Consumer Studies Grade 12 NSC November 2025 Memo

GRAAD 12 NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 CONSUMER STUDIES NOVEMBER 2025 MARKING GUIDELINES MARKS: 200 These marking guidelines consist of 20 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 2 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines SECTION A: SHORT QUESTIONS QUESTION 1 1.1 1.1.1 A Remembering, moderate (Focus, p.171; Successful, p.191) (1) 1.1.2 C Understanding, easy (Focus, p.141,174; Successful, p.193) (1) 1.1.3 D Understanding, easy (Focus, p.157; Successful, p.174) (1) 1.1.4 B Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.166; Successful, p.184) (1) 1.1.5 D Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.164-165; Successful, p.182) (1) 1.1.6 C Remembering, moderate (Focus, p.90; Successful, p.106–107) (1) 1.1.7 D Remembering, easy (Focus, p.94; Successful, p.113–114) (1) 1.1.8 C Remembering, easy (Focus, p.74; Successful, p.83) (1) 1.1.9 B Understanding, easy (Focus, p.103; Successful, p.123) (1) 1.1.10 A Remembering, easy (Focus, p.104; Successful, p.125) (1) 1.1.11 B Understanding, easy (Focus, p.54; Successful, p.57) (1) 1.1.12 B Applying, moderate (Grade 11) (1) 1.1.13 C Remembering, easy (Focus, p.49; Successful, p.51) (1) 1.1.14 A Remembering, easy (Focus, p.119; Successful, p.139) (1) 1.1.15 D Understanding, easy (Focus, p.148; Successful, p.162) (1) 1.1.16 B Understanding, easy (Focus, p.30-31; Successful, p.30) (1) 1.1.17 B Remembering, easy (Focus, p.19; Successful, p.23) (1) 1.1.18 A Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.35; Successful, p.35) (1) 1.1.19 D Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.8; Successful, p.11) (1) 1.1.20 A Remembering, moderate (Focus, p.40; Successful, p.42) (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 3 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 1.2 1.2.1 Antioxidants 1.2.2 Stabilisers/ emulsifiers 1.2.3 (Chemical) preservatives 1.2.4 Bleaches/ colourants (4) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.93–94; Successful, p.113–114) 1.3 A C E (Any order) (3) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.64; Successful, p.72) 1.4 1.4.1 D 1.4.2 C 1.4.3 E 1.4.4 B 1.4.5 F (5) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.155, 156, 158,161,162; Successful, p.169, 173, 175–179) 1.5 A C F H (Any order) (4) Understanding, difficult (Focus, p.16; Successful, p.24) 1.6 1.6.1 Levy 1.6.2 Rent 1.6.3 (Homeowner's comprehensive) insurance 1.6.4 Rates/ property taxes/ services fees (4) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.117, 122, 127,128; Successful, p.137, 139, 140, 145) [40] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 4 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines SECTION B: LONG QUESTIONS QUESTION 2: THE CONSUMER 2.1 Define the following terms: 2.1.1 Consumer Price Index (CPI) The consumer price index (CPI) measures/ calculates/ determines✓1 the change in the price of a group of products and services✓2 over a specific period/ 12 months.✓3 (Any 2) (2) Remembering, easy (Focus, page 167; Successful, page 185) 2.1.2 Pay as you earn (PAYE) It is tax deducted from an employee's✓1 salary on a monthly basis/ at the same time his/ her income is earned.✓2 (2) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.163; Successful, p.181) 2.2 Name the body that is responsible for setting the repo rate. (South African) Reserve Bank (SARB).✓ (1) Remembering, moderate (Focus, p.166; Successful, p.184) 2.3 Name THREE basic services that are provided by municipalities. • Electricity✓1 • Water✓2 • Sanitation/ sewage collection✓3 • Refuse/ waste removal✓4 (Any 3) (3) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.183; Successful, p.202) 2.4 Name TWO types of credit contracts in which goods and services are bought and paid for later. • Mortgage bonds✓1 • Bank loans/ loans from financial institutions✓2 • Instalment sale/ hire purchase✓3 • Store credit accounts/ store card✓4 • Credit card✓5 (Any 2) (2) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.155-156; Successful, p.170–172) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 5 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 2.5 State TWO ways to reduce the consumption of electricity when drying clothes. •Hang washing out to dry instead of using a tumble dryer.✓1 •Dripping wet clothes must not be tumble dried/ wring out clothes before tumble drying✓2 because they will take longer to dry. • Use the correct temperature setting on a tumble dryer to minimize the amount of electricity used.✓3 • Only use the tumble dryer when there is a full load.✓4 • Use an energy efficient tumble dryer with an A rating.✓5 • You can avoid ironing clothes by removing clothing promptly from the tumble dryer and folding it carefully.✓6 • Ensure that rubber seals are intact to prevent heat from escaping.✓7 • Clean filters regularly to reduce drying time.✓8 • Do not overload the tumble dryer.✓9 • Use a gas tumble dryer.✓10 (Any 2) (2) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.174; Successful, p.193–194) 2.6 Explain why compound interest is beneficial for investments/ savings. • In compound interest, interest is earned on the original/ principal investment/ savings/ amount1 and the interest already earned.2 • Money grows faster3 over a short period of time. • It is a better long-term choice because it gives higher returns.4 (Any 2) (2) Understanding, easy (Focus p.166; Successful p.184) 2.7 Explain why it is advantageous for a consumer to buy a product that has a warranty/ guarantee. •It assures a consumer that a product will meet the quality/ durability/ standards1 and remain in working order2 for a particular length of time.3 • It ensures that a product will be repaired4 if it has any defects without the cost to the consumer.5 • Warranty/ guarantee promises that product will be replaced6 if the product is not in working order7 within a given period of time. • It allows for the consumer to be refunded8 if the product does not satisfy the terms agreed upon.9 • It safe guards the consumer against any loss.10 (Any 4) (4) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.158; Successful, p.175) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 6 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 2.8 2.8.1 Identify the type of scam that is represented in the SMS above. Lottery/ prize notification scam.✓ (1) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.159; Successful, p.177) 2.8.2 Explain why the above SMS is regarded as a scam. •Alex received an SMS stating that he won a lottery jackpot.✓1 •It required Alex to provide his personal details.✓2 •Alex must pay a processing fee of $200 to claim the price.✓3 •The SMS stated that 'Don't miss out on this amazing opportunity' even though it stated that he/she has already won the lottery.✓4 • There is a spelling error (clam) on the SMS indicating that it is not legitimate.✓5 • It sounds too good to be true.✓6 • Alex might not have entered the lottery jackpot.✓7 • There are no contact details/ name of lottery is not provided.✓8 • A lotto ticket is claimed on site and a SMS is not sent to the winner/ Alex.✓9 (Any 4) (4) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.159; Successful, p.177) 2.9 Differentiate between the inflation rate and the interest rate. •Inflation rate is the average percentage increase1 in prices of goods and services in a year/ annually2 which is based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI).3 • Interest rate is the rate at which borrowers pay interest4 for the money they borrowed5 from financial institutions. It is charged on a month to month basis.✓6 • The interest rate is also the rate at which consumers receive interest on their investments/ savings.7 • Interest rate is determined by the repo rate.✓8 (Any 4) (4) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.166-168; Successful, p.184–185) NOTE: Candidate must refer to both inflation rate and interest rate to be awarded 4 marks. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 7 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 2.10 Explain the causes of the continuous increase in prices. • The increase in the price of electricity✓1 caused manufactures and sellers to increase their prices to cover the increased electricity costs.✓2 • The prices of raw materials increase✓3 causing the selling prices to increase. • An increase in the cost of fuel/ transportation✓4 would also contribute to price increases. • The manufactures/ businesses increased salaries/ wages✓5 and rental increases.✓6 cost the businesses more money/ increasing the overhead costs✓7 and the cost of the increases are added✓8 to the price of goods and services. • Strikes/ protest actions/ riots/ wars can cause prices to increase.✓9 • Loadshedding/ watershedding may also cause prices to increase.✓10 • The increase in the interest rate✓11 would have cost businesses that has debt more money to pay off✓12 the debt. • An increase in the inflation rate✓13 also caused prices to increase. • If the government prints more money without security/ spend more than it receives.✓14 • The increase in levies/ sugar tax/ sin tax/ fuel tax/ import duties/ exchange rate✓15 also caused an increase in the price of goods and services. • Floods/ drought✓16 could have impacted local farms resulting in low crop yield✓17 which increased prices. (Any 5) (5) Analysing, difficult (Focus, p.164–168; Successful, p.182, 184, 185) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 8 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 2.11 Both communities and municipalities have a responsibility towards combating the problem. Validate the above statement. Municipalities must … • collect the rubbish/ waste regularly1 from the community. • build/ maintain/ manage landfill sites2 for the refuse collected. • encourage communities to recycle3 waste that is recyclable like glass/ paper/ plastic/ cardboard.4 • provide recycling areas.5 • put up ‘no dumping’ signs/ boards/ notifications and ensure there are consequences/ fines6 for illegal dumping. • provide wheely bins/ trash bags7 so that animals cannot destroy black bags before they are collected. • use rates and taxes responsibly to ensure that rubbish is collected.✓8 Communities must … • throw away their rubbish in a responsible manner,9 and not litter.10 • pay rates and taxes11 so that municipalities can have funds to collect waste.12 • recycle13 their waste like paper/ plastic/ glass/ cardboard instead of throwing it away. • put their bins out on collection days.14 • organise community clean up campaigns.15 • communities must submit recommendations and complaints about rubbish that is not collected/ removed to the municipality in writing.16 • report illegal dumping to the municipality.17 • attend council meetings18 to show support or stay informed of what the municipality is doing with regards to refuse removal.19 (Any 8) (8) Analysing, moderate (Focus, p.183, 185; Successful, p.203, 205) NOTE: Candidate must refer to both municipalities and communities to be awarded full marks. [40] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 9 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 3: FOOD AND NUTRITION 3.1 Define the following terms: 3.1.1 Cholesterol It is a soft/ white,1 waxy/ fatty substance2 that occurs naturally in the blood/ is a component of body cells/ hormones3 and is produced in the liver and body cells.4 (Any 3) (3) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.74; Successful, p.84) 3.1.2 Food security It is the ability of individuals to obtain/ access sufficient/ enough/ adequate,1 nutritious2 food that is safe3 on a daily basis4 to maintain a healthy/ active lifestyle.5 (Any 3) (3) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.106; Successful, p.128) 3.1.3 Organic foods Organic foods are grown in an environmentally friendly way/ using traditional/ natural farming methods1 without the use of pesticides/ herbicides/ chemicals/ fertilisers.2 (2) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.104; Successful, p.125) 3.2 List the information found on a food label that could assist in preventing food poisoning. • Date stamp/ markings1 (used by/ best before) • Ingredients2 • Storage instructions3 • Cooking/ heating instructions4 (Any 3) (3) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.97; Successful, p.117) 3.3 Write a paragraph to discuss the difference between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. HDL is the good1 cholesterol. It gathers up excess cholesterol2 and removes some cholesterol already deposited on the artery walls3 and transports it to the liver where it is broken down to be excreted.4 It lowers the risk of heart disease.5 It is increased by exercising.6 LDL is the bad/ dangerous7 cholesterol. It builds up in the arteries8 causing the gradual narrowing9 of the blood vessels. It contributes to heart disease.10 It is increased by saturated/ trans fatty acid.11 (Any 6) (6) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.74; Successful, p.84) NOTE: Candidates must refer to both HDL and LDL to be awarded full marks. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 10 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 3.4 Discuss how hepatitis A can be transmitted in the food environment. • Transmission can occur when an infected person does not wash his/ her hands1 after using the toilet2 and then touches food/ drinks.3 • Poor sanitation may also lead to the transmission of Hepatitis A.4 • Hepatitis A can spread when an uninfected or unvaccinated person5 eats or drinks food that was contaminated by the faeces6 of an infected person. • It can also spread through contaminated food/ water.7 (Any 3) (3) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.89; Successful, p.103) 3.5 Explain the advantages of the irradiation of fruit and vegetables. •Delays the ripening of fruit.1 •Reduces loses during transportation and storage.2 •Controls the sprouting of onions, garlic and potatoes.3 •Delays the greening of potatoes.4 •Increases/ extends the shelf life of fruit and vegetables.5 •Destroys insects in/ on tropical fruit that are imported/ exported.6 •It destroys harmful organisms thus preventing food-borne diseases. 7 (Any 4) (4) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.105; Successful, p.127) 3.6 Explain how anaemia can be prevented and managed by vegetarians • They must eat sufficient quantities of foods that are rich in iron1 and folic acid.2 • Other sources of iron/ folic acid are fish/ wholegrain cereals/ legumes/ green leafy vegetables.3 • They must also eat foods that contain vitamin C/ ascorbic acid4 such as dark leafy vegetables/ berries/ citrus fruit/ tomatoes5 because it promotes the absorption of iron.6 • Coffee/ tea must not be consumed with a meal7 because it reduces the absorption of iron.8 • Vegetarians must take iron/ vitamin B12 supplements9 because vitamin B12 is only found in animal foods.10 • Include foods fortified11 with vitamin B12 such as bread. (Any 6) (6) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.77; Successful, p.91) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 11 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 3.7 Discuss the effect that a diet high in fruit, vegetables and fish may have on the prevention and management of hypertension and coronary heart disease. • A diet high in fruit, vegetables and fish reduce the risk and improve✓1 the management of hypertension and coronary heart disease. • Fruit and vegetables contain antioxidants/ vitamin C/ ascorbic acid/ carotene✓2 minimizing the effect of free radicals✓3 which reduces the risk of heart disease. • Fruit and vegetables are rich in (soluble) fibre✓4 which helps lower LDL (bad cholesterol)✓5 that clogs the arteries which leads to heart disease. • Potassium/ magnesium✓6 found in some fruit and vegetables are essential for blood pressure regulation✓7 reducing strain on the arteries✓8 and reducing the risk of hypertension. • Fruit/ vegetables are low in sodium/ salt✓9 which will reduce hypertension. • Fruit/ vegetables do not contain animal fat or cholesterol.✓10 This will reduce the risk of coronary heart disease and hypertension. • Fruit/ vegetables do not contain fat✓11 and are low in kilojoules✓12 reducing the risk of obesity✓13 and thus reducing the risk of hypertension and coronary heart disease. • Dark green leafy vegetables such as spinach/ broccoli contain large amounts of phytochemicals✓14 that help to reduce the build-up of cholesterol in the arteries✓15 and reduces the risk of atherosclerosis. • Fish contain unsaturated fats✓16 which reduces the LDL (bad cholesterol)✓17 thus lower the risk of coronary heart disease. • The fat in fish has omega 3 fatty acids18 that protect the heart and blood vessels.19 (Any 10) (10) Analysing, difficult (Focus, p.74,75,77; Successful, p.83–88) [40] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 12 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 4: CLOTHING 4.1 Name TWO factors that influence fashion change. • Social1 • Economic2 • Technological3 • Political/ Judicial4 • Cultural5 • Boredom of current fashion.6 (Any 2) (2) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.49, 51; Successful, p.53–55) 4.2 Explain the term trademark. A trademark is any word/ symbol/ logo/ label/ device/ name✓1 that is used to identify/ distinguish2 goods from those manufactured/ sold by others.✓3 (Any 2) (2) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.64; Successful, p.28,71) 4.3 State TWO illegal clothing practices. • Brand piracy✓1 • Counterfeiting✓2 • Replication✓3 • Knock-offs✓4 • Fake/ imitation✓5 (Any 2) (2) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.64; Successful, p.72) 4.4 4.4.1 Identify the type of fashion that is represented by the graph. Fashion fad (1) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.49-50; Successful, p.50–51) 4.4.2 Name the stage in the fashion cycle that is represented by the following months: (a) December: Introduction/ beginning/ launch (1) (b) February: Peak (1) Understanding, easy (Focus, p.50; Successful, p.50) 4.4.3 Explain what happens to the cost of clothing items in the following months. (a) February The price is more affordable/ cheaper and many people are buying it. (1) (b) March The prices have gone down/ most of the items are on sale. (1) Applying, moderate (Focus, p.50; Successful, p.50) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 13 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 4.5 Discuss the versatility of the shoes. • The shoes can be worn formally or informally.✓1 • Can be worn in different seasons.✓2 • Can be worn for different occasions/ types of work places.✓3 • Can be worn by males or females/ different age groups.✓4 • Can be worn with or without socks.✓5 • The shoes can be worn with a dress/ shorts/ long pants/ skirt.✓6 • Black is a neutral colour which makes it easy to wear with different coloured clothes.✓7 (Any 4) (4) Applying, moderate (Focus, p.55; Successful, p.62) 4.6 Analyse the long-term effects that fast fashion will have on the natural environment. • Fast fashion lasts for a very short time which means it will be discarded1 if it cannot be recycled and end up on landfills (cradle-to-grave).2 More landfill sites will be required3 using up valuable/ productive/ farmland.4 • Non-biodegradable textiles/ packaging does not break down5 and will pile up on landfill sites causing soil/air pollution.6 • New textiles need to be produced all the time7 to meet the demand of making new clothing8 which requires more water9 and electricity10 causing depletion of natural resources11 and increasing the carbon footprint/ global warming.12 • Toxic chemicals/ dyes13 used in the production of the textiles harm the natural environment/ water/ soil pollution.14 • The import of clothing15 from all over the world could lead to air/ noise pollution16 causing high carbon emissions during transportation.17 (Any 5) (5) Analysing, difficult (Focus, p.61-63; Successful, p.67–69) NOTE: Water/ Soil/ Air pollution should only be awarded a mark once. [20] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 14 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 5: HOUSING AND INTERIOR 5.1 Name the housing ownership option that is managed by a body corporate. Sectional title/ condominium✓ ownership (1) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.122; Successful, p.140) 5.2 Briefly describe what the body corporate is. • Every owner is a member in a sectional title complex and forms part of the body corporate.✓1 • The group of people/ trustees elected by the owners of the units in the complex✓2 who control/ administer/ manage/ run the complex.✓3 OR • A professional managing agent appointed by the owners.✓4 (Any 1) (1) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.122-123; Successful, p.140–141) 5.3 State THREE disadvantages of buying household appliances on credit. •Repayments of the appliance must be paid promptly/ on time/ monthly/ over a long period,✓1 which may decrease consumers' disposable income.✓2 • Failure to pay may result in repossession of the appliances.✓3 • There is a certain limit that can be spent/ provided by the credit provider.✓4 • There are other costs such as interest/ administration fee/ initial fees that must be paid/ penalties for late payment✓5 which makes it expensive.✓6 • The consumer cannot negotiate for a discount.✓7 • Consumers can spend more than they can afford✓8 and could be black listed.✓9 • Instalments must still be paid even if the appliance is broken/ stolen.✓10 • If a consumer stop paying the instalments he/ she loses all the money already paid.✓11 (Any 3) (3) Understanding, easy (Focus, p.148; Successful, p.162) 5.4 List the information that must be included in a lease agreement to protect both the tenant and the landlord. •The date at which the rental of the property starts/ the length of the lease.1 •Details on the renewal of the lease.2 •The amount of the rental instalment3 and the date on which it must be paid.4 • Rental conditions.✓5 • Clauses indicating the rights and responsibilities of the tenant and property owner.6 • Property inspection before moving in and after the lease expires.7 • Entry/access to the unit by the property owner.8 • Rules regarding deposit/ water/ electricity/ sub-letting/ pets.9 (Any 3) (3) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.118; Successful, p.138) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 15 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 5.5 5.5.1 Explain the advantages of the energy sources of the fridge/ freezer. •It uses gas which is cheaper1 than electricity, thus saving the cost of electricity.2 • It will convert to gas when there is no electricity3 and food will not spoil.4 • It switches itself over to electricity when gas runs out.5 • It saves electricity/ lowers the demand for electricity6 and lightens the load on the country's over-stretched supply,7 thereby reducing the negative environmental impact of generating electricity.8 • Although LPG is a fossil fuel, it is relatively clean compared to coal/ oil/ less air pollution9 and produces fewer emissions of carbon dioxide.10 • When used correctly, LPG is completely safe,11 like electricity. (Any 4) (4) Applying, moderate (Focus, p.134, 176; Successful, p.155, 193, 195) 5.5.2 Discuss how the fridge/ freezer saves human energy and time. •The consumer will not have to manually switch to either gas or electricity1 as it switches automatically. • The consumer does not have to buy the regulator and hose to connect the gas separately,2 this save time. • The aluminium interior/ metallic exterior is easy to clean.3 • See through glass makes it easy to see what is inside,4 without opening the fridge. • The fridge does not need to be opened to get cold water because it is already on the outside.5 • It seems to have wheels which makes it easy to move/ clean underneath.6 • An upright fridge/ freezer does not require uncomfortable bending.7 (Any 3) (3) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.134, 136,145; Successful, p.140) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 16 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 5.6 Evaluate the negative financial impact that the non-payment of the accommodation will have on landlords. • They will not be able to pay their mortgage bonds1 and might have cash flow2 problems which may cause them to fall into debt3 and could lead to being blacklisted4 or lose/ sell their properties.5 • They will not be able to pay their monthly insurance fees6 which may be costly if any problems occur.7 • They will not be able to pay rates and taxes8 to their municipalities which will increase their debt9 and cause basic services not to be provided.10 • They will have to pay reconnection fees11 to reconnect their services if they were disconnected. • It will be difficult for them to maintain12 their properties which could cause the value of the property to depreciate.13 • Unpaid rent may lead to legal costs/ administrative expenses.14 • It may result in landlords not being able to invest in other properties.15 (Any 5) (5) Evaluating, difficult (Focus, p.118, 124; Successful, p.140,142) [20] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 17 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 6: ENTREPRENEURSHIP 6.1 State the purpose of adhering to product specifications. It is to ensure that all products are always the same1 in terms of appearance/ quality/ size/ weight/ colour/ style.2 Customers will get exactly what they expect.3 (Any 2) (2) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.16; Successful, p.21) 6.2 Explain the following terms: 6.2.1 Mark-up The amount/ percentage✓1 added to the cost price of goods2 to cover overhead expenses✓3 and still leave money for a profit.✓4 (Any 3) (3) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.37; Successful, p.39) 6.2.2 A best-sale scenario It is a forecast of what could happen1 when the product sells very well.2 The business was able to meet its sales target3 and achieve its sales objective/ make a profit.4 (Any 2) (2) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.39; Successful, p.41) 6.3 State how a business can use its time effectively. • Prioritise tasks per day so that they can be completed on time.✓1 • Set performance targets to be accomplished.✓2 • Ensure that all needed stock/ raw materials/ equipment is available for continuous production.✓3 • Establish routines and adhere to them as much as possible.✓4 • Plan the use of all equipment to its full capacity.✓5 • Preventative maintenance of equipment will save loss of production time.✓6 • Plan the use of all workers to be efficient/ maximized/ train workers to be more productive.✓7 • Set time limits for each task to be completed/ compile work schedules with time allocations.✓8 • Keep workstations organised and tidy for an easy workflow.✓9 • Do not postpone tasks, complete them immediately to save time.✓10 (Any 2) (2) Remembering, moderate (Focus, p.24; Successful, p.25) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 18 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 6.4 Describe FOUR characteristics of sustainable producers. They … •use goods/ services to improve quality of life and meets the needs of consumers.✓1 • produce products that are not harmful to human health.✓2 • use electronic storage systems to reduce the use of paper.✓3 • making use of recycled raw materials/ packaging✓4 • make use of locally produced raw materials/ suppliers.✓5 • make only the required products and not unnecessary products✓6 to prevent waste. • reduce waste by recycling.✓7 • use raw materials wisely/ do not waste.✓8 • reuse leftover materials and waste.✓9 • ensure that the process of making a product has minimal environmental impact.✓10 • protect resources/ energy/ water/ land.✓11 • reduce/ eliminate the use of chemical/ toxic materials.✓12 • use minimum packaging✓13 and packaging that is biodegradable/ environmentally friendly.✓14 • produce eco-friendly products/ low carbon footprint products.✓15 • use natural ingredients.✓16 • use renewable sources of energy/ solar energy to reduce carbon footprint/ pollution.✓17 • do not waste energy/ are energy efficient.✓18 (Any 4) (4) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.27; Successful, p.26) 6.5 Explain how the training of staff improves productivity in a business. • Staff will be skilled1 and have knowledge2 of what to do/ is required in their work. • Staff will make less/ fewer mistakes.3 • Staff may be able to work independently4 and faster5 in producing products, thus saves time. • Production will not stop6 because the staff know what to do. • There will be less repairs/ equipment break down.7 • Training increases the morale/ motivation8 and this increases productivity. (Any 3) (3) Applying, moderate (Focus, p.25; Successful, p.26) 6.6 6.6.1 Explain how the couple identified a potentially profitable business opportunity. • Buying a cup of coffee was expensive.1 • They wanted everybody to have access to affordable coffee on a daily basis.2 (2) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.7; Successful, p.10) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 19 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 6.6.2 Identify the target market of Expresso Café. It is people who love coffee1/ pastries/ pies/ sandwiches2 but do not have a lot of money to spend on it/ with a low budget.3 (Any 2) (2) Understanding, easy (Focus, p.34; Successful, p.11) 6.6.3 Describe how Expresso Café was marketed. It was marketed by word of mouth from customers,1 customers talked about the price on social media2 and through featuring on radio3 and television.4 (Any 3) (3) Remembering, easy (Focus, p.30; Successful, p.29) 6.6.4 Discuss why it was important for them to spend two years refining their model. • It gave them time to do a SWOT analysis/ look at their strengths and weaknesses.1 • They had no experience2 therefore they needed to gain knowledge/ skills.3 • To make sure that their idea was going to be possible to become a success/ feasible.4 • They needed to source suppliers.5 (Any 3) (3) Applying, moderate (Focus, p.8, 10, 35; Successful, p.10,13,14,17,35) 6.6.5 The selling price of R14,00 per cup of coffee included 30% profit. Calculate the profit made if 100 cups were sold. Show ALL calculations. METHOD 1: R 14 ÷ 1.30 = R10.771 profit per cup R 14 – R 10.77 = R 3.232 x 100 = R 3233 OR 30 ÷ 1304 x R 14 = R3.235 x 100 = R 3236 METHOD 2: R14 x 30% = R4,207 OR R14 x 30 = R4,208OR R14 x 0,3 = R4,209 100 R4,20 x 10010 = R420,0011 (100 cups) OR 100 x R14 = R1 40012 R1 400 x 30%13 = R42014 (Any 3) (3) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.39–40; Successful, p.35–39) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Consumer Studies 20 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 6.6.6 Calculate the new selling price. Show ALL calculations. R14 x 45% 1 =R6,30 OR R14 x 45 2 = R6,30 100 OR R14 x 0,453 =R6,30 R14 + R6,304 = R20,305 OR R146 x 1,457 = R20,308 (Any 3) (3) Understanding, moderate (Focus, p.39–40; Successful, p.35–39) 6.6.7 Their business is definitely able to sustain its profitability. Validate the above statement. • Their products are affordable1 compared to their competitors and more products will be sold.2 • They already have over 65 stores nationwide3 and sell over 50 000 cups a day.4 • They provide a variety of products/ coffee/ pastries/ pies/ sandwiches5 at the same low price.6 • The products they provide are not seasonal,7 they are everyday products required by consumers.8 • They have their own food factory9 which supplies their franchises meaning they do not have to pay other suppliers.10 This also ensures consistent quality11 products and their customers know what to expect.12 • They have franchises13 which means many people are using their idea and they get more profit.14 • They use a wide variety of marketing methods/ television/ social media/ radio15 which reaches more people.16 (Any 8) (8) Evaluating, difficult (Focus, p.35; Successful, p.34) [40] TOTAL SECTION B: 160 GRAND TOTAL: 200 Copyright reserved