Life Sciences Grade 11 P2 Eastern Cape November 2014 QP

Downloaded from hlayiso.com NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 11 NOVEMBER 2014 LIFE SCIENCES P2 MARKS: 150 TIME: 2½ hours *ILFSCE2* This question paper consists of 14 pages.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 2 LIFE SCIENCES P2 (NOVEMBER 2014) INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION Read the following instructions carefully before answering the questions. 1. Answer ALL the questions. 2. Write ALL the answers in your ANSWER BOOK. 3. Start EACH question on a NEW page. 4. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. 5. If answers are NOT presented according to the instructions of each question, then candidates will lose marks. 6. All drawings should be done in pencil and labelled in blue or black ink. 7. Draw diagrams and flow charts ONLY when requested to do so. 8. The diagrams in this question paper may NOT necessarily be drawn to scale. 9. The use of graph paper is NOT permitted. 10. You may use a non-programmable calculator, protractor, and compass. 11. Write neatly and legibly. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (NOVEMBER 2014) LIFE SCIENCES P2 3 SECTION A QUESTION 1 1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the correct answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question number (1.1.1–1.1.10) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.1.11 D. 1.1.1 Name the microorganism that is not classified in a kingdom. A Virus B Fungus C Bacterium D Protozoa 1.1.2 The short-lived immunity that mothers pass to their babies is called …immunity. A passive B maternal C innate D active 1.1.3 Using natural resources so that they are not depleted. A Conservation B Sustainable use C Poaching D Deforestation 1.1.4 Which of the following is present in the Bryophytes? A Seeds B Xylem C Spores D Flowers 1.1.5 Which of the following is NOT a feature of wind-pollinated flowers? A Petals are large and brightly coloured. B Large anthers with long filaments. C Small, light and smooth pollen. D Stigmas are large and feathery. 1.1.6 The carpel (pistil) of a flower consists of the … A anther, style and ovary. B stigma, filament and ovary. C anther, filament and ovary. D stigma, style and ovary. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 4 LIFE SCIENCES P2 (NOVEMBER 2014) 1.1.7 Fertilisation in Angiosperms occurs when … A the pollen tube grows down the style. B pollen moves from the anther to the stigma. C a sperm unites with an egg cell. D the ovary enlarges into a fruit. 1.1.8 Vertebrates exhibit the following features except … A an endoskeleton of cartilage and/or bone. B a brain enclosed in a protective case called the cranium. C two pairs of appendages attached to girdles. D a notochord in the adult form. 1.1.9 Which two of these gases is the main cause of global warming? A CFCs and carbon dioxide B Carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide C Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide D Carbon dioxide and methane 1.1.10 Which of the following is not a toxic heavy metal? A Lead B Methane C Cadmium D Mercury (10 x 2) (20) 1.2 Give the correct biological term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the term next to the question number (1.2.1–1.2.10) in the ANSWER BOOK. 1.2.1 An organism without a true nucleus 1.2.2 The type of alimentary canal which stretches from the mouth to the anus 1.2.3 A group of plants that have seeds enclosed in an ovary 1.2.4 Substances used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against one or several diseases 1.2.5 A process in biotechnology that is used to convert sugar into alcohol and CO2 1.2.6 The increase in the concentration of nutrients in an aquatic ecosystem, which leads to an increase in primary producers such as algae 1.2.7 A fluid-filled cavity lined with mesoderm Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (NOVEMBER 2014) LIFE SCIENCES P2 5 1.2.8 The group of organisms such as bacteria and fungi that recycle nutrients in dead plants and animals 1.2.9 Cultivation of plant populations of a single species 1.2.10 The control of alien invaders by using their natural enemies from their native country (10) 1.3 Indicate whether each of the statements in COLUMN Ι, applies to A only, B only, both A and B, or none of the items in COLUMN ΙΙ. Write A only, B only, both A and B, or none next to the question number (1.3.1–1.3.10) in the ANSWER BOOK. COLUMN Ι COLUMN ΙΙ 1.3.1 Requires water to undergo sexual A Angiosperms reproduction B Pteridophytes 1.3.2 Formation of seeds A Angiosperms B Gymnosperms 1.3.3 White blood cells that produce A Phagocytes antibodies in response to pathogens B Lymphocytes 1.3.4 Cephalisation is found in … A Platyhelminthes B Chordata 1.3.5 The process of inserting foreign A Genetic engineering genes into an organism B Genetic modification 1.3.6 The part that is formed from a A Seed fertilised ovule B Fruit 1.3.7 Yeast is a unicellular fungus used in A Cheese traditional technology to make … B Yogurt 1.3.8 A natural resource that cannot be A. Non-renewable replaced by natural means B Conserved 1.3.9 When biological productivity is A Desertification reduced and conditions become B Deforestation desert-like 1.3.10 The plant(s) where the gametophyte A Fern is dominant B Gymnosperm (10 x 2) (20) TOTAL SECTION A: 50 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 6 LIFE SCIENCES P2 (NOVEMBER 2014) SECTION B QUESTION 2 2.1 The table below shows the number of cases of tuberculosis (TB) and the number of deaths from TB around the world in 2009. Study the table and answer the questions that follow. Region Number of cases Number of deaths Africa 3 900 430 America 350 20 Europe 560 62 South-East Asia 4 900 480 Western Pacific 2 900 240 Eastern Mediterranean 1 000 99 Global Total 14 000 1 300 2.1.1 Draw a bar graph using the data for each region in the table to show the number of deaths from TB in 2009. (6) 2.1.2 Calculate the percentage of cases in the Eastern Mediterranean. (2) 2.1.3 Why do you think that Europe and America have such a small number of cases of TB compared to the other countries in the table? Give ONE reason. (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (NOVEMBER 2014) LIFE SCIENCES P2 7 2.2 A type of bacterium called Escherichia coli (E.coli) normally lives in the large intestine of humans. To determine whether E.coli is present in water, a chemical indicator is used. If the chemical indicator changes from a clear red colour to a cloudy yellow colour, this indicates that E.coli is present. In an investigation conducted by a group of grade 11 learners, samples taken from three rivers (X, Y, and Z) were investigated for the presence of E.coli. Samples were taken from each river and put into glass bottles, which contained the clear red indicator solution. The bottles were then incubated at 37 °C for two days. Only river Y showed presence of E.coli. 2.2.1 Explain TWO safety precautions that the learners should take when conducting this investigation. (2 x 2) (4) 2.2.2 Suggest ONE reason for incubating the sample at 37 °C. (2) 2.2.3 Explain how E. coli could have got into river Y. (2) 2.3 Study the diagram, which shows alternation of generations and answer the questions that follow. 2.3.1 Complete the missing terms on the diagram. (4) 2.3.2 Which process in plant cells will: (a) increase and (1) (b) decrease the chromosome number? (1) 2.3.3 Name the structure represented by number 1 in: (a) mosses and (1) (b) ferns respectively. (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 8 LIFE SCIENCES P2 (NOVEMBER 2014) 2.4 Answer the following questions on Annelida. 2.4.1 Between which two phyla on the evolutionary line would you find the Annelida? (2) 2.4.2 What is the significance of the coelom? (1) 2.4.3 What type of symmetry is found in Annelids? (1) 2.5 Study the diagram of a flower of an Angiosperm and answer the questions that follow. 2.5.1 Write down the number of the part where the female gametes would be produced. (1) 2.5.2 Which number represents the whorl that is important for insect pollination? (1) 2.5.3 On this flower, both male and female organs mature at the same time. Mention ONE obvious feature that can prevent self- pollination. (1) 2.5.4 State ONE way in which the Angiosperm is better adapted to a terrestrial life than the Bryophytes. (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (NOVEMBER 2014) LIFE SCIENCES P2 9 2.6 Study the following diagram and answer the questions that follow. [Source: Adapted from Volksblad, 27 November 2010] 2.6.1 Formulate a hypothesis that will be accepted for the above data. (3) 2.6.2 List the dependant variable. (1) 2.6.3 List the independent variable. (1) [40] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10 LIFE SCIENCES P2 (NOVEMBER 2014) QUESTION 3 3.1 The diagrams below show the body plans of three types of animals. Study the diagrams and answer the questions that follow. 3.1.1 Write only the letter(s) of the diagram(s) that represents the following: (a) Pseudo-coelomate (b) Acoelomate (c) Triploblastic (d) Chordate (5) 3.1.2 Mention ONE advantage and ONE disadvantage of an exoskeleton in arthropods. (2) 3.1.3 Describe ONE advantage of a through gut in the Annelida. (2) 3.1.4 From which embryonic layer does the tissue-filled layer develop? (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (NOVEMBER 2014) LIFE SCIENCES P2 11 3.2 Some areas in South Africa receive dangerously high levels of UV-B radiation, for example in De Aar, in the Northern Cape, as shown in the diagram below. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow. 3.2.1 In which year were, complete records kept? How do you know this? (2) 3.2.2 During which FOUR months of the year 1997 were the UV-B radiation the most dangerous? (1) 3.2.3 Name TWO harmful ozone-depleting substances. (2) 3.2.4 List and briefly explain TWO effects of ozone depletion on the ecosystem. (4) 3.2.5 Does ozone depletion contribute to desertification? Explain. (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 12 LIFE SCIENCES P2 (NOVEMBER 2014) 3.3 In Africa where the population is increasing, production per capita (average production per person) is low, compared to continents such as Asia and Latin America. This is because of limited use of agricultural technologies, which could increase production. Production is also affected by possible disasters. Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow. 3.3.1 What was the yield of cereal in 1982 and in 2000? (2) 3.3.2 Explain what happened to the yields between 1982 and 1986. (2) 3.3.3 Describe in detail, the trend shown in all the data on the graph. (2) 3.3.4 Based on your answer to QUESTION 3.3.3, comment on future food security in Africa. (3) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (NOVEMBER 2014) LIFE SCIENCES P2 13 3.4 The environmental impact of the amount of carbon dioxide emitted during the life span of the use of a product, or a service by a person from a developed country, is shown in the pie chart below. Study the chart and answer the questions that follow. Carbon footprint of a person from the developed world Share of public services 13% Home - gas, oil and coal Finacial services 16% 3% Recreation and Home - electricity leisure 13% 15% House buildings and furnishings Private transport 10% 11% Clothes and Public transport personal effects 3% Holiday flights 4% 7% Food and drink 5% 3.4.1 Distinguish between primary and secondary carbon footprint. (2) 3.4.2 Which TWO activities contribute the most to the carbon footprint? (2) 3.4.3 Name TWO activities that contribute the least to our carbon footprint. (2) 3.4.4 The use of gas, oil, coal, and electricity make up 29% of a person’s carbon footprint. Suggest FOUR ways in which you could reduce your carbon footprint. (4) [40] TOTAL SECTION B: 80 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 14 LIFE SCIENCES P2 (NOVEMBER 2014) SECTION C QUESTION 4 4.1 “Solid waste has become a great cause for concern in South Africa. Each person in South Africa generates between 0,5 kg to 2 kg of waste every day. This equates to about 15 million tons of domestic waste each year.” If you were appointed as the head of the waste disposal division of your town/city, explain FOUR strategies you would use to manage the waste. Content (17) Synthesis (3) NOTE: NO marks will be awarded for answers in the form of flow charts or diagrams. TOTAL SECTION C: 20 GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved Please turn over

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