Agricultural Sciences Grade 12 Paper 1 North West Mock 2019 Memo

Downloaded from hlayiso.com NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES P1 SEPTEMBER 2019 MARKING GUIDELINES MARKS: 150 These marking guidelines consist of 10 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Sciences/P1 2 NW/September 2019 NSC – Marking Guidelines SECTION A QUESTION 1 1.1 1.1.1 C üü 1.1.2 D üü 1.1.3 C üü 1.1.4 A üü 1.1.5 B üü 1.1.6 B üü 1.1.7 B üü 1.1.8 A üü 1.1.9 C üü 1.1.10 D üü (10 x 2) (20) 1.2 1.2.1 B only üü 1.2.2 A only üü 1.2.3 None üü 1.2.4 B only üü 1.2.5 Both A and B üü (5 x 2) (10) 1.3 1.3.1 Fodder flow üü 1.3.2 Intensive üü 1.3.3 Sertoli cells üü 1.3.4 Fallopian tube/Oviducts/Ampula/isthmus üü 1.3.5 Placenta üü (5 x 2) (10) 1.4 1.4.1 Chyme ü 1.4.2 Panoramic ü 1.4.3 Teat opening/canal ü 1.4.4 Spermatogenesis ü 1.4.5 Infundibulum ü (5 x 1) (5) TOTAL SECTION A: 45 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Sciences/P1 3 NW/September 2019 NSC – Marking Guidelines SECTION B QUESTION 2: ANIMAL NUTRITION 2.1 The alimentary canal of a fowl 2.1.1 Identification of the part A - Ventriculus/gizzard ü (1) B - Duodenum/small intestine ü (1) 2.1.2 The structure that best fits the description (a) Cloaca/vent ü (1) (b) Proventriculus ü (1) 2.2 Energy needed for body functions 2.2.1 TDN in full Total Digestible Nutrients ü (1) 2.2.2 Definition of the term Digestible Energy (DE) · the energy lost ü · in the faeces ü (2) 2.2.3 Reason for the increased ME · As farm animals grow/develop and their body mass increase, ü · more energy is required ü (2) 2.3 The nutrition of weaner pigs 2.3.1 The type of digestion where lactase and amylase are involved Chemical digestion ü (1) 2.3.2 Explanation of the higher levels of lactase during the 2nd and 3rd weeks · Before weaning, the piglets are dependent on milk ü · that requires the enzyme lactase to digest the lactose in milk ü (2) 2.3.3 TWO reasons for protein to young weaner pigs · After weaning, piglets do not suckle milk any more ü · So they need protein for growth/development ü · For boosting of the immune system ü · For development of the reproductive organs ü (Any 2) (2) 2.4 Fodder flow planning for 50 beef cattle 2.4.1 Calculation of the total feed shortage for the period without supplementation · Supplied by the veld: 160+160+140+120+80+60 = 720 tons ü · Required by the animals: 140 x 6 = 840 tons ü · Shortage/deficit = 120 tons ü OR · 20+20+0+(-20)+(-60)+(-80) tons = (40 – 160) tons ü · Shortage/deficit = 120 tons ü (3) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Sciences/P1 4 NW/September 2019 NSC – Marking Guidelines 2.4.2 Indicating (a) The month with the highest feed shortage June ü (1) (b) TWO sustainable measures a farmer could take to solve the problem of feed shortage · Harvest/store excess natural veld during the production season/making hay ü · Reduce numbers of cattle ü · Produce other crops/feeds/silage/planted pastures ü (Any 2) (2) 2.4.3 Bar graph of the quantity of feed available and required for the various months of the year Quantity (tons) Jan Feb March April May June CRITERIA/RUBRIC/MARKING GUIDELINES · Correct heading ü · X-axis: Correctly calibrated and labelled (Months) ü · Y-axis: Correctly calibrated and labelled (Quantity) ü · Correct unit (tons) ü · Combined bar graph ü · Accuracy ü (6) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Sciences/P1 5 NW/September 2019 NSC – Marking Guidelines 2.5 Feeds a dairy farmer can use to compile a ration 2.5.1 Pearson square method Maize meal: 9% Maize meal: 27 parts ü 17 ü Oil cake meal: 44% Oil cake meal: 8 parts ü (3) 2.5.2 The percentage of maize meal in the ration · 27 + 8 = 35 parts · 27 ÷ 35 x 100 ü · = 77,14/77% ü (2) 2.6 Identification of the most suitable feeds 2.6.1 Lucern ü (1) 2.6.2 Maize ü (1) 2.6.3 Maize ü (1) 2.6.4 Barley ü (1) [35] QUESTION 3: ANIMAL PRODUCTION, PROTECTION AND CONTROL 3.1 Ticks and their negative effects 3.1.1 TWO other negative effects of ticks to the enterprise · Damage the skin/hides ü · Time and labour intensive ü · High cost of treatment/chemicals ü · Damage to the teats/ears/udder ü · They cause secondary infections to increase ü (Any 2) (2) 3.1.2 Ticks responsible for the diseases in cattle (a) Redwater - One host tick/blue tick ü (1) (b) Heartwater - Three host tick/bont tick ü (1) 3.1.3 Fly species on open wounds and tick bites in wool sheep Blowfly ü (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Sciences/P1 6 NW/September 2019 NSC – Marking Guidelines 3.2 Two animal production systems 3.2.1 Identification of illustration B Intensive production system ü (1) 3.2.2 Differences in production outputs of illustration A and B. A - Low ü B - High ü (2) 3.2.3 Examples of each production system A - Extensive/cattle on the veld ü B - Feedlot ü (2) 3.3 Animal handling during production, before slaughtering, loading and transportation 3.3.1 TWO damages to the carcass due to improper handling · Bruising ü · Haemorrhages ü · Skin blemishes ü · Blood splashes ü · Broken bones ü · Contamination ü (Any 2) (2) 3.3.2 TWO requirements for the loading ramps of vehicles · Incline not too steep ü · Not slippery/grid ü · Strong/save with high sides ü · Wide enough for only one animal at a time ü · Clean/hygienic ü (Any 2) (2) 3.3.3 TWO factors farmers should bear in mind when handling cattle · Cattle are herd animals and should be handled as a group ü · A hierarchy develops where cattle feel comfortable/save ü · Cattle have a poor perception of depth ü · They have a flight zone which is smaller with calm/ docile animals (and vice versa) ü (Any 2) (2) 3.4 Yearly mortalities of livestock in South Africa 3.4.1 TWO symptoms of ill health in farm animals · Lack or loss of appetite ü · Rough dull coat and hair loss ü · Isolation from the herd or flock ü · Lethargy ü · Head, ears and tail are hanging ü · Discharge from nose, eyes and/or reproductive tract ü · Eyes dull and glassy ü · Teeth grinding ü · Fever ü · Laboured breathing/sneezing/coughing ü · Dirty hocks/tail area ü · Discoloured urine ü (Any 2) (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Sciences/P1 7 NW/September 2019 NSC – Marking Guidelines 3.4.2 TWO precautionary measures that the farmer can take · Medicine to be safe/appropriate for the type of animal/disease ü · Check the expiry date ü · Medicine should be stored properly/according to instructions ü · Provide the correct dosage according to weight/age ü · Administer at the correct time/according to the instructions ü · Use the correct method/according to the instructions ü · Do not use the products within the withdrawal period ü · Use a new/sterilised needle/syringe for each animal ü (Any 2) (2) 3.4.3 Explanation why 6% of adult cattle die compared to 22% of young animals · Diseases are not easily detected and treated in young animals ü · An effective disease control program can be administrated more effectively in older animals ü · Animals are inoculated as a precautionary measure, but sometimes not early enough ü · Diseases are not detected in younger animals ü · Irregular disease control with younger animals ü · Bad health management/observation in younger animals ü · Malnutrition, while young animals do not have the strength to survive ü (Any 2) (2) 3.5 Farm animals and the way they loses heat 3.5.1 Identification of the heat energy loss in farm animals B - Conduction ü C - Excretion/defecation/faeces ü (2) 3.5.2 TWO signs of heat stress in farm animals · Excessive salivation/drooling ü · Drop/decrease in production ü · Excessive panting/high respiratory rate/sweating ü · Open mouth breathing with tongue hanging out ü · Loss of appetite ü · Cattle move away from each another ü · Sheep bunch together ü · Restlessness ü (Any 2) (2) 3.5.3 TWO management practices to reduce heats stress in A · Provision of shelter/shade/trees for shade ü · Breeding of heat adapted animals ü · Work calmly/peacefully with animals ü · Access to enough clean drinking water ü (Any 2) (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Sciences/P1 8 NW/September 2019 NSC – Marking Guidelines 3.6 Diseases in farm animals 3.6.1 The missing information for the letters A - Virus ü B - Bloody discharge from the nose, mouth and rectum ü C - Protozoa ü D - Ringworm ü E - Poultry ü (5) 3.6.2 The role of the state to ensure animal health · Legislation with regard to animal health ü · Quarantine services ü · Control measures ü · Animal health schemes ü · Import and export bans ü · Vaccines ü · Transport permits ü · Veterinary services ü · Research ü (Any 2) (2) [35] QUESTION 4: ANIMAL REPRODUCTION 4.1 The reproductive system of a bull 4.1.1 Identification of part I Vas deferens ü (1) 4.1.2 One term for parts A, B and J Secondary male reproductive organs ü (1) 4.1.3 Letter of the part producing a buffer that protects sperm cells again acid in the reproductive system of the female Gü (1) 4.1.4 The condition that occurs (a) Cryptorchidism ü (1) (b) Hermaphroditism ü (1) 4.1.5 Function of structure E Temperature regulation of the testes ü (1) 4.2 The male and female reproductive systems 4.2.1 Distinction between the concepts Sterility - Bulls are totally/permanently infertile/ produces no viable sperm ü (1) Infertility - Bulls are temporary infertile due to diseases/medication/ physical conditions/situations ü (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Sciences/P1 9 NW/September 2019 NSC – Marking Guidelines 4.2.2 The effect of nutrition on the reproductive potential of cows · Malnutrition/over/under feeding have a ü · Negative impact on the reproductive performance ü OR · Good feeding has a ü · Positive impact on the reproduction performance of animals ü (2) 4.2.3 The part in cows where hypoplasia usually occurs Ovaries/fallopian tubes ü (1) 4.3 Levels of the hormones oestrogen and progesterone 4.3.1 Identification of the day when the oestrogen level is the highest Day 14 ü (1) 4.3.2 Prove that fertilisation occurred on day 26 · Progesterone levels are high/stable/continuous ü · Oestrogen levels are low/dropping ü (2) 4.3.3 Day when oestrogen levels will peak again Day 35 ü (1) 4.3.4 Reason for the answer If the cow is not pregnant she will be in oestrus 21 days later/ 14+21 = 35 ü (1) 4.3.5 The hormone responsible for the membrane to rapture Luteinising hormone (LH) ü (1) 4.4 Apparatus used during AI 4.4.1 Identification of A - Pistolette ü B - AI canister/tank ü (2) 4.4.2 Describe the concept artificial insemination (AI) · Process where semen is artificially collected from bulls and ü · artificially deposited into the reproduction canal of cows ü (2) 4.4.3 The temperature of apparatus B – 196 oC ü (1) 4.4.4 Explanation of the best time to inseminate · When oestrus is observed in the morning, AI in the afternoon ü · When oestrus is observed in the afternoon, AI the next morning ü (2) 4.5 Herd management for cows to calve once a year 4.5.1 The length of gestation period (in days) 280 - 285 ü (1) 4.5.2 Expected calving if the cow was serviced in March 2019 December 2019 ü (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Sciences/P1 10 NW/September 2019 NSC – Marking Guidelines 4.5.3 The condition where heifers struggle to calf Dystocia/complicated calving ü (1) 4.5.4 Description of the term colostrum · A yellowish/salty/creamy liquid ü · produced by female animals directly after parturition to supply ü · antibodies/nutrition/growth factors to the calve ü (Any 2) (2) 4.6 Technique to improve the reproduction in the enterprise 4.6.1 The technique best suited for the following (a) Synchronisation ü (1) (b) Embryo-transfer ü (1) (c) Cloning ü (1) 4.6.2 The purpose of synchronisation To bring a group of female animals on heat/in oestrus at approximately the same time with the help of hormones ü (1) 4.6.3 TWO disadvantages of the techniques above · Technique is expensive/time consuming/require good timing ü · Require good nutrition-/health conditions/management ü · Require high levels of knowledge/technology/no guarantees ü · Ethical issues ü (Any 2) (2) [35] TOTAL SECTION B: 105 GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved Please turn over

1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 Question Number. 4 8 A Sub-total A 34 10 12 Knowledge (A) Bloom`s 1 2 8 Copyright reserved 11 B Comprehension (B) / Application (B) Taxonomy C Analysis (C) / Synthesis (C) / Evaluation (C) Agricultural Sciences/P1 15 1 2 4 8 AN Animal nutrition Animal production 15 1 2 4 8 protection and AP/P/C GRADE 12 control Knowledge 15 3 6 2 4 Animal reproduction AR ü ü ü ü ü Management and car e of MEASURING/ANALYSIS GRID: 1 the en vironment 11 Problem solving WEIGHTING OF QUESTIONS IN TERMS OF COGNITIVE LEVELS, KNOWLEDGE AREAS, AIMS & ü ü ü ü 2 mech ani sms Question 1 SECTION A Soci al and eco nom ic ü ü ü development 3 (ONLY TICK) Aims & Objectives NSC – Marking Guidelines i nfor med and ü ü ü ü ü r esp on sible ci ti zens 4 ü ü Agr icultural i ndi genous 5 knowled ge 45 5 10 10 20 TOT Number of marks allocated to question Total ü ü ü ü I Interpretation of Graphs P Plotting of data/Drawing of graphs Downloaded from hlayiso.com D Making drawings/diagrams/schematic representations Skills / Types of ü ü ü ü ü L Identifying labels/Labelling Questions ü ü ü ü ü E Extraction and/or manipulation and/or evaluation of data (Use a Tick) ü ü ü ü ü O Organizing/Recording and re oorganizing data OBJECTIVES AND SKILLS: S Planning and designing experiments NW/September 2019 Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Sciences/P1 12 NW/September 2019 NSC – Marking Guidelines SECTION B Question 2 AP/P/C TOT AN AR/ 1 2 3 4 5 A B C I P D L E O S 2.1 4 4 ü ü ü 4 ü ü ü 2.2 3 2 5 ü ü 5 ü ü ü 2.3 3 2 5 ü ü ü ü 5 ü 2.4 12 12 ü ü ü ü ü 12 ü 2.5 5 5 ü ü ü ü 5 ü ü ü 2.6 4 4 ü ü ü ü 4 ü Sub-total 3 13 19 35 ü ü ü ü ü 35 ü ü ü Question 3 AN APPC AR TOT 1 2 3 4 5 A B C I P D L E O S 3.1 5 5 ü ü ü 5 ü ü ü 3.2 1 2 2 5 ü ü ü ü 5 ü ü ü ü 3.3 6 6 ü ü ü ü 6 ü ü ü ü 3.4 2 2 2 6 ü ü 6 ü ü ü 3.5 4 2 6 ü ü ü ü 6 ü ü ü 3.6 2 5 7 ü ü ü ü 7 ü ü ü ü Sub-total 7 19 9 35 ü ü ü ü 35 ü ü ü ü Question 4 AP/PC TOT AN AR 1 2 3 4 5 A B C I P D L E O S 4.1 2 4 6 ü ü ü 6 ü ü ü 4.2 2 3 5 ü ü ü ü ü 5 ü ü ü ü ü ü 4.3 1 3 2 6 ü ü ü ü ü 6 ü ü ü 4.4 5 2 7 ü ü ü 7 ü ü ü ü 4.5 4 1 5 ü ü ü ü ü 5 ü ü ü 4.6 2 4 6 ü ü ü 6 ü ü ü ü Sub-total 16 17 2 35 ü ü ü ü ü 35 ü ü ü ü ü ü Sub-total B 26 49 30 35 35 35 105 Sub-total A 34 11 15 15 15 45 Total 60 60 30 50 50 50 150 Norm 60 60 30 50 50 50 ü ü ü ü ü 150 ü ü ü ü ü ü ü Copyright reserved