Geography Grade 12 Paper 1 KZN Prelim 2016 Question Paper

Education KwaZulu-Natal Department of Education REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA POC 2 Lee leer. " GEOGRAPHY P1 i ” ” : PREPARATORY EXAMINATION : . SEPTEMBER 2016 i ‘ reer rT NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE MARKS: 225 ‘IME: 3 hours This question paper consists of 15 pages and a 11 page Annexure. Please Turn Over

Geography/P4 2 NSC INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 41. This question paper consists of FOUR questions. 2. Answer ANY THREE questions of 75 marks each. 3. ALL diagrams are included in the ANNEXURE. 4, Leave a line between subsections of questions answered, 5. Start EACH question at the top of a NEW page. 6. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. 7. Do NOT write in the margins of your ANSWER BOOK. 8. Where possible, illustrate your answers with labelled diagrams. 9. Write clearly and legibly. Copyright Reserved September 2016 Preparatory Examination Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 SECTION A: CLIMATE, WEATHER AND GEOMORPHOLOGY Answer at least ONE question from SECTION A. If you answer ONE question from SECTION A you must answer both questions from SECTION B. QUESTION 1 4.1. FIGURE 1.1 illustrates the origin of a mid-latitude cyclone in the Southern Hemisphere. Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the correct answer and write only the letter (A—D) next to the question number (1.1.1-1.1.7) in the answer book e.g. 1.1.8 D. 1.1.1. The latitude at P is approximately ...south. A B Cc D 1.1.2 The line labelled Q is known as the ...front. A B Cc D 1.1.3 The following air movements take place along the line labelled Q. A B ) Cc D 1.1.4 The winds at R are known as ...winds. A B c D o°-5° 70° ~ 90° 55° — 65° 25° - 35° polar moisture cold warm convergence and subsidence convergence and upliftment divergence and subsidence divergence and upliftment westerly polar easterly polar westerly tropical easterly 1.1.5 The air mass at Tis ... A B Cc D Copyright Reserved cold and humid. cold and dry. warm and humid. warm and dry. September 2016 Preparatory Examination Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 4.2 4 NSC 4.1.6 As this system develops it moves from ... A north to south. B east to west. Cc south to north. D west to east. 4.1.7 The mid-latitude cyclone shown in FIGURE 1.1 is inits ...stage of development. A initial B wave Cc warm sector/mature D occlusion Choose a term from COLUMN B that matches the description in COLUMN Write down the question number (1.2.1 — 1.2.8) one below the other and w only the correct letter next to the question number in the ANSWER BOOK. e.g. 1.2.9 J. September 2016 Preparatory Examination (7x 1) (7) A. rite COLUMN A COLUMN B 1.2.1 Fluvial feature found at the mouth of a river A ox-bow lake 1.2.2 Water that enters the soil B waterfall 1.2.3. The upper level of groundwater Cc base flow 1.2.4 Fluvial feature formed mainly by vertical erosion | D infiltration 1.2.5 Water that flows on the surface after it rains E delta 1.2.6 Flow of water under ground to rivers F water table 1.2.7 Fluvial feature formed when the neck of a G v-shaped valley meander is bridged during a flood H run-off 1.2.8 Fluvial feature formed at a knickpoint. | groundwater (8 x 1)(8) Please Turn Over Copyright Reserved

Geography/P1 1.3 14 Copyright Reserved 5 September 2016 Preparatory Examination NSC Study FIGURE 1.3 which shows a sketch of a hurricane approaching the USA. 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3 Provide evidence from FIGURE 1.3 that a hurricane is shown. (1x 1)(1) Provide TWO pieces of evidence from FIGURE 1.3 that the Texan coastal community is well-prepared for the possible occurrence of a hurricane. (2 x 1) (2) With reference to FIGURE 1.3, give ONE reason why one can say that the hurricane is in its mature stage of development. (1 x 2) (2) 1.3.4 Of what importance is satellite imagery in the tracking of a 1.3.5 1.3.6 hurricane? (1x 2)(2) Give ONE reason why this hurricane will dissipate when it makes landfall (reaches land). (1x 2) (2) In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, assess, why the impact of this hurricane will be less severe in terms of the loss of lives for the USA as compared to a tropical cyclone of a similar intensity if it struck Mozambique. (4.x 2)(8) Study FIGURE 1.4 illustrating the influence of aspect in a valley in the Southern Hemisphere. 1.4.1 1.4.2 1.4.3 1.4.4 1.4.5 Define the term aspect. (1x 1)(1) Give ONE piece of evidence from the diagram that the illustrated valley is in the Southern Hemisphere. (1x1) (1) Draw a simple, labelled, freehand sketch to illustrate the development of katabatic air flow at night time in this valley. (3 x 1) (3) Describe TWO conditions necessary for the formation of frost on the valley floor in winter. (2 x 2)(4) Explain why farmers will be selective about the crops they plant on slopes at A and B respectively. (2 x 2) (4) Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 1.6 1.6 6 NSC Study FIGURE 1.5 which shows the longitudinal profile of the Boquet river. 1.5.1 1.6.2 1.5.3 1.5.4 1.5.5 Define the term /ongtitudinal profile. Name the source of the Boquet river. Identify ONE temporary base level along the Boquet River. Explain how the Boquet River’s gradient in its upper course enables it to erode. Explain in a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines how river rejuvenation could change the fluvial features along the course of the Boquet River. Study FIGURE 1.6 that shows the Tugela drainage basin and answer the questions that follow. 1.6.1 1.6.2 1.6.3 1.6.4 1.6.5 1.6.6 Define the term drainage basin. Name the drainage pattern of the Tugela River. Identify the feature marked C in FIGURE 1.6. The Tugela river shows a medium to high drainage density. Explain TWO factors that could have contributed to this drainage density. Determine the stream order where the Tugela river enters the ocean. Suppose that this drainage basin receives heavy rainfall for several days. (a) How will this continuous heavy rainfall impact on the stream order of the Tugela River where it enters the sea. (b) Explain your answer to QUESTION 1.6.6 (a). Copyright Reserved September 2016 Preparatory Examination (1x 1)(1) (1x 1)(1) (1x 1)(1) (2 x 2)(4) (4 x 2) (8) (1x 1)(1) (1x1) (1) (1.x 1) (1) (2 x 2) (4) (1 x 2) (2) (4 x 2) (2) (2x 2) (4) (75) Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 September 2016 Preparatory Examination 7 NSC QUESTION 2 2.1. Refer to FIGURE 2.1 showing a synoptic weather map. (The letters A, B, C and D have been printed on the synoptic chart) 2.1.1 Give ONE piece of evidence from the synoptic weather map that indicates that the map represents a summer situation. 2.1.2 Describe the pressure gradient at A. 2.1.3 Identify the pressure cells B and C. 2.1.4 With reference to the weather system D: (a) Identify the weather system. (b) | How many such weather systems had occurred before Bongani in the present season. (c) State the latitudinal position of this system. (d) Give the general direction of movement of this system. (8 x 1) (8) 2.2 Refer FIGURE 2.2 Choose the correct word from within the brackets. Write only the question number and your choice of word e.g. 2.2.8 metamorphic. 2.2.1 The underlying rock structure of this river is (sedimentary/igneous). 2.2.2 The meandering river at 1 is found in its (upper/middle) course. 2.2.3 The uplifted feature at 2 is caused by (folding/faulting). 2.2.4 The rate of erosion is the (same/not the same) as the rate of upliftment. 2.2.5 A common fluvial landscape found at 3 is a (gorge/waterfall). 2.2.6 The river is much (older/younger) than the surrounding landscape. 2.2.7 The FIGURE 2.2 shows a (superimposed/antecedent) river drainage. (7x 1)(7) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

2.3 24 Geography/P1 8 September 2016 Preparatory Examination NSC Refer to FIGURE 2.3 showing heat island and pollution dome experienced during the day. 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.3 2.3.4 2.3.5 2.3.6 Define the term pollution dome. (1.x 1)(1) State the difference in temperature between rural and urban areas. (1 x 1)(1) With reference to evapo-transpiration, give ONE reason for the lower temperatures experienced in rural areas. Compare the levels of precipitation over a city to that of the rural areas, Comment on the quality of precipitation experienced over a city. In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, describe, with reasons, how the heat and pollution dome will change during the night. Refer to FIGURE 2.4 A and 2.4 B showing the different positions of the upper air inversion layer over South Africa. 2.41 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.4.4 245 2.4.6 Define the term Inversion layer. Which of the diagrams, FIGURE 2.4 A or 2.4 B, represents summer months? Give ONE reason for your answer to QUESTION 2.4.2. Name the high pressure cell responsible for the changing altitude of the inversion layer, Explain how the position of the inversion layer influences the amount of rainfall received over the South African interior in FIGURE 2.4 A. How will the varying amounts of rainfall over the South African interior in summer and winter, impact on farming activities? Copyright Reserved (1x 2) (2) (1x 2)(2) (1 x 2)(2) (4x2) (8) (1x1) (1) (1x 1) (1) (1 x 2) (2) (1x2) (2) (2 x 2) (4) (2 x 2) (4) Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 9 September 2016 Preparatory Examination NSC 2.5 Refer to FIGURE 2.5 showing river capture. 2.5.1 Define the term river capture. (1x 1)(1) : 2.5.2 \dentify the features of river capture labelled B and C. (2 x 1) (2) 2.5.3 Provide TWO possible reasons why river Y captured river X. (2 x 2) (4) 2.54 Mention TWO changes in river B after river capture has taken place. (2 x 2) (4) 2.5.5 Outline the impact of river capture on farming activities along river B. (2 x 2) (4) 2.6 Read the article in FIGURE 2.6 which is a case study of the Kat River Valley catchment in the Eastern Cape. 2.6.1 Define the term catchment management. (1x 1) (4) 2.6.2 State the environmental problem that led to decline of the water quality of the water of the Kat River catchment area. (1x 1) (1) 2.6.3 What is the main aim of the Department of Water Affairs and the community stakeholders in the Kat River catchment project? (1x 1) (1) 2.6.4. Why is it important to involve the local communities in catchment management? (2.x 2) (4) 2.6.5 As anewly appointed environmental officer in the Department of Water Affairs, outline your strategies to help rectify the damage to the Kat River Dam and to reduce the water stress being experienced by local Municipalities in the Kat River Valley catchment area. (4 x 2) (8) [75] Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Goography/P1 10 NSC September 2016 Preparatory Examination SECTION B: RURAL AND URBAN SETTLEMENT, ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY OF SOUTH AFRICA Answer at least ONE question from this section. If you answer ONE question from SECTION B you must answer both questions from SECTION A. QUESTION 3 3.1 3.2 Study FIGURE 3.1 showing rural settlement patterns found in South Africa. 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.3 3.1.4 3.1.5 3.1.6 Identify each of the settlement patterns labelled A and D. Identify the shape of settlement B. Give ONE factor that may have influenced the shape of settlement B. Which settlement is a wet point settlement? Why is settlement mentioned in QUESTION 3.1.4 a wet point settlement? Identify the physical factor responsible for the site of settlement A. (7 x 1){7) Choose a term from COLUMN B that matches the description in COLUMN A. Write down (3.2.1 ~ 3.2.8) one below the other and write only the correct letter next to the question number in the ANSWER BOOK. e.g. 3.2.9 J. COLUMN A COLUMN B 3.2.1 Industries that depend largely on manual A Tertiary labour B Labour intensive 3.2.2 Establishment of new industries outside the core areas Cc Trade 3.2.3 Industries that use expensive machinery on D Capital intensive large scale 3.2.4 Economic activity that renders a service E Industrial decentralisation 3.2.5 import and export relations between countries ; F Footloose 3.2.6 Value of goods and services produced in a country in one year G Gross domestic product 3.2.7 Economic activity that involves scientific research H Bridge industries 3.2.8 Industries that are not affected by locational I Quaternary factors (8 x 1) (8) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 11 NSC September 2016 Preparatory Examination 3.3. Rural urban migration has become a world-wide trend in recent times. As a result of this trend, more and more people live in urban areas. South Africa is not unique in the problems experienced in rural settlements. 3.3.1 Define the term rural-urban migration. 3.3.2 Give ONE push factor responsible for rural-urban migration. 3.3.3 Explain TWO sustainable farming strategies that can be used to attract people to the rural areas. 3.3.4 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT fines, evaluate the consequences of rural-urban migration on rural areas. 3.4 Refer to FIGURE 3.4 based on Urban Sprawl. 3.4.1 Define the term urban sprawl. 3.4.2 What message is the cartoonist trying to convey (get across) to readers about urban sprawl? 3.4.3 State ONE reason why people and businesses are attracted to the outskirts of the city. 3.4.4. Why are farmers concerned about urban sprawl? 3.4.5 Mention ONE problem that city councils experience regarding urban sprawl. 3.4.6 Provide TWO possible solutions to slow down urban sprawl. 3.5 Refer to FIGURE 3.5 based on South African mining and quarrying. 3.5.1. To which economic sector does mining and quarrying belong to? 3.5.2 Describe the trend in the contribution of mining and quarrying to South Africa’s GDP. 3.5.3 Provide ONE reason why the South African mining industry must be revitalised (strengthened). 3.5.4 Discuss the significance of mining and quarrying to the South African economy. 3.5.5 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, discuss how labour issues and mining hazards contributed to the trend described in QUESTION 3.5.2. Copyright Reserved (1x 1)(1) (1x 2)(2) (2x 2) (4) (4x 2)(8) (1«1)(1) (4 x 2) (2) (1x2) (2) (2 x 2) (4) (1.x 2) (2) (2 x 2)(4) (1x 1)(1) (1x1) (1) (1x1) (1) (2x 2) (4) (4x 2) (8) Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 12 September 2016 Preparatory Examination NSC 3.6 Read the extract on the Eastern Cape in FIGURE 3.6. South Africa's fourth largest industrial region, Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage, is located in this province, 3.6.1 Name the main industry found in the Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage industrial region. 3.6.2 What is meant by the term subsidiary industries as mentioned in the extract? 3,6.3 Mention ONE product produced by the subsidiary industries found in the Port Elizabeth Uitenhage industrial region. 3.6.4 Explain why the location of the Port Elizabeth Uitenhage industrial region is an advantage for international trade. 3.6.5 The situation of the Port Elizabeth Uitenhage industrial region, far from the major power stations has increased the cost of electricity. Explain how this cost factor can be overcome. 3.6.6 Discuss the importance of Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage industrial region to the economic development of the Eastern Cape. Copyright Reserved (1x 1)(1) (1x1) (1) (1x1) (1) (2 x 2) (4) (2 x2) (4) (2 x 2) (4) [75] Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 13 September 2016 Preparatory Examination NSC QUESTION 4 41 4,2 Copyright Reserved Select your answer from alternatives provided within the block. Write down question numbers (4.1.1 — 4.1.8) one below the other and write only the answer next to it. urban profile, conurbation, urban growth, urban expansion, counter-urbanisation, village, metropolis, town, megalopolis 4.4.2 4.1.3 4.1.4 4.1.5 4.1.6 4.1.7 4.1.8 A large city surrounded by several towns which are dependent on it. The smallest urban settlement. A large urban settlement formed when several towns and cities merge as a result of rapid expansion. A large settlement formed when several conurbations merge. The physical or aerial growth of a town or city. Side view of a town or city. The increase in the number of urban inhabitants, Movement of people from major cities to smaller urban settlements and rural areas. (8 x 1) (8) Refer to FIGURE 4.2 which shows types of farming (A and B). Match the farming type A or B to the statements below. 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5 4.2.6 4.2.7 High yield per hectare. Presence of farm boundaries and roads. Traditional farming methods are used. Farm for own use. Large capital input needed. Contributes to food security. Crops such as maize and vegetable are grown on asmallscale. (7 x 1) (7) Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 14 September 2016 Preparatory Examination NSC 4.3 Refer to FIGURE 4,3 based on land reform in South Africa. 4.3.1 Name ONE factor prior to 1994 that allowed white commercial farmers to control 80% of agricultural land. (1x 1) (1) 4.3.2 Suggest TWO main reasons for land reform in post- apartheid South Africa, (2 x 2) (4) 4.3.3 Describe the principle of the ‘willing seller, willing buyer’ (WSWB). (1 x 2) (2) 4.3.4 Explain TWO ways in which the principle of the WSWB has impacted negatively on land reform. (2 x 2) (4) 4.3.5 Discuss TWO challenges/obstacles (excluding the WSWB) that have resulted from the Land Reform Programme. (2 x 2) (4) (>) 4.4 Refer to FIGURE 4.4 showing the CBD of a large city. 4.4.1 Write out the abbreviation CBD in full. (1x 1) (4) 4.4.2 Provide evidence from the source to indicate that the CBD; (a) _ is most accessible. (1x 1) (1) (b) has intensive land-use. (1x1) (1) 4.4.3 Discuss TWO reasons why the CBD has a larger population density during the day than during the night. (2 x 2) (4) 4.4.4 The CBD is losing its prominence (importance) in many South ; African cities due to Jack of planning. In a paragraph of ( approximately EIGHT lines, outline possible solutions to revitalise (renew) the CBD into a sustainable unit. (4 x 2) (8) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Geography/P1 15 September 2016 Preparatory Examination NSC 4.5 Refer to FIGURE 4.5 showing one solution for food insecurity in South Africa. 4.5.1. Define the term food insecurity. (1.x 1)(1) 4.5.2 What is a genetically modified crop? (1.x 1) (1) 4.5.3. Which words in the cartoon indicates that the two businessmen are dissatisfied with the independent scientist overseeing the GM crop production programme. (1x 1) (1) 4.5.4 Explain the significance of the independent scientists standing outside the fence. (2 x 2) (4) 4.5.5 Discuss TWO ways in which genetically modified foods can help solve the problem of food insecurity in South Africa. (2 x 2) (4) 4.5.6 Explain how poor and incorrect farming methods have contributed to food insecurity. (2 x 2) (4) 4.6 Study FIGURE 4.6 based on Richards Bay Industrial Development Zone. 4.6.1 Define the term Industria! Development Zone. (1.x 1) (4) 4.6.2. What makes Richards Bay strategically placed as an Industrial Development Zone? (2 x 1) (2) 4.6.3 Describe the relationship between an Industrial Development Initiative and a Spatial Development Zone. (1 x 2) (2) 4.6.4. Mention ONE contribution of the Richards Bay IDZ to the development of the local communities. (1 x 2) (2) 4.6.5 The Richards Bay IDZ claims to be operating within a global context, with great potential for development. In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, discuss the factors that favour economic development in the Richards Bay IDZ. (4 x 2) (8) [75] GRAND TOTAL: [225] Copyright Reserved