Geography Grade 12 Paper 1 NSC November 2022 Memo (English)

Downloaded from hlayiso.com NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 GEOGRAPHY P1 NOVEMBER 2022 MARKING GUIDELINES MARKS: 150 These marking guidelines consist of 13 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 2 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Marking Guidelines MARKING PRINCIPLES FOR GEOGRAPHY- NSC NOVEMBER 2022 AND NSC/SC JUNE 2023 The following marking principles have been developed to standardise marking in all provinces. MARKING  ALL questions MUST be marked, irrespective of whether it is correct or incorrect  Where the maximum marks have been allocated for a particular question, place an over the remainder of the text to indicate the maximum marks have been achieved.  A clear, neat tick must be used:  o If ONE mark is allocated, ONE tick must be used:  o If TWO marks are allocated, TWO ticks must be used:  o The tick must be placed at the FACT that a mark is being allocated for o Ticks must be kept SMALL, as various layers of moderation may take place  Incorrect answers must be marked with a clear, neat cross:  o Use MORE than one cross across a paragraph/discussion style questions to indicate that all facts have been considered o Do NOT draw a line through an incorrect answer o Do NOT underline the incorrect facts For the following action words, ONE word answers are acceptable: list, name, state, identify For the following action words, a FULL sentence must be written: describe, explain, evaluate, analyse, suggest, differentiate, distinguish, define, discuss, why, how The following action words need to be read within its context to determine whether a ONE- word answer or FULL sentence is required: provide, what, tabulate and give NOTE THE FOLLOWING  If the numbering is incorrect or left out, as long as the sequence of answers to questions is followed candidates can be credited  Spelling errors if recognisable, award the marks provided the meaning is correct.  Be sensitive to the sense of an answer, which may be stated in a different way  In questions where a letter is the accepted response, but the learner writes the actual answer- award marks.  There will be additional guidelines for the marking of certain questions. (*) TOTALLING AND TRANSFERRING OF MARKS  Each sub-question must be totalled o Questions in Section A has five sub-sections, therefore five sub-totals per question required. Section B has three sub-sections and three sub-totals. o Sub-section totals to be written in the right-hand margin at the end of the sub- section and underlined o Sub-totals must be written legibly o Leave room to write in moderated marks on different levels  Total sub-totals and transfer total to top left-hand margin next to question number  Transfer total to cover of answer book Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 3 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 1 1.1.1 A (South Atlantic High) (1)  1.1.2 B (Kalahari High) (1)  1.1.3 B (South Indian) (1)  2 1.2.1 Melting snow  1.2.2 Mouth  1.2.3 Third order  2 1.3.1 Katabatic  1.3.2 1 occurs during the day while 2 occurs at night  1.3.3 Cold air rolls down into the valley and forms an inversion  Air flows downslope 6 1.4.1 Shape of front concave  Steep gradient of front  1.4.2 Warm air undercuts the cold air    1.4.3 Air behind the cold front is colder than the air in front. Cold air moves faster than warm air ahead of it. Cold front catches up with  the warm front. 7 1.5.1 (a) A river that only flows all year round  (b) The river channel is wide    (c) Regularity of rainfall and the soil type over which the streams flow. 1.5.2  Gauteng and the Eastern Cape  1.5.3 The cost of food production will increase at it is costly to buy purified water. Farmers will have to buy more chemicalsto purify water. Chemicals cost a lot and this will increase production costs. It will be costly to purify water for use in electricity generation. These costs will be included in electricity prices. Costs will increase the price of electricity during production. There will be less clean water to generate hydro- electricity. 13 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 4 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Marking Guidelines SECTION A: CLIMATE AND WEATHER AND GEOMORPHOLOGY QUESTION 1: CLIMATE AND WEATHER 1.1 1.1.1 D (1) 1.1.2 B (1) 1.1.3 A (1) 1.1.4 B (1) 1.1.5 D (1) 1.1.6 C (1) 1.1.7 C (1) 1.1.8 D (1) (8 x 1) (8) 1.2 1.2.1 Z (1) 1.2.2 Y (1) 1.2.3 Y (1) 1.2.4 Z (1) 1.2.5 Z (1) 1.2.6 Y (1) 1.2.7 Z (1) (7 x 1) (7) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 5 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Marking Guidelines 1.3 1.3.1 Westerlies (1) (1 x 1) (1) 1.3.2 Cold front (1) (1 x 1) (1) 1.3.3 A (1) (1 x 1) (1) 1.3.4 The windspeed behind the cold front is faster (30 knots) (2) GIVE A REASON FOR YOUR ANSWER The windspeed behind the warm front is slower (10 knots) (2) TO QUESTION 1.3.3. Ahead of the cold front the air is warmer/less dense/lighter (2) Ahead of the warm front the air is colder/denser/heavier (2) Warm front use energy to move forward and rise (2) The pressure gradient associated with the cold front is steeper (2) [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) 1.3.5 Clockwise circulation of air (2) GIVE EVIDENCE FROM THE Position of the low pressure is south of the system (2) SKETCH THAT THE Warm sector / Cold front is to the north (2) MID- LATITUDE Cold sector / Warm front is to the south (2) CYCLONE IS FOUND THE IN Backing of the wind occurs (2) SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE Apex is to the south (2). [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) 1.3.6 (a) Z (2) (1 x 2) (2) GIVE EVIDENCE THAT C IS A (b) The air behind the cold front is colder (10˚C) than the cool air in front COLD FRONT OCCLUSION. of the warm front (14˚C) (2) The cold front symbol is at the apex of the mid-latitude cyclone (2) Cold front touches the surface (2) Cold front has uplifted the warm front (2) Cumulonimbus clouds evident (2) [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) EXPLAIN HOW THE FRONT COLD (c) The cold front which is moving faster undercuts/overtakes (√) the OCCLUSION DEVELOPED. warm front (2) * The warm air is forced to rise (√), resulting in the narrowing of the warm sector (2) The cool air (in front of the warm front) (√) is completely uplifted (2) [ANY TWO – Accept 2 x 1 if not qualified] (2 x 2) (4) Part marking guideline Process: 1. undercutting 2. Upliftment 3. Position 1.4 1.4.1 20 February (1) (1 x 1) (1) 1.4.2 Batsirai is located in the tropical easterly wind belt (2) GIVE ONE REASON FOR THIS Driven by the easterlies/trade winds (2) MOVEMENT. [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) Copyright reserved

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 6 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Marking Guidelines 1.4.3 The tropical cyclone reached the land (Madagascar) (2) SUGGEST TWO REASONS FOR THE LARGE Frictional drag over Madagascar (2) DECREASE IN WIND SPEED Decrease in moisture content (2) BETWEEN 20 AND 25 Less latent heat available (2) FEBRUARY 2022. The tropical cyclone entered higher latitudes/cooler waters (2) Atmospheric pressure increases (2) [ANY TWO] (2 x 2) (4) 1.4.4 Coastal areas would be flooded (2) HOW COULD STORM SURGES Re-shaping of coastline (accept examples) (2) NEGATIVELY IMPACT THE Increased soil erosion (2) PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Possibility of mass movement (accept examples) (2) ON THE EAST COAST MADAGASCAR OF Destruction of biodiversity (accept examples)(2) ? Destruction of habitats (accept examples) (2) Pollution of water sources (2) Pollution of soil (2) (Accept) Damage to Infrastructure (accept examples) (2) [ANY TWO] (2 x 2) (4) 1.4.5 The area is prone to tropical cyclones (2) EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF To observe the path of a tropical cyclone (2) MONITORING TROPICAL CYCLONES To observe the development of a tropical cyclone (2) LIKE BATSIRAI FOR Enables advanced weather predictions (2) MADAGASCAR. Enables the collection of data on rainfall rates/wind speed (2) Effective in providing early warning systems (2) To reduce the level of impact of the system (accept examples) (2) To be prepared and limit possible damages (accept examples) (2) To have enough time to evacuate (2) To plan/prepare emergency procedures (accept examples) (2) [ANY TWO] (2 x 2) (4) 1.5 1.5.1 Summer (1) (1 x 1) (1) 1.5.2 Weak descending air (2) GIVE A REASON FOR YOUR The inversion layer is above the escarpment/plateau (2) ANSWER TO QUESTION Moist (onshore) winds will reach the interior (2) 1.5.1. Wet conditions over the interior (2) [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) 1.5.3 Plateau (1) IDENTIFY TWO FACTORS, VISIBLE IN THE Height above sea level (1) SKETCH, WHICH Ocean currents (1) INFLUENCE THE CLIMATE Inversion layer (1) OF SOUTH AFRICA. Descending air/Kalahari HP (Anticyclonic movement) (1) Distance from the ocean (1) [ANY TWO] (2 x 1) (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 7 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Marking Guidelines 1.5.4 As air subsides it compresses and heats up (2) EXPLAIN DESCENDING AIR IN THE Adiabatic heating due to subsiding air (2) DEVELOPMENT OF THE [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) INVERSION LAYER. 1.5.5 Sketch (A) IN A PARAGRAPH OF Inversion layer is above the level of the plateau/escarpment (2) APPROXIMATE LY EIGHT Moist air flows into the interior (2) LINES, DESCRIBE Unstable conditions cause air to rise (2) HOW THE POSITION OF THE Condensation occurs and clouds form (2) INVERSION LAYER IN Results in more rainfall (2) SKETCHES A AND B INFLUENCES THE AMOUNT OF RAINFALL Sketch (B) IN THE INTERIOR OF Inversion layer below the level of the plateau/escarpment (2) SOUTH AFRICA. Moist air cannot reach the interior (2) Stable conditions cause clear skies (2) Less/No condensation occurs (2) Results in less/no rainfall (2) [ANY FOUR – MUST INCLUDE CONDITIONS OF SKETCH A AND SKETCH B] (4 x 2) (8) [60] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 8 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 2 - GEOMORPHOLOGY 2.1 2.1.1 B (1) 2.1.2 B (1) 2.1.3 A (1) 2.1.4 B (1) 2.1.5 A (1) 2.1.6 B (1) 2.1.7 B (1) 2.1.8 B (1) (8 x 1) (8) 2.2 2.2.1 D (1) 2.2.2 C (1) 2.2.3 C (1) 2.2.4 B (1) 2.2.5 C (1) 2.2.6 B (1) 2.2.7 C (1) (7 x 1) (7) 2.3 2.3.1 Permanent (1) (1 x 1) (1) 2.3.2 Dendritic drainage pattern (1) STATE TWO CHARACTERIST ICS OF THE Volume of water increases from source to mouth (1) RIVER SYSTEM EVIDENT IN High water table (1) THE SKETCH Tributaries are divided by Interfluves (1) 2nd order stream (1) Low drainage density (Few tributaries) (1) Permanent / Perennial river (1) The river intercepts the water table (in wet and dry season) (1) Gentle gradient (1) The tributaries are joining the mainstream at an acute angle (1) [ANY TWO] (2 x 1) (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 9 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Marking Guidelines 2.3.3 Less vegetation at A (2) GIVE EVIDENCE FROM THE More tributaries feed the channel at A (2) SKETCH THAT THE The channel at A is wider (2) SURFACE RUN-OFF IS Higher volume of water at A (The line indicating the river is thicker at A) (2) GREATER AT A THAN AT B. A is in the middle or lower course (2) Higher stream order at A (2) [ANY TWO – MAY ANSWER WITH REFERENCE TO B] (2 x 2) (4) 2.3.4 (a) Z (2) (1 x 2) (2) (b) The river intercepts the wet and dry water tables (2) (1 x 2) (2) : 2.3.5 (a) It will lower the water table (2) (1 x 2) (2) HOW WILL A WATER DECREASE IN TABLE PRECIPITATION AFFECT THE FOLLOWING HOW WILL A DECREASE IN PRECIPITATION (b) It changes to a periodic or episodic river (non-perennial) (2) TYPE AFFECT FOLLOWING THE OF RIVER The type of the river remains unchanged (permanent) (2) [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) 2.4.1 Lower (1) (1 x 1) (1) 2.4.2 Meander (1) (1 x 1) (1) 2.4.3 (a) DRAW A (1) (1) ROUGH CROSS - SECTIO N FROM B TO C. Marks to be allocated for the correct shape of the undercut (steep) and the slip-off slopes (gentler) (2 x 1) (2) (b) B (1) (1 x 1) (1) (c) The river flow is faster (at the outer bank) (2) GIVE A REASON FOR The river has more energy (2) YOUR ANSWE R TO [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) QUESTI ON 2.4.3(b). Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 10 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Marking Guidelines 2.4.4 The outer bank of the river gets eroded (2) IN A PARAGRAP H OF Deposition takes place on the inner bank (2) APPROXIMA TELY EIGHT Continuous erosion and deposition cause the neck to become narrower (2) LINES, DESCRIBE Meander loop develops (2) THE PROCESSES THAT During flooding, the river cuts through the meander neck (2) RESULTED IN THE Deposition occurs at the neck of the meander loop (2) CHANGE OF FLUVIAL LANDFORM The meander loop is now separated from the main stream forming an A TO AN OX- BOW LAKE oxbow lake (2) AT D. [ANY FOUR] (4 x 2) (8) 2.5 2.5.1 Department of Water Affairs (1) (1 x 1) (1) 2.5.2 Sewage facilities (1) IDENTIFY TWO SOURCES THAT NEGATIVELY Mining areas (1) IMPACT QUALITY THE OF WATER OF THE Informal settlements (1) DONALDSON DAM. [ANY TWO] (2 x 1) (2) 2.5.3 Test / monitor the water quality (2) (accept examples) WHY ARE THE WATER SAMPLING Identify the origin of the water pollution (2) POINTS (TESTING Check the level of water pollution (2) POINTS) IMPORTANT? Ensure that the ecosystem remains healthy (2) Ensure that the ecosystem remains in balance (2) Preserve the biodiversity (2) To do ongoing research and predictions (2) To ensure water is safe for people to use (2) To assist with proper water management (2) To avoid people getting (waterborne) diseases (2) (accept examples) [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) 2.5.4 The pesticides/herbicides end up in the rivers (2) (accept examples) HOW DO AGRICULTURA L PRACTICES The cattle droppings/waste is washed into rivers (2) IN THE MOOI RIVER Fertilizers end up in the rivers (2) CATCHMENT AREA CAUSE Poor farming methods cause soil erosion (2) (accept examples) WATER POLLUTION OF THE RIVER Removing of vegetation increases run-off of more polluted material in SYSTEM? water (2) Irrigation/farming pollute the water (2) [ANY TWO] (2 x 2) (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 11 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Marking Guidelines 2.5.5 Decrease the use of pesticides/herbicides (2) SUGGEST THREE SUSTAINABLE Buffering of the Mooi River catchment area (2) STRATEGIES THAT CAN BE Practice green agriculture (accept examples) (2) IMPLEMENTED IN ORDER TO Close the mines along the banks (2) MAINTAIN THE QUALITY OF WATER IN THE Manage dumping of industrial waste (accept examples) (2) MOOI RIVER CATCHMENT Reduce deforestation (2) AREA. Reduce pollution of (ground) water (2) Implement legislation (accept examples) (2) Provide incentives (accept examples) (2) Create awareness (accept examples) (2) Implement wastewater treatment (2) Ensure stormwater management (2) Ensure conservation of wetlands (2) Proper land use planning (accept examples) (2) Regular testing (accept examples) (2) Improve infrastructure in informal settlements (accept examples) (2) Maintain water purifying plants (2) Regular environmental impact assessment studies (2) Afforestation / Recover the flood plain/riparian zone (2) [ANY THREE] (3 x 2) (6) [60] TOTAL SECTION A: 120 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 12 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Marking Guidelines SECTION B QUESTION 3: GEOGRAPHICAL SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES 3.1 3.1.1 B (1) (1 x 1) (1) 3.1.2 A (1) (1 x 1) (1) 3.1.3 Distance = Map distance x Map scale = 9 (1) cm x 100 (Range 8.9 to 9.1) = 900 m (1) (Range 890 m to 910 m) (2 x 1) (2) 3.1.4 (1) DRAW A FREEHAND CROSS- SECTION FROM THE RECREATIO N FACILITY AT POINT F IN BLOCK D2 TO POINT G IN D3. BLOCK (1) INDICATE F AND G ON YOUR [AWARD 1 MARK FOR CORRECT SHAPE WITHOUT LABELS] (2 x 1) (2) CROSS- SECTION. 3.1.5 Yes (1) (1 x 1) (1) 3.1.6 Total change: 9' x 6 years = 54' (1) CALCULATE THE MAGNETIC DECLINATION Magnetic declination for 2022: 24º 42' FOR 2022. THE DIFFERENCE IN YEARS IS 6 YEARS +(1) 54' AND THE ANNUAL CHANGE IS 9' 24º 96' WESTWARDS. 25º 36' west of true north (1) (3 x 1) (3) 3.2 3.2.1 C (1) (1 x 1) (1) 3.2.2 (a) morning (1) (1 x 1) (1) (b) The shadows fall in a south-westerly direction (2) (1 x 2) (2) 3.2.3 Rainfall is seasonal (2) (1 x 2) (2) 3.2.4 (a) The river flows towards the dam (1) RIVER H IN BLOCK GENERALLY B1 The V-shape contour lines point in a south-westerly direction (1) FLOWS IN A NORTH- Height decreases in a northerly direction (1) EASTERLY DIRECTION. [ANY ONE] (1 x 1) (1) GIVE MAP EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT THIS STATEMENT. GIVE EVIDENCE WHY THE TYPE OF FLOW OF (b) Flat/Gently sloping (2) RIVER H ASSOCIATED IS Widely spaced contour lines (2) WITH LAMINAR FLOW [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 13 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Marking Guidelines 3.2.5 B (1) (1 x 1) (1) 3.2.6 Uniform/homogenous resistance (2) Horizontally layered (2) [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) 3.3 3.3.1 D (1) (1 x 1) (1) 3.3.2 primary (1) (1 x 1) (1) 3.3.3 Higher number of pixels was used (1) The pixels are smaller (1) Close up view (1) Better quality camera or lens used (1) [ANY ONE] (1 x 1) (1) 3.3.4 Features are clearly visible (accept examples) (2) (1 x 2) (2) 3.3.5 Power line (1) Buildings (1) [ANY ONE] (1 x 1) (1) 3.3.6 Infrastructure data layer 1 mark for correct reference symbol (relating to QUESTION 3.3.5). 1 mark for redrawing the power line crossing the road /1 mark for the correct position of the building (2 x 1) (2) TOTAL SECTION B: 30 GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved Please turn over