2023 KZN Prelim P1 Memo hlayiso.com

Downloaded from Stanmorephysics.com NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 GEOGRAPHY P1 MARKING GUIDELINES PREPARATORY EXAMINATION SEPTEMBER 2023 MARKS: 150 This marking guideline consists of 9 pages. Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Downloaded from Stanmorephysics.com Geography P1 2 September 2023 Preparatory Examination NSC – Marking Guideline SECTION A QUESTION 1 1.1 1.1.1 winter ✓ 1.1.2 coastal low ✓ 1.1.3 from the interior of South Africa ✓ 1.1.4 dry ✓ 1.1.5 increase ✓ 1.1.6 greater ✓ 1.1.7 cold front is approaching ✓ (7 x 1) (7) 1.2 1.2.1 Z ✓ 1.2.2 Y ✓ 1.2.3 Y ✓ 1.2.4 Z ✓ 1.2.5 Y ✓ 1.2.6 Z ✓ 1.2.7 Z ✓ 1.2.8 Y ✓ (8 x 1) (8) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Downloaded from Stanmorephysics.com Geography P1 3 September 2023 Preparatory Examination NSC – Marking Guideline 1.3 1.3.1 West to east/Eastwards/ Easterly ✓(1 x 1) (1) 1.3.2 Driven by the Westerlies ✓✓ (1 x 2) (2) 1.3.3 Cold front ✓ Cumulonimbus✓ Cold air✓ DIAGRAM ✓ (a) Cloud cover ✓ (b) Air masses/cold/warm✓ (c) Fronts ✓ (4 x 1) (4) 1.3.4 Soil erosion results from heavy rains and damages the environment ✓✓ Flooding resulting from heavy rains disrupts ecosystems✓✓ High waves damage the coastline ✓✓ (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) 1.3.5 (a) As visibility is poor, minimize driving and remain indoors until weather clears ✓✓ Stay away from mountainous areas because of the danger from rock falls and slippery roads. ✓✓ Strong winds could make driving difficult for people with light vehicles ✓✓ (ANY ONE) (1 x 2) (2) (b) Do not venture out into open sea during frontal weather conditions. ✓✓ Secure fishing vessels to harbors and keep track of the weather on the media before attempting to go out. ✓✓ High waves/storm surges will pose a danger to small fishing vessels ✓✓ (ANY ONE) (1 x 2) (2) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Downloaded from Stanmorephysics.com Geography P1 4 September 2023 Preparatory Examination NSC – Marking Guideline 1.4 1.4.1 Wind gusts as high as 170 km/h✓✓ (1 x 2) (2) 1.4.2 (a) clockwise✓ (1 x 1) (1) (b) Calm conditions - Coriolis force deflects the converging winds away from the eye, causing a weak pressure gradient ✓✓ (1 x 2) (2) Cloud free - Descending air evaporates the moisture in the eye, causing the cloudless conditions ✓✓ (1 x 2) (2) 1.4.3 As Cheneso’s track changed to southeast it began to move to colder waters ✓✓ The cyclone moved below the 30o latitude, away from the tropics✓✓ Moisture supplies were reduced due to less evaporation✓✓ Evident in the tracking map where atmospheric pressure began to increase significantly, noted by the widely spaced isobars✓✓ Decreased pressure gradient resulted in a drop in wind speed✓✓ The eye began to become deformed and finally disappeared✓✓ (4 x 2) (8) [Any FOUR] 1.5 1.5.1 Moisture front is a zone that separtates two air masses with different moisture contents. ✓✓ [CONCEPT] (1 x 2) (2) 1.5.2 X - South westerlies✓ Y - North easterlies✓ (2 x 1) (2) 1.5.3 X✓ (1 x 1) (1) 1.5.4 Originates from over a cold ocean ✓✓ (1 x 2) (2) 1.5.5 The air is warm and moist toward the east ✓✓ Line Thunderstorms develop to the east of the moisture front due to uplift over the colder air from the west ✓✓ (2 x 2) (4) 1.5.6 Rainfall will fill dams for irrigation purposes✓✓ After flooding the soil will be naturally fertilized due to silt deposits ✓✓ Ground water will be revived ✓✓ Natural vegetation will grow well and contribute to be the feed for animals ✓✓ Growth of natural vegetation will prevent soil erosion✓✓ Increase in the habitat for fauna and flora✓✓ Biodiversity will increase ✓✓ Rainfall will fill natural water bodies providing a water source✓✓ (2 x 2) (4) (Any TWO) [60] Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Downloaded from Stanmorephysics.com Geography P1 5 September 2023 Preparatory Examination NSC – Marking Guideline QUESTION 2 2.1 2.1.1 Y ✓ 2.1.2 Z✓ 2.1.3 Z ✓ 2.1.4 Z✓ 2.1.5 Y✓ 2.1.6 Y ✓ 2.1.7 Y✓ 2.1.8 Z✓ (8 x 1) (8) 2.2 2.2.1 B ✓ 2.2.2 C ✓ 2.2.3 B ✓ 2.2.4 D ✓ 2.2.5 C ✓ 2.2.6 B ✓ 2.2.7 A ✓ (7 x 1) (7) 2.3 2.3.1 upper course ✓ (1 x 1) (1) 2.3.2 Softer rock is found below the hard resistant rock ✓✓ Water plunges over the hard resistant rock onto the softer rock ✓✓ Softer rock is being eroded quicker ✓✓ Undercutting of the softer rock causes an overhanging hard resistant layer ✓✓ (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) 2.3.3 Forms tourist attractions ✓✓ Used to generate hydro- electricity ✓✓ (2 x 2) (4) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Downloaded from Stanmorephysics.com Geography P1 6 September 2023 Preparatory Examination NSC – Marking Guideline 2.3.4 Boats cannot travel up and down rapids. ✓ Hard to build bridges across them. ✓ (ANY ONE) (1 x 2) (2) 2.3.5 Rapids form when the hard, resistant layer of rocks dips downstream. As erosion of soft rock takes place more hard rock is exposed creating rapids. ✓✓ The layers of soft rock erode quicker than the layers of hard rock. ✓✓ This makes the bed of the river uneven creating rough turbulent water. ✓✓ (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) 2.4 2.4.1 steeper gradient/river flowing at a lower level ✓ Greater rainfall ✓ Softer rock ✓ (ANY TWO) (2 x 1) (2) 2.4.2 Headward erosion ✓ (1 x 1) (1) 2.4.3 Erosive ability increase due to increased flow ✓ Flow faster/high velocity due to an increase in volume of water ✓ Entrenched meander✓ Valley within a valley/river terraces✓ Knickpoint/waterfall ✓ (2 x 1) (2) 2.4.4 River C eroded headwards into the watershed and lengthened its course ✓✓ Capture the headwaters of river B and diverted it into river A✓✓ resulting in river B having too little water for the valley within which it flows. ✓✓ (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) 2.4.5 Less water for irrigation of crops/livestock ✓✓ Reduced yields due to the lack of water ✓✓ Increase in costs to obtain sufficient water ✓✓ Reduced flooding decreases natural fertilization of soil ✓✓ Input costs to farm increases ✓✓ Farming no longer economically viable ✓✓ Loss of jobs as farming areas decline ✓✓ Poverty increases due to lack of crops to sell and access to food (food insecurity) ✓✓ Rural urban migration sets in✓✓ Lack of domestic water for farmers✓✓ (Any THREE) (3 x 2) (6) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Downloaded from Stanmorephysics.com Geography P1 7 September 2023 Preparatory Examination NSC – Marking Guideline 2.5 2.5.1 Escherichia coli ✓ (1 x 1) (1) 2.5.2 Chemicals ✓ Nutrients ✓ Litter ✓ Heavy metals ✓ Toxic substances ✓ Sewage✓ (ANY TWO) (2 x 1) (2) 2.5.3 To replace the ageing water infrastructure instead of patching leaks ✓✓ Include adequate funds when budgeting for replacement of ageing infrastructure (pipes etc.) ✓✓ Material used for infrastructure development should accommodate unusual weather conditions and accommodate for population growth/durable material✓✓ Proper utilization of funds✓✓ Employ qualified managerial staff to oversee and implement maintenance timeously ✓✓ Maintenance must be conducted on a regular basis ✓✓ (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) 2.5.4 Frequent monitoring of water quality needs to continue. ✓✓ Lack of accountability, delayed or no action and poor water governance should be investigated, addressed and improved upon. ✓✓ Public – private partnerships should be considered to address the continued sewage crisis. ✓✓ Create a buffer zone to prevent development too close to the river ✓✓ Implement legislation to discourage pollution of the river ✓✓ Educating farmers on sustainable farming methods ✓✓ Promote recycling of waste water before releasing back into the river. ✓✓ Fine those that break the rules ✓✓ Awareness campaigns, bill boards and poster ✓✓ (ANY FOUR) (4 x 2) (8) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Downloaded from Stanmorephysics.com Geography P1 8 September 2023 Preparatory Examination NSC – Marking Guideline SECTION B QUESTION 3 3.1 3.1.1 KwaZulu-Natal ✓ (1 x 1) (1) 3.1.2 A ✓ (1 x 1) (1) 3.1.3 D ✓ (1 x 1) (1) 3.1.4 Length 4,2 x 0,1 = 0,42 ✓ Range 0,41 – 0,43 Breadth 3,9 x 0,1 = 0,39 ✓ 0,38 – 0,40 Area = 0,42 km✓ x 0,39 km✓ = 0,1638 km2 ✓ (0,1558 – 0,172) (5 x 1) (5) 3.1.5 TB = 180o + 128o = 308o (307o – 309o) ✓ (1 x 1) (1) 3.1.6 MB = 308o + 25o 45' = 333o 45' west of true North Range 332o 45' to 334o 45'✓ (1 x 1) (1) 3.2 MAP INTERPRETATION 3.2.1 D ✓ (1 x 1) (1) 3.2.2 C ✓ (1 x 1) (1) 3.2.3 a) anabatic ✓ (1 x 1) (1) b) During the day the slopes are heated and the air that is in contact with the slopes is also heated and rises. ✓✓ (1 x 2) (2) c) The smoke released during the day into the lower atmosphere by industries located within the valley is carried away by the wind. ✓✓ (1 x 2) (2) 3.2.4 a) Northerly / northeast ✓ (1 x 1) (1) b) The river flows towards the dam wall indicated by an accumulation of water before the wall. ✓✓ (1 x 2) (2) 3.2.5 a) The contour lines are far apart. ✓✓ (1 x 2) (2) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Downloaded from Stanmorephysics.com Geography P1 9 September 2023 Preparatory Examination NSC – Marking Guideline 3.3.1 (a) raster ✓ (1 x 1) (1) (b) A✓ (1 x 1) (1) (c) The quality and detail of image A is clearer than image B ✓✓ Image A has a larger/greater number of pixels ✓✓ (ANY ONE) (1 x 2) (2) 3.3.2 (a) Data layering: maps showing different types of information are projected (placed) on top of one another. ✓✓ (1 x 2) (2) [CONCEPT] (b) The contour lines are far apart indicating gentle land which would promote the use of machinery on the farms increasing yields. ✓✓ (1 x 2) (2) GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over