Geography Grade 12 NW June 2025 Memo (English)

PROVINCIAL ASSESSMENT GRADE 12 GEOGRAPHY P1 MARKING GUIDELINES JUNE 2025 MARKS: 150 This marking guidelines consists of 9 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography/P1 2 NW/June 2025 Grade 12 – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 1: CLIMATE AND WEATHER 1.1 1.1.1 C 1.1.2 C 1.1.3 C 1.1.4 C 1.1.5 B (5 x 1) (5) 1.2 1.2.1 Z 1.2.2 Z 1.2.3 Z 1.2.4 Z 1.2.5 Y (5 x 1) (5) 1.3 1.3.1 Summer/late summer/early autumn. (1) (1 x 1) (1) 1.3.2 (14/03/2024) March / Date (1) [ANY ONE] (1 x 1) (1) 1.3.3 Westwards. (1) (1 x 1) (1) 1.3.4 They are driven by the tropical easterlies/trade winds/easterly (1 x 2) (2) winds. (2) 1.3.5 The name Filipo means six tropical cyclones have occurred in this season. Only five tropical cyclones have occurred before tropical cyclone 6) Filipo. This tropical cyclone Filipo has occurred in early autumn. [ANY TWO] (2 x 2) 1.3.6 Ecosystems will be destroyed (2) Biodiversity will be reduced (2) Natural habitats will be destroyed (2) Top soil will be washed away/soil erosion (2) Mass movements can be triggered (accept examples) (2) Wildlife would be displaced/drowned (2) Trees/natural vegetation can be uprooted/destroyed (2) Water quality will be reduced (2) Increased leaching of soil (2) Sinkholes form (2) Silting up/deposition of material (2) [ANY THREE] (3 x2) (6) 1.4 1.4.1 Offshore (1) (1 x 1) (1) 1.4.2 Kalahari High is dominant over the central plateau in Winter (1) A coastal low pressure along the east coast. (1) (2 x 1) (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography/P1 3 NW/June 2025 Grade 12 – Marking Guidelines 1.4.3 4 marks for ANY FOUR labels (as seen above) (4 x 1) (4) 1.4.4 Plants (Natural vegetation / Pasture) dry out due to the hot dry winds (2) Reduction of biodiversity (fauna and flora) within the natural environment (2) Declining ecosystems will disrupt food chains and food web networks (2) Higher evaporation reduces soil moisture content (2) Increased loss of moisture in soil will accelerate soil erosion (2) The land is left bare and vulnerable and accelerates soil erosion reducing soil fertility (2) Higher levels of carbon dioxide will increase atmospheric pollution (2) Water from shallow pools, small non-perennial water bodies can evaporate (2) Natural vegetation is destroyed by veld fires (2) Loss of habitat/damage to ecosystems due to veldfires (2) Increase in carbon dioxide as a result of veldfires impacts negatively on physical environment (2) Ash of veldfires act as fertilisers for the development and growth of new vegetation (2) Veldfires can promote seed germination (2) [ANY FOUR] (4 x 2) (8) [40] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography/P1 4 NW/June 2025 Grade 12 – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 2 GEOMORPHOLOGY 2.1 2.1.1 A 2.1.2 C 2.1.3 B 2.1.4 C 2.1.5 B (5 x 1) (5) 2.2 2.2.1 Y 2.2.2 Z 2.2.3 Y 2.2.4 Z 2.2.5 Y (5 x 1) (5) 2.3 2.3.1 A side view of a river from its source to its mouth (2) (1 x 2) (2) 2.3.2 Waterfall (1) (1 x 1) (1) 2.3.3 Waterfall occurs where a hard rock overlies the soft rock. (2) Water flows over the hard rock. (2) Hard rock is more resistant to erosion whereas soft rock is less resistant to erosion. (2) Soft rock, which is less resistant to erosion will be eroded first. (2) [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) 2.3.4 Award marks for the following: 1 mark for a correct ungraded profile 1 mark for a source 1 mark for a Knick point/waterfall 1 mark for a source N.B. No mark should be awarded for incorrect profile. (4 x 1) (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography/P1 5 NW/June 2025 Grade 12 – Marking Guidelines 2.3.5 Erosion of softer layers of rock below waterfall (2) Headward/backward erosion will cause waterfall to migrate upstream (2) Downward erosion deepens the plunge pool (2) Hard layers of rock falls into a plunge pool as they are not supported by softer rock (2) Deposition of sediments in plunge pool and continues towards the lower course (2) Equilibrium between erosion and deposition will maintain the graded state (2) [ANY THREE] (3 x 2) (6) 2.4 2.4.1 The management of water resources (2) (1 x 2) (2) 2.4.2 Illegal sand dealers (1) Illegal dumping (1) Unauthorised fishing (1) Lack of water testing points (1) [ANY ONE] (1 x 1) (1) 2.4.3 To monitor the water quality (2) (accept examples) Identify the origin of the water pollution (2) Check the level of water pollution (2) Ensure that the ecosystem remains healthy (2) Ensure that the ecosystem remains in balance (2) Preserve the biodiversity (2) To do ongoing research and predictions (2) To ensure water is safe for people to use (2) To assist with proper water management (2) To avoid people getting (waterborne) diseases (2) (accept examples) [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) 2.4.4 The river flows into the Indian ocean. (2) The river flows in twists and turns (meandering) (2) The river mouth in located in the gates of St Johns (2) Elevation of a river from 2 050m (6 730 ft) to 0m (0ft) above sea level (2) [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) 2.4.5 Buffering of Umzimvubu catchment area (2) Practice green agriculture (accept examples) (2) Close the all sand digging along the banks (2) Manage dumping of industrial waste (accept examples) (2) Reduce deforestation (2) Reduce pollution of (ground) water (2) Implement legislation (accept examples) (2) Provide incentives (accept examples) (2) Create awareness (accept examples) (2) Implement wastewater treatment (2) Ensure storm water management (2) Ensure conservation of wetlands (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography/P1 6 NW/June 2025 Grade 12 – Marking Guidelines Proper land use planning (accept examples) (2) Regular testing (accept examples) (2) Improve infrastructure (accept examples) (2) Maintain water purifying plants (2) Regular environmental impact assessment studies (2) Afforestation / Recover the flood plain/riparian zone (2) [ANY FOUR] (4 x 2) (8) [40] QUESTION 3 SETTLEMENT GEOGRAPHY 3.1 3.1.1 E 3.1.2 C 3.1.3 B/C/D 3.1.4 A 3.1.5 A (5 x 1) (5) 3.2 3.2.1 C (1 x 1) 3.2.2 C (1 x 1) 3.2.3 A (1 x 1) 3.2.4 B (1 x 1) 3.2.5 C (1 x 1) (5 x 1) (5) 3.3 3.3.1 The movement of people from rural to urban areas (2) CONCEPT (1 x 2) (2) 3.3.2 Poor infrastructure (1) (1 x 1) (1) 3.3.3 Low paying jobs cause poverty and people seeking a better life in the city (2) Lack of employment diversity leads to people seeking better jobs in the city (2) Poor service delivery (Can explain examples) (2) Lack of services (Can explain examples) (2) Crime and farm murders force people to move to safer areas (2) No entertainment encourages the youth to migrate to the cities (2) Young people leave for better quality of life (2) Family members follow bread winners to urban areas (2) [ANY TWO] (DO NOT ACCEPT UNEMPLOYMENT AND CORRUPTION) (2 x 2) (4) 3.3.4 Initiation of music/art festivals to improve job opportunities (2) Improve infrastructure for easier access to social events (2) Improve service delivery such as better schools/hospitals/clinics (2 Restoring historical buildings to attract tourists and develop ecotourism sites (2) Initiate adventure activities for the youth (2) Advertising on highways near the area to attract the attention of tourists outside the rural settlement/Establishment of a tourist board to promote the area (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography/P1 7 NW/June 2025 Grade 12 – Marking Guidelines Decentralization of industries to create job opportunities for youth so that the young people have peers to communicate with (2) Development of Tourism farms/lodges/wedding venues (2) Attract high-tech, footloose industries which will bring highly skilled people to the rural area (2) and create more employment diversity (2) Develop retirement villages that will create employment opportunities for younger people (2) Retirement villages will bring more social opportunities for the older (4 x 2) (8) people in rural areas. (2) [ANY FOUR] 3.4.1 The ranking of urban settlements based on the number of functions found in the settlement (2) [CONCEPT] (1 x 2) (2) 3.4.2 The land is above 300 m in height (1) Steep areas (1) Mountainous area (1) [ANY ONE] (1 x 1) (1) 3.4.3 A (1) (1 x 1) (1) 3.4.4 A is linked to the main road, which increases its range (2) Inhabitants of the Town prefer visiting/shopping at A rather than B, due to accessibility (2) [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) 3.4.5 a) Regional shopping centre (1) (1 x 1) (1) b) Located outside the built-up areas, where land values are lower (2) Ample space for future expansion (2) Next to the highway for accessibility (2) Roads link the shopping centre to all other settlements (2) [ANY TWO] (2 x 2) (4) c) More people will pass through CITY A to reach the shopping centre (2) People may relocate to CITY A to be nearer to the shopping centre (2) The profits of the businesses of CITY A will increase due to the influx of people passing through (2)[ANY TWO] (2 x 2) (4) [40] TOTAL SECTION A: 120 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography/P1 8 NW/June 2025 Grade 12 – Marking Guidelines SECTION B QUESTION 4: GEOGRAPHICAL SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES 4.1 MAP SKILLS AND CALCULATIONS 4.1 4.1.1 B (1) (1 x 1) (1) 4.1.2 B (1) (1 x 1) (1) 4.1.3 Direction of river flow is: South West (1) Drainage density: high drainage density (1) (2 x 1) (2) 4.1.4 a) VI = 1 001 m – 999m = 2 m (1) b) HE 4,3 cm (1) x 100 = 430 m (1) range[4,2cm – 4.4cm] c) AG = VI HE =2m (1) 430 m range [420 m – 440 m] = 1 : 215 (1) range[1: 220 – 1: 240] (5 x 1) (5) 4.1.5 For every 215 units you travel horizontally, the land surface rises by 1 unit vertically (1) (1 x 1) (1) 4.2 4.2.1 Katabatic wind (1) (1 x 1) 1 4.2.2 Crops that are not frost resistant will not grow due to temperatures (1 x 2) 2 that have dropped below 0ºC. (2) 4.2.3 Greenhouses can be used to provide a controlled environment that can be heated to protect crops from frost (2) Use of lightweight, breathable row covers to protect crops from frost damage. Frost blankets can be used to cover crops and protect them from frost (2) Cold frames can be used to let in sunlight and trap heat, protecting the crops from frost (2) Plant crops that are frost resistant (accept examples) (2) [ANY TWO] (2 x 2) 4 4.2.4 An area of higher temperatures above a city surrounded by lower rural temperatures (1) (1 x 1) 1 4.2.5 There is a row of trees to trap heat at Hyde park (2) There are water bodies that are acting as a cooling effect (2) Buildings at Hyde Park are far apart to allow air to flow (2) There is recreational ground that provides Hyde Park with cool air (2) [ANY TWO] (2 x (4) 2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography/P1 9 NW/June 2025 Grade 12 – Marking Guidelines 4.3 GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS) 4.3.1 Pixels (1) (1 x 1) (1) 4.3.2 Image A (1 x 1) (1) 4.3.3 Image A has more clarity (2) Image A is made up of many pixels (2) [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) 4.3.4 Data layer refers to a combination of spatial and attribute data (2) (1 x 2) (2) 4.3.5 Supply water for irrigation (1) Layer will supply information on water supply for a purpose of irrigation (2) [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) TOTAL SECTION B [30] GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved