Geography Grade 12 Paper 2 Mpumalanga Mock 2025 Memo

education MPUMALANGA PROVINCE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 GEOGRAPHY P2 SEPTEMBER 2025 MARKING GUIDELINES MARKS:150 TIME: 3hours This marking guidelines consists of 10 pages

MDE/September 2025 MARKING PRINCIPLES FOR GEOQGRAPHY- NSC SEPTEMBER 2025. The following marking principles have been developed to standardise marking in all schools in the province. MARKING e ALL questions MUST be marked, irrespective of whether it is correct or incorrect. e Where the maximum marks have been allocated for a particular question, place an M over the remainder of the text to indicate the maximum marks have been achieved. e Aclear, neat tick must be used: c If ONE mark is allocated, ONE tick must be used: If TWO marks are allocated, TWO ticks must be used: The tick must be placed at the FACT that a mark is being allocated for. s Ticks must be kept SMALL, as various layers of moderation may take place. « Incorrect answers must be marked with a clear, neat cross: o Use MORE than one cross across a paragraph/discussion style questions to indicate that all facts have been considered. o Do NOT draw a line through an incorrect answer. o DoNOT underline the incorrect facts. For the following action words, ONE word answers are acceptable: list, name, state, identify For the following action words, a FULL sentence must be written: describe, explain, evaluate, analyse, suggest, differentiate, distinguish, define, discuss, why, how. The following action words need to be read within its context to determine whether a ONE- word answer or FULL sentence is required: provide, what, tabulate and give NOTE THE FOLLOWING e If the numbering is incorrect or left out, as long as the sequence of answers to questions is followed candidates can be credited. Spelling errors if recognisable, award the marks provided the meaning is correct. Be sensitive to the sense of an answer, which may be stated in a different way. In questions where a letter is the accepted response, but the learner writes the actual answer- award marks. e There will be additional guidelines for the marking of certain questions. TOTALLING AND TRANSFERRING OF MARKS e Each sub-question must be totalled. o Questions in Section A has five sub-sections, therefore five sub-totals per question required. o Section B has three sub-sections and three sub-totals. o Sub-section totals to be written in the right-hand margin at the end of the subsection and underlined. o Sub-totals must be written legibly. Leave room to write in moderated marks on different levels. Total sub-totals and transfer total to top left-hand margin next to question number. Transfer total to cover of answer book Copyright reserved Please turn over

MDE/September 2025 SECTION A: RURAL AND URBAN SETTLEMENTS AND THE ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY OF SOUTH AFRICA QUESTION 1; RURAL AND URBAN SETTLEMENTS 14. 4.4.1 Y(1) 11.2 Z(1) 1.1.3 Z(1) 1.1.8 Y(1) (8 x 1) (8) 1.2 1.2.1 B(1) 1.2.2, B(1) 1.2.3 A(1) 1.2.4 C(1) 1.2.5 C(1) 1.2.6 A(1) 1.2.7 A(1) (7x1) (7) Copyright reserved Please turn over

MDE/September 2025 1.3. 1.3.1. (People/elderly woman) not having access to water.(1) (ix) €) 1.3.2 33% of the taps are not working. (2) Overflowing reservoirs. (2) Leaking pressure tanks.(2) [ANY TWO] (2x2) (4) 1.3.3 Only old people stay behind; young people move to the cities — production decrease. (2) (accept examples) Shops and schools close down. (2) (accept examples) Buildings are abandoned giving rise to ghost settlements. (2) Resources become under-utilised. (2) Family units are broken, e.g. when parents leave children with grandparents to work in urban areas. (2) Poverty will increase. (2) Brain cirain (2) [ANY THREE] (3x2) (6) 1.3.4. Provision of basic services such as water, housing, health, etc. (2) Improve infrastructure (2) (accept examples) Create job opportunities. (2) (accept examples) Land reform should be accelerated (2) (accept examples) Upskilling of farmers to increase production (2) Improve working conditiuis and salaries in rural areas (2) (accept examples) Promote touri:.:1 (2) (acces! examples) Provide subsidies (2) [ANY TWO] (2x2) (4) 1.4. 1.4.1. High income residential (1) (1x1) (1) 1.4.2 Large plots (2) Away from CBD (2) Has good views and sceneries (2) Large, well maintained houses (2) Located along the coast/ next to Atlantic Ocean (2) Different architectural designs (2) [ANY ONE] (1x2) (2) 1.4.3 The Ocean (2) Table Mountain / relief (2) Twelve Apostles mountain range (2) Aesthetic appeal (2) [ANY TWO] (2x2) (4) 1.4.4 Socio-economic status /wealth (2) Low income dwellers prefer to be closer to workplace (2) High income dwellers prefer the peacefullness ourtside the CBD(2) [ANY TWO] (2x2) (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

MDE/September 2025 1.4.5 Low income residential areas have small stands/properties. (2) Low income residential areas are located closer to factories/CBD(2) High income residential areas have big stands/properties.(2) High income residential areas are located away from the CBD/in suburbs(2) Better recreational areas in high income residential areas (2) Land valtice ‘= High income residential areas are higher (2) Land valt.’:: °:: Low income residential areas are lower (2) High buil.’ ©: s:ensity in low income residential areas (2) Low builc:nic: density in High income residential areas (2) [ANY TWO] (2x2) (4) 1.5 1.5.1 (Traffic) congestion (1) (1x1) (1) 1.5.2 At 08:00 most people are going to work / social amenities (2) At 17:00 people are travelling back home after work (2) [ANY ONE] (1x2) (2) 1.5.3 Travel time increases during the peak hours (2) (1x2) (2) 1.5.4 Commuters can be late for work (2) May lead to commuters signing warnings at work (2) May result to retrenchment (2) Commuters have to spend more money on fuel (2) May result to high level of accidents (2) May result in road rage (2) Smash and grabs increase (2) Loss of income (2) Stress and anxiety (2) [ANY TWO] (2x2) (4) 1.5.5 Introduce other viable forms of rapid and safe transport (2) Commercial decentralisation (2) More stringent regulations and monitoring of public transport (2) Staggered hours (2) Reliable, efficient, safe and comfortable public transport system (2) Cycle lanes encourage people to cycle rather than use cars over short distances (2) Use of ring roads and by-passes (2) Park and ride facilities (2) Charging cars to enter CBD (2) One way streets to speed up traffic flow (2) Multi-storey parking bays with specific drop off and pick up points for public transport. (2) Encourage lift clubs (2) Synchronised traffic lights (2) [ANY THREE] (3x2) (6) [60] Copyright reserved Please turn over

MDE/September 2025 QUESTION 2: ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY OF SOUTH AFRICA 2.1 2.41.1 BUI) 2.1.2 B(1) 2.1.3 C(1) 2.1.6 C(1) 2.1.7 D(1) 2.1.8 B(1) (8x1) (8) 2.2 2.2.1 primary (1) 2.2.2 Gauteng (1) 2.2.3 high(1) 2.2.4 — limit(1) 2.2.5 labour strikes(1) 2.2.6 A processed product(1)} 2.2.7 high (1) (7x1) (7) 2.3 2.3.1 When people in a country have enough access to nutritious food (2) [CONCEPT] (1x2) (2) 2.3.2 Northern Cape / NK (1) (1x1) (1) 2.3.3 22% (2) (1x2) (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

MDE/September 2025 2.3.4 Change increases the frequency droughts/flood which reduce food production. (2) Changes to precipitation and temperature, which alter agricultural practises. (2) Disrupt agricultural production which prevents the adequate distribution of food. (2) Can indirectly cause rise in food prices and making it unaffordable. (2) [ANY TWO] (2 x 2) (4) PART MARKING: Change increases the frequency droughts (1) Changes to precipitation and temperature, (1) Disrupt agricultural production. (1) Can indirectly cause rise in food. (1) [MAX TWO MARKS FOR PART MARKING] 2.3.5 Use genetically modified crops (2) Reduce subsistence farming. (2) Education, training and skills development of farmers. (2) Planting surplus in good seasons. (2) Improved scientific farming methods. (2) Availability of funding for new and small scale farmers. (2) Accelerate land reform (2) [ANY THREE] (3x2) (6) 2.4 2.4.1 Chemical Industries (1) Iron and steel (1) Metal processing (1) Explosives (1) [ANY ONE] (1x1) (1) 2.4.2 ‘lost production’ (1) ‘increased costs’(1) ‘plant closures’(1) [ANY TWO] (2x1) (2) 2.4.3. Availability of raw materials (2) Located on fairly flat land (2) Water is available from Tugela and Lesotho highlands water scheme (2) [ANY TWO] (2x2) (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

MDE/September 2025 2.4.4 Many skilled/unskilled labourers ensure a high level of productivity (2) A well-developed infrastructure providing essential services (2) Capital and technology to maintain high levels of production (2) Wide variety of raw materials to support industrial development (2) Dense/large population creates readily available market/higher purchasing power (2) Flat land facilitates the development of new industries (2) Weil-developed transport system to transport raw materials/goods (2) OR Tambo provides access to international investors (2) Wide variety of established secondary and tertiary industries (2) [ANY FOUR] (4x2) (8) MARKING: skilled/unskillec! !abourers (1) -developed infrastructure {1) Capitat and technology to maintain high levels of production (1) Wide variety of raw materials (1) Dense/large population creates readily available market/higher purchasing power (1) Flat land (1) Well-developed transport system (1) OR Tambo provides access (1) Wide variety of established secondary and tertiary industries (1) 2.5 2.5.1 Beadwork/artwork/jewellery from beads. (1) Traditional attire (1 } (1x1) (1) 2.5.2 The part of the economy that is not regulated or taxed by the government. (2) [CONCEPT] (1x2) (2) 2.5.3. ‘Can't read and write’ (2) ‘Without literacy skills’ (2) [ANY ONE] (1x2) (2) 2.5.4 Small amount of products /little capital investment (2) The informal trader is a woman (women and children are mainly involved in this sector (2) The woman is semi-skilled (can’t read or write) (2) [ANY TWO] (2x2) (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

MDE/September 2025 2.5.5 Traders are frequently harassed by local authorities (2) (Hawkers) do not have access fo proper trading facilities (2) They do not have the skill and education to enter the formal economy (2) Banks are reluctant to give them loans (2) They borrow money from money lenders who charge them high interest rates (2) They incur high costs when they have to transport their goods over long distances (2) Unirelianie inconte (2) Vulnerable to harsh weather conditions (2) Vulnerable to crime (2) [ANY TWO] (2x2) (4) 2.5.6 Provide proper storage facilities. (2) Provide permanent stalls for the people to sell their goods. (2) Provide training to people, to uplift their skills. (2) Improve access to finance. (2) Improve access to infrastructure and services, e.g. water, sanitation.(2) Introduce licensing requirements to regulate the informal sector. (2) Improve partnership between informal and formal sector (2) [ANY ONE] (1x2) (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

MDE/September 2025 SECTION B QUESTION 3: GEOGRAPHICAL SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES 3.1. MAP SKILLS AND CALCULATIONS 3.1 3.1.1 B(1) (1x1) (1) 3.1.2 A(1) (1x 1) 3.1.3 Actual distance = Map distance x Map scale = 4(1)cmx 500m Range [3.9cm — 4.1cm] = 2000 m (1) Range [1950m — 2050m] (2x1) 3.1.4 133° (2) Range [132°- 1349] (1x 2) 3.1.5 Total change = 11 years x 4’ = 44’(1) Magnetic declination 2025: 17° 16’ + (1) 44’ 18°00' West of True North (1) (3 x 1) 3.1.6 133° + 18°00'= 151°00'(1) Range [150° - 153°] (1x 1) 3.2. MAP INTERPRETATION 3.2.1 (a) Grid iron pattern (1) (1x1) (b) Motorists will get delayed to work, which can cause them to be retrenched from work. (2) Motorist will spend more money of fuel due to the too many intersections. (2) Motorists can be exposed to crime at the intersections resulting to the need to replace stolen assets or repairing damaged items. (2) Increases the maintenance costs (wear and tear of a car) (2) [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) 3.2.2 (a) Rural urban fringe. (1) (1x 1) (b) The gradient of the land is gentle. (2) It is near the roads which make accessible (2) It is located in the outskirts which allows room for expansion. (2) [ANY ONE) (1 x 2) 3.2.3 (a) crop farming(1) (1x 1) (b) It provides food (to the farmer and their families (2) Provides food security (to the farmer and his family) (2) Reduce poverty (Z) Improves the standard of living (2) [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (1) (2) (2) (1) (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

MDE/September 2025 3.2.4 (a) Tertiary (1) (1x1) (1) (b) Provides employment for the residents of Geelhoutpark(2) Provide tourism destination for the residents of Geelhoutpark(2) Social events (2) [ANY ONE] (1x2) (2) 3.3. GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) 3.3.1. Polygon (1) (1x1) (1) 3.3.2 Topography / Relief (1) Drainage layer (1) Infrastructure (1) Geology (1) ACCEPT Land use (1) [ANY ONE] (1x1) 3.3.3 It allows comparison of data layers to find the most suitable location of a feature. (2) (1x2) (2) 3.3.4 Buffering refers to demarcation of an area. (1x2) (2) 3.3.5 To prevent unwanted people from entering the diggings. (2) To protect people/animals from falling into the diggings. (2) [ANY ONE] (1x2) (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over