Physical Sciences Grade 12 Limpopo Prelim 2024 QP

Downloaded from hlayiso.com ———— pation -Thisis fi LIMPOPO PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT I} REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA Vas DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ] SENIOR SERTIFICATE | NATIONAL | GRADE 12 ly a" PHYSICAL SCIENCES: CHEMISTRY (P2) " TF " SEPTEMBER 2024 5 i " "eam ewe see wi Se Sie i ee Be oe ee re eee eee ee MARKS: 150 TIME: 3 HOURS ATT This paper consists of 14 pages and 4 data sheets Copyright reserved Please turn over — — oe = a

Physical Sciences P2 1. 2. 3. INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 10. 11. Downloaded from hlayiso.com 2 LimpopoDoE/September 2024 NSC The question paper consists of nine questions. Answer ALL the questions. Start EACH question on a NEW page. Number your answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question Paper. Leave ONE line between two sub-questions, e.g., between QUESTION 2.1 and QUESTION 2.2. A non-programmable calculator may be used. Appropriate mathematical instruments may be used. Show ALL formulae and substitutions in ALL calculations. Round off your FINAL numerical answers to a minimum of TWO decimal places. Give brief motivations, discussions, etc. where required. You are advised to use the attached data sheets. Write neatly and legibly. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayise,com Physical Sciences P2 3 LimpopoDoE/September 2024 NSC QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS Four options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A-D) next to the question number (1.1 — 1.10), for example 1.10 E 1.1 What is the IUPAC name for the compound CH3CH2CHFCH3? A. 2-fluorobutane B. 3-fluorobutane C. fluoro-3-butane D. fluorobutane (2) Base your answers to questions 1.2 and 1.3 on the graph below. Boiling points of selected alcohols at 101,3 kPa 150 - - 7 | | o LL mn 1@) | 4 ma I | | | | | % 100 i oe 2 + oa 2 T —E se ® fd HHH it i il i * Coco = COPCCeerr ie CO 50 ne [ J 6 ve) %, % a, % Y % % a % %, % Y % : 2 Y 4 Y 4 yY Y Alcohol Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com i /September 2024 Physical Sciences P2 4 LimpopoDoE/Sep NSC 1.2 What is represented by the number “1” in the IUPAC name for three of these alcohols? A. The number of isomers for each alcohol. B. The number of —OH groups for each carbon atom in each alcohol molecule. C. The location of an OH group on one end of the carbon chain in each alcohol molecule. D. The location of an -OH group in the middle of the carbon chain in each alcohol molecule. (2) 1.3 What can be concluded from this graph? A. At 101,3 kPa, water has a higher boiling point than butan-1-ol. B. At 101,3 kPa, water has a lower boiling point than ethanol. C. The greater the number of carbon atoms per alcohol molecule, the lower the boiling point of the alcohol. D. The greater the number of carbon atoms per alcohol molecule, the higher the boiling point of the alcohol . (2) 1.4 Which formula represents the product of the addition reaction between ethene and chlorine, Cl2? A. B. | Cl Cl Cl Cl I I I I Cl-C-C-Cl H-C-C-H / l H H HH Cc [D.C Cl Cl Cl H l I I I H-C=C-H =C—n 4 I H ¢ C H a HH te | (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences P2 5 LimpopoDoE/September 2024 S & — ; NSC 1: reaction is most likely to occur when the reacting particles collide 1.6 1.7 1.8 with proper orientation and proper: A. Charge B. Energy C. Mass D. Volume (2) Catalysts can increase the rate of a chemical reaction by providing....... A. an alternate reaction pathway with a higher activation energy. B. the same reaction pathway with a higher activation energy. C. analternate reaction pathway with a lower activation energy. D. the same reaction pathway with a lower activation energy. (2) Given the equation representing a system at equilibrium ina sealed, rigid container: 2HI(g) S Ha(g) + la(g) + energy Increasing the temperature of the system causes the concentration A. HI to increase. B. Hz to increase. C. HI to remain constant. D. Hz to remain constant. (2) How will the pH change if there is a tenfold increase in the hydronium ion concentration? A. Adecrease of one unit of pH. B. Adecrease of 10 units of pH. C. An increase gions unit of pH. D . Anincrease of 10 units of pH. (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences P2 6 LimpopoDoE/September 2024 1.9 Which positive ion must be present in an aqueous solution of an Arrhenius acid? A. Nat B. NH,* C. OH- D. H30* (2) 1.10 Consider the reaction below. 2Al(s) + 6H*(aq) 2Al*(aq) + 3H2(g) In this reaction, electrons are transferred from: A. Alto H* B. HtoH* C. Alto Al* D H to Al (2) [20] Copyright reserved

D ownloa ded fro m hlayisg.c om Physical Sciences P2 7 LimpopoDoE/September 2024 NSC QUESTION 2 (Start on a new page.) Carbon is the basic building block of organic compounds that recycles through the earth’s air, water, soil, and living organisms including human beings. 2.1 Discuss ONE special property of carbon that makes it possible to (2) form a variety of bonds. 2.2 The IUPAC name of an organic compound is: 1-chloro-2,3-dimethylpentane 2.2.1. Write down the GENERAL FORMULA of the homologous series to which this compound belongs. (1) 2.2.2 Draw the condensed STRUCTURAL formula of this (3) compound. 2.2.3 |s this compound SATURATED or UNSATURATED? (1) 2.3 The organic compound below (CH3COCH2CH2CHs) has one POSITIONAL isomer and one FUNCTIONAL isomer. 2.3.1 Define the term positional isomer. (2) For this compound, write down the: 2.3.2 Name of the functional group present in this compound. (1) 2.3.3 IUPAC name of its POSITIONAL isomer. (2) 2.3.4 Structural formula of its FUNCTIONAL isomer. (2) 2.4 Consider this condensed structural formula of an alcohol. (CHs)3C - OH 2.4.1 Is this a PRIMARY, SECONDARY or TERTIARY alcohol? Give a reason for the answer. (2) 2.4.2 Write down the IUPAC name of the above compound. (2) [18] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from. Mavise.qam Physical Sciences P2 8 LimpopoDoE/September 2024 NSC QUESTION 3 (Start on a new page.) The table below shows data collected for three organic compounds, ; represented by the letters A, B and C, during a practical investigation: Organic compound Mr (g.mol') | Boiling Point (ec) | CHsCH2CH2CH3 A 58 -0,5 CH3sCH2CH20H S 60 97 CHsCOOH © 60 118 3.1 Which variable was controlled during this investigation? (1) 3.2 Identify the: 3.2.1 Dependent variable. (1) 3.2.2 Independent variable. (1) 3.3 Consider compound A: 3.3.1 2-methylpropane is an isomer of compound A. Predict whether the boiling point of 2-methylpropane will be HIGHER THAN, LOWER THAN or THE SAME as the boiling point of compound A. (1) 3.3.2 Explain your prediction in QUESTION 3.3.1. (3) 3.4 Define the term vapor pressure. (2) 3.5 Refer to intermolecular forces and energy to explain why compound B will have a higher vapour pressure than compound C at 20 °C. (3) [12] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences P2 9 Downloaded from hlayiso.com NSC QUESTION 4 (Start on a new page.) Various organic reactions are shown in the flow diagram. LimpopoDoE/September 2024 () xX sae + + energy | A Bra UV light C3H7OH B | CsHrBr C | CsH7OH ie 2 == -1- 2: 4 propan-1-ol 4-bromopropane | propan-1-ol Seer Zz KOH con.) D Heat reflux Y 41 Name the type of reaction illustrated by: 4.1.1 A (1) 41.2 B (1) 41.3 C (1) 41.4 D (1) 4.2 Use condensed structural formulas and write a balanced equation for reaction C. (4) 4.3 Write down the structural formula for compound X. (2) 44 Compound X undergoes combustion in the presence of oxygen. Write down the molecular formulas of the two products that form. (2) 4.5 Use structural formulas to write a balanced equation for the reaction to produce product Y. (3) Instead of heating concentrated potassium hydroxide under reflux during the formation of Y, dilute sodium hydroxide is used. 46 Write the IUPAC name of the organic compound that will form. (2) 47 To which homologous series does product Z belong? (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences P2 10 LimpopoDoE/September 2024 NSC 4.8 Write down the IUPAC name of product Z if ethanoic acid was used during the reaction. (2) [20] QUESTION 5 (Start on a new page.) Graph B represents the Maxwell-Boltzmann energy distribution curve for a reaction mixture at 300°C. Area X represents the number of molecules in the mixture that have enough kinetic energy for the reaction to take place. fc ; ~ Area X Number of molecules Kinetic energy YA 5.1 Give a term for the “minimum energy needed for a reaction to take place”, as indicated by Y. (1) 5.2 The temperature of the mixture is now increased to 500 °C. 5.2.1 Which ONE of graph A or C represents the distribution curve of the mixture at this higher temperature? (1) 5.2.2 Give a reason for the answer. (1) 5.2.3 Use the collision theory to explain how this increase in temperature will influence the rate of the reaction. (4) 5.3 A catalyst is added to the mixture. 2 5.3.1 Write down the definition of a catalyst. (2) 5.3.2 How will the above-mentioned action affect the size of area X (area to the rightiof vertical line Y)? Write down only INCREASES, DECREASES or REMAINS THE SAME. (1) 5.3.3 Explain your answer to QUESTION 5.3.2. ’ (2) [12] Copyright reserved Please turn ove a

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences P2 11 LimpopoDoE/September 2024 3 NSC QUESTION 6 (Start on a new page.) 2,0 g of CaCOs is sealed in an evacuated 1,0 dm? metal flask and a pressure gauge is connected to the flask, in order to determine the equilibrium constant for the decomposition of calcium carbonate (CaCOs). The flask is heated to a 800°C at which equilibrium was reached. CaCOa(s) = CaO(s) + CO2(g) AH>0 The graph obtained for pressure versus time for the decomposition of calcium carbonate is shown below. Pressure to t th ts Time 6.1 Define the term reaction rate. (2) 6.2 How does the rate of the reverse reaction change from toto t1? (2) 6.3 Whatis the reason for the horizontal line between tz.and ts? (1) 6.4 Draw a sketch graph to show how the mass of CaCO3 changes for (3) the period toto ts. 6.5 During a power failure the temperature of the oven drops to 500°C. What effect (only write INCREASES, DECREASES or STAYS THE SAME) does this decrease in temperature have on the following: 6.5.1 The rate of the forward reaction. (1) 6.5.2 The concentration of COz (1) 6.5.3 The value of Kc. (1) 6.6 Give a reason for your answer to QUESTION 6.5.3. (4) 67 When equilibrium was established at 800°C, the concentration of COz2 present in the flask was 1,4 x 10? mol-dm?. Calculate the equilibrium constant (Kc) at 800°C for this reaction. (2) [17] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso,ggm Confidential Information - This is for | consum Physical Sciences P2 12 LimpopoDoE/September 2024 NSC QUESTION 7 (Start on a new page.) 7A Sulphuric acid is a diprotic acid. 7.1.1 Define an acid in terms of the Lowry-Bransted theory. (2) 7.1.2 Give a reason why sulphuric acid is a diprotic acid. (1) 7.2 The hydrogen carbonate ion can act as both an acid anda base. It reacts with water according to the following balanced equation: HCOs (aq) + H20(I) $ H2CO3(aq) + OH(aq) 7.2.1 Write down ONE word for the underlined phrase. (1) 7.2.2 HCOs'(aq) acts as a base in the above reaction. Write down the formula of the conjugate acid of HCOs(aq). (1) 7.3 A chemist spills sulphuric acid of concentration 6 mol-dm* from a flask on a laboratory bench. She neutralises the spilled acid by sprinkling sodium hydrogen carbonate powder onto it. The reaction that takes place is: (Assume that the H2SOs ionises completely.) HzSOx (aq) + 2NaHCOs (s) > Na2SOx (aq) + 2H20 (I) + 2C02(g) The fizzing, due to the formation of carbon dioxide, stops after the chemist has added 27 g sodium hydrogen carbonate to the spilled acid. 7.3.1 Calculate the volume of sulphuric acid that spilled. Assume that all the sodium hydrogen carbonate reacts with all the acid. (6) The chemist now dilutes some of the 6 mol-dm? sulphuric acid solution in the flask to 0,1 mol-dm*. 7.3.2 Calculate the volume of the 6 mol-dm* sulphuric acid solution needed to prepare 1 dm of the dilute acid. (2) During a titration 25 cm* of the 0,1 mol-dm* sulphuric acid solution is added to an Erlenmeyer flask and titrated with a 0,1 mol-dm3 sodium hydroxide solution. 7.3.3 The chemist uses bromothymol blue as indicator. What is the purpose of this indicator? (1) 7.3.4 Calculate the pH of the solution in the flask after the addition of 30 cm* of sodium hydroxide. The endpoint of the titration is not yet reached at this point. (e) [22] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences P2 Downlaaded from hlayiso.com is 1s for official corSumption 13 LimpopoDoE/September 2024 NSC QUESTION 8 (Start on a new page.) A learner wants to investigate the effect of the area of the metal plates used as electrodes in a galvanic cell on the emf of the cell on the emf of the cell. The learner.sets up the following cell under standard conditions and measures the emf. 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 A 2n QL Which electrode will show an increase in mass when this cell is (1) functioning? Write the equation for the half-reaction occurring at the anode. (2) Calculate the emf that the learner will read on the voltmeter. (4) Name TWO variables that should be controlled during this investigation. (2) The learner now replaces the two metal plates with ones of larger surface area and takes the voltmeter reading again. 8.5.1 How would you expect the new emf to compare with the one calculated in QUESTION 8.3? (Only write SMALLER THAN, LARGER THAN or EQUAL TO.) (1) 8.5.2 Explain your answer to QUESTION 8.5.1. (2) The learner now connects a resistor of low resistance across terminals A and B. The learner notes that the reading on the voltmeter immediately drops. 8.6.1 Give a reason for this observation. (1) 8.6.2 After some time the learner observes a further gradual drop in the reading on the voltmeter. Give a reason for this observation. (1) [14] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downlgaded.from hlayiso.cam Physical Sciences P2 14 LimpopoDoE/September 2094 NSC QUESTION 9 (Start on a new page.) 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 Electroplating is an electrolytic process that can be used to coat metal objects with a less reactive metal. The diagram below shows an electroplating cell that includes a power source connected to a Copper rod and a bracelet made from a different metal. The rod and bracelet are in an aqueous copper (II) sulphate solution. Power source g Cu rod electrolyte bracelet Define the term electrolyte. (2) Is the electrolytic process endothermic or exothermic? (1) Which electrode, the BRACELET or the Cu rod is the cathode? (1) Initially the CuSO«(aq) has a blue colour. 9.4.1 How will the intensity of the blue colour change whilst the cell is functioning? Write down INCREASES, DECREASES or REMAINS THE SAME. (1) 9.4.2 Give a reason for the answer in QUESTION 9.4.1. (2) 9.4.3 Write down the half-reaction that takes place at the pure copper electrode. (2) During the process, the bracelet is plated with 0,86 g of copper. Calculate the number of electrons transferred during the process. (6) [15] TOTAL: 150 PI Copyright reserved lease turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences P2 45 NSC GEGEWENS VIR FISIESE WETENSKAPPE GRAAD 12 VRAESTEL 2 (CHEMIE) DATA FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES GRADE 12 PAPER 2 (CHEMISTRY) TABLE 1: PHYSICAL CONSTANTSITABEL 1: FISIESE KONSTANTES LimpopoDoE/September 2024 NAME/NAAM SYMBOL/SIMBOOL VALUE/WAARDE Avogadro's constant 23 anit Avogadro-konstante Na 6,02 x 10° mol Charge on electron . Lading op elektron 2 “1,6 x 10°C Electron mass ; Elektronmassa Me 9,11 x 10°31 kg Molar gas volume at STP 4 Molére gasvolume by STD Vim 22,4 dm*-mol Standard pressure Standaarddruk pe 1,013 x 10° Pa Standard temperature Standaardtemperatuur is 273K TABLE 2: FORMULAE/TABEL 2: FORMULES m N n=— n=— M Na =f orlof c= Wu ¥ caVa _ na oy ~ MV my CbVb nb K, =[H,O° ][OH] =1x10™ at/by 298K pH = -log[H30*] 0 _ 70 0 po _ pe Een = E cathode ~ — Eonode | Eset = Enatode E node or / of —E° 6 Fea = =E reduction oxidation or / of Eo, =E? cell oxidising agent redusing agent 6 _ 7e 0 | Eva =E, eduksie — Ecisidasie 6 E® -ER / Ea E jisideermiddel @ -£ reduseermiddel -2 -2 Copyright reserved Ge where n is the number of electrons q Please turn over

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Downloaded,tron Alayisa.com Physical Sciences P2 LimpopoDoE/September 2024 Increasing reducing ability/Toenemende reduserende vermoé 17 NSC TABLE 4A: STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS Half-reactions E® (vy) Fog)+2e = = 2F- +2,87 Co*+e = Co* +1,81 H202+2H*+2e = 2H20 41,77 MnO4 +8H*+5e =~ Mn*+4H20 +151 Ch(g)+2e = 2Ch + 1,36 CrO z +14H'+6e = 2Cr*+7H,0 + 1,33 O2(g)+4H*+4e° = = 2H20 +1,23 MnO2+ 4H*+2e- = = = Mn** + 2H20. + 1,23 Pe+2e = Pt +1,20 i Bro(t)+2e- = 9 2Br +1,07 NO3 +4Ht+3e = NO(g)+2H20 + 0,96 Hg’+2e- = Hg(t) +0,85 Ey) Ag'te = Ag + 0,80 2 NO3 +2H*+e = NOx(g)+H20 +0,80 ry Fe*+e = Fe* +0,77 a Oo(g)+2H*+2e- == H202 + 0,68 2 h+2e = 2b + 0,54 Cu'+e = Cu +0,52 $ SO2 + 4H* + 4e- S+2H20 +0,45 3 2:0 +02+4e° = 40H +0,40 Z Cu** + 2e- Cu + 0,34 S so = +4H'+2e- = SO2(g)+2H2O +0,17 zg Cu*+e = Cut +0,16 £ Sn +2e = Sn* +0,15 o S+2H*+2e = HeS(g) +0,14 5 2H*+2e = Hag) 0,00 2 Fe* + 3e- Fe - 0,06 — Pb%*+2e = Pb -0,13 = Sn*+2e = Sn -0,14 ‘8 N?*+2e = Ni -0,27 a Co%+2e = Co -0,28 c Cd*+2e = Cd - 0,40 7) Cette = Cr -0,41 3 Fe*+2e = Fe - 0,44 3 Ceé+3e = Cr -0,74 to) Zn*+2e = Zn - 0,76 = 2H,0+2e- == —-He(g) ++ 20H- — 0,83 © Cret+2e = Cr -0,91 5 Mn%+2e- = Mn -1,18 £ ABt+3e = AL = 1,66 Mg*+2e = Mg - 2,36 Nat+e = Na -2,71 Ca*+2e = Ca — 2,87 SPt+2e = Sr — 2,89 Ba+2e = Ba —2,90 Cst+e = Cs - 2,92 Ktte = K - 2,93 lite = Li - 3,05 TABLE 4B: STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downleaded from.b! Physical Sciences P2 YiSQ.Gom LimpopoDoE/September 2024 Increasing oxidising ability/Toenemende oksiderende vermoé 18 NSC . () Half-reactions E*™) lite = Li = 9,05 K+e = K - 2,93 Cs*+ @& = Cs ~ 2,92 Ba*+2e = Ba ~ 2,90 S+2e = Sr ~ 2,89 Ca** + 2e- = Ca ~ 2,87 Na* +e = Na -2,71 Mg*+2e = = Mg - 2,36 AG +3e = AL ~ 1,66 Mn?*+2e = Mn ~1,18 Crt+2e = Cr - 0,91 2H20+2e = = ~—-Ha(g) + 20H" — 0,83 Zn*+2e = Zn. - 0,76 Crt+3e = Cr -0,74 Fe** + 2e- Fe — 0,44 Cr+e = cr -0,41 Cd*+2e = Cd - 0,40 Co*+2e = Co - 0,28 Ni?* + 2e- Ni -0,27 Sn*+2e = Sn - 0,14 Pb*+2e = Pb - 0,13 Fe** + 3e- Fe - 0,06 2H*+2e = = Hg) 0,00 S + 2H* + 2e- HeS(g) +0,14 Sn** + 2e- = Sn?* +0,15 Cu*+e- = Cut +0,16 so ze + 4H? + 2e- $02(g) + 2H20 +0,17 Cu* + 2e- = Cu +0,34 2H20+O2+4e° = = 40H- + 0,40 SO2 + 4H* + 4e- = S+2H2O +0,45 Cu? +e = Cu +0,52 b+2e = 2b + 0,54 O2(g)+ 2H*+2e- = Han +0,68 Fe*+e = Fe +0,77 NO3 +2H'+e == —NOx(g)+H20 +0,80 Ag* +e = Ag +0,80 Hg?* + 2e- Hg(t) +0,85 NO3 +4H"+3e- = —NO(g)+2H20 +0,96 Br(t)+2e = 2Br +1,07 Ph+2e = Pt +4,20 MnO2+4H*+2e- == = Mn®*+2H0 +1,23 O2(g) + 4H* + 4e- = 2H20 +1,23 Cre0 z +14H*+6e = 2Cr*+7H20 +133 Cha(g) + 2e- = 2cte +1,36 MnO4 +8H*+5e == Mn**+ 4,0 +154 H202+2H*+2e = 2H2O +177 Co*¥+e = Cor +181 F2(g) + 2e- = 2F- +2,87 Copyright reserved Please turn over Increasing reducing ability/ Toenemende reduserende vermoé