jit2GRADE11suppdocsolutionsPHOTOSYNTHESIS hlayiso.com .APRIL2020 hlayiso.com

PHOTOSYNTHESIS SUPPORT DOCUMENT PLUS SOLUTIONS TERM 2 GRADE 11 LIFE SCIENCES APRIL 2020

Content Page No. 1. Cover Page 1 2 Table of Content 2 3. Photosynthesis 3 A Topic Plan 3 B Terminology 4 C Teaching Tools 5 D Classwork/ Homework 7 4. Animal Nutrition 20 A Topic Plan 20 B Terminology 21 C Teaching Tools 22 D Classwork/ Homework 24 5. Cellular Respiration 32 A Topic Plan 32 B Terminology 33 C Teaching Tools 33 D Classwork/ Homework 37

A. TOPIC PLAN Lesson Aspect Classwork Homework 1 Introduction Activity 1.1 Activity 1.2 • Overview of plant organs Teaching Structure of a leaf and chloroplast* tool 1 2 Requirement and product Activity 2.1 Activity 2.2 Process: Teaching tool 3 • Light phase • Dark phase 3 Investigation if starch and light is produced for Activity 8.3 Activity 5.2 photosynthesis 4 Investigation if CO2, oxygen and Chlorophyll is Activity 5.1 Activity 7.1 necessary for photosynthesis Teaching tool 4 5 Factors affecting photosynthesis Activity 4.2 Activity 8.1 • Light • Carbon dioxide • Temperature Importance of photosynthesis 6 Greenhouse system & food production Activity 6 Activity 3 The role of ATP Activity 9 7 Topic test 8 Remedial Try to include as many of the following as possible as classwork/homework: Extracts Graph to interpret Graph to draw Diagrams to label Diagrams to draw Paragraph questions Tables Calculations Investigations Extracts

B. TERMINOLOGY The following terms should be covered in this topic: Photosynthesis ATP Variegated Starch Chloroplast Iodine solution Greenhouse Limiting factor Chlorophyll Autotrophs Destarch Photolysis Light phase Experiment Control Anabolic Dark phase Glucose Heterotrophs Enzymes Stroma Thylakoids Lamella Xylem Phloem Cuticle Spongy mesophyll Stomata Term Description Photosynthesis A process whereby green plants manufacture their own food using radiant energy Chloroplast Organelle in a plant cell where photosynthesis occur Chlorophyll Green pigment that trap light for photosynthesis Light phase Occurs in the grana of the chloroplast Dark phase Occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast ATP Energy carrier in the living things used for various activities Iodine solution Used to test for the presence of starch Autotrophs Organisms that use light energy to manufacture its own food Experiment A scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis or demonstrate a known fact. Glucose Sugar that is the product of photosynthesis Variegated Leaf that has more than one colour Greenhouse Special building that is used for growing plants in an area where they would not normally grow that well. Destarch Process of eliminating starch reserves in a plant for experiments concerning photosynthesis Control A variable that is not changed throughout an experiment Heterotrophs Organisms that are unable to manufacture their own food (consumers &decomposers) Starch A carbohydrate that store energy in plants Limiting factor Factor that limits the rate at which photosynthesis takes place

C. TEACHING TOOLS Teaching Tool 1 Teaching Tool 2

Teaching Tool 3 PHOTOSYNTHESIS Photosynthesis consists of two stages 5 Teaching Tool 4 Experiment Controf Vaseline Glass slab

Activity 1 1.1 1.1.1 1.1.2 1.2 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3

Activity 2 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.1.5 2.1.6 2.1.7 2.1.8 2.1.9 2.2

2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 Activity 3 3.1 Study the equation below showing the formation of the energy carrier molecule X 3.1.1 Give the full name of ADP (1) 3.1.2 Name molecule X (1) 3.1.3 Give one reason why molecule is biologically important. (1)

Activity 4 4.1 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4 4.1.5 4.1.6 4.1.7 .

4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5 The graph below shows the rate of photosynthesis under different environmental conditions. Study the graphs and answer the questions that follow. c COz 30°C 0,1% 2 Oo o FS B C02 =—20°C z 0,1% 2 2 hog A C02 20 °C (and 30 °C) ° 0,04% 3 a Light intensity (lux) Which of the graphs shows the highest production of glucose? Why is the production of glucose in graph A, low? What factor in graph B and C limits the rate of photosynthesis? Predict what the graphs would look like if the temperature were increased first to 40 °C and then to 60 °C. Give a reason for your answer in QUESTION 2.1.4. (1) (1) (1) (2) (1)

Activity 5 5.1 5.1 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3 5.1.4

5.2 When light shines on pondweed, Elodea sp, bubbles of gas are released. The rate at which bubbles of gas are produced can be used to measure the rate of photosynthesis. An investigation was carried out to study the effect of different colours of light on the rate of photosynthesis in the pondweed. The apparatus was set up as shown in the diagram below. e The pondweed was exposed to one colour of light and left for 5 minutes before measurements were taken. e The time taken for the release of 20 bubbles was recorded. e The procedure was repeated using light of different colours but of equal intensity. e The results are given in the table below. Bubbles = Water Pond weed + Colour of light Time (in seconds) for 20 bubbles to form Violet 80 Green 40 Blue 160 Red 140 Yellow 70 5.2.1 Which colour light is the best for photosynthesis? (1) 5.2.2 Name the: (a) Independent variable (1) (b) Dependent variable (1) (c) Two fixed variables (2) 5.2.3 Calculate the average time taken to release 20 bubbles for all the colours together. Show all your calculations. (2) 5.2.4 Draw a bar graph of the results shown in the table. (6)

5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4 An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of light intensity and the rate of photosynthesis. The apparatus was set up as shown in the diagram below. Study the diagram and answer the questions. o~ ° ° e Bubbles ofgas — 0 ‘a ° Water plus sodium L bicarbonate T- 2 amp waterplant —— State a reason: . . . ee Explain why there is nc (a) for choosing a water plant instead of a terrestrial plant in this . ~ particular experiment. (1) when the light source i (b) for the addition of sodium bicarbonate (baking powder) to the water. (1) How was the rate of photosynthesis measured using this experiment? (1) The data in the table below was recorded during the experiment: A B Cc Distance 100 W bulb Number of between the _| Light intensity = power/Area | bubbles given off water plant and Light intensity = W/m? in one minute. light source (metres) 1,0 796 8 0,5 31,85 28 0,25 127,39 105 0,125 510,20 105 With reference to the results given above, what deduction can be made with regard to the relationship between the intensity of light and rate of photosynthesis? (3)

Activity 6 6.1 Complete the missing words in the statements below: 6.1.1 As the light intensity increases, the rate of photosynthesis______________ (1) 6.1.2 Structures in which crops are grown in a protected and controlled environment are called_____________________ (1) 6.1.3 ATP stands for__________________________ (1) 6.1.4 __________________ energy is found between phosphates. (1) 6.1.5 Photosynthesis helps maintain a healthy level of carbon dioxide in the __________________ (1) Activity 7 7.1 7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 7.1.4 7.1.5

7.2 An experiment was set up to investigate whether oxygen is released during photosynthesis. The result of the experiment is represented in the After a short time, the The candle continues to candle went out burn for a longer period The following deductions were made before arriving at the final conclusion. (i) Photosynthesis reduces the amount of COz inside bell jar B (ii) | The oxygen in bell jar A was completely used up and the burning is not supported (iii) | The photosynthesis increases the amount of oxygen inside bell jar B (iv) The vapour produced inside bell jar A due to combustion extinguished the burning candle Which ONE of the following set of deductions is correct? A (i) and (iv) only (i), (ii) and (iti) only B C (i), fit) and (jv) only D (iti) and (iv) only

Activity 8 8.1 8.1.1 8.2 8.2.1 8.2.2 8.2.3 8.2.4

8.3 8.3.1 8.3.2 8.3.3 8.3.4 8.3.5 8.3.6

Activity 9 9.1.1. Which ONE of the following factors will cause optimal growth in greenhouses? Carbon dioxide enrichment Temperatures between 10 °C and 15 °C Dim lighting in the greenhouse Only irrigating once a week 0OMr

A. MARKING GUIDELINES PHOTOSYNTHESIS Activity 1 1.1 1.1.1 C (2) 1.1.2 B (2) 1.2 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3 Activity 2 2.1 2.1.1 Glucose (1) 2.1.2 Chloroplast (1) 2.1.3 Photolysis (1) 2.1.4 Stroma (1) 2.1.5 Starch (1) 2.1.6 Chlorophyll (1) 2.1.7 Radiant energy (1) 2.1.8 A only (2) 2.1.9 B only (2) 2.2 2.2.1 (a) C (1) (b) A (1) (c) B (1) 2.2.2 -B (1) 2.2.3 -A and C (2)

Activity 3 3.1 3.1.1 Adenosine diphosphate (1) 3.1.2 ATP or adenosine triphosphate (1) 3.1.3 It is the energy carrier in living systems/cells (1) Or it provides energy for all cellular activities (ANY ONE) (1) Activity 4 4.1 4.1 4.1.1 Sodium hydroxide/Soda lime/Potassium hydroxide (1) 4.1.2 Removes carbon hydroxide from the air in the jar (1) 4.1.3 The leaf turns blue-black (1) 4.1.4 -as the leaf was outside the jar, it was exposed to carbon dioxide (1) -and could undergo photosynthesis/produce starch (1) 4.1.5 Dark phase /light independent phase (1) 4.1.6 Stroma (1) 4.1.7 To ensure that the starch at end of the investigation was produced . during the experiment (2) 4.2 4.2.1 Graph C (1) 4.2.2 Due to carbon dioxide concentration (1) 4.2.3 Temperature (1) 4.2.4 The graph will show a steady increase in the rate up to 40OC and a further increase in temperature will let it fall dramatically (2) 4.2.5 -At higher temperatures the enzymes become completely denatured/functionless (1) -When the temperature is incfeased to 40OC the temperature is optinum for maximun photosynthesis (1)

Activity 5 5.1 5.1.1 Destarch the plant (1) 5.1.2 (a) Leaf A (1) (b)Leaf B (1) 5.1.3 Absorbs carbon dioxide (1) 5.1.4 Iodine solution (1) 5.2 5.2.1 Blue-black (1) 5.2.2 (a) colour of light (1) (b) rate of photosynthesis (1) 5.2.3 (c) the light intensity/the pondweed/the time exposed (1) 490/5 = 98s (1) 5.2.4

5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4 Activity 6 6.1 6.1.1 Increases (1) 6.1.2 Greenhouse (1) 6.1.3 Adenosine Triphosphate (1) 6.1.4 Chemical (1) 6.1.5 Atmosphere (1)

Activity 7 7.1 7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 7.1.4 7.1.5 7.2 B (2) Activity 8

8.1 8.1.1 D (2) 8.2 8.2.1 8.2.2 8.2.3 8.2.4 8.3

8.3.1 8.3.2 8.3.3 8.3.4 8.3.5 8.3.6 Activity 9 9.1 9.1.1 A (2)