Life Sciences Grade 11 P1 Eastern Cape November 2023 Memo

Downloaded from hlayiso.com NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 11 NOVEMBER 2023 LIFE SCIENCES P1 MARKING GUIDELINE MARKS: 150 This marking guideline consists of 10 pages.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 2 LIFE SCIENCES PI (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) PRINCIPLES RELATED TO MARKING LIFE SCIENCES 1. If more information than marks allocated is given Stop marking when maximum marks are reached and put a wavy line and ‘max’ in the right-hand margin. 2. If, for example, three reasons are required and five are given Mark the first three irrespective of whether all or some are correct / incorrect. 3. If whole process is given when only a part of it is required Read all and credit the relevant part. 4. If comparisons are asked for, but descriptions are given Accept if the differences / similarities are clear. 5. If tabulation is required, but paragraphs are given Candidates will lose marks for not tabulating. 6. If diagrams are given with annotations when descriptions are required Candidates will lose marks. 7. If flow charts are given instead of descriptions Candidates will lose marks. 8. If sequence is muddled and links do not make sense Where sequence and links are correct, credit. Where sequence and links are incorrect, do not credit. If sequence and links become correct again, resume credit. 9. Non-recognised abbreviations Accept if first defined in answer. If not defined, do not credit the unrecognised abbreviation, but credit the rest of the answer if correct. 10. Wrong numbering If answer fits into the correct sequence of questions, but the wrong number is given, it is acceptable. 11. If language used changes the intended meaning Do not accept. 12. Spelling errors If recognisable, accept the answer, provided it does not mean something else in Life Sciences or if it is out of context. 13. If common names are given in terminology Accept, provided it was accepted at the national memo discussion meeting. 14. If only the letter is asked for, but only the name is given (and vice versa) Do not credit. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) LIFE SCIENCES P1 3 15. If units are not given in measurements Candidates will lose marks. Memorandum will allocate marks for units separately. 16. Be sensitive to the sense of an answer, which may be stated in a different way 17. Caption All illustrations (diagrams, graphs, tables, etc.) must have a caption. 18. Code-switching of official languages (terms and concepts) A single word or two that appear(s) in any official language other than the learner’s assessment language used to the greatest extent in his/her answers should be credited, if it is correct. A marker that is proficient in the relevant official language should be consulted. This is applicable to all official languages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 4 LIFE SCIENCES PI (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) SECTION A QUESTION 1 1.1 1.1.1 B ✓✓ 1.1.2 C ✓✓ 1.1.3 C ✓✓ 1.1.4 B ✓✓ 1.1.5 B ✓✓ 1.1.6 A ✓✓ 1.1.7 B ✓✓ 1.1.8 A ✓✓ 1.1.9 B ✓✓ 1.1.10 B ✓✓ (10 x 2) (20) 1.2 1.2.1 Squamous epithelium ✓ 1.2.2 Pleural membrane ✓/ Pleura 1.2.3 Medulla oblongata ✓ 1.2.4 Glucagon ✓ 1.2.5 Egestion ✓/ Defaecation 1.2.6 Amino acid ✓ 1.2.7 Villi ✓ 1.2.8 Greenhouse ✓ 1.2.9 Renal capsule ✓ (9 x 1) (9) 1.3 1.3.1 A only ✓✓ 1.3.2 Both A and B ✓✓ 1.3.3 None ✓✓ (3 x 2) (6) 1.4 1.4.1 (a) Aorta ✓ (1) (b) Inferior vena cava ✓ (1) 1.4.2 (a) Renal artery ✓ (1) (b) Ureter ✓ (1) (c) Urinary bladder ✓ (1) 1.4.3 - Excretion ✓ (of metabolic wastes) - Regulation of salt content of body ✓ - Regulation of blood pH ✓ - Regulation of water content of the body ✓/osmoregulation (Any 3 x 1) (3) 1.4.4 Blood vessel A / aorta ✓ (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) LIFE SCIENCES P1 5 1.5 1.5.1 (a) Chloroplast ✓ (1) (b) Photosynthesis ✓ (1) 1.5.2 A ✓– granum ✓ (2) 1.5.3 - Part A (granum) contains chlorophyll ✓ - Chlorophyll absorbs light energy ✓ (2) TOTAL SECTION A: 50 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 6 LIFE SCIENCES PI (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) SECTION B QUESTION 2 2.1 2.1.1 (a) Gall bladder ✓ (1) (b) Pyloric sphincter ✓/pylorus (1) 2.1.2 - Secretes bile ✓ - Converts glucose to glycogen ✓ - Converts excess glucose to fat ✓ - Stores minerals such as iron ✓ - Stores vitamin A, D and B12 ✓ - De-amination of excess amino acids ✓ - Detoxifies certain harmful substances and make them harmless ✓ (Mark first THREE only) (Any 3 x 1) (3) 2.1.3 - The mucus glands on the mucosa layer secretes thick mucus ✓ - that acts as a barrier between the acid and the wall of the stomach ✓ (2) 2.1.4 - Bile will not emulsify fat ✓ - therefore, (pancreatic) lipase will not be able to digest fat ✓ - Bile will not neutralise the acid chyme from the stomach ✓ - therefore, enzymes secreted by the pancreas ✓ and - the intestinal glands ✓ - will not digest proteins and carbohydrates ✓ (Any 5 x 1) (5) 2.1.5 - Part E acts as an exocrine gland because it has a duct ✓ - to transport its secretion ✓ to the site of action - It also acts as an endocrine gland because it secretes hormones ✓ - that are released directly into the blood ✓/ blood transports - hormones to the target organ. (4) 2.2 2.2.1 (a) Part A – Malpighian corpuscle ✓/body (1) (b) Part B – Proximal convoluted tubule ✓ (1) 2.2.2 (a) Ultra-filtration ✓ (1) (b) Tubular re-absorption ✓ (1) 2.2.3 - Blood vessel D is wider than blood vessel F ✓ - the small diameter of blood vessel F resists the flow of blood ✓ - and causes high blood pressure at Part E ✓ that - leads to the leakage of blood plasma into part C ✓ (4) 2.2.4 Blood cells ✓ and (large) protein molecules ✓ (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) LIFE SCIENCES P1 7 2.2.5 The inner walls of region B consists of: - large number of mitochondria ✓ to generate energy for active transport of nutrients into the blood capillaries ✓ - large number of micro-villi ✓ to increase the area of absorption. ✓ (4) 2.3 2.3.1 (a) Palate ✓ (1) (b) Peristalsis ✓ (1) (c) Circular ✓ and longitudinal ✓ muscles (2) 2.3.2 - During swallowing, the bolus is pushed backwards into the pharynx ✓ and - this stimulates the closure of the glottis by epiglottis blocking the flow of food into part D ✓ (2) 2.3.3 - The incomplete portion of the C-shaped cartilages of the trachea is in contact with the oesophagus ✓ - This allows the oesophagus to stretch and bulge into the trachea preventing the oesophagus from becoming blocked ✓/ prevents choking. (2) 2.3.4 - The bacterial infection causes inflammation of vocal cords ✓ - therefore, vocal cords will not be able to vibrate freely ✓ and - no sound can be produced ✓ (Any 2 x 1) (2) 2.3.5 - Oxygen will not reach the lungs ✓ - Oxygen concentration drops in the blood ✓ - Oxygen will not be made available for cellular respiration ✓ - The energy production stops ✓ - therefore, all vital organs will stop functioning ✓ OR - CO2 will not be removed /exhaled from the lungs ✓ - CO2 concentration in the blood remains high ✓ - Blood pH drops/ blood becomes very acidic ✓ - Enzymes becomes functionless ✓ - therefore, all vital metabolic processes will stop ✓ (Any 4 x 1) (4) 2.4 - The salt level in the blood increases ✓ - Receptor cells in the afferent and efferent arterioles of the kidney detect the high salt level ✓ - The adrenal gland is stimulated ✓ - to stop secreting aldosterone ✓/ to secrete less aldosterone - This decreases the re-absorption of sodium ions from the renal tubules ✓ in the kidney - into the surrounding blood vessels ✓ - The salt level in the blood vessels decreases ✓ - and returns to normal ✓ (Any 6 x 1) (6) [50] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 8 LIFE SCIENCES PI (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) QUESTION 3 3.1 3.1.1 Carbon dioxide ✓ (1) 3.1.2 - Bicarbonate ions ✓ - In solution in the blood plasma ✓ - Carbaminohemoglobin ✓ (Mark first TWO only) (Any 2 x 1) (2) 3.1.3 Pulmonary vein ✓ (1) 3.1.4 The direction of arrow indicates the outward flow of blood ✓ (1) 3.1.5 - The red blood cells/ erythrocytes contain haemoglobin ✓ for the transportation of oxygen to the tissues and carbon dioxide from the tissues. ✓ - Red blood cells/erythrocytes are biconcave discs ✓ to increase the surface area for the maximum absorption of oxygen ✓ (Mark first TWO only) (2 x 2) (4) 3.1.6 - The heater warms the air and removes the moisture from the air ✓/ humidity in the room - The person sleeping in the room will continuously inhale dry air ✓ - causing the lungs (the moist lining of alveoli) to become dry ✓ and - this prevents diffusion of gases between the atmospheric air and the blood in the alveolar capillaries ✓ - the low concentration of oxygen / high concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood stops metabolic processes in the cell/tissues causing possible death ✓ (Any 3 x 1) (3) 3.2 3.2.1 (a) Rate of photosynthesis ✓ (1) (b) Concentration of carbon dioxide ✓ (1) 3.2.2 By counting the number of bubbles in unit time ✓ (in one minute) (1) 3.2.3 - Water temperature ✓ - Plant species ✓ - Person counting the bubbles ✓ - Age of plants ✓ - Light intensity ✓ - Number of leaves ✓ - Length of light exposure ✓ - Quality of baking powder ✓ (Mark first THREE only) (Any 3 x 1) (3) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) LIFE SCIENCES P1 9 3.2.4 - The student repeated the investigation three times at each concentration ✓ (1) 3.2.5 - To act as a baseline ✓ - to see if the concentration of CO2 causes the change in rate of photosynthesis ✓ (2) 3.2.6 Average number of bubbles released at different concentrations of carbon doxide by the pond weed Average number of bubbles released (per 25 21 20 20 15 15 10 minute) 10 5 5 3 0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 Concentration of carbon dioxide(%) Criteria for marking graph: Criteria Mark allocation Bar graph is drawn (T) 1 Caption of the graph includes both variables 1 (C) Correct labels on x-axis and y-axis (L) 1 Correct scale for y-axis 1 Equal spaces between bars and equal width of bars for x-axis (S) Plotting: (P) 1 1 – 5 co-ordinates are plotted correctly All 6 co-ordinates are plotted correctly 2 Histogram or line graph drawn: - Lose marks for type of graph and for scale Transposed axes: - Can get full credit if axes labels are also swapped and bars are horizontal - if labels are not corresponding, then lose marks for labels and scale - Check that the plotting is correct for the given labels (6) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10 LIFE SCIENCES PI (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) 3.2.7 As concentration of carbon dioxide increases the rate of photosynthesis increases ✓✓ (2) 3.3 3.3.1 (a) 20 ✓ Brix (1) (b) 7% ✓v/v (1) 3.3.2 Carbon dioxide ✓ (1) 3.3.3 - During fermentation process, the lactic acid bacteria creates an acid medium ✓ (produce lactic acid while breaking down sugar) - favourable for the multiplication/ breeding of yeast cells ✓ - The yeast produces vitamins and increase other nutritional components such as amino acids ✓ - for the growth of lactic acid bacteria ✓ (4 x 1) (4) 3.3.4 17 – 7 = 10 ✓ 10 × 100 ✓ = 58,82 ✓% (3) 17 3.3.5 The completion of fermentation is indicated by the levelling of the sugar concentration ✓ (Brix level) (1) 3.3.6 - The micro-organisms/lactic acid bacteria and yeast derive energy ✓ - from the decomposition of sugar ✓ in the banana juice and sorghum mix - As fermentation progresses, more sugar will be broken down ✓ and this will lead to the decrease in the sugar content (3) 3.4 - Glucose levels in the blood increase above the normal levels ✓ - the pancreas is stimulated ✓ - to secrete insulin into the blood - insulin travels in the blood to the liver ✓ - where it stimulates the conversion of excess glucose to glycogen ✓ - which is then stored ✓ - the glucose level in the blood now decreases ✓ - and returns to normal ✓ (Any 7 x 1) (7) [50] TOTAL SECTION B: 100 GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved Please turn over