AGRIC SCIENCES P1 GR12 SEPT 2024 Sesotho hlayiso.com

Downloaded from hlayiso.com NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE KEREITI YA 12 LOETSE 2024 DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 MATSHWAO: 150 NAKO: Dihora tse 2½ Pampiri ena ya dipotso e na le maqephe a 18. Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 2 DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 (EC/LOETSE 2024) DITAELO LE TLHAHISOLESEDING 1. Pampiri ena e na le dikarolo tse PEDI, e leng KAROLO YA A le KAROLO YA B. 2. Araba di dipotso KAOFELA BUKENG YA DIKARABO. 3. Qala potso E NNGWE LE E NNGWE leqepheng le LETJHA. 4. Nomora dikarabo ka tsela e nepahetseng ho ya ka mokgwa o sebedisitsweng pampiring ena ya dipotso. 5. O ka sebedisa khalekhuleitha e sa porokeramuweng. 6. Bontsha dikhalekhuleishene tsa hao KAOFELA, le difomula moo ho hlokehang. 7. Ngola ka mongolo o makgethe mme o balehang. Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/LOETSE 2024) DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 3 KAROLO YA A POTSO YA 1 1.1 Ho fanwe ka dikgetho tse fapaneng e le dikarabo tse ka nepahalang dipotsong tse latelang. Kgetha karabo e nepahetseng mme o ngole tlhaku feela (A–D) pela dinomoro tsa potso (1.1.1 ho ya ho 1.1.10) BUKENG YA DIKARABO, mohlala 1.1.11 D. 1.1.1 Seteraketjha se maboteng a dismall intestine se nyollang absorption surface. A Papillae B Caruncles C Villi D Lieberkühn gland 1.1.2 … ya mpa ya kgomo ka nako tseding e rifereshwa ho mpa ya ‘hardware stomach’ hobane ke moo diforeign obojekthe tse jwalo ka terete ditshwarehang teng. A Abomasum B Omasum C Rumen D Reticulam 1.1.3 Maemo a loketseng microbial activity. (i) Maemo a Anaerobic (ii) Ho ntshwa hwa di waste products (iii) Dithemepretjhara tse tlase (iv) Slightly acidic medium Kgetha khombineishene e NEPAHETSENG: A (i), (ii) le (iii) B (i), (iii) le (iv) C (i), (ii) le (iv) D (ii), (iii) le (iv) 1.1.4 Tse latelang ke diprodakthe tsa digestion ya cellulose, kantle ho … A oxygen. B vitamin B complex C methane D volatile fatty acids. Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 4 DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 (EC/LOETSE 2024) 1.1.5 Difeketha tse nyollang porodakeshene ya di phoofolo tlasa intensive farming. (i) Cultivar (ii) Nutrition (iii) Reproduction (iv) Management Kgetha khombineishene e NEPAHETSENG: A (i), (ii) le (iii) B (i), (iii) le (iv) C (i), (ii) le (iv) D (ii), (iii) le (iv) 1.1.6 Fasilithi e sebediswang ho laola mekgasi ho elastreishene e ka tlase e bitswa … A spray dip. B plunge dip. C pour-on dip. D foot dip. 1.1.7 Letshwa le bontshang hore pooho HA E in distress. A Pawing B Snorting C Rapid tail movements D Grazing with other cattle 1.1.8 Flight zone ya kgomo ke speisi se ... A e potapotileng. B ka pela hlooho. C haufi le mohatla. D dipakeng tsa manaka. Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/LOETSE 2024) DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 5 1.1.9 Dikgomo tse hangwang di tshanela ho fetjwa … ration. A maintenance B production C maintenance and production D maintenance and nutritive 1.1.10 Tatellano e nepahetseng ya ho aha spermatozoa: A Spermatogonium → primary spermatocyte → secondary spermatocyte → spermatids B Spermatogonium → primary spermatocyte → spermatids → secondary spermatocyte C Spermatogonium → secondary spermatocyte → spermatids → primary spermatocyte D Primary spermatocyte → secondary spermatocyte → spermatogonium → spermatids (10 x 2) (20) Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 6 DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 (EC/LOETSE 2024) 1.2 Bontsha hore ekaba ditlhaloso tse ho KHOLOMO YA B di tsamaellana le A FEELA, B FEELA, A LE B KA BOBEDI kapa HA E YO ho dintlha tse ho KHOLOMO YA A. Ngola A feela, B feela, A le B ka bobedi kapo HA E YO pela dinomoro tsa potso (1.2.1 ho ya ho 1.2.5) BUKENG YA DIKARABO, mohlala 1.2.6 B feela. KHOLAMO YA A KHOLAMO YA B 1.2.1 A: Protozoa le bacteria Di micro-oraginsm tse bohlokoa ka B: Fungi le virus hara rumen ya dikgomo 1.2.2 A: 1 : 7,25 Nutritive ratio ya fidi e nang le total B: 1 : 6,25 digestible nutrients (TDN) ya 75% le DP ya 12% 1.2.3 A: Wood shavings Matheriele e sebediswang ho al ka B: Grass straw matlung a dikgoho 1.2.4 A: Intramuscular Injekeshene e hlajwang hantle B: Intravenous mothapong 1.2.5 A: Viable Characteristic ya semene e B: pH e tshwanel ho ba nepahetseng 5,4–5,9 (5 x 2) (10) 1.3 Fana ka lentswe le le LENG bakeng sa tlhaloso ka nngwe ho tse latelang. Ngola lentswe feela pela dinomoro tsa potso (1.3.1 ho ya ho 1.3.5) BUKENG YA DIKARABO. 1.3.1 Prophathi ya di vithamene e sebediswang ho di classify ho ya ka di hlopha tse pedi tsa mantlha 1.3.2 Mafu a non-contagious a bakwang ke di nutritional deficiencies 1.3.3 Lero le tshireletsang embryo kgahlano le ho otlana 1.3.4 Protrusion ya vagin ho vulva 1.3.5 Lebese le tswang matstsing a mararo a pele ka mora ho tswala (5 x 2) (10) Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/LOETSE 2024) DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 7 1.4 Fetola MANTSWE a SEHELLETSWENG MELA polelong ka NNGWE ho tse latelang hore di nepahale. Ngola karabo e nepahetseng feela pela dinomoro tsa potso (1.4.1 ho ya ho 1.4.5) BUKENG YA DIKARABO. 1.4.1 Nutritive ratio ke tekanyetso ya boleng ba poroteini ka hara fidi. 1.4.2 Menwang e hlasela maqeba abulehileng le di insect bites ho sebakeng se itseng mohatleng wa nku. 1.4.3 Hypoplasia e hlalosa boemo ha ditesticle di sa theohele sekrothamong. 1.4.4 Monozygotic twins di hlahiswa ho tloha ho di ova tse pedi tse sa tshwaneng tse ntshuweng ka nako ya ovulation tsa ba fertilised ke di spermatozoa tse pedi tse sa tshwaneneng. 1.4.5 Dry period ke nako ya tlhahiso ya lebese e qalang ka mora ho tswala e nkang matsatsi a 305 dikgomong. (5 x 1) (5) MATHSWAO KAOFELA A KAROLO YA A: 45 Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 8 DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 (EC/LOETSE 2024) KAROLO YA B POTSO YA 2: PHEPO YA DIPHOFOLO. Qala potso ena leqepheng le LETJHA. 2.1 Ithute tayakeramo e ka tlase mme o arabe dipotso tse latelang. 2.1.1 Hlophisa phoofolo ya polasi e tayakeramong e ka hodimo o itshetlehile ho alimentary canal ya yona. (1) 2.1.2 Qolla TLHAKU ya karolo ho tayakeramo e ka hodimo moo ho etsahalang tse latelang: (a) E fupere substance e thusetsang ho abosoposhene ya di fatty acids le glycerol (1) (b) khomone opening ya digestive le diexcretory system (1) (c) E tsamaellana le true stomach ya nku (1) (d) E tshwauwa ka dimasculine wall tsa mechanical digestion (1) 2.2 Diphoofolo di fumana diahammele tsa tsona ho tloha ho diporoteini, khabohaetereiti, dilipitsi, le divithamini tseo di dijang. Di menirale le tsona ke karolo ya daethe ebile di hlokeha ka dikhwantithi tse fapaneng. Diphoofolo di hloka di reishene tse nang le di khomponente tsena kaofela ka phropoushene tse nepahetseng. 2.2.1 Qolla khomponente ya fidi e hlophisitsweng e le inorganic seratswaneng se ka hodimo. (1) 2.2.2 Qolla khomponente ya fidi e nang le mosebetsi e lateng: (a) E bolokwa ka mokgwa wa glycogen sebeteng (1) (b) E hlokeha bakeng sa kgolo, reproduction le production (1) Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/LOETSE 2024) DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 9 2.2.3 Fana ka mofuta wa nutrient uptake e sebedisang dicarrier molecule. (1) 2.2.4 Bontsha vithamene / minerale kapa matshwao a deficiency e bontshitsweng ka ditlhaku tse latelang O SE KE wa teroya tafole hape. Ngola karabo e nepahetseng fela pela tlhaku. VITHAMENE/MINERALE FUNCTION DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS Poor blood clotting in A Blood clotting chickens Phosphorus Healthy bones and teeth B Formation of C Anaemia haemoglobin (3) 2.3 Velu ya fidi e fumanwa ka ho khaletjhuleitha digestibility co-efficient ya yona. Ho feed trial, kgomo e jele 15 kg ya hay e ommeng mme ya ekheskretha 6 kg ya bolokwe bo e nang le 50% moisture khontente. 2.3.1 Khaletjhuleitha digestibility co-efficient ya hay. Bontsha KAOFELA dikhaltjhuleishene. (5) 2.3.2 Ka bo kguthswane sekaseka digestibility co-efficient e fumanehileng ka hodimo. (1) 2.3.3 Fana ka difeketha tse PEDI tse kanna tsa ama digestibility ya hay. (2) 2.4 Nku e ja 1 kg ya dry matter tsatsi le leng le le leng ho fidi e fomuleithueng, e nang le gross eneji ya 15,648 MJ/kg DM. Flow chart e ka tlase e bontsha di eneji losses (MJ/kg DM). Gross Digestible B Net Energy energy energy Energy lost Energy lost through Energy lost through faeces urine and gases through heat 5,167 1,479 0,968 2.4.1 Bontsha eneji e emetsweng ke B. (1) 2.4.2 Khaletjhuleita nett eneji eo nku e ka e fumanang ho tswa ho reishene ya letsatsi ka leng. (3) 2.4.3 Sekaseka khaltjhuleishene ya POTSO 2.4.2 ka hodimo. (1) Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10 DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 (EC/LOETSE 2024) 2.5 Data e ka tlase e amana le polane ya fodder flow ya nako e nkang dikgwedi tse 6. Yield Area July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. DM FORAGE (ton/ha) (ha) Sum (tons) Veld 2,19 40 10 10 20 40 Forage 12 25 43 30 73 sorghum Lucerne 15 15 40 35 52 46 15 30 Total feeds (t) 40 35 52 56 68 80 Shortage (t) 11 14 - - - - 25 Surplus (t) - - - 7 15 30 52 Livestock 51 49 52 49 53 50 requirement (t) 2.5.1 Teroya bar graph ho bapisa total feeds le livestock rikhwayamente tsa july ho isa ho December. (6) 2.5.2 Khaletjhuleitha surplus kgweding ya December ka di kg. (2) 2.5.3 Sekaseka dicost-effective measures tse PEDI tseo rapolasi a ka di sebedisang ho sebetsana le surplus kgweding ya December. (2) [35] Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/LOETSE 2024) DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 11 POTSO YA 3: TLHAHISO YA DIPHOOFOLO, TSHIRELETSO LE TAOLO Qala posto ena leqepheng le LETJHA. 3.1 Setshwantsho se ka tlase se bontsha di farming system tsa agriculture. SETSHWANTSHO SA A SETSHWANTSHO SA B 3.1.1 Qolla farming system e bontshitsweng SETSHWANTSHONG SA B. (1) 3.1.2 Bontsha sepheo sa farming system e boletsweng ho POTSO 3.1.1 ka hodimo. (1) 3.1.3 Hypothesise phrodakethivithi ya farming system SETSHWANTSHONG SA A. (1) 3.1.4 Hlalosa hore difeketha tse ka tlase di ka sebedisitswe ha jwang ho nyolla poordakesehene ho farming system ya extensive. (a) Reproduction (1) (b) Nutrition (1) 3.2 Ke di facility dife tseo o kothalletsang hore disebeswe ho dipheo tse latelang: 3.2.1 Ho nyolla thempheritjhara ho maternity section ya di fariki (1) 3.2.2 Ho meintheina thempheritjhara ka diteraktjheng tsa matlo (1) 3.2.3 Bakeng sa ho fepa dikgoho (1) Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 12 DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 (EC/LOETSE 2024) 3.3 Kaofela diphoofolo tsa polasing di homeothermic. Karolo ya fid eo phoofolo e e jeleng e sebediswa ho boloka phoofolo e fuhumetse ha e setseng e sebediswa ho diphrosese tse bohlokoa tsa bophelo. Dithempheritjhara tse fetisisang di ka ama eneji e teng ya di phrosese tsena ha hampe. 3.3.1 Hlalosa lentswe le sehelletsweng seratswaneng se ka hodimo. (2) 3.3.2 Sajeseta tsela e LENNGWE eo rapolasi a ka tshireletsang diphoofolo ka yona mabapi le themperitjhara tse fetisisang ho extensive phrodakeshene system. (1) 3.3.3 Hlalosa kamano dipakeng tsa feed intake, water intake le productivity ya phoofolo tlasa dithemperitjhara tse hodimo ka hofetisisa. (3) 3.4 Setshwantsho se ka tlase se bontsha karolo ya animal handling facility. 3.4.1 Fana ka lebitso la pen e ka hodimo. (1) 3.4.2 Fana ka didesign feature tse PEDI tseo o di kgothalletsang rapolasi ho di ela hloko ha a rala facility. (2) 3.4.3 Bolela mosebetsi o le MONG wa facility e ka hodimo. (1) Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/LOETSE 2024) DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 13 3.5 Setshwantsho se ka tlase se bontsha letswele le infected. 3.5.1 Hlwaya lefu ie amang letswele la kgomo jwalo ka ha ho bontshitswe setshwanthsong se ka hodimo. (1) 3.5.2 Hlophisa lefu le boletsweng POTSONG YA 3.5.1 ka hodimo, oikamahantse le kokwanahloko e e bakang. (1) 3.5.3 Fana ka matshwao a MABEDI tse bontshwang ke phoofolo a nang le lefu lena. (2) 3.5.4 Hlalosa di economic implication tse PEDI tsa lefu lena ho rapolasi. (2) 3.6 Ditayakeramo tse ka tlase dibontsha di pharasaete tse hlaselang diphoofolo. SETSHWANTSHO SA A SETSHWANTSHO SA B 3.6.1 Hlophisa di pharasaete tse SETSHWANTSHONG SA A le B. (2) 3.6.2 Fana ka lebitso la lefu le bakwang ke microscopic parasite e SETSHWANTSHONG SA A. (1) 3.6.3 Fana ka matshwao a MABEDI a lefu le boletsweng POTSONG YA 3.6.2. (2) 3.6.4 Fana ka dicontrol measure tse PEDI tsa pharasaete e SETSHWANTSHONG SA B. (2) Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 14 DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 (EC/LOETSE 2024) 3.7 Letswai ke engwe ya diminerale tse bohlokwa tse hlokwang ke diphoofolo tsohle tseo ha ngata di nang le diet e sa nepahalang diphoofolong tse fulang. Letswai ha nagata le tswakwa le di consetreitsi ho etsa minirale lick ya di dikgomo tse fulang. Tlasa maemo a itseng, ho ja letswai le lengata ho ka ba kotsi diphoofolong. Excessive salivation, ho pipitlelwa le ho nyorwa haholo ke bopaki bo phethahetseng. Ho shwa ha di phoofolo ho ka ba teng moo ho e nang le concentration e ngata ya letswaimetsing a ho nwa, kapo ha ho ena le phokolo ya metsi a ho nwa. 3.7.1 Hlwaya matshwao a MABEDI a salt poisoning a tlwaelehileng, ho tloha seratswaneng se ka hodimo, tse ka hlokomelehang diphoofolong tsa polasing. (2) 3.7.2 Fana ka preventative measure e le NNGWE ya salt poisiong. (1) 3.7.3 Fana ka karolo e LENNGWE ya mmuso tshireletsong diphoofolo. (1) [35] Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/LOETSE 2024) DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 15 POTSO YA 4: ANIMALE REPORODAKESHENE. Qala potso ena leqepheng le LETJHA. 4.1 Tayakeramo e ka tlase e bontsha ditho tsa rephrodakeshene ya kgomo. B BC D A F E 4.1.1 Hlwaya phoofolo ya polasi e nang le reproduction system e ka hodimo. (1) 4.1.2 Fana ka di karolo tse leibotsweng B le E. (2) 4.1.3 Bontsha ka ho ngola TLHAKU fela e tsamaelanang le karolo moo tse latelang di etsahalang: (a) Ho hlahiswa di-oocyte (1) (b) E tshireletsa popelo kgahalano le external environment (1) 4.2 Oestrus cycle ke saekele e hormonally controlled di kgomong tse tshehadi tse sexually active. E bonahala ka mekgahlelo e mene, e leng pro-oestrus, oestrus, met-oestrus le di-oestrus. 4.2.1 Bontsha nako ya saekele e bonahalang fomeisheneng ya corpus luteum. (1) 4.2.2 Fana ka lebitso la hormone e bakeng ovulation ka nako ena ho POTSO 4.2.1 hodimo. (1) 4.2.3 Hlalosa lentswe le sehetsweng mola seratswaneng seka hodimo. (2) 4.2.4 Fana ka mekgwa e MEBEDI ya ho bona dikgomo tse palesitseng. (2) Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 16 DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 (EC/LOETSE 2024) 4.3 Setshwantsho se ka tlase se bontsha e nngwe ya mekgahlelo ya meithing dikgomong. 4.3.1 Bontsha mokgahlelo wa meithing o bontshitsweng ke setshwantsho se ka hodimo. (1) 4.3.2 Hlwaya di feketha tse PEDI tse bakang meithing behaviour dipohong. (2) 4.4 Disebediswa tse ka tlase di sebediswa ke bo rapolasi ho rephrodakeshene ya diphoofolo. SETSHWANTSHO SA A SETSHWANTSHO SA B 4.4.1 Fana ka lebitso la se sebediswa se se SETSHWANTSHONG SA A. (1) 4.4.2 Bontsha mosebetsi wa sesebediswa se boletsweng POTSONG YA 4.4.1. (1) 4.4.3 Bolela themperitjhara rikhwayamente ya semen e bokelletsweng SETSHWANTSHONG SA B. (1) Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/LOETSE 2024) DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 17 4.4.4 Hlalosa mesebetsi ya disemen dilutant tse ka tlase: (a) Buffers (1) (b) Egg yolk (1) (c) Antibiotics (1) 4.4.5 Hlalosa ka bokgutshwanyane nako e nepahetseng ya artificial insermination. (2) 4.5 Tayakeramo e ka tlase e bontsha animal rephrodakeshene thekenikii ya se modene. 4.5.1 Bontsha procedure e tayakeramong e ka hodimo. (1) 4.5.2 Fana ka lebitso la phoofolo C ho procedure e boletsweng POTSONG 4.5.1. (1) 4.5.3 Hlahloba ho lokela ha reproductive technique e ka hodimo e ka sebediswang ke disubsistence farmer. (1) 4.5.4 Tshehetsa karabo ya hao POTSONG YA 4.5.3 ka hodimo. (1) Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 18 DISAENSE TSA TEMO P1 (EC/LOETSE 2024) 4.6 Setshwantsho se ka tlase se bontsha mogahlelo o bohlokwa wa rephrodakeshene diphoofolong. 4.6.1 Bontsha phrosese e bontshitsweng setshwantshong se ka hodimo. (1) 4.6.2 Bontsha boemo bo ka bang kgahlano le le porosese e ka hodimo. (1) 4.6.3 Fana ka dintho tse PEDI tse ka bakang boemo bo boletsweng POTSONG YA 4.6.2. (2) 4.6.4 Ka tlase ke mekgahlelo ya rephrodakeshene dikgomong, lokisa di mekgahlelo ena mme o e ngole ka tatellano. Ngola tlhaku FELA. A Parturition B Conception C Gestation D Fertilisation E Ejaculation (5 x 1) (5) [35] MATHSWAO A KAROLO YA B: 105 MATSHWAO KAOFELA: 150 Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena ha di se sebeditswe ntle le tumello. Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.