Geography Grade 12 Paper 1 KZN Prelim 2020 Question Paper

education Department: Education PROVINCE OF KWAZULU-NATAL NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 a GEOGRAPHY P1 ‘ 7 PREPARATORY EXAMINATION 5 * SEPTEMBER 2020 : MARKS: 225 TIME: 3 hours This question paper consists of 17 pages and a 14 page Annexure. Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

rte ear n Geoaranhy/P4 2 wou INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. This question paper consists of FOUR questions. 2. Answer ANY THREE questions of 75 marks each. 3. ALL diagrams are included in the ANNEXURE. 4. Leave a line open between subsections of questions answered. 5. Start EACH question at the top of a NEW page. 6. Number your answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. 7. Do NOT write in the margins of your ANSWER BOOK. 8. Where possible, illustrate your answers with labelled diagrams. 9. Write clearly and legibly. Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 3 September 2020 Preparatory Examination NSC SECTION A: CLIMATE, WEATHER AND GEOMORPHOLOGY Answer at least ONE question from SECTION A. If you answer ONE question from SECTION A you must answer both questions from SECTION B. QUESTION 1 14 1.2 Refer to FIGURE 1.1 based on a cross-section of a tropical cyclone. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given within brackets. Write only the answer next to the question number (1.1.1 to 1.1.8) in your ANSWER BOOK. Example 1.1.9 Vortex 1.1.1 The stage of development represented in FIGURE 1.1 is the (initial/ mature) stage. 1.1.2 The cloud type labelled A is a (stratus/cumulonimbus) cloud. 1.1.3. The warm core represented by label B is a part of (eye / dangerous semi-circle) of the tropical cyclone. 1.1.4. The warm core at B is formed as a result of (heating by condensation/ adiabatic heating). 1.1.5 The pressure above the ocean surface labelled C is (high/low). 1.1.6 The air is (converging/diverging) at D. 1.1.7. The wind speed is strongest at the (eyewall/warm core). 1.1.8 The general direction of movement of the tropical cyclone is (westerly/easterly). (8 x 1) (8) FIGURE 1.2 shows the changing cross profiles of the valley along the rivers course. Match the profiles A, B or C with the description given below. Write only the letter A, B or C next to the question numbers (1.2.1 — 1.2.7) in your ANSWER BOOK. Example, 1.2.8 C. 1.2.1 The valley is steep and deep. 1.2.2 The main geomorphological process in this course is deposition. 1.2.3. The flow in this course is turbulent. 1.2.4 Characterized predominantly by lateral and downward erosion. 4.2.5 Landform features such as waterfalls and rapids are common. 4.2.6 The mouth of the river is found in this course. 1.2.7 The valley is wide and deep. (7x 1)(7) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

B) eooorannua! Wou 1.3 Refer to FIGURE 1.3 showing a synoptic weather map. 1.3.1 Why is the mid-latitude cyclones on the synoptic map referred to as a family of cyclones? 1.3.2 Give ONE reason why mid-latitude cyclone B is considered older than cyclone A. 1.3.3. Explain ONE reason why front labelled C is not associated with heavy rain. 1.3.4 Refer to the weather symbol at station D. Provide TWO reasons for the extremely cold and dry conditions. 1.3.5. In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines explain measures that people living in the Eastern Cape can take to reduce the negative impact associated with mid-latitude cyclones. 1.4 Refer to FIGURE 1.4 showing Berg winds over South Africa. 1.4.1 Give the synoptic conditions evident in FIGURE 1.4 that is necessary for the development of Berg winds. 1.4.2 Describe the cloud cover and temperature conditions that exists over the plateau during the occurrence of berg wind conditions. 1.4.3 State, with a reason, the temperature characteristics of berg winds experienced along the coastal areas of South Africa. 1.4.4 Discuss the impact that berg winds can have on the health of people. 1.4.5 Berg winds intensify veld fires. Suggest TWO strategies that farmers can implement to prevent the spreading of these veld fires. Copyright Reserved (1 x 1) (1) (1 x 1) (1) (1 x 2) (2) (2 x 2) (4) (4 x 2) (8) (2 x 1) (2) (2 x 1) (2) (2x 1) (2) (2 x2) (4) (2 x 2) (4) Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 5 September 2020 Preparatory Examination nen 1.5. Refer to FIGURE 1.5 which shows a delta. 1.5.1. Define the term delta. (1x 1) (1) 1.5.2 Identify the course of the river in which the delta, in FIGURE 1.5, developed. (1 x 1) (1) 1.5.3 What term is given to the river channels (branches), labelled A? = (1 x 1) (1) 1.5.4 Explain TWO conditions necessary for the formation of deltas. (2 x 2) (4) 1.5.5 Discuss TWO economic importance of deltas to farmers located at B. (2 x 2) (4) 1.5.6 Suggest why deltas can be regarded as a threat to the community living in the village. (2 x 2) (4) 1.6 Refer to FIGURE 1.6 showing river capture. 1.6.1 Define the term river capture. (1x 1)(1) 1.6.2 What purpose does feature A serve? (1x 1) (1) 1.6.3 Why is river B most likely to be the captor stream? (1 x 1)(1) 1.6.4 Explain why stream C will have a larger amount of gravel. (2 x 2) (4) 1.6.5 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, assess the implications that river capture will have on communities that depend on river C for economic activities. (4 x 2) (8) [75] Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

berg Ae pee te Geoaranhv/P1 6 + ranarstan QUESTION 2 2.1 FIGURE 2.1 shows anticyclones over South Africa. Match the anticyclones with the descriptions given below. Write only the answer next to the question number (2.1.1 — 2.1.7) in the ANSWER BOOK. Example, 2.1.8 Kalahari High. 2.1.1 The pressure cell that results in high rainfall along the coast of South Africa. 2.1.2 The pressure cell that pushes cool air into South Africa from the south west. 2.1.3 A weak cell that allows rising convection currents to reach the interior in summer. 2.1.4 The anticyclone that results in north-easterly winds over the coast of South Africa. 2.1.5 The anticyclone that causes clear stable conditions over the interior of South Africa in winter. 2.1.6 The anticyclone that shows the smallest seasonal locational changes. 2.1.7 The pressure cell that is responsible for the vertical position of the inversion layer during summer and winter. (7 x 1) (7) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Geography/P 1 2.2 2.3 7 September 2020 Preparatory Examination nsec Choose the term from the list below that best matches the geomorphological description given. Write only the correct answer next to the question number (2.2.1 — 2.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK. Example 2.2.9 parallel radial centrifugal; superimposed; dendritic; deranged; trellis; antecedent; parallel; rectangular; radial centripetal; 2.2.1 Tributaries join the main stream at acute angles. 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4 2.2.5 2.2.6 2.2.7 2.2.8 Streams flow away from a central point. The drainage system maintains its original course over a landscape that has undergone uplift. Forms in jointed igneous rocks. Forms in areas of alternate hard and soft rocks. Stream pattern that flows into a basin or central pan. The drainage system displays a pattern that bears no relation to the geology and relief of the landscape. Develops in glacial regions and no specific pattern can be identified. (8 x 1) (8) Refer to FIGURE 2.3 which shows development of the line thunderstorm. 2.3.1 2.3.2 The high pressure systems on the map form part of a global pressure belt. Name this global pressure belt. (1x 1)(1) Explain how the air movements at A and B causes the development of the moisture front. (1 x 2) (2) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Geoaraphy/P1 R Sentemher 2090 Prenarateny Eyaminntian 2.3.3 Use both the map and the photo to answer the questions that follow: (a) _ Identify the cloud type that developed at E during the formation of the moisture front. (1 x 1)(1) (b) | Name the type of rainfall that will occur in the area shown in the photo. (1 x 1)(1) (c) Will the settlement in the photo be found at C or D on the map? Explain your answer. (1 + 2)(3) (d) In aparagraph of approximately EIGHT lines, discuss the impact that this type of rainfall (answer to QUESTION 2.3.3(b)) will have on the agricultural activities in the area surrounding the settlement. (4 x 2) (8) 2.4 Study FIGURE 2.4 showing conditions created by temperature inversion over a city located in a valley. 2.4.1 Define the term temperature inversion. (1 x 1) (1) 2.4.2 Does FIGURE 2.4 A or FIGURE 2.4 B represent day conditions? (1x 1) (1) 2.4.3 Give a reason for your answer to QUESTION 2.4.2. (1 x 2) (2) 2.4.4 Compare the air movements at B in FIGURE 2.4 A with that of the air movements at C in FIGURE 2.4 B (2 x 2) (4) 2.4.5 Explain how building density in FIGURE 2.4 contributes to higher temperatures within the CBD. (1 x 2) (2) 2.4.6 The amount of pollution trapped below layer A will end up on the valley floor at night. Discuss the impact that the pollution would have on the CBD. (2 x 2) (4) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 9 September 2020 Preparatory Examination NSC 2.5 Study FIGURE 2.5 showing a drainage basin 2.5.1 Define the term drainage density. (1 x 1) (1) 2.5.2 Give evidence from the sketch that suggests that the river system has a low drainage density. (1 x 1)(1) 2.5.3. Identify TWO natural factors that may have resulted in a low drainage density in FIGURE 2.5. (2 x 1) (2) 2.5.4 Refer to the point labelled A on the river system. (a) Determine the stream order at A. (1 x 2) (2) (b) Explain how high rainfall in the catchment area will impact on the existing steam order at A. (2 x 2) (4) 2.5.5 Discuss how farming activities along the river course could increase the drainage density of the river system in FIGURE 2.5. (2 x 2) (4) 2.6 Refer to FIGURE 2.6 based on catchment management. 2.6.1 Define the term catchment management. (1x 1) (1) 2.6.2 Give ONE reason from the extract why catchment management is important to South Africa? (1 x 1) (1) 2.6.3 Mention TWO reasons why the Rietvlei wetland area has been degraded. (2 x 1) (2) 2.6.4 How will the people living in Pretoria benefit from restoring the Rietvlei wetland area? (2 x 2) (4) 2.6.5 Ina paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, discuss ideas to rehabilitate (make good) the Rietvlei catchment area. (4 x 2) (8) [75] Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Genaranhy/P1 49 Cantembar 0000 Drencrsten: Decsinct! SECTION B: RURAL AND URBAN SETTLEMENT, ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY OF SOUTH AFRICA Answer at least ONE question from this section. If you answer ONE question from SECTION B you must answer both questions from SECTION A. QUESTION 3 3.1. Refer to FIGURE 3.1. Choose the correct land use/land use zones for each of the following descriptions given below. Write only the land use/land use Zone next to the question number (3.1.1—3.1.8) in the ANSWER BOOK. Example, 3.1.9. 3.1.1. The land use zone in which airports are generally situated. 3.1.2 Commercial land use with the highest land value. 3.1.3. The land use that helps reduce the harmful effects of the urban heat island. 3.1.4 The high density residential land use zone usually found close to industries. 3.1.5 Mixed land use zone that allows for further expansion of the CBD. 3.1.6 The type of industrial zone that produces large amounts of pollution. 3.1.7 Land use development formed due to housing shortages. 3.1.8 Businesses found away from the city centre due to commercial decentralization. (8 x 1) (8) 3.2 Refer to FIGURE 3.2 showing the percentage of employment in each economic sector to answer the questions. Write only the answer next to the question number (3.2.1 — 3.2.7) in the ANSWER BOOK. Example, 3.2.8 Primary. 3.2.1 Which economic sector employs the largest labour force? 3.2.2 Which primary economic activity employs the larger percentage of people? Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 11 September 2020 Preparatory Examination nse 3.2.3 Which sector employs the lowest percentage of the labour force? 3.2.4 To which sector of the economy does construction belong? 3.2.5 What percentage of the labour force does the construction activity employ? 3.2.6 Give the economic activity that employs the largest number of people in the secondary sector. 3.2.7. Which economic activity employs the lowest number of people? (7x 1)(7) 3.3 Refer to FIGURE 3.3 showing shopping behaviour patterns. 3.3.1. What term is given to line A showing shopping behaviour patterns? (1 x 1) (1) 3.3.2 Differentiate between the terms sphere of influence and range. (2 x 1) (2) 3.3.3 Explain why a city would have a higher sphere of influence than a town. (1x 2)(2) 3.3.4 Give an example from FIGURE 3.3 for each of the following: (a) alow order function that people will travel the shortest distance. (b) | ahigh order function that people will travel a longest distance. (2 x 1) (2) 3.3.5 Explain why people are not prepared to travel a greater distance for convenience goods. (1 x 2)(2) 3.3.6 The success of a business depends on the threshold population. (a) Determine the relationship between the threshold population and the order of service. (1 x 2) (2) (b) Explain the impact of locating a high order service in an area with a low threshold population. (2 x 2) (4) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Geoaraphv/P1 3.4 3.5 i) Refer to FIGURE 3.4 which shows street patterns. 3.4.1 3.4.2 3.4.3 Name street patterns labelled A, B and C. Describe TWO advantages of street pattern B. Refer to street pattern A. (a) | Why will this particular layout of street pattern be ideal for a low-cost housing area? (b) Street pattern A was historically common in the CBD. In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, explain why this layout of street pattern is not ideal for a modern-day city centre and discuss strategies town planners have utilized to manage the problems. Refer to FIGURE 3.5 an article on food security. 3.5.1 3.5.2 3.5.3 3.5.4 3.5.5 3.5.6 Define the term food security. Which sector of the South African economy could be most affected by the prevailing drought conditions? With reference to the article, give the main reason for the present drought condition in South Africa. Explain ONE way in which the current drought is impacting on food security in South Africa. With reference to the article, discuss ONE social factor that contributes to the negative impact of the drought on food security in the country. In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, suggest sustainable strategies that Agri SA could have suggested to the government to ensure food security in South Africa. Copyright Reserved Aaretes tipper sts oie a0 calaetetaterrrgia tre terip iat eet (3 x 1) (3) (2 x 1) (2) (2 x 1) (2) (4 x 2) (8) (1x 1)(1) (1x 1) (1) (1x 1) (1) (1 x 2) (2) (1 x 2) (2) (4 x 2) (8) Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 13 September 2020 Preparatory Examination NSC 3.6 Refer to FIGURE 3.6 showing South Africa’s four main industrial regions according to their industrial output. 3.6.1 Identify the industrial regions that has the largest and the smallest industrial output respectively. (2 x 1) (2) 3.6.2 (a) | Which industrial region does not have direct access to a harbour? (1x 1)(1) (b) | Mention TWO disadvantages for the industrial region mentioned in QUESTION 3.6.2 (a) not having direct access to a harbour. (2 x 2) (4) 3.6.3 Discuss TWO factors that favour the development of industrial activities in industrial region 1. (2 x 2) (4) 3.6.4 Discuss the importance of industrial activities to the economic development of South Africa. (2 x 2)(4) [75] Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

i Geoaran! hui 44 Rentemher 2980 Bese ceatn WOU QUESTION 4 4.1 Refer to FIGURE 4.1. Match the descriptions below with settlement A or B. Write only the letter A or B next to the question number (4.1.1 — 4.1.7) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 4.1.8 A. 4.1.1 The type of settlement that is mainly unifunctional. 4.1.2 The settlement with high density buildings. 4.1.3 These settlements include hamlets. 4.1.4 This settlement is associated with the extraction of raw materials from the natural environment. 4.1.5 This type of settlement will occupy a higher position in the urban hierarchical ranking order. 4.1.6 The settlement is dominated by secondary and tertiary activities. 4.1.7. This settlement relies on a central place for tertiary services. (7 x 1)(7) 4.2 Various options are provided as possible answers to the statements below. Read the statements carefully and choose only the letter (A - D) that best matches the statements. Write only the letter next to the question number (4.2.1 — 4.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 4.2.9 A. 4.2.1 The mineral mined at Richards Bay in KwaZulu-Natal is ... A gold. B titanium. Cc iron. D uranium. 4.2.2 The mineral that is often referred to as ‘black gold’ is ... A iron ore. B gold. Cc coal. D platinum. Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5 4.2.6 4.2.7 4.2.8 15 September 2020 Preparatory Examination non The energy generated from coal is ... nuclear energy. thermal energy. hydro-electricity biomass-energy ijwkekei 4 The company that generates fuels from coal is ... A Engen. B Caltex. Cc Sasol. D Shell. ... is a by-product resulting from production of coal that supplies link industries with raw materials. A Carbon dioxide B Sulphuric acid (e Briquettes D Benzene A physical factor that favours mining in South Africa is ... the availability of low cost labour. the availability of capital. ready markets. the low thermal gradient of rock layers. when Pr 2 An economic factor that hinders mining in South Africa is ... the lack of unskilled labour supply. the dependence on foreign markets. the lack of markets. the high amount of rainfall. 0OWDY ... is adding value to minerals and metals such as carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminium, platinum and gold through a variety of processes. Beneficiation Foreign exchange Nationalisation Global recession (8 x 1) (8) jeKens iP Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

NSC 4.3. Refer to FIGURE 4.3 which illustrates an urban land use model and answer the following questions. 4.3.1 Name the urban land use model in FIGURE 4.3. (1 x 1)(1) 4.3.2 Identify residential land use zones labelled A and B respectively. (2 x 1)(2) 4.3.3 Discuss ONE reason why urban land use models are important for modern urban development. (1 x 2) (2) 4.3.4 Evaluate ONE reason for locating zone B away from the industrial zone. (1 x 2) (2) 4.3.5 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines discuss how the model shown in FIGURE 4.3 shares similarities with most South African cities. (4 x 2) (8) 4.4 Refer to FIGURE 4.4 on land reform in South Africa. 4.4.1 Define the term land reform. (1 x 1) (1) 4.4.2 What is the meaning of “expropriation of land without compensation.” (1 x 1)(1) 4.4.3 Mention ONE factor cited in the article that posed a challenge to the success of land reform policy. (1 x 1) (1) 4.4.4 Why is the government drafting a new Expropriation Bill? (2 x 2) (4) 4.4.5 Explain why many land claimants (those that wanted their land back) settled for cash rather than land that was promised. (2 x 2) (4) 4.4.6 Discuss the support strategies that the President intends to put in place to ensure the success of the programme. (2 x 2) (4) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 Ah September 2020 Preparatory Examination 4.5 Refer to FIGURE 4.5 an extract on the Platinum Spatial Development Initiative (SDI). 4.5.1 Name the province in which the Platinum SDI was initiated. (1.x 1) (1) 4.5.2 Identify the TWO economic sectors that were responsible for starting this SDI. (2 x 1) (2) 4.5.3 Give a reason for the decline in the economic status of the municipalities in this region. (1 x 2) (2) 4.5.4 Explain the main aim of the Platinum SDI. (1 x 2) (2) 4.5.5 The Platinum SDI may have many positive spin-off effects in the future. In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, access how this investment initiative will benefit both the local people and the country as a whole. (4 x 2) (8) 4.6 Refer to FIGURE 4.6 on South Africa’s Energy Crisis. 4.6.1 Define the term load-shedding in terms of electricity. (1 x 1)(1) 4.6.2 Why has South Africa implemented load-shedding? (1 x 1)(1) 4.6.3 (a) | Which category, according to the statistics provided in FIGURE 4.6, uses the highest percentage of electricity? (1 x 1)(1) (b) | Give a reason evident in FIGURE 4.6 for your answer to QUESTION 4.6.3 (a). (1 x 2) (2) 4.6.4 What percentage off electricity is used by the primary sector in South Africa? (1 x 2)(2) 4.6.5 Explain how South Africa’s small businesses will be affected by load-shedding. (2 x 2) (4) 4.6.6 Discuss TWO possible initiatives that can be implemented by the small businesses to reduce their electricity usage. (2 x 2) (4) [75] TOTAL MARKS: 225 Copyright Reserved