Economics P1 Nov 2018 Eng_hlayiso.com_.pdf

Downloaded from hlayiso.com NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 ECONOMICS ECONOMICS PAPER P1 1 MACROECONOMICS & ECONOMIC PURSUITS NOVEMBER 2018 MARCH 2016 MARKS: 150 TIME: 2 hours This question paper consists of 12 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Economics/P1 2 DBE/November 2018 NSC INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. Answer FOUR questions as follows in the ANSWER BOOK: SECTION A: COMPULSORY SECTION B: Answer TWO of the three questions. SECTION C: Answer ONE of the two questions. 2. Answer only the required number of questions. Answers in excess of the required number will NOT be marked. 3. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. 4. Write the question number above each answer. 5. Read the questions carefully. 6. Start EACH question on a NEW page. 7. Leave 2–3 lines between subsections of questions. 8. Answer the questions in full sentences and ensure that the format, content and context of your responses comply with the cognitive requirements of the questions. 9. Use only black or blue ink. 10. You may use a non-programmable pocket calculator. 11. Write neatly and legibly. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Economics/P1 3 DBE/November 2018 NSC SECTION A (COMPULSORY) QUESTION 1 30 MARKS – 20 MINUTES 1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.1.9 D. 1.1.1 An open economy is best described as a … sector economy. A one B two C three D four 1.1.2 Investment is an example of a/an ... in the circular flow model. A leakage B injection C withdrawal D loss 1.1.3 Fiscal policy is an action taken by government in respect of taxation and ... to influence economic activity. A exchange control B money supply C expenditure D credit control 1.1.4 Economies of scale are associated with … A mass production. B limited output. C long-term average cost increases. D increased wastage. 1.1.5 Production by the citizens of a country, locally and abroad, is called the … product. A gross national B gross domestic C net national D net domestic 1.1.6 A physically enclosed area next to a harbour or airport where production for exports is encouraged through incentives, is known as the … A spatial development initiatives. B industrial development zone. C special economic zone. D foreign investment grant. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Economics/P1 4 DBE/November 2018 NSC 1.1.7 The comparison of a country's export prices with import prices by means of indexes is referred to as the … A exchange rate. B conditions of trade. C terms of trade. D inflation rate. 1.1.8 Economic development is measured in terms of the … A per capita gross domestic product. B increase in the productive capacity. C nominal gross domestic product. D money supply. (8 x 2) (16) 1.2 Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches the item in COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–I) next to the question numbers (1.2.1 to 1.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK. COLUMN A COLUMN B 1.2.1 Nationalisation A number of years a person will live after birth 1.2.2 Medium-term B persuasion of banks by the South African expenditure Reserve Bank (SARB) framework C indicator used to measure the change in the 1.2.3 System of national price of goods produced locally when it accounts leaves the factory floor 1.2.4 Money flows D measures income inequality and wealth 1.2.5 Protectionism E movement of income and expenditure between participants in the economy 1.2.6 Gini coefficient F shows income and expenditure estimates 1.2.7 Life expectancy for a three-year period 1.2.8 Production price G prescribed by the United Nations to compile index gross domestic product figures H trade policy that tries to keep the domestic economy safe by restricting the import of goods and services I transfer of functions and ownership of entities from the private to the public sector (8 x 1) (8) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Economics/P1 5 DBE/November 2018 NSC 1.3 Give ONE term for EACH of the following descriptions. Write only the term next to the question numbers (1.3.1 to 1.3.6) in the ANSWER BOOK. Abbreviations, acronyms and examples will NOT be accepted. 1.3.1 A systematic record of all trade and financial transactions between one country and other countries for a particular period of time 1.3.2 Money paid by the government to a person/institution without any counterperformance 1.3.3 When a product is sold on a foreign market at a price that is lower than the cost of production in the country of origin 1.3.4 Increase in the productive capacity of a country 1.3.5 The rate at which commercial banks borrow money from the South African Reserve Bank 1.3.6 The policy that aims to stabilise prices by combating inflation (6 x 1) (6) TOTAL SECTION A: 30 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Economics/P1 6 DBE/November 2018 NSC SECTION B Answer any TWO of the three questions in this section in the ANSWER BOOK. QUESTION 2: MACROECONOMICS 40 MARKS – 30 MINUTES 2.1 Answer the following questions. 2.1.1 Name the TWO financial markets in the circular-flow model. (2 x 1) (2) 2.1.2 What effect will a decrease in income levels have on international trade? (1 x 2) (2) 2.2 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow. EXCHANGE RATES – THE RAND IS AT THE MERCY OF THE MARKET D1 S D Price of US dollar in rand R14 R13 D1 S D Q1 Q2 Quantity of US dollars 2.2.1 Identify the exchange rate system in the graph above. (1) 2.2.2 What was the original rand/dollar exchange rate before the demand for US dollars increased? (1) 2.2.3 Briefly describe the term exchange rate. (2) 2.2.4 How has the increased demand for US dollars affected the value of the rand? (2) 2.2.5 What could the South African Reserve bank do to strengthen the value of the rand against the dollar? (2 x 2) (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Economics/P1 7 DBE/November 2018 NSC 2.3 Study the table below and answer the questions that follow. NATIONAL ACCOUNT AGGREGATES – SOUTH AFRICA SUMMARY OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT R million (AT CURRENT PRICES) 2016 Compensation of employees 2 051 326 Net operating surplus 1 130 210 Consumption of fixed capital 613 605 Gross value added at factor cost 3 795 141 Other taxes on production 86 008 Other subsidies on production 9 935 Gross value added at basic prices 3 871 214 Taxes on products 484 059 Subsidies on products 16 415 Gross domestic product at market prices (A)? [Source: Quarterly Bulletin SARB, June 2017] 2.3.1 Identify the factor of production in the table above that receives the biggest portion of the national income. (1) 2.3.2 Which method was used to calculate the figures above? (1) 2.3.3 Briefly describe the term basic prices. (2) 2.3.4 Briefly explain how subsidies can influence production. (2) 2.3.5 Calculate the gross domestic product at market prices (A). Show ALL calculations. (4) 2.4 Briefly discuss pricing policy and parastatals as problems of public sector provisioning. (2 x 4) (8) 2.5 Calculate the change in aggregate income if there is an injection of R20 billion into the economy with a marginal propensity to save of 0,3. Show how the multiplier effect could influence the government to create more jobs. Show ALL calculations. (8) [40] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Economics/P1 8 DBE/November 2018 NSC QUESTION 3: ECONOMIC PURSUITS 40 MARKS – 30 MINUTES 3.1 Answer the following questions. 3.1.1 Name any TWO redress policies that South Africa has used since 1994. (2 x 1) (2) 3.1.2 What effect will increased urbanisation have on the economy? (1 x 2) (2) 3.2 Study the cartoon below and answer the questions that follow. NORTH-SOUTH DIVIDE I wish I could process everything before I export … NORTH SOUTH Exporting most of the agricultural produce in their natural form is not beneficial to a country. [Adapted from www.wikipedia, 2016] 3.2.1 Name any ONE agricultural product exported to countries in the north. (1) 3.2.2 Give any reason for the poor economic conditions of the countries in the south. (1) 3.2.3 Briefly describe the term North-South divide. (2) 3.2.4 Explain standards of living of countries in the Northern Hemisphere. (2) 3.2.5 What positive impact will globalisation have on the North-South divide? (2 x 2) (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Economics/P1 9 DBE/November 2018 NSC 3.3 Study the extract below and answer the questions that follow. SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA Small, medium and microenterprises are the engines of growth in South Africa, and contribute between 52% and 57% of the GDP. It provides 60% of all jobs, compared to the corporate and public sectors combined. The government provides training, employment subsidies and financing to SMMEs. [Adapted from Stats SA Quarterly Labour Force Survey, 2016] 3.3.1 What positive effect could small business development have on markets? (1) 3.3.2 Why is it important that the government provides financial aid to SMMEs? (1) 3.3.3 Briefly describe the term economically active population. (2) 3.3.4 Briefly explain how the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) supports small business development in South Africa. (2) 3.3.5 How can the establishment of more SMMEs be promoted in South Africa? (2 x 2) (4) 3.4 How can the Critical Infrastructure Programme (CIP) and the Foreign Investment Grant (FIG) improve industrial development in South Africa? (2 x 4) (8) 3.5 Evaluate the potential success of special economic zones in South Africa. (8) [40] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Economics/P1 10 DBE/November 2018 NSC QUESTION 4: MACROECONOMICS AND ECONOMIC PURSUITS 40 MARKS – 30 MINUTES 4.1 Answer the following questions. 4.1.1 Give any TWO examples of production indicators. (2 x 1) (2) 4.1.2 Why do developed countries favour the idea of free trade? (1 x 2) (2) 4.2 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow. (bn) R200 R175 R150 Tax revenue R100 0 10 20 45 65 100 Tax rate % 4.2.1 Identify the curve in the graph above. (1) 4.2.2 At what tax rate will government revenue be maximised? (1) 4.2.3 How much revenue will the government receive if the tax rate is 100%? (2) 4.2.4 What effect will a decrease in the tax rate from 65% to 45% have on tax revenue? (2) 4.2.5 What consequences could a 1% VAT increase have on the different role players in the South African economy? (2 x 2) (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Economics/P1 11 DBE/November 2018 NSC 4.3 Study the bar graph below and answer the questions that follow. GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT – AN ECONOMIC INDICATOR HOW DID SOUTH AFRICAN INDUSTRIES PERFORM IN THE FIRST QUARTER OF 2017? Industry growth in the first quarter of 2017, compared to the first quarter of 2016* Agriculture Mining Personal services Government Finance Construction Transport Manufacturing Electricity Trade *Seasonally adjusted and annualised [Adapted from Stats SA GDP, 2017] 4.3.1 Which figure indicates that the GDP growth rate was not satisfactory? (1) 4.3.2 Identify the sector that contributed least to the GDP above. (1) 4.3.3 Give a reason why trade performed so poorly in respect of the total GDP. (2) 4.3.4 Why are only real GDP figures used to compare economic production that occurred in different years? (2) 4.3.5 What can the South African government do to ensure a better economic growth performance? (2 x 2) (4) 4.4 Briefly discuss health as a social indicator. (4 x 2) (8) 4.5 How can developing countries ensure the survival of labour-intensive industries in a global economy? (8) [40] TOTAL SECTION B: 80 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Economics/P1 12 DBE/November 2018 NSC SECTION C Answer any ONE of the two questions in this section in the ANSWER BOOK. Ensure that your answer follows the structure indicated below in order to obtain maximum marks: MARK STRUCTURE OF ESSAY ALLOCATION Introduction The introduction is a lower-order response. Max. 2 • A good starting point would be to define the main concept related to the question topic. • Do not include any part of the question in your introduction. • Do not repeat any part of the introduction in the body. • Avoid mentioning in the introduction what you are going to discuss in the body. Body Main part: Discuss in detail/In-depth discussion/Examine/Critically discuss/ Max. 26 Analyse/Compare/Evaluate/Distinguish/Differentiate/Explain Additional part: Give own opinion/Critically discuss/Evaluate/Critically evaluate/ Draw a graph and explain/Use the graph given and explain/Complete the given Max. 10 graph/Calculate/Deduce/Compare/Explain/Distinguish/Interpret/Briefly debate/ How/Suggest Conclusion Any higher-order conclusion should include: Max. 2 • A brief summary of what has been discussed without repeating facts already mentioned • Any opinion or value judgement on the facts discussed • Additional support information to strengthen the discussion/analysis • A contradictory viewpoint with motivation, if required • Recommendations TOTAL 40 QUESTION 5: MACROECONOMICS 40 MARKS – 40 MINUTES • Discuss ALL the features underpinning the forecasting of business cycles, excluding the economic indicators. (26 marks) • Why is price stability important to prevent extreme fluctuations in business cycles? (10 marks) [40] QUESTION 6: ECONOMIC PURSUITS 40 MARKS – 40 MINUTES • Discuss the demand-side approach in promoting economic growth. (26 marks) • Evaluate the success of the expanded public works programme to reduce poverty and unemployment. (10 marks) [40] TOTAL SECTION C: 40 GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved