhoyo. Eminye imiba. Ayikhange ibekho Isaziso sentlanganiso ezayo Intlanganiso elandelayo iya kuba ngomhla we-15 kuMatshi ngentsimbi yesibini malanga Ukuvala: Ivalwe nguNondyebo ngomthandazo ngentsimbi yesiNe matshona. Umqulunqi: S. Zabo (UNobhala) Umhla : 20 kuMatshi 2025 UMSEBENZI 3 NjengoNobhala wolutsha kwinkonzo yakho, bhala iAjenda nemizuzu yentlanganiso apho benixoxa ngamalungiselelo egqungquthela yolutsha eniza kuba nayo. 44

5.4 ISIVI NELETA EYIKHAPHAYO 5.4.1 Inkcaza: Yincwadana ekhapha iSivi engqamene nesicelo somsebenzi. 5.4.2 Injongo ngeleta ekhapha iSivi: Ileta yesicelo somsebenzi isetyenziselwa ukushwankathela oko ukunqwenelayo xa usenza isicelo somsebenzi. Kungenjalo, kukushwanjathela ngokufutshane iinkcukacha eziphambili ezikwaqulethwe yiSIVI, kunikwa ingcaciso. 5.4.3 Abantu Ababhalelwayo: Ngumqeshi okhuphe isibhengezo somsebenzi 5.5.1. Inkcaza: ISivi /isicwangciso ngobomi, ziinkcukhaca ezizeleyo zobomi kunye namava omntu ofuna umsebenzi. Ubomi bakhe buquka iinkcukhaca ngaye, akuzuzileyo kunye nezinto aye wazibandakanya kuzo ebomini bakhe. Yindlela yokuzithengisa komntu kangangoko anakho khon’ukuze lo mntu ofuna ukumqesha aqonde ukuba ungumpondo zihlanjwe. 5.5.2 injongo ngesivi: Ukunika iinkcukhaca ngobomi bomntu neziqinisekiso zemfundo 5.5.3 Abantu ababhalelwayo: Ngumqeshi 5.5.4 Ifomathi /iimpawu • Ileta esesikweni. • Iidilesi ezimbini (eyokuqala isekoneni kwicala lasekunene yile yalo ubhala ileta, eyesibini isekhohlo yile yalo ileta ijolise kuye. • Isibuliso esindilisekileyo • Umcimbi okhankanya isicelo somsebenzi • Umhlathi wokuqala ochaza injongo yale leta ihambelana nokubhalwe kumcimbi. • Khankanya umthombo ebesibhengezwe kuwo esi sithuba. • Xela eli candelo ulinqwenelayo. (qaphela awunabi kakhulu kuba iinkcukacha ezicacileyo zezo zifumaneka kwiSivi ehamba kunye neleta. • Umhlathi olandelayo unika iinkcukhaca ngawe eziquphileyo kuba ingcaciso ethe vetshe yileyo ifumaneka kwiSivi. • Umhlathi oqukumbelayo okhombisa lowo ufundayo ileta ngeenkcukacha ezibhalwe kwiSivi. • Isiphelo: Isiphelo esichanekileyo esihambelana nomxholo weleta, sibandakanya igama lomntu ofaka isicelo. 5.5.5 Ulwimi: • Sebenzisa imigaqo yolwimi efana noMhlekazi, Ozithobileyo • Ulwimi olusesikweni 45

5.5.6 Ifomathi /iimpawu zeSivi: • Yibhale kwiphepha elisemgangathweni. • ISivi yakho mayithi ngqo ingajikelezi ibesemxholweni. • Bhala kuphela izinto ezinokubangela ukuba umqeshi athabatheke nguwe. • Bhala ngokunyanisekileyo. • Yiguqule iSivi yakho ilungele iinkcukacha zodidi lomsebenzi owufunayo. • ISivi yakho mayiquke ezi zinto zilandelayo: Iinkcukacha ngawe. :Umhla wokuzalwa, ubuzwe, inombolo yesazisi, idilesi,inombolo yemfonomfono,isini osiso, isimo sempilo. • Iziqinisekiso zemfundo onazo.: Zihlengahlengiswe ngokweminyaka • Amava onawo omsebenzi (ukuba akhona) • Izinto onomdla kuzo. • Thetha inyaniso yodwa. • Abantu abanokunika ulwazi ngawe (abantu abanokukungqina).: Ngabantu abanokwenza ingxelo ngokuziphatha kwakho 5.5.7 Ulwimi: • Ulwimi olusesikweni Umzekelo weleta ekhapha isivi: 4 Jojweni Stalato Aliwal North 2515 3 KuMatshi 2025 Umanejala Edgars Stores Aliwal North 2515 Mhlekazi Obekekileyo Umcimbi: Isicelo somsebenzi Esi sicelo singqamene nesithuba sexeshana sokuncedisa ekuphenduleni iimfonomfono. Isithuba endisibone sipapashwe kwiphephandaba i”Sakhumzi” langomhla woku-1 kuMatshi kulo nyaka. Ndingumfana oneminyaka engama-20 ndiphumelele ibanga leshumi kunyaka wama2018 kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo iKhanyisa.Ndenza izifundo zoshishino kwiYunivesithi yaseFort Hare. Iinkcukhacha ezipheleleyo ngobomi namava am zifumaneka kwiSivi ehambelana nale leta. Ndingavuya ukuba isicelo sam singamkeleka. Ozithobileyo Lhabe Linamandla Habe 46

Umzekelo weSIVI ISIVI KALINAMANDLA HABE IINKCUKACHA NGAM IFANI Habe IGAMA Linamandla IDILESI YASEKHAYA Jojweni Street Aliwal North 2515 INOMBOLO YOCINGO (051)955 5970 ISINI Yindoda INOMBOLO YESAZISI 8809265457083 UMHLA WOKUZALWA 26 kuSeptemba 1988 ULWIMI LWENKOBE IsiXhosa EZINYE IILWIMI IsiNgesi, IsiBhulu IMPILO Intle IZINTO ENDIZITHANDAYO Ukufunda, umculo nezemidlalo IPHEPHAMVUME LOKUQHUBA Khowudi 14 INKCUKACHA NGEMFUNDO ISIKOLO ESIPHAKAMILEYO Khanyisa high School IBANGA Imatriki UNYAKA 2000 IZIFUNDO ENDIZIPHUMELELEYO IsiXhosa, isiBhulu, isiNgesi, IziBalo, ezeNzululwazi, UbuChwephesha IZIKO ELIPHAKAMILEYO LEMFUNDO Fort Hare ICANDELO Izifundo zoshishino UNYAKA Ndisaqhuba IINKCUKACHA NGOMSEBENZI IGAMA LEKAMPANI PEP OWONA MSEBENZI Ukuhlawulisa abathengi UNYAKA 2005-2008 ABANOKUNGQINA NGEENKCUKHACA: 1. H. Z Lunika- Imanejala kwaPEP Inombolo yomnxeba: (079 884 2670) 2. B. Zondo - Inqununu yesikolo Inombolo yomnxeba (061 7026392) 3.. P. Yamkelo - Umfundisi Inombolo Yomnxeba:( 073 337 8960) UMSEBENZI 4: Bhala isivi yesicelo somsebenzi wethutyana wokuba ngumabhalana neleta eyikhaphayo. 47

5.5 IOBHITSHWARI 5.5.1. Inkcaza Iobhitshwari ngamagqabantshintshi ngobomi bomntu ongasekhoyo. (Isaziso)Yazisa ngokufa kwakhe. Ngokwenkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam noHlolo iobhitshuwari, iquka isaziso, itribhyuthi neyuloji. Itribhyuthi yiintetho/isenzo sokubulela, ukunika imbeko, nokuwonga nokubuka(mhlawumbi ngezipho) lowo ungasekhoyo kanti nophilayo). Iyuloji:Yintetho yokuthi ndlela ntle kongasekhoyo eyenziwa emngcwabeni wakhe. Iphalaza iingcinga ngaye, kuvakaliswa kusabelwana ngeemvakalelo eziwonga nezinika imbeko kuhlonitshwa lo ungasekhoyo. Uyanconwa, ebongwa kugxilwe kwizinto ayakukhunjulwa ngazo. (inokwenziwa ibesisibongo/umbongo). Oko kunokwenziwa lusapho, zizihlobo nezalamane. 5.5.2 Injongo: Kukukhumbula lowo ungasekhoyo. 5.5.3 Abantu ababhalelwayo: Ngabantu abazimase umngcwabo nabamaziyo. 5.5.4 Ifomathi/ Iimpawu Ibhalwa kumntu wesithathu HAYI kumntu wokuqala u(NDI) kuba iobhitshwari ibhekiselele kubomi bomntu ongasekhoyo hayi kumntu osaphilayo. Umhlathi 1: Amagama omfi; umhla wokuzalwa; indawo azalelwe kuyo; umnombo (abazali); umhla wokubhubha; indawo abhubhele kuyo; (unobangela wokubhubha angafakwa). (ISAZISO NGOBHUBHILEYO) Umhlathi 2: Imfundo yakhe: kumabanga asezantsi kunye naphakamileyo. Amava wakhe kwezomsebenzi. Igalelo lakhe ekuhlaleni; izinto abekholelwa kuzo; abezibalule ngazo nezinto ayakukhunjulwa ngazo. (ITRIBYUTHI) Umhlathi 3: Amabalana ngaye. Iinkumbulo abanazo abantu befemeli, izihlobo nezalamane zakhe ngaye, amazwi okukhapha lo ungasekhoyo (umfi). Kufuneka konke oku kuzobe umfanekiso ocace gca ngaye, ukuba ebengumntu onjani. (IYULOJI) Umhlathi 4: Amazwi ovelwano kusapho lomfi nezalamane. 48

5.5.5 Indlela yokubhala iobhitshwari Isicwangciso seobhitshuwari: Umhlathi 1: Amagama omfi; umhla wokuzalwa; indawo azalelwe kuyo; umnombo (abazali); umhla wokubhubha; indawo abhubhele kuyo; (unobangela wokubhubha angafakwa). Umhlathi 2: Imfundo yakhe: kumabanga asezantsi kunye naphakamileyo. Amava wakhe kwezomsebenzi. Igalelo lakhe ekuhlaleni; izinto abekholelwa kuzo; abezibalule ngazo nezinto ayakukhunjulwa ngazo. Umhlathi 3: Amabalana neentetho zokumkhumbula, nezimchazayo. Amazwi okumncoma nokumkhapha lo ungasekhoyo (umfi). Umhlathi 4: Amazwi ovelwano kusapho lomfi nezalamane UMZEKELO WEOBHITSHWARI UNOKUZOLA MGIJIMA: 15 Julayi 1987- 26 Februwari 2021 UNokuzola Mgijima wazalwa ngomhla we-15 kuJulayi 1987, ezalelwa kwilali yaseCala kuSifonondile. Uzalwa ngubawo uMzoli nomama uWendy Mongo.Ugule ixesha elifutshane wasweleka ngomhla wama-26 kuFebruawari 2021 eneminyaka engama-34, eswelekela eKapa. Ushiya ngasemva umyeni wakhe, abazali bakhe, udade wabo, abanakwabo kunye nabantwana bakhe. Amabanga aphantsi uwafunde kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi iNtsokotha, waza wadlulela kwisikolo samabanga aphezulu iMazibuko. Apho uphumelele ibanga leshumi elinesibini. Ufumene umsebenzi kwaMasipala eKomani njengomabhalana. Ubonwe ngumfana wakwaMgijima balizwa emtshatweni wabo ngabantwana abathathu uSihle, uLona noThando. UNokuzola ngumntu obethanda ukucula kangangokuba wazimanya neqela lomculo lasekuhlaleni iSiyaphakama Adult Choir. Ubuye nembasa yokucula isolo kuMzantsi Afrika uphela. Sakumkhumbula njengomntu obeneliso elibanzi kulutsha, ebanceda kakhulu abantwana abahlala kumakhaya angenabazi. Phumla ngoxolo Zikhali, Jojo. Ukwenjenje oku sithi ndlela-ntle. Ibisisisele senyathi kwabeneendlebe. UMdengeentonga kwezomculo. Umlonjikazi. Ukuba ebekhule mandulo ngeyinkxentsi nentshili edumileyo. Incoko zakhe eziphuphuma ulwazi nobuso obuhlala buhonjiswe luncumo nanamhla oku zithe thaa. Sohlala simkhumbula. Kuni mzi wamaMpondo nakooZikhali sithi ngazwinye, thuthuzelekani, akuhlanga lungehlanga. Myekeni aphumle ngoxolo ningamlileli ngoba umzam’ omhle uwuzamile, ugqatso ulufezile. 49

UMSEBENZI 4: Bhala iobhitshwari yenkokeli eyaziwayo nezibalule ngokusebenzela uluntu kwingingqi ohlala kuyo. 5.6 UDLIWANONDLEBE 5.6.1 Inkcaza: • Yingxoxo elungiselelweyo necwangcisiweyo ephakathi kwabantu ababini okanye komntu omnye neqela labantu 5.6.2 Abantu ababhalelwayo: Ngabantu abaludingayo ulwazi olo kubhalwa ngalo 5.6.3. Injongo: • Kukufumana ulwazi malunga nomba othile/kukufumana ulwazi oluza kusetyenziselwa okuthile. 5.6.4 Ifomathi/iimpawu : ● Ingxoxo ibhalwa njengoko isenzeka. ● Shiya umgca phakathi kwezithethi. ● Imibuzo mayicace ingqale kwaye ibuzelwe iinjongo ezisekelwe ekufezeni iinjongo zokuqhutywa kodliwano-ndlebe. ● Ophendulayo makanike iimpenduo ezingqale kokubuzwayo angawanqi. ● Imibuzo mayibe yengathathi cala, engacaluliyo ● Imibuzo mayibeluhlobo lwemibuzo evulelekileyo ● Umntu omnye usenokubuzwa imibuzo yiphaneli. ● Iimpendulo mazibonise ulwazi oluphangaleleyo nolunzulu malunga nesihloko eso, kwaye zinike inkcaza nengcaciso kangangoko. ● Akusetyenziswa zimpawu zocaphulo ● Obuzayo nophendulayo banakho ukuthetha kumntu wokuqala (Basebenzise u-ndi) 5.6.5 Ulwimi olusetyenziswayo kudliwanondlebe: • Kusetyenziswa ulwimi olundilisekileyo kodwa lungantsonkothi • isigama singqamana nomxholo wodliwanondlebe • Khetha isigama esichanayo nesikwazi ukuyithetha yonke into ofuna ukuyithetha ngamagama ambalwa/ngokufutshane, uzekelisa 50

5.6.6 Isakhiwo sodliwanondlebe: Intshayelelo: Kuqalwa kwenziwe izalathisi zaseqongeni kuvele abathabathi-nxaxheba, indawo abakuyo, ixesha nomxholo (umba) osisizathu sokuqhutywa kodliwanondlebe. Qaphela, makuvele izikhundla abakuzo/ udidi lwabantu abalulo (Umzekelo: UBonga ongumfundi webanga lethoba). Kungabuliswana ukuhlahla indlela nokunika imbeko kodwa akukho mfuneko yancoko ibheke phi kuba ayiyoncoko/ngxoxo. Isiqu: Kuqala imibuzo yodliwanondlebe: • Indlela yokulubhala kukubhala umbuzo olandelwa yimpendulo. • Shiya umgca phakathi kwezithethi. • Qala kumgca osekhohlo ubhale igama lesithethi lilandelwe yikholon. • Azifakwa iimpawu zocaphulo. • Qaphela: Kwisiqu obuzayo ubuza imibuzo esemxholweni emalunga nesihloko nobuzwayo uphendula okubuzwayo. Isiphelo: Makuvakale ukuba izithethi ziyahlukana. • Isithethi ebesize kuphanda sibulela ulwazi esilufumeneyo esinye sibulele ukuchongwa njengomthombo wolwazi • Ukuba lolwengqesho abo bebesisigqeba esichophele udliwanondlebe (iphaneli) banika ithuba lokuba lo ebebuzwa imibuzo, aphefumle (abuze imibuzo okanye avakalise ukwaneliseka/ukunganeliseki yinkqubo). • Obebuzwa imibuzo unokubulela ukuchongwa, nenkqubo leyo. Umzekelo wodliwanondlebe: (Udliwanondlebe oluphakathi kwegosa elimele idyunivesithi kwicandelo lezamakhondo kunye nomfundi okwibanga leshumi elinambini.) Zandile: Ndiyabulisa Mnumzana Phosa. Mnu. Phosa: Molo Zandile, enkosi. Zandile: Ndibulela ukundinika kwakho ithuba lokukhe ndize kuqondisisa malunga namakhondo endifuna ukwalandela. Mnu. Phosa: Khawuthi gqabagqaba ngamakhondo abe mathathu onqwenel ukuwalandela siza kujonga kuwo. Ndinqwenela ukufundela ukuba ngunontlalo ntle, ubutitshala Zandile: okanye ubugqwetha. Mnu. Phosa: Uqhube kakuhle kakhulu nangona kuza kufuneka uqinise. Qaphela ke Zandile, kula makhondo uwanqwenelayo. Iyunivesithi ilindele ukuba ube namanqaku athile kwikhondo ngalinye. Ndiyabulela uyisusile inkwethu emehlweni ngale nkcaza. Bendingazi ukuba kungenwa ngamanqaku Zandile: eyunivesithi. Mnu. Phosa: Eyunivesithi kukhona isebe elinceda abafundi bangenandlela yokuhlawula nelibizwa ngokuba nguNSFAS. Qiniseka ukuba ufaka isicelo sokufuna indawo yokufunda kwangoku. Imali ye-NSFAS uyifumana wakube ungene eyunivesithi. Kowu, enkosi kakhulu Mnumzana, ndza kusenza kwamsinyane eso sicelo. Zandile: Kuchulumance mna mntwana wam ngokubona umntwana ozimisele kangaka.Ntinga ntakandini! Ndibamba ngazibini Mhlekazi. Ndicela indlela. Mnu Phosa: Kulungile. Zandile: 51

UMSEBENZI 5: Gcwalisa le theyibhile ilandelayo ngokucaphula okuhambelana nophawu olukuKholam A lodliwanondlebe kulo mzekelo ungentla, ukubhale kukholam B. KHOLAM A KHOLAM B a. Abathabathi-nxaxheba b. Isizathu sokuqhutywa kodliwano-ndlebe c. Isigama esindlisisekileyo d. isigama sokuvala UMSEBENZI 6: Bhala udliwano-ndlebe oluphakathi kwenkokeli yolutsha kunye nomfundi wezeMbali ofuna ulwazi malunga nembali yokulwelwa kwenkululeko kwingingqi ahlala kuyo. 5.7 INGXOXO YABABINI: 5.7.1 Inkcazelo: Yingxoxo ephakathi kwabantu ababini okanye phakathi kwamaqela amabini. 5.7.2 Injongo: Kukwabelana ngolwazi ngokwemo yencoko 5.7.3 Abantu ababhalelwayo: Abo balungele ukufumana ulwazi. 5.7.4 Ifomathi /iimpawu: • Yingxoxo engomxholo okanye esekelwe kumba (umcimbi othile) ayoncoko nje engenasihlala. • Kuthethwa phandle nangokucacileyo kwaye izithethi nokuba ziqhelene kodwa makubonakale ukuhloniphana xa zingalingani ngobudala. • Ziyavezwa iimvakalelo nemizwa yezithethi 5.7.5 Ulwimi: • Ithoni nerejista zixhomekeke kubuhlobo bezithethi kunye nesihloko ezithetha ngaso. • Kuthethwa kwixesha langaoku ze kusetyenziswe elidlulileyo/eladlulayo xa kubhekiswa kwisiganeko esithile. 52

5.7.6 Isakhiwo sengxoxo: Intshayelelo: • Kufuneka kube khona intshayelelo ebhalwe kwizibiyeli-(izalathisi aseqondeni) umz: indawo,ixesha izithethi nomba ekuxoxwa ngawo. Abathabathi-nxaxheba bayabulisana kodwa makungabhekwa phambili kakhulu ngomba wempilo. Isiqu: Yinkqu-ngxoxo • Bhala usebenzisa intetho-ngqo ngaphandle kweempawu zocaphulo. • Isithethi sibhalwa ngasekhohlo ephepheni, zesilandelwe yikholon [:] • Shiya umgca ongabhalwanga phakathi kwezithethi. • Ingcaciso engenye ibhalwa kwizibiyeli ( ). Umzekelo ingcaciso ebonisa intshukumo, iimvakalelo neemeko abakuzo aba bathethayo (Umzekelo: ephakamisa isandla) • Makungafikelelwa esiphelweni ingakhange ifezeke injongo yengxoxo/isizathu sokubhalwa kwayo ngokombuzo obubuziwe Isiphelo: Ingxoxo iyasongwa • Makuvakale ukuba ingxoxo ifikelela esiphelweni: • Mazivalelisane izithethi iseso sinelizwi lokubulela • Ukuba ngabantu abaqheleneyo nabasondeleleneyo banokuphela ngendlela ebonisa oko. 53

Umzekelo wengxoxo yababini: (Kusendlwini kaNzwaki, kudibana uNzwaki noBuyiswa baxoxa ngeendlela zokonga imali) Buyiswa: Halala! mhlobo wam, utyhile kwelinye iphepha ngoku. Nzwaki: Uthetha ukuthini na MaBuyi mhlobo wam ndisokola kangaka? Buyiswa: Ndibona umnyobo lo wemoto, wenza njani wena? Nzwaki: Ndizincamile mhlobo, ndidinwe kukusokola. Buyiswa: Usokola entwenini na? Hayi uyandilinganisela ke ngoku. Nzwaki: Uyayazi nje mhlobo wam ukuba ndiphuma ebusuku emsebenzini ngeentsuku ezithile, ndihambe ngeenyawo, loo nto indibeke emngciphekweni wokulinyazwa ngootsotsi. Kuye kwanyanzeleka ukuba ndinciphise kwizinto ezingabalulekanga ndizithengele le moto yiyo le nto ndikwaziyo ukuyibhatala. Buyiswa: Ndiyavuyisana nawe mhlobo wam, nam ndiyanqwenela ukuba undicebise ngendlela zokonga imali ukuze ndizithengele nam imoto. Nzwaki: Icebo linye mhlobo wam kukunciphisa kwizinto ezingabalulekanga ebomini bakho ukwenzela ukuba umvuzo wakho ukwazi ukumelana namatyala akho. Buyiswa: Enkosi kakhulu mhlobo wam ngecebo ondiphe lona (emwola, emphuza) ngumhlobo wenene. Nzwaki: Umhlobo yinto yaloo nto, (ehleka)ukuba singabahlobo benene kufuneka sincedane, sikhulisane Singamonelani, ukuba awuxakekanga kule mpela-veki singahamba kunye ndikukhuphe ukhe uyive. Buyiswa: Ndakuzama kangangoko mhlobo wam, enkosi. (Baphume) 54

Umsebenzi 7: Ngokolwazi olufumeneyo malunga nodliwano-ndlebe kunye negxoxo yababini, gcwalisa le theyibhile ingezantsi ufake iimpawu ezahluka ngazo. Iimpawu zodliwano-ndlebe: Iimpawu zengxoxo yababini: a. Intshayelelo Intshayelelo b. Isiqu Isiqu c. Isiphelo Isiphelo 5.8 INTETHO ESESIKWENI NENTETHO NENGEKHO SESIKWENI 5.8.1 Inkcaza: • Yintetho elungiselelwe ukwenziwa kwindawo/ kwisici esithile, esekelwe kumxholo othile. 5.8.2 Injongo yentetho esesikweni nengekho sesikweni: • Injongo ngokubanzi: Intetho ibhalelwa izizathu neenjongo ezahlukileyo. Kukudlulisa ulwazi, kukufundisa, kukonwabisa nokucenga ngeenjongo zokuba kubekho kuvunyelwane. • Injongo engqalileyo: (Iya kuhambelana nomxholo wentetho leyo kunye nabo • ibhekiswa kubo) 5.8.3 Abantu ababhalelwayo: • Ibhalelwa abantu abamameleyo ngeenjongo zokufunda/ zokuzuza ulwazi okanye abakweso sici intetho iza kwenziwa kuso. 5.8.4 Iimpawu zentetho esesikweni nengekho sesikweni: ● Kubhalelwa abaphulaphuli abathile (kuba iza kunikezelwa/ kufundwa kubo) ● Kukho isizathu sokubhalwa kwayo ● Inomxholo esekelwe kuwo oqulethe ingcamango/ iingcamango ezithile ● Kukho isizathu sokubhalwa kwayo ● Umxholo ungqamana nabo babhalelwayo 5.8.5 Ulwimi nesigama esisetyenziswayo: Ithoni, isigama nerejista : Qaphela: • Umahluko phakathi kwentetho esesikweni nentetho engekho sesikweni ukwithoni nerejista, ezihamba nesigama esichongelwe ukudlulisa umyalezo. • Kwintetho esesikweni irejista indilisekile kuba yenzelwa abantu abangasondelanga kulo uyinikezelayo ngoko ke nesigama sibonisa undilliseko. • Kwintetho engekho sesikweni kusetyenziswa isigama esingandilisekanga nethoni ngokunjalo, nerejista engekho sesikweni kuba amaxesha amaninzi yenzelwa abantu abasondeleyo, ingaphethe mcimbi ufuna lundiliseko. • Kwakhona, irejista ithoni nesigama sihambelana nendawo intetho eyenziwa kuyo kunye nodidi lwabantu eyenziwa kubo/abaphulaphuleyo/ababhalelwayo. 55

Ulwimi nesigama: ● Sebenzisa isigama esizoba imifanekiso-ngqondweni esincedisa ukuba abantu babenombono wale nto kuthethwa ngayo, ukuze bahlale benomdla. ● Sebenzisa amagama azizidibanisi namagama aziziwezi ukuze igxoxo yentetho yakho ithungelane, iyondelelane ivakale. Imizekelo yamagama yile: [ ngokufanayo, kwakhona, kwelinye icala, kanti, nangona, emva koko, ngaphezulu, nangaphandle koko, phambi koku, kungoku nje, kodwa, nakubeni kunjalo, nangoka, kuba, ekugqibeleni, umzekelo, ukongeza, okukwabakulekile, kungenxa yoko, ngenxa, kwaza, naxa kunjalo] ● Esokuqukumbela [Ekugqibeleni, lilonke, elokugqiba, ngelizwi elinye, ngalinye ke, elokuvala, ngokufutshane, (sibanzi kakhulu ke isigama le yimizekelo)] 5.8.6 Isakhiwo sentetho esesikweni nengekho sesikweni: Intetho yahlulwa ibeyintshayelelo, isiqu nesiphelo. Intshayelelo: ● Mfundi kweli nqanaba uthengisa ingcamango (le nto ufuna ukuba abantu bayazi/ isizathu sokuba ubhale le ntetho) kwabaza kuyifunda/kuyiphulaphula. ● Ngoko ke kwintshayelelo tsala umdla wabaphulaphuli/wababhalelwayo ngokwenza enye yezi zilandelayo: (i) Tsala umdla wababhalelwayo/wabaphulaphuli • Ungenza ibalana okanye umzekeliso(umzekelo) ozalana nentetho le uza kuyibhala. • Ungatshayelela ngokudlulisa ulwazi oluthile,ingxelo yamanani okanye umyalezo oyinyani. • Unokuqala ngombuzo buciko, umcaphulo okanye intetho ethile eqhelekileyo engqamene nesihloko sentetho. • Bulisa abantu bonke ze uzazise. (ii) Yazisa isihloko sentetho yakho: • Xela isihloko oza kuthetha phantsi kwaso/ intetho yakho esekelwe kuso (iv) Nxibelelana/ zinxulumanise nababhalelwayo/ nabaphulaphuleyo: • Unokuthetha ngamava/ ngemeko/ngesimo esaziwa ngumntu wonke, kwaba babhalelwayo/baphulaphuleyo • Unokucela umngeni ngokuqala ubabuze umbuzo abantu aba okanye wenze amaqhina (qashi qashi) (ikhwizi). • Khankanya iingongoma oza kucangcatha kuzo kule ntetho yakho (Mazibe zezisukela kwisihloko sentetho/kwingcamango ephambili yentetho) 56

B: Isiqu sentetho: Qaphela: Isiqu sentetho siquka ezaa ngongoma ziphambili zomyalezo wakho ubuzikhankanyile xa ubusenza intshayelelo. • Khetha iingongoma eziphambili oza kugxila kuzo kwingongoma nganye kweziya ubuzikhankanyile. • Ingongoma inokubekwa ngeendlela ngeendlela ezahlukileyo. • Yicinezele (yigxininise) ngokumana uyiphindaphinda ingongoma ebalulekileyo phambi kokuba ugqithele kwelandelayo oza kuxoxa/ku thetha ngayo. • Sebenzisa amagama azizidibanisi neziwezi ukuze ingxoxo yethetho yakho ithungelane, ukusuka kwingongoma nganye ukuya kwenye. • Unokusebenzisa amabalana ahlekisayo amafutshane/ iintetho ezihlekisayo ukugxininisa oko ukuthethayo ngendlela egcina abantu benomdla. C: Umhlathi osisiphelo/wokuqukumbela: Qaphela: Indlela yokuvala intetho ibaluleke njengaleya yokuyivula Oko ungakwenza ngolu hlobo: (i) Shwankathela iingongoma eziphambili. Obubethelela zona, uxoxa phezu kwazo ukuze Ababhalelwayo /abaphulaphuli bahlale bezikhumbula. • Yibanophawu olubonisa ukuba intetho iyaphela, ufikelele esiphelweni/uyaphetha: Oku ungakwenza ngokusebenzisa amagama/ izivakalisi ezinjengezi [Elokugqiba, Ndivala ngelithi…, Lilonke…] (ii) Bethelela/ gxininisa iingongoma ezingundoqo. • ngokukhumbuza ababhalelwayo/abaphulaphuli ngezinto ezibalulekileyo abazivileyo/ezivelileyo kwintetho. (iii) Vala ngendlela encamisa umxhelo: (Eshiya umdla): Oku ungakwenza ngolu hlobo: • Sebenzisa umcaphulo okanye umzekelo • Khuthaza abantu abhalelwayo/abaphuphuleyo ukuba benze intshukumo ngabakuvileyo bangapheleli nje ekumameleni bangenzi nto emva koko. • Unokukhankanya nokuba olunye ulwazi olongeza kolu (olucacisa ngakumbi) lufumaneka phi (imithombo yolwazi). Umzekelo wentetho esesikweni: (i) Isihloko sentetho esesikweni: Ukufundiswa kolwimi lwasekhaya kuphakamisa nezinye izifundo esikolweni 57

Umzekelo wentshayelelo wentetho esesikweni: Ithetho esesikweni:Ukufundiswa kolwimi lwasekhaya kuphakamisa nezinye izifundo esikolweni Intshayelelo: “ Xa uthetha nomntu ngolwimi alwaziyo uchukumisa ingqiqo yakhe kanti xa uthetha ngolwimi lwakhe uchukumisa intliziyo yakhe” la ngamazwi kabawo uMandela, athwele ubulumko nabonisa ukubaluleka kolwimi. Mandibulise kwizinxibamxhaka zemfundo ezikhoyo apha, abazali abakhoyo kunye malungu ezigqeba zabafundi ezisuka kwizikolo zale ngingqi yaseHoyi. Lo umi phambi kwenu nguBukelwa Mbini osuka kwiBhodi yeeLwimi yoMzantsi Afrika. Ndicelwe ukuba ndizokwenza intetho ngeenjongo zokubalula igalelo lesifundo esilulwimi lwasekhaya ekuphuculeni iziphumo ezikolwenii. Isihloko sale ntetho sithi: Ukufundiswa kolwimi lwasekhaya kuphakamisa nezinye izifundo esikolweni.Kwizikolo zonke abafundi banesifundo abasifundayo esilulwimi lwabo lweenkobe. Ulwimi ke lusuka emva ekhaya, isikolo sibekelela kolo lwazi lusele lukho, siphuhlise ngakumbi izakhono. Sisonke apha siyazi indlela olubaleke ngayo ulwimi lwenkobe kumntu walo, nendlela elimnika ilunda ngayo. Kude kugqithise xa ulwazi alufumana ngalo. Le ntetho iza kucangcatha kwiingongoma ezintathu ezizezi: a. Umgaqo siseko malunga nokufundiswa kwesifundo esilulwimi lwasekhaya ezikolweni b. Izakhono ezizuzwa ngabantwana kwisifundo esilulwimi lwasekhaya c. Indlela esikuphucula ngayo ukufundwa kwezinye izifundo ngempumelelo esikolweni. UMSEBENZI 8: Phendula le mibuzo ilandelayo isekelwe kulo mzekelo ungentla wentshayelelo yentetho esesikweni. a. Nika umsebenzi womcaphulo wentetho kaMandela osetyenziswe kule ntshayelelo yentetho. b. Xela ukuba xa ibinguwe obhala le ntetho ubuya kuyivula ngokuthini? c. Caphula ulwazi olungqina ukuba isihloko sazisiwe kule ntshayelelo. d. Kubaluleke ngantoni ukuzikhankanya iingongoma oza kuthetha phantsi kwazo kwakwintshayelelo? Umzekelo wesiphelo/umhlathi oqukumbelayo wentetho esesikweni: Elokugqiba, izakhono abazifundiswayo abafundi kuzo zizonke, esokuphulaphula, ukuthetha, ukubhala nokusebenzisa ulwimi ngokunzulileyo nobuchule zibanceda ekuqondeni nakufundo lwezinye izifundo. Kananjalo, isakhono sokubhala ngokuchanekileyo, kubhalelwa iinjongo ezahlukileyo, abasifundiswa kulwimi lwasekhaya, siso esibanceda babenakho ukugqwesa ekubhaleni ngokukuko bazuze manqaku nakwezinye izifundo. Ngaphezulu, ubuchule bokusebenzisa ulwimi ngeenjongo ezahlukileyo nokuluqonda ngokunzulileyo kwenza babenakho ukuphuhlisa izimvo nolwazi abanalo ngokukuko kwezinye izifundo. Ngoko ke, yinyaniso engenakuphikwa ukuba ezinye izifundo zixhamla lukhulu ngokufundiswa kwisifundo esilulwimi lwasekhaya. Thina nto zaziyo asothuki kuba uthi umXhosa, “intaka yakha ngoboya benye”. 58

UMSEBENZI 9: Qwalasela kwakhona umzekelo womhlathi oyintshayelelo kunye nalo wesiphelo uze uphendula le mibuzo ilandelayo. a. Xela umsebenzi wegama ngalinye kula akrwelelwe umgca ngaphantsi kumzekelo womhlathi oqukumbelayo. b. Thelekisa umhlathi wentshayelelo nowesiphelo (le iyimisekelo) ze uxele izinto efana ngazo neyahluke ngazo. UMSEBENZI 10 :Ukubhala intetho engekho sesikweni: ● Bhala umhlathi wentshayelelo wentetho engekho sesikweni oza yokukhuthaza abafundi bebanga ofunda kulo kwisikolo sakho phambi kwemviwo zokuphela konyaka. a. Umhlathi oyintshayelelo: 5.9 UKUBHALA INGXELO 5.9.1 Inkcaza: Sisishwankathelo esinika iinkcukacha eziphambili ngesiganeko, imeko okanye uphando oluthile. Kufuneka ibe nesihloko esitsala umdla kumfundi wayo. Luxwebhu olusesikweni oluqulathe iinyani zodwa ngesiganeko esithile. Kukho iindidi ezimbini zengxelo: Ingxelo esesikweni kunye nengekho sesikweni. Ingxelo engekho sikweni : ● Yileyo ungayibhali phantsi uyithetha ngomlomo kuphela. ● Sisishwankathelo esinika iinkcukacha eziphambili ngesiganeko, imeko okanye uphando oluthaile. ● Kufuneka ibenesihloko esitsala umdla kumfundi wayo. Ingxelo esesikweni: Ibhalwa phantsi kwaye ifuna ukuba uqokelele ulwazi kwinjongo ethile ucazulule olo lwazi uze ulwazise ngendlela ecwangcisiwe ngolu hlobo: 5.9.2 Injongo: ● Injongo yengxelo kukwabelana ngolwazi ● Ilujoliswe kulowo uyalele ukuba makubhalwe ingxelo. 5.9.3 Abantu ababhalelwayo: Nabani na onomdla kwincwadi okanye umdlalo lowo eyakuba kubhalwa ngawo. 59

5.9.4 Ifomathi / iimpawu: • Imiba mayibhalwe ngokweengongoma ● Isihloko sengxelo sifutshane, sibanzi kwaye sisebenza njengesishwankathelo sokuqulathwe yingxelo. Ingxelo inokuba yephandwayo okanye eboniweyo. ● Mayibe nombhali wayo onegama aze ayisayine kunye nomhla ebhalwe ngawo. ● Isihloko sengxelo masingabhekiseli mntwini kodwa kufuneka igama lenkampani lichaziwe 5.9.5 Ulwimi: ● Sebenzisa ulwimi nethoni ngokodidi lwengxelo leyo uyenzayo ● Kusetyenziswa ulwimi olusesikweni ● Izibizo gabalala ● Umntu wesithathu ● Ingcaciso egqibeleleyo ● Amagama namabinza abhekise kwimeko (enjengobugcisa), Izindululo, izalathisi nezihlomelelo ● Qaphela ithoni, irejista, isimbo sokubhala, isigama esifanelene nenjongo okanye isimo sentlalo. ● Sebenzisa ixesha langoku (ngaphandle kokuba yingxoxo yababini emalunga nezinto ezadlulayo ● Kusetyenziswa ingxelo-ntetho. ● Ingcebiso- kukho ulwalamano phakathi kwezigqibo neengcebiso ● Ngoko iingcebiso zakho kufuneka zisekelwe kwizigqibo. 5.9.6 Isakhiwo sengxelo Intshayelelo ● Sebenzisa amazwi ambalwa nakhethekileyo ● Kwintshayelelo uchaza oku kulandelayo: Ngubani okuyaleleyo ukuba ubhale ingxelo( Chaza igama nesikhundla sakhe) ● Nini ( Umhla ofumene ngawo imiyalelo kunye nomhla ekufuneka kugqitywe ngayo ingxelo) ● Wenze ntoni ( xela isimo sophando lwakho. Isiqu ● Mawucace gca umba ekuthethwa ngawo kwaphaya kwisihloko. ● Yahlulwahlulwe ngokwemihlathi, mhlathi lowo oqulathe ingcamango eyahlukileyo. ● Yahlule intetho yakho ngokwezihlokwana, uzinike iinombolo ukuze kube lula ukwenza unxibelelwano. ● Okufunyanisweyo – kufuneka kuchazwe ngokungaqhutywa luluvo/ ungathathi cala kwaye isiphumo sophando izigqibo/ izigwebo- lulwamano phakathi kwenkqubo neziphumo. ● Makubekho uthungelwano, uyondelelwano nonxibelelwano lwezimvo okanye iziganeko. Isiphelo • Umbhali uye avezi iziphakamiso, Izivumelwano kunye neengcebiso. Kuye kubhalwe iama lalowo uqulunqe lengxelo. 60

UMZEKELO WENGXELO ESESIKWENI Ingxelo ngohambelo lwamaxhego namaxhegwazana kwiNkampu yogcino zilwanyana e Zoo Lake, e Mpuma Koloni. Umhla: 15 kweyoMdumba ukuya kwi- 18 kweyeNkanga 2020. Amaxhego namaxhegwazana ali-15 elokishi yakwaNobuhle eTinarha ahambele kwindlu yogcino zilwanyana. Ibhalelwa: uMnu Mbulelo Sonto (Umphathi weziko elihlala abantu abadala). Izithuthi: Izithuthi esizisebenzisayo zikumgangatho ophezulu kakhulu, uyancumisa. Kukhethwe iinqwelo mafutha zodidi lakwaNokutsho ezinoomabonakude. Ziwulungele kakhulu umsebenzi wazo ebeziwukhethelwe. Iindawo zokulala: Amaxhego namaxhegwazana alele kwiibhedi ezinomandlalo omhlophe qhwa, zicocekile kwaye nomgangatho wezindlu zokulala uxhome ngeyona ndlela. Amagumbi ngokunjalo nawo acocekile. Iindawo zokutyela nokutya: Umgangatho wokutya nawo ubuncumisa nangona abanye benokutya abangakuthandiyo kodwa ngenxa yokubakho kwentlobo ntlobo zokutya bakwazile ukuzikhethela oko bakuthandayo kwaye ibingumdliva. Ubungenakubona nesizukulwana sephela kwiindawo zokutyela ngangendlela ebekucoceke ngayo. Kowu! Banenkathalo abantu bomzi esilaliswe kuwo. ` Indlela zokuzonwabisa: Sinikwe iibhola ezincinci, zimhlophe ngebala, ezingaqhelekanga kuthi, kwathiwa masidlale umdlalo ngokuthi sizigibisele ziqengqeleke de ziyekungena kumngxuma owawuthe qelele kuthi. Besingakwazi ukuwudlala loo mdlalo kuqala kuba singawuqhelanga, kodwa sagqibela sele usonwabisa sonke. Ukhuseleko: Abantu abadala babentanta besoyika izilwanyana zasendle ezifuywe apha sanga asingelali sigadile, kanti ke ziyavalelwa kwiindawo zazo ngorhatya zingabi nako nokusondela kwindawo ekulalwa kuzo. Akukho namnye umntu olahlekelweyo zizinto zakhe kuba abasebenzi bale ndawo bathembekile. Ixhego okanye ixhegwazana ebelidinga nantoni na, beliye lincedwe ngokukhawuleza kuba bekungafunwa libe phantsi koxinzelelo. Iingcebiso: Kwabakuhle ukuhamba nabantu abadala kuba imvisiswao yinto ebalulekileyo xa nikude namakhaya enu kuba ngoku omnye uxhomekeke komnye. Kumnandi ukuthatha abantu abagugileyo, abahlala kumakhaya okugcina abantu abadala ukuba mabakhe bakhutshwe bokonwatyiswa kuba bekude nezihlobo nezalamane zabo. Loo nto iyakuba vuyisa emphefumlweni ibenze bangzcingi into yokuba bayokulahlwa kwesinomhlwa. Ibhalwe ngu: Theliswa Ndungane: 22 eyeNkanga 2020. 61

Umsebenzi 11 Bhala ingxelo yomsitho wokwamkelwa kwamalungu amatsha ekomiti yombutho wolutsha. 5.10 INQAKU LEMAGAZINI 5.10.1 Inkcaza: • Linqaku elibhalelwa imagazini lishukuxa umba othile ngakumbi onjongo zakhayo. 5.10.2 Injongo: • Kukubandakanya uluntu kwizinto ezakhayo neziqhubekayo jikelele, ze likhuthaze, lincome lonwabise uluntu. Abantu ababhalelwayo: Ngabafundi bemagazini Ifomathi/Iimpawu: • Isihloko masibe sifutshane sitsale umdla wabantu. • Isihloko esiqulathe owona ndoqo wenqaku • Amagama alowo ubhake inqaku makavele ezantsi kwesihloko • Kubalulekile ukubhala okuyinyani hayi uluvo • Inkoliso yamanqaku emagazini ahlulwa ngokwekholamu ukuze kube lula kofundayo ukulilandela ngokukhawuleza inqaku. • Khankanya igama lomthombo ozuze kulo ulwazi, ukuba ngumntu makakhankanywe • Isihloko, ithoni kunye nesimbo sokubhala sixhomekeka kuhlobo lwenqaku isimo sombhali wenqaku kunye nababhalelwa. 5.10.5 Ulwimi: • Amagama achukumisayo • Inqaku malibhalwe kumntu wesithathu. • Amagama abantu mawabandakanywe ukuze kubonakale ubunyani benqaku elo ibe lelikholelekayo. • Sebenzisa intetho ngqo efakwe kwiimpawu zocaphulo xa ucaphula iintetha zabantu, oku kunikisa umdla nogxininiso kuloo mba uthetha ngawo • Izenzi ezikwixesha langoku nexesha eladlulayo zakusoloko zifumaneka kweli nqaku. • Imihlathi emidana • Imibhalo echazayo, imibuzo. • Linokusebenzisa umxube wolwimi olusesikweni nolungekho sesikweni ngakumbi oluquka Iinthetho zemihla ngemihla. • Ulwimi olucengayo • Ukusebenzisa imifanekiso ngqondweni nenkcazelo. 5.10.6 Isakhiwo: Isakhiwo esahlulwe ngokwemihlathi : Umhlathi otshayelelayo,Isiqu nomhlathi ophethayo..Le mihlathi ingabhalwa ngemo yeekholamu. 62

Umzekelo wenqaku lemagazini Bona Magazini Juni 2012 nguLuno Zaka abadala.Kunzima ke IZIPHUMO ZOTYWALA ukucacisa le nto xa KULUTSHA ULUTSHA nabantu abadala bengenankathalo. Ingqondo ayikwazi kuzInza: Kunzima NOTYWALA Xa abantwana bengena ukuzinzisa ingqondo, kunyaka webanga leshumi abakwazi ukuqwalasela USomlomo weziko elinambini lixesha kwanto baphazamiseke nje iAssociation for lamatheko ematriki, lula. Responsible Alcohol bahamba iindawo Use(ARA) uAdrian Botha Ulwaphulo-mthetho zokujuxuza, imibhiyozo uthi .ukusela utywala Nobundlobongela: Xa yokugqiba iminyaka eli nokunxila kolutsha shumi elinesibhozo. Zonke ulutsha lusela utywala kuyingozi enkulu ezi zinto zenza ubomi babo ingqondo ayizinzi yenza kulo.Ubudala bungazinzi kumntu oqala ukuba bazifake kwiimeko obusemthethweni bokuqala ezinobungozi ixesha ukungena ebudaleni. ukusela utywala kweli elininzi. yiminyaka elishumi KUTHENI ULUTSHA Ukuxhatshazwa elinesibhozo,kodwa LUSELA NJE? abantwana badibana nendibano yesondo Ulutsha lusela ngenxa enobungozi Kuphinde notywala abanye yezizathu ezithile kubandakanye ukwabelana beseneshumi elinanye ,ukusukela kwiingxaki ngesondo kuphela.Kubalulekile zomphefumlo ukuya bengazikhuselanga ,loo nto ukubonisa ulutsha ukuba lukhule ngokwaneleyo kwiinzame zokwamkeleka izisa usulelwano ngezifo ukuze lukwazi ukujongana kubahlobo. eziyingozi kunye nokukhulelwa nemeko efanele abantu okungacetywanga 63

Umsebenzi 12: Bhala inqaku lemagazini ngoluvo lwakho malunga nokhuseleko lwabafundi kwinthsolongwane yeCovid-19. 5.11. INQAKU LEPHEPHANDABA 5.11.1 Inkcaza • Inqaku ngumhlomlo ofumaneka kwiphephandaba, elibhalwa ngumntu/ngabantu abathile malunga nomba/imiba ethile. 5.11.2 Injongo: ● Kukukwazisa nokonwabisa umfundi ngokumbandakanya kwizinto anomdla kuzo. 5.11.3 Ifomathi/Iimpawu ● Inqaku lingabhalwa ngendlela evuselela umothuko, inkathalo, ukuvuyisa ngesihloko acinga ukuba umbhali sibalulekile ekuhlaleni. ● Veza iingongoma njengoko zinjalo zingachatshazelwa ziimbono zakho ● Linesihloko ze ezantsi kwazoi kuvele igama lalowo ubhala inqaku . 5.11.4 Abantu ababhalelwayo • Nabani na onomdla kwincwadi okanye umdlalo lowo eyakuba kubhalwa ngawo. 5.11.5 Ulwimi olusetyenziswayo ● Sebenzisa ulwimi nethoni ngokodidi lwephephandaba eli ulibhalelayo. ● Kusetyenziswa ulwimi olusesikweni ● Izibizo gabalala nezimelabizo ziyasetyenziswa. ● Ingcaciso egqibeleleyo ● Kusetyenziswa amagama adala uvakalelo nachukumisayo ● Amagama namabinza abhekise kwimeko (enjengobugcisa), Izindululo, izalathisi nezihlomelelo 5.11.6 Isakhiwo Intshayelelo ● Sebenzisa amazwi ambalwa nakhethekileyo. Isiqu ● Bhala nangayiphi na into onomdla kuyo neza kudala umdla wabafundi. ● Nika isihloko esicacileyo nesivakalayo uze wongeze nesihlokwana esicacileyo ● Chaza ngokufutshane umba obhala ngawo kodwa ucace gca. ● Xa ubhala ibali lephephandaba sebenzisa ulwazi olufumene ngexesha ububambe udliwano-ndlebe. ● Qala ngokona kubaluleke kakhulu, umzekelo, ngubani, yintoni, nini, phi, kutheni, kangakanani ● Chaza ngokufutshane umba obhala ngawo kodwa ucace gca. ● Gqithisa umyalezo wakho uvakale kulowo umbhalelayo. ● Nika isihloko esicacileyo nesivakalayo uze wongeze nesihlokwana esicacileyo. Isiphelo Shwankathela ngokucacileyo ungayigqwethi into eyinyaniso. Umzekelo wenqaku lephephandaba 64

KODE KUBE NINI SILINDE IZITHEMBISO EZINGAZALISEKISWAYO (nguZama Dinga) Abahlali badikwe yeyokosangathi batye inyama yehagu zizithembiso zomlomo ezenziwa esidlangalaleni ziinkokheli zezopolitiko ezingazalisekiswayo. Ucinga ukuba kwakuze kubekho utshintsho kwiziphumo zebanga leshumi eMpuma Koloni? Kukangaphi ufunda emaphepheni ngokusilela kweSebe lezezindlu kweli loMzantsi Afrika ekuphuhliseni isimo sentlalo? Umbane wona lo unyuka imihla nezolo phofu indawo ezininzi azikabi nawo siwulibalelani? Le mali ingaka inikwa abantwana bethu, ibakhuthaza ukuba mababe ngathi bayazala endaweni yokufunda bazisebenzele, uyithini? Kudala sijonge enkalweni akukho lutshintsho, sisathenjiswa imihla nezolo. Intetho ethi “ukuthetha ayisikokwenza” ithi thaa engqondweni yam qho xa ndibhala inqaku. Masilibale ngoJacob Maronga weEskom owamkela izigidi ezihlanu ngonyaka, ze anyuselwe umvuzo ngamashumi amabini anesihlanu eepesenti. Uthini ngesiqebheyi nesiqendu saseLand Bank apho izigidi ngezigidi zemali zokuphuhlisa abalimi zehliswe ngomlenze? “Kungaqhuma kubasiwe” le misadulo noqhankqalazo olwenziwa ngabahlali ithi badikwe yeyokosa, bathi maxhalanga sidleni, ingase ihle ehlayo inyuke enyukayo, kwanele zizithembiso zomlomo. Kode kube nini kanti silinde iinkonzo zokuphuhlisa impilo yabahlali! (Lithatyathwe kwi-IlisolomzI Februwari 10 2018). 65

UMSEBENZI 13: Bhala inqaku lephephandaba malunga nokuhoyeki kolutsha lwendawo yakho kwizithuba zemisebenzi ezivelayo kuloo ngingqi. 5.12 RIVYU: 5.12.1 Inkcaza IRivyu sisigxeko-ncomo sencwadi oyifundileyo okanye umdlalo owubukeleyo. 5.12.2 Injongo ● Kukunika uluvo lomphendli ngencwadi okanye umdlalo. ● Kukunika ulwazi lwencwadi/umdlalo ngeli lixa kanye ibhalelwe ukunika uluvo. 5.12.3 Abantu abababhalelwayo • Nabani na onomdla kwincwadi okanye umdlalo lowo eyakuba kubhalwa ngawo. 5.12.4 Ifomathi/Iimpawu: • Kunikwa inkcaza emfutshne ngemveliso/indawo okanye incwadi leyo ukukrobisa ofundayo ukuba kuthethwa ngantoni • Kuchazwa iimpawu zayo eziphambili • Kuvakaliswa izimvo neemvakalelo zobhalayo ngemveliso, incwadi okanye ifilim leyo • Incwadi leyo/indawo/ifilim/imveliso mayithelekiswe nezinye eziludidi lwayo • Makuthethwe okuyinyani kungabaxwa • Velela okubi nokuhle ngendlela ehloniphayo nenika isidima • Mayitsale umdla wofundayo • Makuqukwe ulwazi ekungenakuba lula ukulufumani kweminye imithombo ngale ncwadi/mveliso/filim • Mayibhalwe ngokucacileyo, ingqale ● Iyabhalwa ukuze inike isigxeko ncomo ngencwadi efundiweyo, umdlalo obubukelwel. ● Kufuneka umbhali walo msebenzi abonakalise ukunyaniseka. ● Kufuneka abonakalise ukuyazi kakhulu le nto kuthethwa ngayo ● Kuyafuneka ke ukuba kubalulwe ukuba ngoobani abantu abafanele ukusebenzisa le ncwadi nezizathu zoko. ● Uvumelekile umbhali ukuba acaphule nalapha kumxholo eyona nto inokwenza umtsalane kubantu. ● Okubalulekileyo ngolu bhalo lwerivyu/ isigxeko ncomo soncwadi ● Umbhali ngamnye ubhala ngovakalelo lwakhe malunga nencwadi olungaphikisekiyo nakubanina omakishayo. ● Gqiba ukuba ifanele oobani le nto ubhala ngayo ungabhali nje. • 5.12.5 Ulwimi olusetyenziswayo ● Sebenzisa ulwimi nethoni ngokodidi lwerivyu leyo uyibhalayo. ● Kubhalwa ngezivakalisi ezipheleleyo ● Kusetyenziswa isigama sokuchaza esizoba imeko/ oko kuthethwa ngako kucace ● Kusetyenziswa ulwimi olusesikweni ● Izibizo gabalala ● Ingcaciso egqibeleleyo ● Amagama namabinza abhekise kwimeko (enjengobugcisa), Izindululo, izalathisi nezihlomelelo. 66

5.12.6 Isakhiwo serivyu ● Iyashwankathela, ukuba yincwadi ithathwa ifakwe ebalini ngeziganeko ezilandelelanayo, kucalulwe umlinganiswa ngamnye kwababalulekileyo ngamagama ambalwa. ● Sima ngokwezihloko ekuza kugxilwa kuzo Intshayeleo ● Sebenzisa amazwi ambalwa nakhethekileyo ● Kwintshayelelo uchaza oku kulandelayo: igama lencwadi, umbhali, isihloko sencwadi, umpapashi, kwakunye nexabiso layo. ● Ukuba yimveliso/yindawo unika amagqabantshintshi ngayo, iphi inikezela ziphi iinkonzo. Isiqu: ● Qaphela ukuba uyaluveza udidi lwencwadi leyo uyihlalutyayo ukuba yidrama /noveli /imibongo/ ifilim. ● Gqala indlela abakhiwa ngayo abadlali/ abalinganiswa, umoya, isimo sentlalo esiphembelela izinto ukuba zenzeke ● Irivyu ithabatha icala elithile. Bangababini abantu abenza irivyu ngomsebenzi omnye kodwa bavakalise izimvo ezahlukileyo ngomsebenzi lowo. ● Buxhaphakile uburharha/ izihlekiso kwirivyu. Isiphelo Xela umyalezo/ Imfundiso esiwunikwa ngumbhali ngale ncwadi okanye umdlalo wakhe kunye nemfundiso. Umzekelo werivyu Igama Lencwadi Inkaw’idliw’ilila Ubhali Siphatheni Kula Unyaka Wokupapashwa 2015 Abalinganiswa Abaphambili Thantaswa, Mfuneko, Mapheza, Msindisi Uhlobo Loncwadi Noveli Indawo Eliqhubeka kuyo Ibali Kwidolophu iMthatha, EGcuwa, eDutywa kunye nelali yaseNtab’ozulu KuCentane. Lenzeka nini Kule mihla (Oku kungqinwa zizixhobo ezisetyenziswayo - imoto kaMsindisi, iiselula nemipu. Oku kwenza ukuba ibali likholeleke ukuba lela le mihla. Lingantoni ibali Lingolwaphulo-mthetho olubangelwa zezi ziganeko zilandelayo: Uthando olunganyanisekanga oluphuhliswa ngumlinganiswa onguThantaswa.. Ukunyoluka, ukukrexeza, a. Ukuvela kukaMfuneko ukuba nguye owaphula umthetho nangona elipolisa. b. Ukufa kukaThantaswa noMfuneko emsebenzini wabo okhohlakeleyo. c. Ixhwele elinguSiphongo lifumana isohlwayo ngokophula umthetho kaThixo othi ‘uze ungabulali. Waceba ukubulala uMapheza engaqondanga ukuba isikhni sibuya nomkhwezeli. d. Endaweni yokufa kukaMapheza, kufa unyana kaSiphongo uSakhiwo. Abalinganiswa: Unikwe iimpawu zobuntu gqibi. Nakuba umsebenzi wakhe ewuxabisile Umlinganiswa onguMapheza kodwa imikhwa yakjhe entlalweni iyafana neyamanye amadoda. Ubangisana ngentokazi noMfuneko. Imfundiso Imfundiso: Le ncwadi iqulethe imfundiso ebhekisa kuzo zonke iindidi zabantu, injongo ekuhlaleni, emisebenzini, emitshatweni, emakhaya. 67

UMSEBENZI 14 Bhala iRivyu yencwadi obukhe wayifunda okanye ifilim obukhe wawubukela. 5.13- IMEYILE: (Esesikweni nengekho sesikweni) 5.13.1 Inkcaza: • Yimbalelwano ebhalwa kwikhompyutha ze ithunyelwe kwangayo/ngezixhobo zetekhnoloji ukusuka kobhalayo ukuya kobhalelwayo. Inokuthunyelwa kwiqela labantu. 5.13.2 Injongo: Kukudlulisa umyalezo nolwazi 5.13.3 Abantu ababhalelwayo: Ngabo bafanele kuzuza loo myalezo Izindidi ezimbini. Kukho i-imeyile esesikweni nengekho sesikweni (eyobuhlobo ebhalelwa izizalwane nezihlobo okanye abantu abaqheleneyo). 5.13.4 Ifomathi/Iimpawu zeimeyile esesikweni, eyoshishino nengekho sesikweni: • Engekho sesikweni idla ngokubhalelwa umntu owazana naye kakhulu • Esesikweni /eyoshishino iya kumntu ongamaziyo okanye kumntu onegunya. Umzekelo, utitshala, igosa laseburhulumenteni, kwinkampani ethile owenza ezoshishino kunye nayo. • I-imeyile ibanemigca equlethe umcimbi/nomongo wayo • Kusetyenziswa isimbo neefonti ezifundeka lula • Makungabhalwa ngoonobumba abakhulu bodwa • Iifonti mazingaxutywa, makusetyenziswe uhlobo olunye • Kubhalwa ngemibala engaphandliyo okanye engacimelanga kodwa eyenza kubelula ukufunda. 5.13.5 Ulwimi, isimbo ithoni nerejista: • Kwi-imeiyile engekho sesikweni kusetyenziswa irejista engekho sesikweni nolwimi olungandilisekanga. • Kwesesikweni kusetyenziswa ulwimi, ithoni nerejista endilisekileyo. 5.13.6 Isakhiwo seimeyile: • Kumgca wokuqala iqala ngedilesi yeimeyile yalo ubhalelwayo: • Umzekelo: Iya: ababcdfut@yahoo.com • Kowesibini kunokunanyathiselwa nezabanye iidilesi xa ngaba le imeyile ithunyelwa kwiqela labantu • Umzekelo: [cc : zolizitu@gmail.com]. Lo “cc “ kushunqulelwe ibinzana “carbon copy” elithetha ukuba le imeyile ikotshiwe/ikhutshelwe nakwabanye abantu. • Kolandelayo umgca kukho imigcana/imiqolwana equlethe isizathu sokubhalwa kweimeyile/umongo wayo ngokufutshane. • Inesibuliso (sixhomekeka kulowo ubhalelwayo)Kumhlobo kunokuthiwa: Molo Asa/Asa endimthandayo o Kwesesikweni/ Mhlekazi 68

Isakhiwo sahlulwe sayintshayelelo isiqu nesiphelo: Intshayelelo: • Ixhomekeke kucimbi okanye kwisizathu sokubhalwa kweimeyile kunye nomntu obhalelwayo. • Kwengekho sesikweni ubani unokuqala athethe nezinye iindaba ezibadibanisayo kanti kwesesikweni unokuzazisa kuzazisa kuqala, ze azisa ngokufutshane isizathu sokuba ubani abhale i-imeyile. • Kuzo zombini iindidi zayo ubani usenokutshayelela ngokubhekisa kwi-imeyile engaphambi kwale ebekhe wayifumana/wayibhalela lo ambhalelayo § Isiqu Kungenwa emxholweni ngokomxholo ekubhalwa ngayo. § Isiphelo Kusetyenziswa isiphelo ngokuxhomekeke kumntu lowo ebebhalelwa ukuba usondele kangakanani na. Umzekelo: Ukuba bekubhalelwa umhlobo-Umhlobo wakho/Enkosi. Ukuba yesesikweni kunokuthiwa: Ozithobileyo Umzekelo weimeyile: Iya: zezibhro@gmail.com Cc : kwikuwe@hotmail.co.za Umcimbi: Ukuthunyelwa kweziqinisekiso zemfundo Mnumzana Buso obekekileyo Siyile nkampani yakwaDalito sinqwenela ukukwazisa ukuba asikazifumani iziqinisekiso zakho zemfundo ebezifanele ukuba uzingenisile kwiofisi ejongene nemicimbi yengqesho yale nkampani. Oku kukukhumbuza ke ngoko ukuba umhla wama-24 kuEpreli obuwubekele ukuba ungenise ungekadluli, sele udlule. Nceda Mhlekazi wenze njengoko kulindelekile, ukuze amaxwebhu akho ade abe aphelele, ngokuhambelana nemigaqo yengqesho. Akuvumelekanga ukuba uwathumele nge-imeyile koko kulindeleke ukuba uwazise eziikopi ezingamaphepha kwiofisi ejongene nemicimbi yezengqesho. Nceda utsalele umnxeba kule nombolo: 081 783 0921 ucele uNkosazana Cele, ukuba kukho onqwenela ukunga angakucacisela. Ozithobileyo/ Ngeminqweno emihle/ Enkosi NJ Nkukuza 69

ISAHLUKO 6: IMIHLATHI EMIFUTSHANE ICANDELO C: IMIHLATHI EMIFUTSHANE Imihlathi emifutshane ifundwa, ifundiswe ze ihlolwe kule migangatho yolwimi ilandelayo: IsiXhosa Ulwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo kunye noLwimi lwesiBini oloNgezelelweyo. Noxa le migangatho ifundisa imihlathi emifutshane, ukho umahluko kwinani lamagama ngokomthamo womxholo kunye nolwabiwo lwamanqaku. Jonga kule theyibhile ingezantsi umahluko. ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LOKUQALA OLONGEZELELWEYO ICANDELO ITEKISI IBANGA INANI LAMAGAMA AMANQAKU Icandelo C Umhlathi omfutshane 10 60-80 20 amanqaku 11 60-80 20 amanqaku 12 60-80 20 amanqaku ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LWESIBINI OLONGEZELELWEYO ICANDELO ITEKISI IBANGA INANI LAMAGAMA AMANQAKU Icandelo C Umhlathi omfutshane 10 40-60 20 amanqaku 11 40-60 20 amanqaku 12 40-60 20 amanqaku 6.1. ISIBHENGEZO 6.1.1 Inkcaza Sisaziso sika wonke wonke esenziwa kusetyenziswa amaqonga onxibelelwano afana namaphephandaba, iimagazini, oomabonakude, oonomathotholo kunye neebhilbhodi ekuthengiseni imveliso. 6.1.2 Injongo Kutsala nokulukuhla umntu ukuba athenge into okanye inkonzo ethile. 6.1.3 Iimpawu Indlela ebhalwa ngayo iba yipowusta enika umdla nomtsalane, ● Idla ngokuba nemibhalo etsala umdla woluntu, umzekelo umbhalo omkhulu nocacileyo. ● Iba nemifanekiso yale nto ithengiswayo okanye ibhengezwayo. ● Ingabonakaliswa ngokuthi ixhonywe kumacwecwe, ● Ayigxeki bani, ayithethi ngamlomo koko incoma ukubaluleka nokulunga kwemveliso leyo. 6.1.4 Sibhalelwa oobani • Sibhalelwa wonke umntu 6.1.5 IFomathi/ Isakhiwo ● Sinokuba ziimo ezahlukeneyo ● Sebenzisa izilogani neelogo ● Sinemilo ebonakalayo yoyilo. ● Sebenzisa ubungcaphephe bokwenza izibhengezo-ntengiso. ● Sebenzisa uyilo ukwenza isibhengezo-ntengiso esitsala iliso nesingalibalekiyo engqondweni ● Bhala lonke ulwazi malunga nesibhengezo, umzekelo indawo, umhla, ixesha nedilesi 70

6.1.6 Ulwimi ● Ulwimi olusebenzisayo malunike umtsalane ukuze abantu bakwazi ukulufunda nokuluqonda. ● Ulwimi oluqhathayo nolurhwebeshayo. Umzekelo wesibhengezo ntengiso Umsebenzi ongekho sesikweni Bhala isibhengezo ntengiso semveliso oyithengisayo. 6.2 IKHADI LESIMEMO 6.2.1 Inkcaza • Likhadana elifutshane kakhulu lokumema ubani ukuba azimase itheko eliza kubakho. • Likhadana elihonjisiweyo ukutsala umdla wabamenywa 6.2.2 Injongo • Kukunika abamenywa iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo ngetheko elo ofuna ukuba lizinyaswe. • Kukuqinisekisa ngenani eliphumelelayo ukuze ukwazi ukulilungiselela. 6.2.3 Abantu ababhalelwayo • Ngabaza kuzimasa itheko elo. 6.2.4 Iimpawu • Lifuna ubugcisa obuphangaleleyo bokukwazi ukulihombisa libukeke, usebenzisa imibala egqamileyo nefonti ekhethekileyo. • Isakhono sakho sobuchwephesha bekhompyutha busebenza ngamandla. 71

6.2.5 IFomathi • Itheko omenyelwa kulo • Umhla wetheko • Ixesha eliqala ngalo • Indawo eliza kubanjelwa kuyo • Isinxibo esilindelekileyo • Ungafaka nomfanekiso kaSotheko/uNotheko • Impendulo(RSVP) • Iinkcukhaca ngemfonomfono, ifeksi, neimeyile Umzekelo wekhadi lesimemo 6.3 IFLAYA 6.3.1 Inkcaza ● IFlaya luhlobo olunye lwentengiso enjongo yayo ikukutsalela ingqalelo kumsitho okhethekileyo, imveliso neenkonzo. 6.3.4 Injongo ● Kukutsala nokulukuhla umntu ukuba athenge into okanye inkonzo ethile. 6.3.5 Abantu ababhalelwayo ● Ibhalelwa abantu bonke. 6.3.6 Ulwimi ● Ulwimi olusetyenziswayo lucacile, luyacengenga, umzekelo, izihlomelo, izichazi, izafobe, imfanozandi, isikweko. 6.3.7 Isakhiwo ● Isayizi encinane, umzekelo iphepha elingu-A5. ● Isihloko esitsala umdla, isilogani okanye ilogo. ● Inkcaza emfutshane ngemveliso. ● Dwelisa amaqithiqithi ehamba nawo. ● Ingcombolo yolwazi engoqhagamshelwano, umzekelo, iwebhusayithi. emilo ebonakalayo yoyilo. 72

Umzekelo weflaya ABANINI BAMASHISHINI AMANCINANE Ingaba ukulungisa iincwadi zeshishini kuyakuhlupha? BONANA NENGCALI YOKU! ZUZU MACK 010 554 6686 zuzu@books.co.za Indlela ecacileyo nelula yokwenza incwadi • Ukulungisa iincwadi zakho zeshishini rhoqo ngenyanga • Ukulondoloza imali ukuze uliqhube ishishini lakho kakuhle Ndingubani mna? ● Ndaphumelela emagqabini kwibanga -12 kwizifundo zeMaths, Accounting ne Business Studies e-CPUT Nondyebo we-stokfell, i- Silulo ● Umcebisi kwiincwadi zemali zamashishini amathathu ● Ndinazo iinkcukacha zabantu abaxolisiweyo ngumsebenzi wam. ● NXIBELELANA NAM SIXOXE NONGAKWENZA UKUGCINA IINCWADI ZAKHO ZEMALI ZILUNGILE MAHALA! MAHALA! MAHALA! MAHALA!!!!!WALALA WASALA!!! Umsebenzi ongekho sesikweni Bhala iflaya yokwazisa ngomboniso weempahla zomyili ophambili kwingingqi yakho. 6.4 IPOWUSTA 6.4.1 Inkcaza • Liphetshana elihonjiswe ngemifanekiso nemibhalo ekwifonti eyahlukileyo ukunika uluntu ulwazi oluthile. Isetyenziswa kwiindawo zoluntu ezifana nezitalato, iindawo zokupakisha iimoto, iindawo zokutyela kunye nezakhiwo zikawonkewonke. 73

6.4.2 Injongo • Kukulobela uluntu ukuba lufunde, luqonde, luzuze ulwazi luthande kananjalo imisebenzi yalo emihle. 6.4.3 Ifomathi /Iimpawu • Qala wazi injongo yakho yokubhala ipowusta. • Bazi abantu ojolise kubo. • Sebenzisa imibala egqamileyo ukuzisa umtsalane oza kuthi udlwengule umxhelo wababukeli ze bathabatheke ngumyalezo owudlulisayo. • Ulwazi olubhalwe ngendlela enikisa umdla eza kubangela ukuba kube lula kubabhalelwa ukuba bafumane ulwazi oluxelwayo. • Mayingabi xhakaxhaka ngolwazi olungeyomfuneko. • Imifanekiso oyisebenzisayo mayihambelane nomyalezo odluliselwa eluntwini. • Mayirhwebeshe uluntu ukuze luthande oko ukwenzayo. • Kufuneka ichukumise umdla, ubukrelekrele bengqondo kunye neemvakalelo zoluntu. • Indlela olubonakalisa nolungabonakalisi ngayo umdla uluntu kule powusta yakho kuxhomekeka kumdla walo, imvelaphi, imontlalo kunye necala lepolitiki alilandelayo. • Umbhali wepowusta makavele kunye neenkcukhaca eziphambili. 6.4.4. Ulwimi • Ulwimi olurhwebeshayo nolujija ingqondo. • Ulwimi oluchukumisayo • Izenzi eziyalelayo • Amagama anika umfanekiso ngqondweni weliso nowesikhumba. 6.4.5 Isakhiwo sepowusta • Isihloko esidlwengula umxhelo, singadluli kwimigca emibini. • Umbhalo ohlengahlengiswe ngobuchule nobugcisa kusetyenziswa iifonti ezahlukileyo. • Imifanekiso nemizobo ekwimibala etsala umdla wakho nehambelana nesihloko kunye nombhalo. • Makubekho isithuba esibonakalayo phakathi komfanekiso nemibhalo ukuze kube lula kuluntu ukufunda umyalezo, luwuqonde ze luthabatheke. 74

6.4.6 Isicwangciso-zimvo sepowusta PHAMBI:YAZI INJONGO IJOLISE KOOBANI YILA ISIHLOKO IPOWUSTA UKUZOBA: ISAKHIWO JONGA IZIPHUMO: INGABA BATHABATHEKILE IMIBHALO NEFONTI,UMFANEKISO,ISITHUBA ABANTU EBEKUJOLISWE KUBO? 6.4.7 Umzekelo wepowusta 75

6.4.8 Umsebenzi wokuzilolongela uviwo Khetha isihloko sibe sinye • Yenza ipowusta uchaza ngomnyhadala womculo oza kubakho kwisikolo sakho. • Zoba ipowusta udakanca iindlela zokulondoloza amanzi. 6.5 UNGENISO KWIDAYARI 6.5.1 Inkcaza • Idayari yi-akhawunti apho umntu abhala khona izinto ezimehleleyo/ ezenzekileyo okanye eziyimfihlo yakhe. • Isenokuba ziingcinga zakhe, indlela umbhali avakalelwa ngayo kunye namava awafumeneyo. • Ungeniso kwidayari yindlela oqinisekisa ngayo ukuba iminqweno yakho nezinto onamava ngazo azibhangi. 6.5.1 IFomathi/ iimpawu ● Usenokuyithiya igama idayari yakho ● Ungayibulisa ngendlela ofuna ngayo xa uza kubhala kuyo umz: Lilitha wam/ Sthandwa sam ● Ulwimi olusetyenziswayo lolungekho sesikweni. Umbhali ukhululekile ukuba angathetha imvakalelo yakhe ngohlobo ava ngalo. ● Kusetyenziswa umntu wokuqala u’Ndi’ no ‘mna’ kuba umbhali wedayari ubhala ngaye. ● Umbhali uzibhalela yena ngokwakhe, ayibhalelwa omnye umntu. ● Idayari imalunga nendlela ovakalelwa ngayo zizinto ezenzekayo. ● Umbhali uyazibhalela esebenzisa ixesha elidlulileyo ● Ungeniso ngalunye malube nomhla nexesha, akunyanzelekanga ukuba imihla yakho ilandelelane. ● Kubakho ungeniso ngedayari ebhaliweyo (umzekelo: ezeveki okanye ezemihla ngemihla) ● Ibhalwa ngokungekho sesikweni 6.5.2 Injongo: ● Kukuzikhumbuza nokubonisa amava akho buqu. 6.5.3 Isicwangciso ● Usenokucwangcisa ngomhlathi okanye ngemephu yengqondo. ● Funda umbuzo ngobunono. ● Chonga amagama angundoqo ukuze uwasebenzise xa usenza isicwangciso sakho. • Sebenzisa imephu yengqondo xa ucwangcisa lo msebenzi. 6.5.4 Umzekelo wongeniso lwedayari: Ungumfundi webanga le-12 uneemvakalelo ezahlukileyo ngokubhalwa kweemviwo kweli xesha le-covid 19. Bhala ungeniso lweentsuku ezimbini kwidayari- usuku phambi kokuba ubhale iimviwo nosuku lokugqibela lokubhalwa kweemviwo. Isihloko –Usuku phambi kokubhalwa koviwo nosuku emva kokubhalwa koviwo Ungeniso phambi koviwo- ukuziva uphantsi koxinzelelo, ukusebenza nzima usoyika, ukuvuyela ukugqiba imfundo esisiseko. Ungeniso lasemva koviwo- Ukwamkela imeko kuba kungekho nto inokuyitshintsha, ukuvuyela ukuba uviwo lugqithile, ixhala leziphumo. 76

NgoMvulo, 17 Novemba 2020 Usuku phambi kokubhala uviwo Ndiziva ndiphantsi koxinzelelo kodwa ikhona indawana evuyayo nanjengokuba isisiqalo sesiphelo seemviwo. Luviwo lwam lokugqibela olu ndikwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Ndinexhala kuba andizazi ukuba mandilindele ntoni kuba andizazi nokuba ndifunde ngokwaneleyo na kule covid-19. NgoLwesihlanu, 29 Novemba 2020 Usuku emva kokubhala uviwo Lenyanga yinyanga endingasayi kuze ndiyilibale. Okubalulekileyo kukuba igqithile. Eyona nto ibindisinda emagxeni am isukile. Ndonwabile ngoku. Inye kuphela into endiyilindeleyo ziziphumo zeemviwo kuphela. Nangona nazo ndithi ndakuzicinga ndibe nexhala lokuba ndiza kuphumelela na, kodwa isikolo sona ndiphumile kuso ndijonge kwinqanaba elingentla. Amagama asetyenzisiweyo-74 6.5.5 Umsebenzi • Ubuphantsi koxinzelelo olumandla. Bhala ungeniso lwedayari lwezi ntsuku zimbini zinzima. • Isikolo sakho besidlala ibhola nesinye isikolo saza saphumelela. Bhala ungeniso kwidayari utyhile indlela oziva ngayo. 6.6 UMYALEZO OMFUTSHANE OBHALWA NGESELULA 6.6.1 Inkcaza • Yinkonzo yokuthumela imiyalezo emifutshane okanye yokwabelana ngolwazi ngokusebenzisa inethweki usebenzisa izixhobo ezinjenge-khompyutha kunye neselula ezifanelekileyo. 6.6.2 Injongo • Kukwabelana ngolwazi, ukugqithisa umyalezo okanye ukugqithisa isaziso. 6.6.3 IFomathi Xa umntu ethumela umyalezo, makuvele oku kulandelayo: • Igama okanye inombolo yomamkeli phezulu kwesikrini sefowuni. • Umyalezo ochwetheziweyo. • Impendulo yomamkeli iyakubonakala ngezantsi komyalezo othunyelweyo ukuba uphendula ngoko nangoko. • Umhla kunye nexesha efunyenwe ngalo. Xa umntu efumana umyalezo, kuya kuvela oku kulandelayo: • Igama okanye inombolo yomthumeli phezulu kwesikrini. • Umyalezo othunyelweyo. • Umhla kunye nexesha elithunyelweyo 77

6.6.4 Iimpawu • Ulwimi lunokuba sesikweni okanye lube lolungekho sesikweni kuxhomekeka kwimeko leyo. • Ixesha lixhomekeke kumxholo. • Umyalezo kufuneka ucace kwaye ube mfutshane. • Ukusetyenziswa kwezishunqulelo, oonobumba, amanani nokushiya izikhamiso kuvumeleke kuphela xa kubhalwa itekisi engekho sesikweni. 6.6.5 Umzekelo womyalezo omfutshane ongekho sesikweni Tshana Nqwenela dibana nawe phakathi kwentsimbi ka 5 no 8 bonisane xesha lokufunda. Funa sifunde zibalo ngoba bhala zona ngomso. Lungisa ndawo oza kusifundisa kuyo kanti nam zoza nento ndiza kunifundisa yona. Mna zogqitha kuNomsa kuze naye abe nxalenye ngxoxo yethu. Klku asizukwazi dibana ngk kuba diniwe oko funda mini yonke zolo. Dibane ngo-2 emva kwemini dibanele kowenu ngoba khaya gcwele bantu sizukwazi funda. Za kumxelela ngomyalezo omfutshane Nomsa weselula fowuni kuze alungise. Phumelele ke sicelo sam ngandiphoxi. Amagama:78 Qaphela • Ulwimi olusesikweni malusetyenziswe xa kubhalwa iimviwo • Ukusetyenziswa kwezishunqulelo, oonobumba, amanani nokushiya izikhamiso AKUVUMELEKANGA 6.6.6 Umyalezo osesikweni Mtshana endimthandayo Ndinqwenela ukudibana nawe phakathi kwentsimbi yesi-5 neyesi-8 sibonisane ngexesha lokufunda. Ndifuna sifunde iziBalo namhlanje ngoba zona ziyabhalwa ngomso. Uze ulungise indawo oza kusifundisa kuyo kanti nam ndizawuza nento endiza kunifundisa yona. Mna ndizawugqitha kuNomsa ukuze naye abe yinxalenye yengxoxo yethu. Kaloku asizukwazi ukudibana ngoku kuba sidiniwe oko besifunda imini yonke yayizolo. Masidibane ngentsimbi yesi-2 emva kwemini sidibanele kowenu ngoba ekhaya kugcwele ngabantu ngoko ke asizukwazi ukufunda. Ndiza kumxelela ngomyalezo omfutshane weselula fowuni uNomsa ukuze alungise. Ndawuvuyiswa kukuphumelela kwakho kwisicelo sam. 6.6.7 Indlela yokubhala umyalezo omfutshane Ukuthumela nokufumana imiyalezo ebhaliweyo 1. Vula i-icon yeMiyalezo. 2. Cofa ukuze kuvele oonobumba bokubhala. 3. Kuzawuvela u "To," faka amagama, iinombolo zefowuni, okanye iidilesi ze-imeyile onqwenela ukuzithumela umyalezo. Unokukhetha kubantu bakho obukhe wabafowunela okanye kuluhlu lwakho lwabantu oneembolo zabo ozigcine efowunini yakho. 78

6.6.8 Umsebenzi Bhalela utitshala wesikolo sakho umyalezo omfutshane wefowuni umxelele isizathu sokuba ungakwazi ukuya kukhenketho lwesikolo oluya eKapa. 6.7 IMIYALELO: 6.7.1 Inkcaza: • Yimbalelwano esetyenziselwa ukudlulisa ulwazi olusuka komnye umntu lusiya komnye 6.7.2 Injongo • Kukudlulisa ulwazi, kukulumkisa; ukuxhobisa nokufundisa • Kukunceda abantu ukuba bafunde okuthile/ kukuqeqesha abantu kwisakhono esithile 6.7.3 Abantu ababhalelwayo • Nguye nawuphi umntu oludingayo olo lwazi ludluliswayo/ olo qeqesho lwenziwayo 6.7.4 Iimpawu zemiyalelo: • Ilungele ukufundisa/ukuxhobisa nokuyala. • Imiba nesihloko esingqalileyo nesicacileyo (Imiyalelo yokugcina uxhwebhu (idotyhumenti) kwifayili yekhompyutha kwifayili eyiZIP) • Kunikwa imiyalelo malunga nokuthile ekufuneka kwenziwe • Kukho oyalelayo (onika imiyalelo) nomntu oyalelwayo (owamkela imiyalelo) • Ibhekisa ngqo kulo uyalelwayo. • Mayingqale imiyalelo ngokomxholo nenjongo yayo • Kunokusetyenziswa imizekelo nolwazi olunika iinkcukacha • Imiyalelo mayichaneke. • Iimpawu ezibalulekileyo ezifana nemifanekiso, imizobo zinokusetyenziswa ukuzama ukucacisa oko kuthethwayo. • Mayingabinzima ukuba ilandeleke 6.7.5 Ulwimi lokubhala imiyalelo: • Sebenzisa izivakalisi ezifutshane. • Bhala ngokusebenzisa isiyaleli (izenzi ezikuhlobo lokuyalela) • Qala isivakalisi ngegama elinika umyalelo. • Bhala kwimo evumayo (elandulayo xa ithe yasetyenziswa mayisetyenziswe kancinci) • isivakalisi esinye masiqulathe umyalelo omnye (makunikwe imiyalelo emibini kwisivakalisi esinye) • Kusetyenziswa izihlanganisi nesigama sokulandelelaniswa kwezinto, izihlomelo nezichazi. • Makubhalwe kwixesha langoku kungasetyenziswa isenziwa. 79

6.7.6 Ifomathi/isakhiwo semiyalelo: Inentshayelelo, isiqu nesiphelo: Intshayelelo • Inokuza nolwazi oluyimvelaphi/olucacisa isizathu sokubhalwa/sokunikwa kwale miyalelo. • Ukuba yimiyalelo yenkqubo emayilandelwe ekuyileni/ekwenzeni into ethile makuqalwe ngokunika/ngokuxela okufunekayo okanye kuchaze imeko nemiqathango elindelekileyo. • Kunokunikwa ulwazi lokhuseleko/kulunyukiswe xa kukho imfuneko. Isiqu • Bhala ulwazi olungundoqo olusisizathu sokunikwa kwemiyalelo • Iingongoma zakho mazilandelelaniswe kakuhle ngokokulandelelana kwenkqubo leyo. • Makungabikho nqanaba lishiywayo ukuba yimiyalelo enkqubo ehamba ngamanqanaba. • Ulwazi olubalulekileyo lubeke ekuqaleni kwesivakalisi. • Nika inkcaza kangangoko nengcaciso kananjalo Isiphelo • Makuvakale ukuba imiyalelo ifikelela ekupheleni [okokugqibela/ekugqibeleni] 6.7.7 Umzekelo wemiyalelo: Isihloko: Imiyalelo ngendlela yokugcina uxwebhu (idotyhumenti yakho kwikhompyutha) Intshayelelo: Le miyalelo yeyokuba ukwazi ukuthi wakugqiba ukubhala usebenzisa ikhompyutha ulugcine olo xwebhu ukuze ungalahlekwa lolo lwazi Isiqu: Ukuze ukwazi ukugcina uxwebhu obulubhala ekhompyutheni landela le nkqubo: • Cofa (klikha) iayikhoni eyi-File kwikona esekhohlo kwiphepha ububhala kulo. • Hlisa amehlo akho uhamba ngokokuhamba kokuvelayo apho. • Cofa kumbhalwana othi “Save as” ikuse kwindawo eneefayili ezilungiselelwe ukugcina amaxwebhu awokhelwe apho kwikhompyutha • Khetha kuluhlu indawo azo ukulugcina kuyo uxwebu lwakho. • Cofa (klikha kuyo) iza kuluthatha ulubone ilubeke kwibhokisana enebinzana elibhalwe “file name” ekhohlo, ekunene • Thoba amehlo ubone igama elinika umyalelo elithi, “save” elithetha ukugcina • Cofa (klikha) kulo. Ngolo hlobo ke uxwebhu lwakho lugcinakele Umsebenzi Bhala imiyalelo yokuxhobisa umnakwenu ngendlela yokuthatha amanqaku eklasini xa kufundiswa. Sebenzisa le theyibhile ingezantsi. 80

6.8 IZALATHISI 6.8.1 Inkcaza • Lulwazi lokwazisa umntu indlela amakahambe ngayo ukuze afike apho aya khona. 6.8.2 Injongo • Kukukhombisa umntu indlela eza kumenza aye kufika kwindawo aya kuyo/ kukuxelela umntu indlela yokuya kwindawo ethile. 6.8.3 Abantu ababhalelwayo: • Ngulowo ufuna ukukhonjiswa indlela/ ufuna ulwazi lokuya kwindawo ethile. 6.8.4 Iimpawu • Yimiyalelo malunga nendlela emayithathwe ngulowo walathiswayo. • Ilungele ukufundisa/ukuxhobisa nokuyala • Imiba nesihloko esingqalileyo nesicacileyo • Kunikwa imiyalelo malunga nendlela emakuhanjwe kuyo • Kukho oyalelayo (onika imiyalelo) nomntu oyalelwayo (owamkela imiyalelo) • Ibhekisa ngqo kulo uyalelwayo. • Mayingqale imiyalelo yezalathisi ngokomxholo nenjongo yayo • Imiyalelo yokwalathisa mayichaneke. • Iimpawu zendlela ezifana nendlela (umzila) kaloliwe, iibhulorho, imilambo, iicawa, iivenkile, amaholo, izibhedlele, izikolo, iiklinikhi, amagama esitrato, imizobo zinokusetyenziswa ukuzama ukucacisa mazikhankanywe. • Mayingabinzima ukuze ilandeleke lula • Unokukhankanywa umgama oza kuhanjwa 6.8.5 Ulwimi • Sebenzisa izivakalisi ezifutshane. • Bhala ngokusebenzisa isiyaleli (izenzi ezikuhlobo lokuyalela) • Qala isivakalisi ngegama elinika umyalelo. • Bhala kwimo evumayo (elandulayo xa ithe yasetyenziswa mayisetyenziswe kancinci) • Isivakalisi esinye masiqulathe umyalelo omnye/isalathisi (makunikwe imiyalelo emibini kwisivakalisi esinye) • Kusetyenziswa izihlanganisi nesigama sokulandelelaniswa kwezinto, izihlomelo zendawo nezichazi. • Makubhalwe kwixesha langoku kungasetyenziswa isenziwa. 81

6.8.6 Ifomathi nesakhiwo sezalathisi: Inentshayelelo, isiqu nesiphelo: Intshayelelo • Inokuza nolwazi oluyimvelaphi/olucacisa isizathu sokubhalwa/sokunikwa kwezalathisi. • Kunokunikwa ulwazi lokhuseleko/kulunyukiswe xa kukho imfuneko. • Kunokukhankanywa ukuba kwakuba luncedo njani ukusetyenziswa kwaloo ndlela Isiqu • Bhala ulwazi olungundoqo olusisizathu sokunikwa kwezalathisi • Makukhankanywe indawo aza kusukela kuyo lo walathiswayo • Iingongoma zakho mazilandelelaniswe kakuhle ngokokulandelelana kwendlela namagophe ayo. • Ulwazi olubalulekileyo lubeke ekuqaleni kwesivakalisi. • Nika inkcaza kangangoko nengcaciso kananjalo Isiphelo • Makuvakale ukuba izalathisi zifikelela ekupheleni [okokugqibela/ekugqibeleni] • Makukhankanywe le ndawo bekusiywa kuyo/isiphelo sendlel 6.8.7 Umzekelo wezalathisi: imephu 6.8.8 Umzekelo womsebenzi: Yalathisa umzala wakho osemyuziyam indlela eya ekhefi: Isihloko: Indlela esuka emyuziyam eya ekhefi: Xa uza kuya ekhefi usuka emyuziyam hamba ngolu hlobo: Ngena kwiirobhothi kwisitrato iBond. Nqumla kwiirobhothi ezikuso ubesowujika kufutshne nazo. Ngena kwisitrato iGreen, udlule ivenkile esekhohlo uhambe umganyana ongephi. Jika ekhohlo unyuke, udlule ivenkile esekhohlo kuwe Nyuka kancinci uza kubona isitishi ekhohlo phambi kwakho, ikhefi ingasekunene. Jikela ngendlela uye kungena esangweni ngezantsi. Ufikile ke ekhefi njalo mzala 82

IINCWADI EZISETYENZISIWEYO 1. Mc Connell R E & Penner P G: LANGUAGE; Speech and writing; Macmillan, Canada 1980. 2.Department of Basic education (2011); Inkcazelo yePolisi yeSizwe yeKharityhulam nokuHlola, (Government printing works, Pretoria.) 2. Nondumiso Mdekazi: Tommy Kabanyane (2013) Incindi Yolwimi LwesiXhosa (CAPS) Isikhokelo Sikatitshala, Cambridge University Press. 3. STUDY MASTER: ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LWASEKHAYA (CAPS) (2020) Icandelo lesi-4, Cambridge University Press. 4. Department of Basic education Incwadana Yohlaziyo: Ibanga le-12 83

IZIHLOMELELO IRUBHRIKHO ZOKUMAKUTSHA IZINCOKO NEMIHLATHI ICANDELO A: IZINCOKO – o Sebenzisa le rubrikhi rhoqo xa umakisha izincoko (zephepha lesi-3, Icandelo A) o Amanqaku ukusukela kweli-0 ukuya kwangama-50 ahlula-hlulwe ngokwamanqanaba amahlanu. o Imigangatho yomxholo, ulwimi nesimbo, inqanaba ngalinye kula mahlanu lahlula-hlulwe kubini, kwakho amanqaku abelwe abo banezincoko ezikwinqwanqwa eliphakamileyo nezo zikwinqwanqwa elingezantsi kwinqanaba ngalinye. o Isakhiwo asichatshazelwa kukwahlulwa ngokwenqwanqwa eliphezulu nelisezantsi. IRUBRIKHI YOKUHLOLA ISINCOKO ULWIMI LWASEKHAYA [50 AMANQAKU] Imiqathango Egqwesileyo Esemagqabini Eyanelisayo Eyinxalenye Engaphumelelanga neqaqambileyo nefanelekileyo UMXHOLO 28–30 22–24 16–18 10–12 4–6 NOCWANGCISO -Impendulo igqwesile/ -Impendulo ixongxwe -Impendulo iyanelisa. -Impendulo -Impendulo (Impendulo inomtsalane, ngaphezu ngobugcisa. -Izimvo ayinaluthungelwano ayihambelani nezimvo) koko bekulindelekile. -Izimvo zihambelana ziyathungelana noko Lungqinelanayo. nomxholo kwaphela. -Izimvo eziqiqisisiweyo, gingci nomxholo kwaye ziyaqinisekisa -Izimvo azicacanga -Izimvo ziyabhidisa Inqwanqwa eliphakamileyo Uyondelelwaniso lwezimvo ezixhokonxa iingcinga zinomdla zinobungqina ngokusemxholweni. kwaye ayizizo kwaye ngokucwangcisa ezivuthiweyo. bokuvuthwa. -Ilungelelanisiwe noko ezomfundi. azingqamananga Ukuqonda -Impendulo -Ilungelelaniswe kakuhle kwaye iyathungelana -Buncinci ubungqina kwaphela nomxholo. injongo, abantu elungelelaniswe kakuhle kakhulu kwaye kuquka intshayelelo, bolungelelwaniso -Azicacanga kwaye ekujoliswe kubo ngokugqwesileyo iyathungelana isiqu ukuqukumbela/ nothungelwano ziphindaphindiwe. kunye nesimo enothungelwano (inonamathelwano) nesiphelo. lweengcamango. -Azilungelelaniswanga sentlalo (enonamathelwano) kuquka intshayelelo, kwaye azithungelani. ukuquka intshayelelo, isiqu, isiqu ukuqukumbela / ukuqukumbela/nesiphelo. nesiphelo. 30 AMANQAKU 25–27 19–21 13–15 7–9 0–3 -Impendulo egqwesileyo -Impendulo ixongxwe -Impendulo -Ubukhulu becala -Akukho linge kodwa ineendawana esilela kakuhle. eyanelisayo nangona impendulo lokuphendula isihloko. kuzo ukuba neempawu -Izimvo ziyahambelana kumana kubakho ayihambelani -Ayihambelani ezinomtsalane ogqwesileyo zinomdla. izikhewu kwingcaciso. nomxholo. kwaphela nomxholo Inqwanqwa elingezants wesincoko esinkqenkqeza -Ilungelelaniswe kakuhle -Izimvo -Izimvo zibonakalisa kwaye ayifanelekanga. phambili. iyathungelana ziyanamathelana ukungahlangani -Ayingqamananga -Izimvo ezivuthiweyo (inonamathelwano) ngokwanelisayo nokubhidisa. nomxholo kwaphela neziqiqisisiweyo. kuquka intshayelelo, kwaye ziyaqinisekisa. -Phantse bungabikho kwaye inobubhutyu- -Izimvo zilungelelaniswe isiqu nesiphelo. -Kukho ubungqina bhutyu. ngobugcisa. ulungelelwaniso bolungelelwaniso zinothungelwano olufumanekayo nothungelwano. (zinonamathelwano) nothungelwano kuquka intshayelelo, isiqu kwintshayelelo, isiqu kunye nesiphelo. nesiphelo. 84

ULWIMI, ISIMBO 14–15 11–12 8–9 5–6 0–3 SOKUBHALA -Ithoni, irejista, -Ithoni, irejista, -Ithoni, irejista, -Ithoni, irejista, isimbo -Ulwimi alunantsingiselo. NOKUHLELA isimbo sokubhala, isimbo sokubhala isimbo sokubhala sokubhala nesigama -Ithoni, irejista, isimbo Ithoni, irejista, isigama zifaneleke kunye nesigama nesigama azihambelani sokubhala nesigama isimbo kakhulu kwinjongo, ziqaqambe kakhulu zifanelekile nenjongo, abantu azihambelani mpela sokubhala abantu ekujoliswe kwinjongo, abantu kwinjongo, abantu ekujoliswe kubo nenjongo, abantu nesigama kubo nakwisimo ekujoliswe kubo ekujoliswe kubo nesimo sentlalo. ekujoliswe kubo nesimo esifanelene sentlalo. nesimo sentlalo. nesimo sentlalo. -Ulwimi lusetyenziswa sentlalo. nenjongo/nesimo -Ulwimi -Ulwimi luchanekile -Ulwimi ngendlela -Ukusetyenziswa sentlalo. lusetyenziswe kwaye ithoni lusetyenziswe ebuthathaka. kwesigama kunqongophele Uchongo ngokuzithemba, isetyenzisiwe ngokufanelekileyo -Ithoni nochongo ngokubaxekileyo de magama, luyachukumisa ngokufanelekileyo ukudlulisa magama ungakwazi ukuqonda ukusetyenziswa ngokugqwesileyo. nangokuzinzileyo umyalezo. azifanelekanga. okubhaliweyo. kolwimi -Ithoni edlwengula kwisincoko siphela. -Ithoni ifanelekile. -Isigama nemigaqo, umxhelo -Ubukhulu becala -Izixhobo zolwimi sinqongophele Iimpawu nenobuciko. akukho ziphene zisetyenzisiwe kakhulu. zokubhala, -Phantse kwigrama nopelo. ukuphuhlisa igrama, nopelo. kungabikho nasinye -Sixongxwe kakuhle nokuphucula isiphene segrama kakhulu. umxholo. 15 AMANQAKU nopelo. Inqwanqwa eliphakamileyo -Sixongxwe ngobugcisa obukhulu. 13 10 7 4 -Ulwimi lugqwesile -Ulwimi luyakuthimba -Ukusetyenziswa -Ukusetyenziswa kwaye kwaye ubukhulu kolwimi kolwimi kusetyenziswe becala luchanekile. ngokwanelisayo ngokungafanelekanga. izixhobo zolwimi -Ithoni iqaqambile kodwa kusekho -Kuncinci okanye ezibonakalisa kwaye ichanekile. ukungangqinelani akukho ukohluka – ubuciko -Zimbalwa iziphene apha naphaya. hlukana kwezivakalisi. ngokufanelekileyo. zegrama nopelo. -Ubukhulu becala -Isigama -Phantse -Sixongxwe kakuhle. ithoni ifanelekile sinqongophele Inqwanqwa kungabikho nasinye kodwa usetyenziso ngokugqithisileyo. isiphene segrama zixhobo zolwimi elingezantsi nopelo. lunqongophele. -Sixongxwe ngobugcisa. ISAKHIWO 5 4 3 2 0–1 Iimpawu zodidi lwesincoko, -Isihloko sikhuliswe -Iinkcukacha -Ukuphuhliswa -Kukho amanqaku -Amanqaku asemxholweni ukuphuhliswa ngokugqwesileyo. zakhiwe kweenkcukacha asemxholweni. awakho. kwemihlathi -Iinkcukacha ngokulandelelana ngokusemxholweni. -Izivakalisi nemihlathi -Ulwakhiwo lwezivakalisi nokubunjwa ezigqwesileyo. nangokuqiqisisiweyo. -Izivakalisi, zineemposiso. nemihlathi lunobubhutyu- kwezivakalisi. -Izivakalisi, imihlathi -Ziyathungelana. imihlathi zakhiwe -Isincoko bhutyu. zakhiwe -Ukwakhiwa kakuhle. sisesemxholweni -Isincoko siphume kwaphela 5 AMANQAKU ngokugqwesileyo. kwezivakalisi -Isincoko nangona zisekhona emxholweni. nemihlathi sisesemxholweni. iziphene. kuyahambelana, kwahluka-hlukene. 85

QAPHELA: • Sebenzisa le rubriki rhoqo xa umakisha izincoko zephepha lesi-3, ICANDELO A. • Amanqaku ukusukela kweli-0 ukuya kwangama-50 ahlulahlulwe ngokwamanqanaba amahlanu aphambili. • Kwikhrayitheriya yoMxholo, uLwimi neSimbo, inqanaba ngalinye kula mahlanu lahlulahlulwe lanomgangatho ongentla nongezantsi yanemimandla yamanqaku ahambelana nomgangatho ngamnye. • Ikhrayitheriya yeSakhiwo yona ayichaphazeleki ngumgangatho ongentla nongezantsi. IRUBRIKI YOKUHLOLA IZINCOKO – ULWIMI LOKUQALA OLONGEZELELWEYO [50 AMANQAKU] Ikhrayitheriy Balaseleyo Enobuchule Phakathi Buthathaka Bubhetyebhetye a UMXHOLO 28–30 22–24 16–18 10–12 4–6 NOCWANGC -Impendulo -Impendulo -Impendulo -Impendulo -Impendulo ayikho ISO ebalaseleyo ixonxwe iyanelisa ingena iphuma mxholweni konke enomtsalane, ngobugcisa ngokupheleleyo emxholweni konke (Impendulo ngaphaya obukhulu -Izimvo akukho -Izimvo zibondene nezimvo) kobekulindelekile -Izimvo ziyanamathelana lunamathelwan azingqalanga Ukubekelela -Izimvo zinxulumene noko kwaye o kwizimvo ntweni izimvo zihlakaniphile, nomxholo zingakuguqula -Izimvo -Azivakali izimvo ngenjongo zixhokonxa kwaye zinika ukucinga azicacanga kwaye yokucwangc iingcinga kwaye umdla, bukho kofundayo kwaye ezinye ziyaphindaphindw isa zinemfezeko ubungqina -Iingcamango zazo a/ Ukubonakali -Isincoko bemfezeko zibekelelwe zezemboleko uthetha into enye Umgangatho ongentla sa ukuyazi sibekelelwe kwizimvo ngokunamathelene -Buncinci -Iingcamango injongo, ngobuchule -Iingcamango yo kuquka kakhulu zibekwe xazalala abantu obungaqhelekanga zibekelelwe intshayelelo, isiqu ubungqina azinalunxibelelwa ekujoliswe kwaye intshayelelo, ngokwakhelana nesiphelo bobekelelo no kubo kunye isiqu kwakunye yo kuquka nonamathelwan nemeko nesiphelo intshayelelo, o zibonakalisa isiqu nesiphelo lweengcamang 30 unamathelwano o AMANQAKU olunemfezeko 25–27 19–21 13–15 7–9 0–3 -Impendulo -Impendulo -Impendulo -Impendulo -Impendulo encamisileyo ixonxwe iyanelisa nangona iphumile itenxile malunga kodwa akukho ngobugcisa kumana kubakho emxholweni nomxholo zimpawu -Izimvo ukungacaci ubukhulu -Izimvo zitenxile zakubalasela zisemxholweni kwiindawo ezithile becala zingcwecwela kubhekele phi kwaye zinika -Kukho -Izimvo kude nomxholo kwisincoko umdla ukunamathelana ziyaqhawu- -Iingcamango -Izimvo zivuthiwe -Sibekelelwe okubonakalayo qhawuka ziyingxubevange Umgangatho ongezantsi zixhokonxa ngobuchule, kwizimvo kwaye ziyabhidisa engenamgqalisela iingcinga kukho kuyanelisa - -Iingcamango ukunamathelan -Kukho Buyanqaphazek zibekelelwe a ukubekelelwa a ubungqina zandindaniswa kweengcamang kweengcamango bokubekeleleka ngobugcisa kuquka o okuquka nonamathelwano kweengcamang intshayelelo, isiqu intshayelelo, kwintshayelelo, o kunye nesiphelo isiqu nesiphelo isiqu nesiphelo nonamathelwan o 86

IRUBRIKI YOKUHLOLA IZINCOKO – ULWIMI LOKUQALA OLONGEZELELWEYO [50 AMANQAKU] Ikhrayitheriya Balaseleyo Enobuchule Phakathi Buthathaka Bubhetyebhetye ULWIMI, 14–15 11–12 8–9 5–6 0–3 ISIMBO & -Ithoni, irejista, isimbo, -Ithoni, irejista, isimbo, -Ithoni, irejista, -Ithoni, irejista, -Ulwimi aluvakali NOKUHLELA isigama zifanelene isigama zifanelene isimbo, isigama isimbo, isigama -Ithoni, irejista, ngokugqwesileyo nenjongo, kakhulu nenjongo, sifanelene azifanelananga isimbo, isigama Ukuhambelan abantu ekujoliswe kubo abantu ekujoliswe kubo nenjongo, abantu ncam nenjongo, azifanelananga a kwethoni, kunye nemeko kunye nemeko ekujoliswe kubo abantu ekujoliswe kwaphela irejista, -Ulwimi lusetyenziswe -Ulwimi luchaneke kunye nemeko kubo kunye nenjongo, abantu isimbo, ngokuzithemba, ngakumbi kwaye ithoni -Ulwimi nemeko ekujoliswe kubo isigama kunye luyathabathekisa isetyenziswe olufanelekileyo -Ulwimi kunye nemeko Umgangatho ongentla nemeko -Ithoni enomtsalane ngokuchaneka ludlulisa umyalezo lusetyenziswa -Ukunqongophala Ukhetho- nezafobe zentetho kwisincoko siphela -Ithoni ifanelekile ngendlela kwesigama magama eziphumeza injongo -Iziphene -Izafobe zentetho ebuthathaka kubaxekile Ukusetyenzis -Phantse kube akukho zokusetyenziswa kolwimi zinonga umxholo -Ithoni nochongo kangangokuba wa kolwimi nasinye isiphene nopelo zinqongophele magama ayinasihlahla into nesigama solwakhiwo zivakalisi, upelo -Sixonxwe ngobugcisa azifanelekanga ebhaliweyo Iimpawu nokusetyenziswa kolwimi obukhulu -Isigama zobhalo, -Sixonxwe ngobugcisa sinqongophele izakhi obukhulu zezivakalisi, 13 10 7 4 nopelo -Ulwimi luchanekile kanye -Ulwimi lunomtsalane -Kuyanelisa -Ukusetyenziswa Umgangatho ongezantsi nezafobe zisetyenziswe kwaye luyaziphumeza ukusetyenziswa kolwimi kubonisa 15 ngethoni ephumeza iinjongo zokubhala kolwimi kodwa ububhetyebhetye AMANQAKU ukudlulisa umyalezo -Ithoni ifanelekile kwaye asekho -Izivakalisi -Phantse kube akukho iyaziphumeza iinjongo amakhwiniba zinobuthathaka- nasinye isiphene zokubhala -Ithoni ifanelekile azitshintsha- solwakhiwo zivakalisi, -Zimbalwa iziphene kodwa izafobe tshintshwa upelo, nokusetyenziswa zezakhi zezivakalisi zentetho -Isigama kolwimi kunye nopelo ezisetyenzisiweyo sinqongophele -Sixonxwe ngobugcisa -Sixonxwe ngobugcisa zinqongophele ngokubalaseleyo obukhulu ISAKHIWO 5 4 3 2 0–1 Isihloko sikhuliswe -Iinkcukacha ezinengqiqo -Iinkcukacha -Zikho iingcamango -Iingcamango Iimpawu ngokuncamisayo zikhuliswe ezisemxholweni ezamkelekileyo ezifunekayo zetekisi -Iinkcukacha zibalasele ngokwakhelanayo zikhulisiwe -Isakhiwo zinqongophele Ukukhula ngokungaqhelekanga -Izimvo zinamathelene -Izivakalisi, sezivakalisi -Isakhiwo kwemihlathi -Izivakalisi, imihlathi -Izivakalisi, imihlathi imihlathi zakhiwe nesemihlathi sezivakalisi nokwakhiwa zakhiwe zaqiqisiswa zitshintshatshintshwa kuhle sinamakhwiniba nesemihlathi kwezivakalisi ngokugqwesileyo ngobuchule -Isincoko sibunjwe -Isincoko sisenayo sigxoko-gxoko obuqiqisisiweyo ngengqiqo ingqiqo -Isincoko 5 AMANQAKU asinangqiqo UMMANDLA 43–50 33–40 23–30 13–20 0–10 WAMANQAKU (isaqhubeka) 87

QAPHELA: • Sebenzisa le rubrikhi rhoqo xa umakisha isincoko (Iphepha 2, ICANDELO A). • Amanqaku phakathi kweli-0–40 ahlulwe ngokwamanqanaba amahlanu. • AmaBINI okuqala kula manqanaba azizahlulo ngokomgangatho ongentla nongezantsi kwaza kwabekwa amanqaku ahambelana nale migangathi IRUBRIKI YOKUHLOLA ISINCOKO – ULWIMI LWESIBINI OLONGEZELELWEYO [40 AMANQAKU] Ikhrayitheriya Balaseleyo Enobuchule Phakathi Buthathaka Bubhetyebhetye UMXHOLO 22–24 18 12–16 7–11 0–6 NOCWANGCISO -Impendulo -Impendulo ixonxwe -Impendulo iyanelisa -Impendulo ingena -Impendulo ayikho ebalaseleyo ngobugcisa ngokupheleleyo iphuma emxholweni mxholweni konke (Impendulo enomtsalane, obukhulu -Izimvo akukho konke nezimvo) ngaphaya -Izimvo zinxulumene ziyanamathelana lunamathelwano -Izimvo zibondene Ukubekelela kobekulindelekile nomxholo kwaye noko kwaye kwizimvo azigqalanga ntweni izimvo -Izimvo zinika umdla, bukho zingakuguqula -Izimvo azicacanga -Azivakali izimvo ngenjongo zihlakaniphile, ubungqina ukucinga kofundayo kwaye ezinye zazo kwaye yokucwangcisa zixhokonxa iingcinga bemfezeko -Iingcamango zezemboleko ziyaphindaphindwa/ Ukubonakalisa kwaye zinemfezeko kwizimvo zibekelelwe -Buncinci kakhulu uthetha into enye Umgangatho ongentla ukuyazi injongo, -Isincoko sibekelelwe -Iingcamango ngokunamatheleneyo ubungqina -Iingcamango abantu ngobuchule zibekelelwe kuquka intshayelelo, bobekelelo zibekwe xazalala ekujoliswe kubo obungaqhelekanga ngokwakhelanayo isiqu nesiphelo nonamathelwano azinalunxibelelwano kunye nemeko kwaye intshayelelo, kuquka intshayelelo, lweengcamango isiqu kwakunye isiqu nesiphelo. 24 AMANQAKU nesiphelo zibonakalisa unamathelwano olunemfezeko 19–21 17 -Impendulo -Impendulo ixonxwe encamisileyo kodwa ngobugcisa akukho zimpawu -Izimvo zakubalasela zisemxholweni Umgangatho ongezantsi kubhekele phi kwaye zinika umdla kwisincoko -Sibekelelwe -Izimvo zivuthiwe ngobuchule, kukho zixhokonxa iingcinga ukunamathelana -Iingcamango kweengcamango zibekelelwe okuquka zandindaniswa intshayelelo, isiqu ngobugcisa kuquka nesiphelo. intshayelelo, isiqu kunye nesiphelo. 88

Ikhrayitheriya Balaseleyo Enobuchule Phakathi Buthathaka Bubhetyebhetye ULWIMI, 10–12 8–9 6–7 4–5 0–3 ISIMBO & -Ulwimi lugqwesile -Ulwimi lunomtsalane -Kuyanelisa -Ukusetyenziswa -Ulwimi aluvakali NOKUHLELA nezafobe kwaye ukusetyenziswa kolwimi kubonisa -Ukunqongophala Ukuhambelana zisetyenziswe luyaziphumeza kolwimi kodwa ububhetyebhetye kwesigama kubaxekile kwethoni, ngethoni ephumeza iinjongo zokubhala kunamakhwiniba -Izivakalisi kangangokuba irejista, isimbo, ukudlulisa umyalezo -Ithoni ifanelekile angephi zinobuthathaka- ayinasihlahla into isigama kunye -Phantse kube akukho kwaye iyaziphumeza -Ithoni ifanelekile azitshintshwa- ebhaliweyo nemeko nasinye isiphene iinjongo zokubhala kodwa ubambe tshintshwa Ukhetho- solwakhiwo zivakalisi, -Zimbalwa iziphene isandla -Isigama magama upelo zezakhi zezivakalisi ekusebenziseni sinqongophele Ukusetyenziswa nesokusetyenziswa kunye nopelo izafobe zentetho ngokubalaseleyo kolwimi kolwimi -Sixonxwe nesigama -Sixonxwe ngobugcisa ngobugcisa Iimpawu obukhulu zobhalo, izakhi zezivakalisi, nopelo 12 AMANQAKU ISAKHIWO 4 3 2 1 0 Iimpawu -Isihloko sikhuliswe -Iinkcukacha -Iinkcukacha -Zikho iingcamango -Iingcamango zetekisi ngokuncamisayo ezinengqiqo ezisemxholweni ezamkelekileyo ezifunekayo Ukukhula -Iinkcukacha zikhuliswe zikhulisiwe -Isakhiwo zinqongophele kwemihlathi zibalasele ngokwakhelana -Izivakalisi, imihlathi sezivakalisi -Isakhiwo sezivakalisi nokwakhiwa ngokungaqhelekanga -Izimvo zakhiwe kuhle nesemihlathi nesemihlathi sigxoko- kwezivakalisi -Izivakalisi, imihlathi zinamathelene -Isincoko sibunjwe sinamakhwiniba gxoko 4 AMANQAKU zakhiwe zaqiqi siswa -Izivakalisi, imihlathi ngengqiqo -Isincoko sisenayo -Isincoko asinangqiqo ngokugqwesileyo zitshintshatshintshwa ingqiqo ngobuchule obuqiqisisiweyo UMMANDLA 33–40 28–30 20–25 12–17 0–9 WAMANQAKU 89

ISIHLOMELELO B: IRUBRIKHI YOKUHLOLA IMIHLATHI ULWIMI LWASEKHAYA [25 AMANQAKU] Imiqathango Egqwesileyo Esemagqabini Eyanelisayo Eyinxalenye Engaphumelelanga neqaqambileyo nefanelekileyo UMXHOLO, 13–15 10–12 7–9 4–6 0–3 UCWANGCISO -Impendulo igqwesile -Impendulo -Impendulo -Kubonakala ubunzima -Impendulo NEFOMATHI ngaphezu koko esemagqabini eyanelisayo malunga nolwazi ibonakalisa bekulindelekile. ebonisa ulwazi ebonisa ulwazi lweempawu zolu didi ukunqongophala -Impendulo -Izimvo eziqiqisisiweyo olululo ngeempawu zodidi lwetekisi. kolwazi ngeempawu nezimvo. nezivuthiweyo. ngeempawu zodidi lomhlathi. -Kukho ukungqamana zodidi lomhlathi. -Ulungelelwaniso -Ulwazi olunzulu lomhlathi. -Ayikho mxholweni okungephi -Intsingiselo lwezimvo. ngeempawu zohlobo -Ubhalo ngokupheleleyo. okusemxholweni kodwa ilahlekile kwaye nokucwangcisa lomhlathi obhaliweyo. lusemxholweni. -Kukho kukho ukuphambuka akakho mxholweni -Injongo, abantu -Ubhalo lusemxholweni -Ukuthungelana ukuphambuka kubhalo. kwaphela. ekujoliswe kubo, ncakasana. komxholo okungephi -Akusoloko kukho -Ayithungelani iimpawu/imigaqo -Ukuthungelana nezimvo, kucaciswe emxholweni. uthungelwano phakathi kumxholo nezimvo. nesimo sentlalo. komxholo nezimvo. kakuhle -Ubukhulu becala komxholo nezimvo. -Zimbalwa kakhulu -Icaciswe nzulu kwaye kakhulu kwaye uyathungelana -Zimbalwa iinkcukacha iinkcukacha zonke iinkcukacha neenkcukacha umxholo nezimvo. ezixhasa isihloko. ezixhasa isihloko. 15 AMANQAKU ziyasixhasa isihloko. zixhasa isihloko. -Ezinye -Imigaqo eyimfuneko -Ayisetyenziswanga -Ifomathi yamkelekile -Ifomathi iinkcukacha yefomathi isetyenziswe imigaqo eyimfuneko kwaye ichanekile. efanelekileyo ziyasixhasa ngokungacacanga. yefomathi. eneziphene isihloko. -Imigaqo engundoqo ezingephi. -Ubukhulu becala yefomathi yetekisi ifomathi ifanelekile ityeshelwe. kodwa kukho iziphene ezingephi. ULWIMI, ISIMBO 9–10 7–8 5–6 3–4 0–2 SOKUBHALA -Ithoni, irejista, isimbo -Ithoni, irejista, -Ithoni, irejista, -Ithoni, irejista, isimbo -Ithoni, irejista, NOKUHLELA sokubhala, isigama isimbo sokubhala, isimbo sokubhala, sokubhala, isigama isimbo sokubhala, Ithoni, irejista, zifaneleke ngokukodwa isigama zifaneleke isigama zifanelekile asifanelekanga isigama isimbo sokubhala, kwinjongo, abantu kakhulu kwinjongo, kwinjongo, abantu ngokupheleleyo asihambelani injongo/ imeko, ekujoliswe kubo abantu ekujoliswe ekujoliswe kubo kwinjongo, abantu nenjongo, abantu abantu ekujoliswe nakwisimo sentlalo. kubo kunye kunye nesimo ekujoliswe kubo kunye ekujoliswe kubo kubo nesimo -Ulwimi lusetyenziswe nakwisimo sentlalo. sentlalo. nesimo sentlalo. nesimo sentlalo. sentlalo. ngokuchanekileyo kwaye -Ubukhulu becala -Kukho iziphene -Ukusetyenziswa -Izele ziziphene Ukusetyenziswa lwakhiwe ngokukuko. ulwimi lusetyenziswe ezimbalwa zolwimi. kolwimi yaye iyabhidisa. kolwimi nemigaqo -Phantse kungabikho ngokukuko -kukho isigama ngokungachanekanga -Isigama yalo. nasinye isiphene nangokuchanekileyo esaneleyo. kubangela iziphene asihambelani Uchongo magama. segrama nopelo. -Isigama sichaneke -Iziphene ezibaxekileyo. nenjongo. Iimpawu zokubhala kakuhle. aziyichaphazeli -Intsingiselo ilahlekile. -Intsingiselo nopelo. -Ubukhulu becala intsingiselo. ichaphazeleke akukho ziphene. ngokukodwa. 10 AMANQAKU 90

ISIHLOMELO B: IRUBRIKI YOKUHLOLA IMIHLATHI EMIDE– ULWIMI LOKUQALA OLONGEZELELWEYO [30 AMANQAKU] Ikhrayitheriya Balaseleyo Enobuchule Phakathi Buthathaka Bubhetyebhetye UMXHOLO, 15–18 11–14 8–10 5–7 0–4 UCWANGCISO -Impendulo igqwesile -Impendulo -Impendulo iyanelisa -Impendulo -Impendulo NEFOMATHI idlule okuqhelekileyo ibonakalisa ibonakalisa ulwazi ibonakalisa ulwazi ibonakalisa -Izimvo ziqiqisisiwe ukuchaneka kanobom lweempawu zolu didi olungephi lweempawu ukunqongophala Ukungqala kwaye zivuthiwe ulwazi olunzulu lwetekisi zolu didi lwetekisi kolwazi lweempawu kwempendulo -Luphangalele ulwazi lweempawu zolu didi -Izimvo ziyaphuma -Zimbalwa izimvo zolu didi lwetekisi nezimvo lweempawu zolu didi lwetekisi emxholweni kwaye ezisemxholweni -Intsingiselo ilahleka Ukuqoqwa lwetekisi -Ingqalile ayiphumi kukho nokugqwidiza kodwa kuninzi rhoqo ide iphume kwezimvo -Umsebenzi nasemxholweni -Ukunamathelana ukuphuma ecaleni emxholweni ngenjongo ungqalile uhleli -Izimvo zixonxwe kumxholo nezimvo -Kunqabile -Akukho yokucwangcisa emxholweni zadakancwa kufanelekile ukunamathelana ukunamathelana Injongo yokubhala, -Kukho ngokunamatheleneyo -Ezinye iinkcukacha komxholo nezimvo kumxholo nezimvo abo kujoliswe kubo, ukunamathelana kumxholo nezimvo zixhasa isihloko -Zimbalwa iinkcukacha -Zimbalwa kakhulu iimpawu/imigaqo kwizimvo nomxholo -Iinkcukacha zixhasa -Ifomathi ifanelekile ezixhasa isihloko iinkcukacha ezixhasa yetekisi, kunye -Iingcamango isihloko kodwa kusekho -Imigaqo yefomathi isihloko nemeko zidakancwe -Ifomathi ifanelekile ukungachaneki ephambili -Imigaqo eyimfuneko ngobunono zonke ineendawana isetyenziswe yobhalo lwale tekisi 18 AMANQAKU iinkcukacha zixhasa ezingachanekanga ngokungaqondi ityeshelwe isihloko ezingephi -Kutyeshelwe izinto -Ifomathi ifanelekile ezininzi kwaye ichanekile ULWIMI ISIMBO 10–12 8–9 6–7 4–5 0–3 SOKUBHALA -Ithoni, irejista, -Ithoni, irejista, isimbo, -Ithoni, irejista, isimbo, -Ithoni, irejista, isimbo, -Ithoni, irejista, NOKUHLELA isimbo, isigama isigama sichaneke isigama sihambelana nesigama isimbo, nesigama zihambelana kakhulu kakhulu malunga nenjongo, abantu azingqamani ncam azingqamani Ithoni, irejista, nenjongo nabo nenjongo, abantu ekujoliswe kubo nenjongo kwakunye kwaphela nenjongo, isimbo, kujoliswe kubo kunye ekujoliswe kubo kunye kwakunye nemeko nabantu ekujoliswe imeko kwakunye injongo/ifuthe, abo nemeko nemeko -Izakhi zezivakalisi kubo kunye nemeko nabantu ekujoliswe kujoliswe kubo -Izakhi zezivakalisi -Izakhi zezivakalisi zibonakalisa iimposiso -Izakhi zezivakalisi kubo kunye nemeko zisetyenziswe zichanekile kwaye -Isigama siyanelisa zineemposiso ezininzi -Izele ziimpazamo Ukusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo umyalezo wakheke -Iimpazamo zobhalo eziphazamisa ixazalala kolwimi nemigaqo -Phantse kube kakuhle ezikhoyo umyalezo -Isigama Uchongo magama akukho nasinye -Isigama sichanekile aziyiphazamisi -Sinqongophele asifanelananga Iimpawu zokubhala isiphene -Ubukhulu becala intsingiselo nomyalezo isigama nenjongo kunye nopelo akukho zimpazamo -Kukho amagingxi- -Intsingiselo ilahleke gingxi kwintsingiselo kakhulu 12 AMANQAKU UMMANDLA 25–30 19–23 14–17 9–12 0–7 WAMANQAKU 91

ISIHLOMELO C: IRUBRIKI YOKUHLOLA IMIHLATHI EMIFUTSHANE – ULWIMI LOKUQALA OLONGEZELELWEYO [20 AMANQAKU] Ikhrayitheriya Balaseleyo Enobuchule Phakathi Buthathaka Bubhetyebhetye UMXHOLO 10–12 8–9 6–7 4–5 0–3 UKUCWANGCISA -Impendulo -Impendulo -Impendulo iyanelisa -Kubonakala -Impendulo NEFOMATHI igqwesile ibonisa ibonakalisa ibonakalisa ulwazi ubunzima malunga ibonakalisa ukuqiqisiswa ukuchaneka lweempawu zolu didi nolwazi lweempawu ukunqongophala Impendulo kwezimvo kanobom ulwazi lwetekisi zolu didi lwetekisi kolwazi lweempawu nezimvo -Izimvo olunzulu lweempawu -Izimvo azisoloko -Zimbalwa izimvo zolu didi lwetekisi Ukubekelelwa zihlakaniphile kwaye zolu didi lwetekisi zisemxholweni kwaye ezisemxholweni -Intsingiselo ilahleka kwezimvo zivuthiwe -Ingqalile ayiphumi kukho nokugqwidiza kodwa kuninzi rhoqo Iimpawu zetekisi/ -Luphangalele nasemxholweni -Ukunamathelana ukuphuma ecaleni -Intsingiselo iduka umgaqo kunye ulwazi lweempawu -Izimvo zixonxwe kumxholo nezimvo -Kunqabile kwisakhiwo nemeko zolu didi lwetekisi zadakancwa kwenzeka ukunamathelana esixazalala -Umsebenzi ngokunamatheleneyo ngokufanelekileyo komxholo nezimvo -Akukho 12 AMANQAKU ungqalile akukho kumxholo nezimvo -Ezinye iinkcukacha -Zimbalwa ukunamathelana kugqwidiza -Iinkcukacha zixhasa zixhasa isihloko iinkcukacha ezixhasa kumxholo nezimvo -Kubonakala isihloko -Ifomathi ingqalile isihloko -Zimbalwa kakhulu ukunamathelana -Ifomathi ingqalile kodwa zikho -Imigaqo yefomathi iinkcukacha kwizimvo nomxholo iindawana ezikhoyo iindawana ephambili ityeshelwe ezixhasa isihloko -Iingcamango ezingachanekanga ezingachanekanga okanye isetyenziswe -Imigaqo zidakancwe aziyiphazamisi ngokungaqondi eyimfuneko yobhalo ngobunono kwaye injongo yokubhala lwale tekisi zonke iinkcukacha ityeshelwe zixhasa isihloko -Ifomathi ifanelekile kwaye ichanekile ULWIMI, ISIMBO 7–8 5–6 4 3 0–2 NOKUHLELA -Ithoni, irejista, -Ithoni, irejista, -Ithoni, irejista, -Ithoni, irejista, -Ithoni, irejista, isimbo, isigama isimbo, nesigama isimbo, isigama isimbo, nesigama isimbo, nesigama Ithoni, irejista, zifanelene kakhulu sifanelene kakhulu sifanelene nenjongo, azifanelananga ncam azifanelananga isimbo, nesigama nenjongo, abo nenjongo, abantu abantu ekujoliswe nenjongo, abantu kwaphela nenjongo, singqamene kujoliswe kubo ekujoliswe kubo kubo kwakunye ekujoliswe kubo imeko kwakunye nenjongo kunye kunye nemeko kunye nemeko nemeko kunye nemeko nabantu ekujoliswe nemeko -Izakhi zezivakalisi -Izakhi zezivakalisi -Izakhi zezivakalisi -Izakhi zezivakalisi kubo Ukusetyenziswa zisetyenziswe zichanekile kwaye zibonakalisa zineemposiso ezininzi -Izele ziimpazamo kolwimi nemigaqo ngokuchanekileyo umyalezo wakheke iimposiso eziphazamisa ixazalala iyadida Ukhetho- magama -Phantse kube kakuhle -Isigama siyanelisa umyalezo -Isigama Iimpawu akukho nasinye -Isigama sichanekile -Iimpazamo zobhalo -Sinqongophele asihambelani zokubhala kunye isiphene -Ubukhulu becala ezikhoyo isigama nenjongo nopelo azikho iimpazamo aziyiphazamisi -Kukho amagingxi- -Intsingiselo intsingiselo gingxi kwintsingiselo ilahlekile kakhulu 8 AMANQAKU UMMANDLA 17–20 13–15 10–11 7–8 0–5 WAMANQAKU 92

IRUBRIKI YOKUHLOLA IMIHLATHI EMIDE NEMIFUTSHANE – ULWIMI LWESIBINI OLONGEZELELWEYO [20 AMANQAKU] Ikhrayitheriya Balaseleyo Enobuchule Phakathi Buthathaka Bubhetyebhetye UMXHOLO , 10–12 8–9 6–7 4–5 0–3 UCWANGCISO -Impendulo igqwesile -Impendulo -Impendulo iyanelisa -Kubonakala -Impendulo NEFOMATHI ibonisa ukuqiqisiswa ibonakalisa ibonakalisa ulwazi ubunzima malunga ibonakalisa kwezimvo ukuchaneka lweempawu zolu didi nolwazi lweempawu ukunqongophala Ukungqala -Izimvo zihlakaniphile kanobom ulwazi lwetekisi zolu didi lwetekisi kolwazi lweempawu kwempendulo kwaye zivuthiwe olunzulu lweempawu -Izimvo azisoloko -Zimbalwa izimvo zolu didi lwetekisi nezimvo -Luphangalele ulwazi zolu didi lwetekisi zisemxholweni ezisemxholweni -Intsingiselo ilahleka Ukuqoqwa lweempawu zolu didi -Ingqalile ayiphumi kwaye kukho kodwa kuninzi rhoqo kukho kwezimvo lwetekisi nasemxholweni nokugqwidiza ukuphuma ecaleni Intsingiselo iduke ngenjongo -Umsebenzi ungqalile -Izimvo zixonxwe -Ukunamathelana -Kunqabile kwisakhiwo yokucwangcisa akukho kugqwidiza zadakancwa kumxholo nezimvo. ukunamathelana esixazalala Injongo yokubhala, -Kubonakala ngokunamatheleneyo Kwenzeka komxholo nezimvo -Akukho abo kujoliswe kubo, ukunamathelana kumxholo nezimvo ngokufanelekileyo -Zimbalwa ukunamathelana iimpawu/imigaqo kwizimvo nomxholo -Iinkcukacha zixhasa -Ezinye iinkcukacha iinkcukacha ezixhasa kumxholo nezimvo yetekisi, kunye -Iingcamango isihloko zixhasa isihloko isihloko -Zimbalwa kakhulu nemeko zidakancwe -Ifomathi ingqalile -Ifomathi ingqalile -Imigaqo yefomathi iinkcukacha ezixhasa ngobunono kwaye iindawana ezikhoyo kodwa zikho ephambili ityeshelwe isihloko 12 AMANQAKU zonke iinkcukacha ezingachanekanga iindawana okanye isetyenziswe -Imigaqo eyimfuneko zixhasa isihloko aziyiphazamisi ezingachanekanga ngokungaqondi yobhalo lwale tekisi -Ifomathi ifanelekile injongo yokubhala ityeshelwe kwaye ichanekile ULWIMI ISIMBO 7–8 5–6 4 3 0–2 SOKUBHALA -Ithoni, irejista, isimbo, -Ithoni, irejista, -Ithoni, irejista, -Ithoni, irejista, -Ithoni, irejista, NOKUHLELA isigama zifanelene isimbo, nesigama isimbo, isigama isimbo, nesigama isimbo, nesigama Ithoni, irejista, kakhulu nenjongo, abo sifanelene kakhulu sifanelene nenjongo, azifanelananga azifanelananga kujoliswe kubo kunye nenjongo, abantu abantu ekujoliswe nenjongo, abantu nenjongo, imeko isimbo, injongo/ifuthe, abo nemeko ekujoliswe kubo kubo kwakunye ekujoliswe kubo kwakunye nabantu kujoliswe kubo -Izakhi zezivakalisi kunye nemeko nemeko kunye nemeko ekujoliswe kubo kunye nemeko zisetyenziswe -Izakhi zezivakalisi -Izakhi zezivakalisi -Izakhi zezivakalisi -Izele ziimpazamo Ukusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo zichanekile kwaye zibonakalisa zineemposiso ezininzi ixazalala iyadida -Phantse kube akukho umyalezo wakheke iimposiso eziphazamisa -Isigama kolwimi nemigaqo nasinye isiphene kakuhle -Isigama siyanelisa umyalezo asihambelani Uchongo magama -Isigama sichanekile -Iimpazamo zobhalo -Sinqongophele nenjongo Iimpawu zokubhala -Ubukhulu becala ezikhoyo isigama -Intsingiselo ilahlekile kunye nopelo azikho iimpazamo aziyiphazamisi -Kukho amagingxi- kakhulu 8 AMANQAKU intsingiselo gingxi kwintsingiselo UMMANDLA 17–20 13–15 10–11 7–8 0–5 WAMANQAKU 93

AMALUNGU ABEBHALA OLUXWEBHU Nompumelelo Thelma Mkhutshulwa, Department of Education, Eastern Cape Pindo Cynthia Somkebe, Department of Education; Eastern Cape Nontembiso Patricia Jaxa, Department of Education, Eastern Cape Ntombizodwa Ndzeku, Department of Education, Northern Cape Nomthandazo Katy Bilatyi, Department of Education, Eastern Cape 94

Acknowledgments The Department of Basic Education (DBE) gratefully acknowledges the following officials for giving up their valuable time and families, and for contributing their knowledge and expertise to develop this creative writing resource for the children of our country, under very stringent conditions of COVID-19. Writers: Nompumelelo Thelma Mkhutshulwa, Department of Education, Eastern Cape Pindo Cynthia Somkebe, Department of Education; Eastern Cape Nontembiso Patricia Jaxa, Department of Education, Eastern Cape Ntombizodwa Ndzeku, Department of Education, Northern Cape Nomthandazo Katy Bilatyi, Department of Education, Eastern Cape DBE Subject Specialist: Mfana E. Phonela The development of the Study Guide was managed and coordinated by Ms Cheryl Weston and Dr Sandy Malapile. 95

/, ISBN : 978-1-4315-3476-0 High Enrolment Self Study Guide Series basic education _ This publication is not for sale. Base Eaveston © Copyright Department of Basic Education REPUBLIC OF AFI wnanar adiiratinn nny 74/1 Call Cantroa NQNN 9NY QQQ