Agricultural Sciences Grade 12 P1 North West June 2024 QP (Eng)

PROVINCIAL ASSESSMENT GRADE 12 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES JUNE 2024 MARKING GUIDELINES MARKS: 150 These marking guidelines consist of 10 pages and the cognitive grid. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Agricultural Sciences 2 NW/June 2024 Grade 12 - Marking Guidelines SECTION A QUESTION 1: 1.1 1.1.1 A  1.1.2 C  1.1.3 C  1.1.4 B  1.1.5 C  1.1.6 A  1.1.7 D  1.1.8 D  1.1.9 B  1.1.10 D  (10 x 2) (20) 1.2 1.2.1 B Only  1.2.2 A Only  1.2.3 None  1.2.4 Both A and B  1.2.5 A Only  (5 x 2) (10) 1.3 1.3.1 Bolus/cud  1.3.2 Broilers  1.3.3 Vas Deferens/Sperm duct  1.3.4 Ejaculation  1.3.5 Pedometer  (5 x 2) (10) 1.4 1.4.1 Amylase  1.4.2 Milking shed/stall/parlour  1.4.3 Amnion  1.4.4 Dystocia  1.4.5 Therapeutic  (5 x 1) (5) TOTAL SECTION A: 45 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Agricultural Sciences 3 NW/June 2024 Grade 12 - Marking Guidelines SECTION B QUESTION 2: ANIMAL NUTRITION 2.1 Alimentary canal of a farm animal 2.1.1 Classification of farm animals DIAGRAM A - Non-ruminant  (1) DIAGRAM C - Ruminant  (1) 2.1.2 Reason for each classification DIAGRAM A - It has a simple stomach/ventriculus/proventriculus  (1) DIAGRAM C - It has a complex/compound stomach  (1) 2.1.3 The age group of the animal in DIAGRAM C Young ruminant/calf/3 months or younger  (1) 2.1.4 ONE reason visible for the age  Presence of oesophageal groove   Underdeveloped rumen/reticulum/omasum/forestomachs   Very large abomasum  (Any 1) (1) 2.1.5 Identification of the LETTER where pepsin is secreted DIAGRAM A - B  (1) DIAGRAM C - E  (1) 2.2 Indication of animal feeds (a) Oilcake meal  (1) (b) Maize meal  (1) (c) Dried hay  (1) (d) Green Lucerne  (1) 2.3 Feed composition 2.3.1 Classification of feeds Feed A - Concentrate  (1) Feed B - Roughage  (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Agricultural Sciences 4 NW/June 2024 Grade 12 - Marking Guidelines 2.3.2 Calculation of the nutritive ratio of FEED A Calculation of DNNN = TDN (12,5 + 6,0 + 60 + 1,5 = 80%) 80 – 12,5 = 67,5%  Nutritive Ratio = 1 : % digestible non-nitrogen nutrients  % digestible protein 1: 67,5%  12,5% 1: 5,4  OR Calculation of DNNN = TDN (12,5 + 6,0 + 60 + 1,5 = 80%)  Nutritive Ratio = 1 : TDN% – DP%  DP% 1 : 80% –12,5%  12,5% 1 : 5,4  (4) 2.3.3 A purpose for feed • Growth  • Production  • Reproduction  • Work  (Any 1) (1) 2.3.4 Justify NR is narrow/ 1:6/more protein for growth  (1) 2.4 Process in the alimentary canal 2.4.1 Identification of the process Absorption of food  (1) 2.4.2 The part where absorption occurs Small intestine  (1) 2.4.3 Identification of the type of nutrient transport A - Passive transport  (1) B - Active absorption  (1) 2.4.4 Reason for the type of transport A/Active transport - Nutrients move against concentration gradient/ from a low to a high concentration  (1) B/Passive absorption - Nutrients move along concentration gradient/ from a high to a low concentration  (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Agricultural Sciences 5 NW/June 2024 Grade 12 - Marking Guidelines 2.4.5 The nutrient absorbed (a) Blood capillaries  Digested protein   Carbohydrates   Amino acids   Glucose   Vitamins   Minerals  (Any 1) (1) (b) Lacteal  Digested fats   Glycerol and fatty acids  (Any 1) (1) 2.5 Feed flow programme 2.5.1 Identification of the month for reducing animals June  (1) 2.5.2 Reason Supplementary requirement for the animal daily is higher than other months  (1) 2.5.3 TWO sustainable actions  Cutting fodder during the rainy season/making hay   Storage of fodder for the dry season   Stock reduction  (Any 2) (2) 2.5.4 Calculation of feed available in tons during February 800 kg/ha x 14 ha  = 11 200 kg  1 000 = 11,2 tons  (3) [35] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Agricultural Sciences 6 NW/June 2024 Grade 12 - Marking Guidelines QUESTION 3: ANIMAL PRODUCTION, PROTECTION AND CONTROL 3.1 Graph on live weight over a period of 5 weeks 3.1.1 Deduction of the trend of live weight As the weeks increase  the live weight remains the same  (2) 3.1.2 Line graph Live weight of broilers and layers over a five week period 350 broiler layer 300 Live weight (g) 250 200 150 100 50 0 1 2 3 4 5 Time (Weeks) CRITERIA/RUBRIC/MARKING GUIDELINE  Correct heading (indicating both variables)   X - axis: Correctly calibrated and labelled (Weeks)   Y - axis: Correctly calibrated and labelled (Live weight)   Line graph   Correct units (g)   Accuracy (80% correctly plotted)  (6) 3.2 Scenario on farming systems 3.2.1 Identification of the farming systems practised Farmer A - Commercial farming  (1) Farmer B - Subsistence farming  (1) 3.2.2 Justification Farmer A - Produces on a large scale/sells the produce for profit  (1) Farmer B - Produce to sustain the family  (1) 3.2.3 Farming system with the highest negative impact to the environmental - Commercial farming  (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Agricultural Sciences 7 NW/June 2024 Grade 12 - Marking Guidelines 3.2.4 ONE environmental effect  Farmer A produces 1 220 tons of manure per year   Produce methane gass as a by-product of ruminant digestion  (Any 1) (1) 3.3 Apparatus used for a management practice in sheep production 3.3.1 Identification of apparatus Elastrator  (1) 3.3.2 Function of apparatus with sheep Tail docking/castration  (1) 3.3.3 ONE reason why apparatus is preferred  Easy to use/fast   Cheap   Bloodless method   Hygienic method  (Any 1) (1) 3.3.4 Age group where it is performed Young as possible/before day 7 after birth  (1) 3.3.5 Justify  Animals are easier to handle/smaller   Less tissue damage/blood/animals recover quicker   Less stress on animals/personnel  (Any 1) (1) 3.3.6 ONE other apparatus that can be used  Knife/Scalpel   Burdizzo   Electrical hot knife/blade  (Any 1) (1) 3.4 Diseases in farm animals 3.4.1 Complete table A - Bacteria/Bacterium  (1) B - Cattle/Sheep/Goat  (1) C - Protozoa/Protozoan  (1) D - Lumpy wool  (1) 3.4.2 Disease affecting only dairy cows Mastitis  (1) 3.4.3 TWO management practices used to prevent red water  Inoculation/vaccination/immunisation   Dipping to control ticks   Move animals/veld management/rotational grazing/ burning of the veld  (Any 2) (2) 3.4.4 Farm animal susceptible to mastitis Lactating dairy cattle/cow/female animal  (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Agricultural Sciences 8 NW/June 2024 Grade 12 - Marking Guidelines 3.5 Poisonous plants 3.5.1 Common name for these plants Poisonous/toxic plants  (1) 3.5.2 Farm animal mainly affected by poison leaf Cattle  (1) 3.5.3 TWO other poisonous plants  Maize fungus   Thorn apple   Poisonous bulb  (Any 2) (2) 3.5.4 TWO types of sheep most susceptible for poisonous plants  Exotic breeds   Young animals/lambs   Old animals   Pregnant animals  (Any 2) (2) 3.5.5 Protein substitute for ruminants Urea  (1) [35] QUESTION 4: ANIMAL REPRODUCTION 4.1 Reproductive systems 4.1.1 Identification of the letter (a) D (1) (b) C (1) (c) E (1) (d) A (1) 4.1.2 Congenital defect in males and females causing sterility Hypoplasia  (1) 4.1.3 TWO hormones responsible for ovulation  Luteinizing hormone   Oestrogen hormone  (2) 4.2 TWO senses regulating mating behaviour in bull  Smell   Sight   Touch/tactile  (Any 2) (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Agricultural Sciences 9 NW/June 2024 Grade 12 - Marking Guidelines 4.3 Artificial Insemination 4.3.1 Chronological order of the steps during AI  Semen harvesting  (1)  Semen examination  (1)  Semen dilution  (1)  Heat detention  (1)  Placing of semen into the reproductive tract of a cow  (1) 4.3.2 TWO economic benefits of AI for the farmer  More female animals can be fertilized by superior male animals   It is a quick and economic way of improving the herd   Commercial value of herd is improved   No need to buy a bull   Higher conception rate  (Any 2) (2) 4.3.3 Other scientific technique to improve production rate  Embryo flushing   Embryo transfer  (Any 1) (1) 4.4 Cloning 4.4.1 Identification of the process Cloning/Nuclear transfer  (1) 4.4.2 Letter of the sheep that is identical to a cloned sheep Sheep A  (1) 4.4.3 Letter of the sheep that will be a surrogate E (1) 4.4.4 The processes at C Enucleation  (1) 4.4.5 TWO aims of the cloning  To produce large number of genetically identical animals   To produce offspring from high quality animals   To preserve superior genetics   To increase the number of endangered species  (Any 2) (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Agricultural Sciences 10 NW/June 2024 Grade 12 - Marking Guidelines 4.5 Gestation stages 4.5.1 Identification of the process Fertilisation  (1) 4.5.2 The stage of pregnancy at A Ovum stage  (1) 4.5.3 The structure that develops to feed the calf at C The udder  (1) 4.5.4 TWO systems developing at B  Respiratory system   Digestive system   Uro-genital and vascular system   Central nervous system  (Any 2) (2) 4.5.5 TWO reasons for abortion  Hormonal or metabolic abnormalities   Malnutrition   Trauma and injuries   Poisoning   Infections   Allergies and twinning   Genetic/chromosomal defects  (Any 2) (2) 4.6 Parturition 4.6.1 The type of presentation (a) Anterior presentation  (1) (b) Posterior presentation  (1) 4.6.2 Presentation that will need veterinary assistance Posterior presentation  (1) 4.6.3 TWO problems causing difficult birth  Deviation of head   Flection of the elbow   Retention of one or both forelegs   Congenital defects/deformities   Twins  (Any 2) (2) [35] TOTAL SECTION B: 105 GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved Please turn over