Geography Grade 10 North West June 2024 Question Paper (Eng)

PROVINCIAL ASSESSMENT GRADE 10 GEOGRAPHY JUNE 2024 MARKS: 150 TIME: 3 hours This question paper consists of 15 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography 2 NW/June 2024 Grade 10 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. This question paper consists of TWO sections: SECTION A QUESTION 1: THE ATMOSPHERE (60) QUESTION 2: GEOMORPHOLOGY (60) SECTION B QUESTION 3: GEOGRAPHICAL SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES (30) 2. Answer all THREE questions. 3. ALL diagrams are included in the QUESTION PAPER. 4. Leave a line between subsections of questions answered. 5. Start EACH question on a NEW page. 6. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. 7. Do NOT write in the margins of the ANSWER BOOK. 8. Draw fully labelled diagrams when instructed to do so. 9. Answer in FULL SENTENCES, except when you must state, name, identify or list. 10. Units of measurement MUST be indicated in your final answer, e.g. 1 020 hope, 14°C and 45m. 11. You may use a non-programmable calculator. 12. You may use a magnifying glass. 13. Write neatly and legibly. SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION FOR SECTION B 14. A 1:50 000 topographical map 3224BC GRAAFF REINET and a 1:10 000 orthophoto map 3224BC 01 GRAAFF REINET are provided. 15. The area demarcated in RED/BLACK on the topographical map represents the area covered by the orthophoto map. 16. Marks will be allocated for steps in calculations. 17. You must hand in the topographical map and orthophoto map to the invigilator at the end of this examination. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography 3 NW/June 2024 Grade 10 SECTION A: THE ATMOSPHERE AND GEOMORPHOLOGY QUESTION 1: THE ATMOSPHERE 1.1 Refer to the synoptic weather map below. Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A- D) next to the question numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example, 1.1.9 D. [Source: www.google image] 1.1.1 The pressure cell at 1 is a … pressure cell. A hot B high C heavy D hard 1.1.2 The area at 2 will experience … rainfall within the next 24 hours. A continental B orographic C frontal D relief 1.1.3 The front at 3 is called a the … front. A warm B occluded C moisture D cold Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography 4 NW/June 2024 Grade 10 1.1.4 The pressure cell at 4 is a … pressure cell. A low B wet C high D dry 1.1.5 … season illustrated by this synoptic weather map. A Summer B Spring C Mild D Winter 1.1.6 The cloud cover at 5 (the weather station) is … oktas. A 8/8 B 4/8 C 2/8 D 6/8 1.1.7 The air temperature at 5 (the weather station) is … ºC. A 10 B 16 C 14 D 12 1.1.8 The dew point temperature at 5 (the weather station) is … ºC. A 10 B 16 C 14 D 12 (8 x 1) (8) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography 5 NW/June 2024 Grade 10 1.2 Give ONE word/ term for each of the following descriptions, from the list below. Write only the word/ term of your choice next to the question number. E.g. 1.2.8 snow. Run-off; Precipitation; Humidity; Relative humidity; Evaporation; Condensation; Dew point; Clouds 1.2.1 The amount of water vapour in the air. 1.2.2 The process whereby water changes in water vapour. 1.2.3 The process whereby water vapour changes to water. 1.2.4 Any form of water released from the atmosphere. 1.2.5 The temperature at which condensation of water vapour takes place. 1.2.6 Minute water droplets ice crystals floating in the atmosphere. 1.2.7 The amount of water vapour in the air compared to how much it could obtain. (7 x 1) (7) 1.3 Refer to the cartoon below showing the effects of ozone depletion. [Source: www.bonusjoules.co.za] 1.3.1 Explain the concept of ozone depletion. (1 x 2) (2) 1.3.2 Name the layer of the atmosphere in which you would find the ozone layer. (1 x 1) (1) 1.3.3 Identify TWO of the main human causes of the destruction of the ozone layer. (2 x 1) (2) 1.3.4 Using the cartoon as a guide, list TWO effects of ozone depletion. (2 x 1) (2) 1.3.5 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, explain ways on how to reduce ozone depletion. (4 x 2) (8) [15] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography 6 NW/June 2024 Grade 10 1.4 FIGURE 1.4 (X) shows the way in which the sun’s ray reaches the earth’s surface and FIGURE 1.4 (Y) shows the location of Cape Town and Durban. [Source: Researchgate.net] 1.4.1 Which factor is affecting the temperature distribution in FIGURE 1.4 (X)? (1 x 1) (1) 1.4.2 Which factor is affecting the temperature distribution in FIGURE 1.4 (Y)? (1 x 1) (1) 1.4.3 Name ONE factor affecting temperature that is not shown in FIGURE 1.4 (X) and (Y). (1 x 1) (1) 1.4.4 Explain why the temperature on FIGURE 1.4 (X) is likely to be higher in area (b) than area (a). (2 x 2) (4) 1.4.5 Suggest why the North West province is experiencing continental climate. (2 x 2) (4) 1.4.6 Cape Town is situated on the western coast and Durban on the eastern coast of South Africa, but experience different weather conditions. Explain why Durban experiencing high temperatures and more rainfall compared to Cape Town. (2 x 2) (4) [15] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography 7 NW/June 2024 Grade 10 1.5 Refer to the FIGURE below showing convectional rainfall. [source:www.slideserve.com] 1.5.1 During which season (summer/winter) is convectional rain more common? (1 x 1) (1) 1.5.2 Conventional rainfall is more common in the (North West/ Western Cape) province of South Africa. (1 x 1) (1) 1.5.3 (a) Name the type of cloud labelled A. (1 x 1) (1) (b) Mention TWO weather conditions associated with the type of clouds mentioned in QUESTION 1.5.3 (a). (2 x 1) (2) 1.5.4 Explain the formation of convectional rain. (2 x 2) (4) 1.5.5 Describe the negative impacts of thunderstorms on the environment. (3 x 2) (6) [15] (60) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography 8 NW/June 2024 Grade 10 QUESTION 2: GEOMORPHOLOGY 2.1 Refer to the sketches on continental drift theory and choose the term/ word in the brackets to make the statements TRUE. E.g. 2.1.8 batholith. A [Source: www.istockphoto] 2.1.1 The theory of continental drift is most associated with scientist (Alfred Wegener/ Alfred Einstein). 2.1.2 The supercontinent at A was called (Gondwanaland/ Pangaea). 2.1.3 150 million years ago North America was part of the continent called (Laurasia/ Gondwanaland). 2.1.4 150 million years ago India was part of the continent called (Laurasia/ Gondwanaland). 2.1.5 Evidence for continental drift was that the (same/ different) types of fossilised plants and animals are found in South America and Africa. 2.1.6 Continents rest on massive slabs of rock called (mountains/ tectonic plates). 2.1.7 Movement of continent are (no longer/ still) taking place today. (7 x 1) (7) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography 9 NW/June 2024 Grade 10 2.2 Refer to the FIGURE below which shows the various igneous intrusions. [Source: Google image] 2.2.1 Which letter indicates the batholith igneous intrusion? (1) 2.2.2 Which letter indicates a laccolith igneous intrusion? (1) 2.2.3 Label the igneous intrusions indicated by the letters A, B and C either as sill, volcano, and dyke. (3) 2.2.4 Igneous intrusions forms when (magma/ lava) solidifies underneath the earth’s surface. (1) 2.2.5 Which letter indicates a granite dome. (1) 2.2.6 (Weathering of rocks/Erosion of top soil) is the process that is responsible for the exposure of intrusive igneous features on the Earth surface. (1) (8 x 1) (8) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography 10 NW/June 2024 Grade 10 2.3 Refer to the FIGURE below showing the internal structure of the earth. [Source: www.quizlet.com] 2.3.1 Identify the layers A and B. (2 x 1) (2) 2.3.2 List ONE main type of rock that forms within layer A or below the earth surface. (1 x 1) (1) 2.3.3 Describe TWO uses of any type of rock listed in QUESTION 2.3.2 (2 x 2) (4) 2.3.4 Differentiate between Sial and Sima. (2 x 2) (4) 2.3.5 Describe the characteristics of layer labelled A. (2 x 2) (4) [15] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography 11 NW/June 2024 Grade 10 2.4 Study the information below about tsunamis and earthquakes. [Source: Google images] 2.4.1 What trigged the tsunami on the 26 December 2004? (1 x 1) (1) 2.4.2 Differentiate between the focus and epicentre of an earthquake. (2 x 2) (4) 2.4.3 Explain how a tsunami originates. (2 x 2) (4) 2.4.4 Suggest THREE methods that can be used in to reduce the impact of a tsunami. (3 x 2) (6) [15] 2.5 Carefully read the case study below about a volcanic eruption in Indonesia’s Mount Merapi volcano. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography 12 NW/June 2024 Grade 10 Indonesia's Mount Merapi volcano erupts, spewing hot clouds into the air. Merapi is the most active of more than 120 active volcanoes in Indonesia and has repeatedly erupted with lava and gas clouds in recent years. Its last major eruption, in 2010, killed 347 people and displaced 20,000 villagers. The eruption sent ash as high as 3,000 metres into the air, and volcanic ash was deposited in several nearby districts. Indonesia, with a population of 270 million people, is prone to earthquakes and volcanic activity because it sits along the Ring of Fire, a horseshoe- shaped series of seismic fault lines around the Pacific Ocean. [Adapted from: Indonesia's Mount Merapi volcano erupts, spewing hot clouds into the air - ABC News] 2.5.1 Define the term volcanism. (1 x 2) (2) . 2.5.2 How many people were killed during the 2010 eruption? (1 x 1) (1) 2.5.3 Complete the sentence below by choosing the correct word in brackets: Mount Merapi is among more than 120 (dormant/ active) volcanoes in Indonesia, prone to seismic upheaval due to its location on the Pacific (Ring of Fire/ Ring of Ash). (2 x 1) (2) 2.5.4 “Volcanic ash is a threat to people”. Explain why? (1 x 2) (2) 2.5.5 In approximately EIGHT lines, explain the positive and negative effects that are associated with volcanoes. (4 x 2) (8) [15] (60) TOTAL SCTION A: 120 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography 13 NW/June 2024 Grade 10 SECTION B QUESTION 3: GEOGRAPHICAL SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES GENERAL INFORMATION ON GRAAFF-REINET Graaff-Reinet is a small town in the Eastern Cape with a population of around 36 000. This town is in the Sarah Baartman District and is one of the oldest towns in South Africa after Cape Town, Stellenbosch and Swellendam. Nature conservation is a priority in this area, the Camdeboo National Park almost surrounds Graaff-Reinet. It provides the visitor with insights into the unique landscape and ecosystem of the Karoo. Space, nature, and heritage combine to offer a Karoo tourism experience. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography 14 NW/June 2024 Grade 10 3.1 MAP SKILLS AND CALCULATIONS 3.1 Refer to the 1: 50 000 topographic map 3224BC GRAAFF-REINET and a 1: 10 000 orthophoto map of 3224BC 01 GRAAF-REINET to answer the following questions in the ANSWER BOOK. 3.1.1 The map code of the topographic map of Graaf-Reinet indicates that the town lies on the … A 32 º E longitude and 24 º N latitude. B 32 º W longitude and 24 º E latitude. C 32 º S latitude and 24 º E longitude. D 32 º E latitude and 24 º W longitude. (1 x 1) (1) 3.1.2 The contour interval of the orthophoto map is … A 20 m. B 15 m. C 10 m D 5 m. (1 x 1) (1) 3.1.3 The scale of the orthophoto map is … than the scale of the topographic map. A 5 times larger B 5 times smaller C 10 times larger D 10 times smaller (1 x 1) (1) 3.1.4 Determine the true bearing as well as the direction of spot height 792 (G3) from spot height 805 (F1) on the topographical map. (2 x 1) (2) 3.1.5 Use the information on the topographical map to determine the magnetic declination for 2024. Show all calculations. Marks will be awarded for calculations. Use of the following steps to answer this question: (a) Difference in years. (b) Mean annual change. (c) Total change. (d) Magnetic declination for 2024. (5 x 1) (5) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography 15 NW/June 2024 Grade 10 3.2 MAP INTERPRETATION 3.2.1 What is the altitude of the following features? 3.2.1.a) National Road in block F4. 3.2.1.b) Spot height in block D10. 3.2.1.c) Trigonometrical station 90 in block E3. (3 x 1) (3) 3.2.2 Identify the ONE recreational activity practice in F6. (1 x 1) (1) 3.2.3 Is the slope of the land from trigonometrical station 90 (E3) to spot height 805 (F1) convex or concave? (1 x 1) (1) 3.2.4 Suggest a reason for your answer in QUESTION 3.2.3. (1 x 2) (2) 3.2.5 Graaf-Reinet is experiencing seasonal rainfall. Give TWO pieces of evidence to support this statement. (2 x 1) (2) 3.2.6 Is Spandaukop in block E3 a protected area? (1 x 1) (1) 3.2.7 Support your answer to QUESTION 3.2.6. (1 x 2) (2) 3.3 GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS) 3.3.1 Define the term remote sensing. (1 x 2) (2) 3.3.2 Which component of GIS is the orthophoto map? (1 x 1) (1) 3.3.3 Name ONE example of computer hardware component. (1 x 1) (1) 3.3.4 Explain briefly why the topographical map can be classified as vector data. (1 x 2) (2) 3.3.5 Refer to blocks B7 and B8 on the topographic map. Identify ONE point feature and ONE polygon feature in the area? (2 x 1) (2) TOTAL SECTION B: 30 GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved