Grade 5 Geography Memo November 2021

1 TOM NEWBY SCHOOL TEST MEMO Subject Geography Examiner Mrs. v Coppenhagen Date November 2021 Total marks 30 marks Grade 5 Duration 1 hour Moderator Miss Botha QUESTIONS ANSWERS MARK LEVEL SECTION A [10] QUESTION 1 1.1 B 1 1 1.2 F 1 1 1.3 A 1 1 1.4 C 1 1 1.5 D 1 1 QUESTION 2 2.1 Resources that cannot be replaced when 1 2 they have been used up. 2.2 Coal in the place where it formed. 1 2 2.3 A wetland with some trees growing in it. 1 2 2.4 Resources that can be replaced and 1 2 reused again. 2.5 The damaging of air, water or land with dirt 1 2 or chemicals. SECTION B [10] QUESTION 3 3.1 Warm and receives rainfall during 2 3 summer, and warm dry winters. 3.2 Many savannahs, tree densities are 1 5 higher, and trees are more regularly spaced than in forests. 3.3 Because they are highly prone to lightning 1 4 storms and have an ideal fire climate, comprising a distinct wet season when plant materials can grow and accumulate and a dry season when they become highly flammable plant fuels. Also, most times human causes fires.

2 3.4 Some plants store water in their roots. 2 3 When fires burn the stems, the water allow the plant to grow again. Some trees have a thick bark to protect them from being damaged by fires. 3.5 Springbok, buffalo, giraffes, and 2 3 wildebeest 3.6 - where the grasses are not eaten by 2 3 animals, so there are few animals in the area. - where grasses are eaten by animals so the are many animals in the area. SECTION C [10] QUESTION 4 4.1 Non renewable 1 2 4.2 - Dead plant and animal matter from 3 5 millions of years ago gets covered with mud, rain, and lava. - The weight of the layers on top of each other causes pressure and heat and so the once living trees change to dead carbon. - Coal is found in layers with the oldest layers deep down and the youngest layers close to the surface. 4.3 Soaps, aspirins, fertilizers, dyes, solvents, 1 4 shampoos, tennis rackets, mountain bikes and fabrics. 4.4 a) Air pollution 1 4 -Dust from drilling and blasting pollutes the air. -In coal mines, digging coal out of the ground releases harmful gases into the air. -Wind lifts fine particles of rock in waste dumps into the air. -Coal mine dumps often catch fire. The burning coal releases harmful gases.

3 b) Water pollution 1 -Rainwater passing through mine dumps is polluted by dust and chemicals in the dumps. -Chemicals are added to water to separate minerals from the rock. The wastewater is often piped into a river. -Polluted water from inside the mine flows onto the surface. This is known as acid mine drainage 4.5 -Rockfalls: More miners are killed by rock 3 4 falls underground than any other acci- dents. -Heat stroke: The hard work for long hours at high temperature causes some miners to collapse. -Lung disease: The dust from blasted rock damages miners’ lungs and affects their breathing. TOTAL [30]