Life Sciences Grade 12 Paper 1 Gauteng Mock 2025 Memo

AP GAUTENG PROVINCE vw PS REPHBUIES sa SOUTH AFRICA PREPARATORY EXAMINATION 2025 MARKING GUIDELINES LIFE SCIENCES (PAPER 1) (10831) 13 pages

10831/25 Additional Notes to the marking Guidelines Life Sciences P1 Question 1: 1.5.1 (c) — Accept: Hammer, Anvil and Stirrup (However, scientific terms should be taught) 1.7.2 (b) — Accept: Vasopressin Question 2: 2.2.4 — Accept: Between 4 and 5 days. 2.4.1 — Accept: Between the uterus and the vagina 2.4.3 — Learners will lose marks for C and P if calculations are incorrect. 2.6 — if learners use the word/s perilymph and endolymph — Credit the learner in place of the word fluid in bullet 2. Question 3 3.4.4 — accept (= )

10831/25 PRINCIPLES RELATED TO MARKING LIFE SCIENCES 10. 11. 12: If more information than marks allocated is given Stop marking when maximum marks are reached and put a wavy line and 'max' in the right-hand margin. If, for example, three reasons are required and five are given Mark the first three irrespective of whether all or some are correct/incorrect. If the whole process is given when only part of it is required Read all and credit relevant part. If comparisons are asked for and descriptions are given Accept if differences/similarities are clear. If tabulation is required, but paragraphs are given Candidates will lose marks for not tabulating. If diagrams are given with annotations when descriptions are required Candidates will lose marks. If flow charts are given instead of descriptions Candidates will lose marks. If the sequence is muddled and links do not make sense Where sequence and links are correct, credit. Where sequence and links are incorrect, do not credit. If the sequence and links become correct again, resume credit. Non-recognised abbreviations Accept if first defined in the answer. If not defined, do not credit the unrecognised abbreviation but credit the rest of the answer if correct. Wrong numbering It is acceptable if the answer fits into the correct sequence of questions, but the wrong number is given. If the language used changes the intended meaning Do not accept. Spelling errors Accept it if recognisable, provided it does not mean something else in Life Sciences or if it is out of context.

13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 10831/25 If common names are given in terminology Accept, provided it was accepted at the memo discussion meeting. If only a letter is asked for and only a name is given (and vice versa) Do not credit. If units are not given in measurements Candidates will lose marks. The memorandum will allocate marks for units separately. Be sensitive to the sense of an answer, which may be stated differently Caption All illustrations (diagrams, graphs, tables, etc.) must have a caption. Code-switching of official languages (terms and concepts) Aword or two that appears in any official language other than the learners’ assessment language used to the greatest extent in his/her answers should be credited if it is correct. A marker that is proficient in the relevant official language should be consulted. This applies to all official languages. Changes to the marking guidelines No changes must be made to the marking guidelines without consulting the provincial internal moderator.

SECTION A QUESTION 1 ill 2 1.3 1.4 12s 1i232 1.2.3 1.2.4 1.2.5 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3 1.4.1 1.4.2 1.4.3 10831/25 Cv ByYv Avy Byv AvyY Dvv Byv Dvv (8 x 2) Neurotransmitter v/acetylcholine/dopamine/seratonin Prolactin v Cranium ¥ Amniotic v fluid Negative feedback ¥ (5 x 1) Aonly V¥ B only Vv¥ None v¥ (3 x 2) Umbilical cord v Oxygenv /O2 Nutrients v / glucose / CeH1206/ amino acids / vitamins / minerals Water Vv / H2O0 Antibodies v Mark first TWO (a) Placenta ¥ (b) Diffusion ¥ (16) (5) (6) (2) (1) (1) (5)

4.5 1.6 1.7 154 1.5.2 1.6.1 1.6.2 1.7.1 1.72 1.7.3 (a) Pinna v (b) Organ of Corti v/ Cochlea {c) Ossicles v/Malleus, incus and stapes 10831/25 (1) (1) Note: If ossicles are named, all three bones must be given, in any order, for 1 mark. (a) Eustachian tube Vv (b) Grommet ¥ (a) CV Yellow spot ¥/ Fovea / Fovea centralis (b) Gv Cornea ¥ (c) BY choroid ¥ Ev andl v (Any order, mark first TWO only) Osmoregulation ¥ (a) Pituitary Vv gland / Hypophysis (b) ADH Y/ Antidiuretic hormone (c) Kidney v Concentrated ¥ TOTAL SECTION A (2) (8) (1) (1) (1) (1) 3 50

10831/25 SECTION B QUESTION 2 2.1 2.1.1 — fusion of (male and female) gametes v ~ inside the female’s reproductive organ Y /body (2) 2.1.2 At birth/after hatching, the puggle: ~ has no spines V sticking out from its skin/naked — eyes are closed ¥ — remains in its mother’s pouch ~/does not walk on its own/protection from predators — feeds from milk from the mother ¥/does not look for its own food — is kept inside a burrow ¥ for 7 months/protection from predators — requires a large amount of parental care ¥ NOTE: Protection from predators can only be referred to ONCE (Mark first TWO only) (2) 2.1.3 Vivipary Ovipary The embryo develops inside the The embryo develops outside of female's reproductive the female's body in an amniotic organsv /uterus egg “/The eggs are laid The embryo receives a continuous | Embryo receives a fixed amount supply of food/nutrients from the of food/nutrients from the yolk ¥ mother through the placenta v Mother gives birth to live young Y___| Young hatch from an egg ¥ Waste from the embryo is removed | Waste collects in the allantois ¥ through the placenta ¥ and is excreted from the mother's body. Gaseous exchange occurs at the Gaseous exchange occurs placenta Vv through the chorion v/shell/ outer covering The embryo is protected inside the | The embryo is protected by a mother’s body ¥ shell v (Mark first TWO comparisons only) Table: columns with headings T¥ (5) (9)

2.2 2.3 224 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4 22.5 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.3 (a) Graafian Follicle ¥ (b) Corpus luteum ¥ (a) (Day) 14 v (b) Graafian follicle/part A has ruptured v/ovum has been released from the Graafian follicle/part A (a) Progesterone ¥ (b) — Maintains the thickness of the endometrium “/ causes the endometrium to become more vascular and glandular — to prepare it for the implantation of the blastocyst “/ blastula /embryo 4 days ¥ — Stimulates the development ~/maturation — of aprimary/immature follicle Vv — into a Graafian follicle Vv (a) Urethra ¥ (b) Cowper's gland v (a) Vas deferens ¥ (b) Penis ¥ — nutrients Y sugars/protein that provide energy for the sperm cells to move ¥ — alkaline fluid Y that neutralises the acid in the urethra/vagina Vv — mucus Y for easier movement of sperm cells “/slippery tubes for easier passage of sperm cells (Mark first TWO only: Named secretion and its function) 10831/25 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (2) (1) (3) (11) (1) (1) (1) (1) (4) (8)

24 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 10831/25 At the bottom/base/lower opening of the uterus “/top of the vagina (1) Get permission from the participants ¥ Get permission from the hospital ” Decide: ~ which disease to study “/type of cancer ~ how to determine if the patient has cancer ¥ — how many participants to include in the study “/on the sample size - how to collect/organise the data ¥ — the duration of the study v which hospitals to use V (Mark first TWO only) (NOTE: Ensure that statements are written in the future tense.) (2) Pie chart Calculations: Cervix: 56,94/100 x360 =204,98° = 205° Endometrium: 22,50/100 x360 =81° Ovary: 15,56/100 x360 =56,01° =56° Vagina: 3,33 / 100 x360 =11,98° =12° Vulva: 1,67 / 100 x 360 =6,01° =6° Pie chart showing the incidence of cancer in different parts of the reproductive system in India in 2018 3,33 1,67 = cervix = endometrium = ovary 56.04 ® vagina vulva (6)

2.5 2.6 Criteria Elaboration Symbol_| Mark Type A pie chart is drawn: symmetrical T circle drawn showing at least one 1 segment Caption Correct caption including both H 1 = variables. Calculations | 1-4 calculations correct — | Cc 1 All 5 calculations are correct. 2 Proportions 1-3 sectors correct with a P 1 key/sectors labelled All sectors correct with a key / 2 sectors labelled TOTAL: 2.5.1 — Uncorrected refractive error with cataract ¥ — Macular degeneration ¥ — Infectious disease V — Vitamin A deficiency ¥ (Mark first TWO only) 2.5.2 - Eyeball is longer than normal/inability of the lens to become less convex “/lens stays more convex - Lens will bend/refract the light too much ~/refractive power too high/light is focused in front of/before the retina 2.5.3. (a) Biconcave Y /concave (b) -— Causes light to diverge before entering the eye Vv — Reduces the angle that the light bends in the eye “/light rays are refracted less in the eye - Ensures that light converges on the retina “/yellow spot / fovea / fovea centralis - to forma clear image. ~ any As the dancer spins her body: — there is a change in the speed/direction — causing movement of the fluid in the inner ear ¥ — inthe semi-circular canals ¥ — to stimulate the cristae Vv — to-convert the stimulus into an impulse — which is conducted by the auditory nerve “/vestibular nerve which is part of the auditory nerve — tothe cerebellum v - which sends impulses to skeletal muscles” /proprioceptors restore balance Any 10 10831/25 (9) (2) (2) (1) (2) (7) (6) (6)

QUESTION 3 3.1 3.1.1 Central Y nervous system/ CNS 3.1.2 Functional connection between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite 3.1.3 3.1.5 3.1.6 of another neuron Vv {a) interneuron v (b} sensory Y neuron A reflex arc is the path taken by an impulse Y in response to a stimulus/ within a reflex action, a reflex action is a quick and automatic/involuntary response V toa stimulus G-A-Dvv — The person would feel the heat “ — but will be unable to move their muscle “/hand away — resulting in damage/burning/injury to the skinv /tissues/finger/hand Diagram of a sensory neuron Dendrite Cell body Myelin sheath Cytoplasm SPE Nucleus Axon Criteria Elaboration Symbol_| Mark Caption The correct caption is given Cc 1 Drawing | Correct neuron drawing (accept diagram D 1 with or without myelin sheath) Labels Any three correct labels: Axon, dendrite, cell body, cytoplasm, L 3 myelin sheath, nucleus, cell membrane TOTAL: 5 11 10831/25 [50] (1) (2) (1) (1) (2) (2) (3) (5) (17)

10831/25 3.2 3.2.1 Thermoregulation v (1) 3.2.2 (a) Environmental temperature v (1) {b) Human core body temperature ¥ (1) 3.2.3 — Ensure validity v* — by ensuring that gender does not affect the results ~ — by ensuring that the changes in the human core body temperature are due to the environmental temperature only Y and no other factor (‘compulsory mark + 1 other mark) (2) 3.2.4 — The investigation was done with a large sample of 26 participants Vv — was repeated 3 times Vv — an average was calculated. v Any (2) 3.2.5 - Increased sweating ~/sweat glands become more active — Vasodilation of the blood vessels of the skin ¥ (2) (9) 3.3 3.3.1. — Nerve damage ¥ — Kidney failure v — Vision loss ¥ (Mark first TWO only) (2) 3.3.2 (a) (Too) High ¥ (1) (b) - It will stimulate cells to absorb more glucose v to use for cellular respiration - Insulin will stimulates the conversion of excess glucose into glycogen Y for storage - In the liver ¥ = Decreasing/lowers the blood glucose levels V* until normal levels. (1 compulsory mark + any two) (3) (6) 3.4 3.4.1 Achemical messenger/messenger molecule that is secreted into the bloodstream ¥ v/ is responsible for chemical co-ordination that regulates activities in the body (2) 3.4.2 Adrenal ¥ gland (1) 3.4.3. (a) Sympathetic Y nervous system (1) (b) It will decrease the amount of blood Y flow going towards the stomach, decreasing the amount of digestion taking place v’/the digestion of food (2) 12

3.5 30-7 10831/25 3.4.4 percentage increase = (=) ¥ x 100 Y = 328,57 Vv / 328,6 /329 % 3.5.1. Growth/turning movement of a plant/part of a plant in response to a (external) stimulus vv 3.5.2 -— Auxins that are produced in the tips of roots and stems are removed V — therefore, cannot diffuse/move through the stems and roots ~/cannot interfere with the injected auxins Vv — thereby eliminating the normal effects of auxins Y/ensuring the effect of the auxins/growth direction is only due to injected auxins Any 3.5.3 Diagram showing the effect of auxins in the stem and root of a germinating seed Stem Root Criteria Elaboration Symbol | Mark Root Correct drawing of growth of young root R 1 growing upwards Stem Correct drawing of growth of young Ss 1 stem growing upwards Labels Stem and root identified L 1 TOTAL | (3) 3.5.4 Gibberellins v 13 TOTAL SECTION B: TOTAL: (3) (9) (2) (3) (3) (1) (9) [50] 100 150