Physical Sciences Grade 10 P2 November Mock 2026 Memo (Eng)

hlayiso mock exams Practice Series: Grade 10 Exam Preparation WWW.HLAYISO.COM NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 10 PHYSICAL SCIENCES: CHEMISTRY (P2) NOVEMBER EXAMINATION 2026 (MOCK) MARKING GUIDELINES MARKS: 100 These marking guidelines consist of 7 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 2 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC – Marking Guidelines GENERAL MARKING GUIDELINES 1. Calculations: Marks are awarded for the correct formula, correct substitution and the correct final answer WITH the correct unit, as indicated by the ticks (✓). If an incorrect formula is used, no further marks are awarded for that calculation. 2. Units: Penalise an omitted or incorrect unit in a final answer only ONCE per question. 3. Rounding: Accept final answers rounded to a minimum of TWO decimal places. 4. Positive marking: Where an incorrect answer to a previous question is used correctly in a later calculation, the later calculation is marked positively. 5. Equations: Reactants ✓, products ✓, balancing ✓, unless otherwise indicated. 6. Definitions: Where key words are underlined, deduct 1 mark for EACH key word or phrase omitted or used in an incorrect context. 7. Names and formulae: If a FORMULA is asked for, a name is not accepted, and vice versa. If a LETTER is asked for, accept the correct name/formula only if it is unambiguous. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 3 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 1 1.1 C ✓✓ (2) 1.2 D ✓✓ (2) 1.3 A ✓✓ (2) 1.4 B ✓✓ (2) 1.5 C ✓✓ (2) 1.6 B ✓✓ (2) 1.7 A ✓✓ (2) 1.8 C ✓✓ (2) [16] QUESTION 2 2.1 A pure substance consisting of two or more different elements that are chemically combined in a fixed ratio. ✓✓ (2) 2.2.1 B✓ (1) 2.2.2 F✓ (1) 2.2.3 A✓ (1) 2.2.4 G✓ (Accept B – silicon is a solid; it is a metalloid, but do not penalise.) (1) 2.2.5 C✓ (1) 2.3.1 Ca(NO3 )2 ✓✓ (Ca2+ and NO–3 in correct ratio; brackets required) (2) 2.3.2 Sodium sulphate ✓ (1) [10] QUESTION 3 3.1 The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid (at a given pressure). ✓✓ (2) 3.2 80 ◦ C ✓ (1) 3.3 Liquid ✓ (1) 3.4 The heat energy absorbed is used to overcome the forces between the particles (the potential energy of the particles increases). ✓ The average KINETIC energy of the particles does NOT increase. ✓ Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles, so the temperature remains constant. ✓ (3) 3.5 STRONGER THAN ✓ Naphthalene has a HIGHER boiling point (218 ◦ C) than water (100 ◦ C). ✓ MORE energy is needed to overcome the forces between naphthalene molecules. ✓ (3) [10] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 4 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 4 4.1.1 Atoms of the same element having the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. ✓✓ (2) 4.1.2 6✓ (1) 4.1.3 Abundance of boron-11 = 100 – 19,9 = 80,1% ✓ (10 × 19,9) + (11 × 80,1) Ar = ✓ 100 Ar = 10,80 ✓ (no unit) (3) 4.2 (Ernest) Rutherford ✓ (1) 4.3.1 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4 ✓✓ 1 mark for 1s2 2s2 2p6 , 1 mark for 3s2 3p4 . Accept [Ne] 3s2 3p4 . (2) 4.3.2 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 ✓✓ 1 mark for 1s2 2s2 2p6 , 1 mark for 3s2 3p6 . (2) [11] QUESTION 5 5.1 The minimum energy needed to remove the first electron from an atom in the gaseous phase. ✓✓ (2) 5.2 The first ionisation energy DECREASES from lithium to potassium (down the group). ✓ (1) 5.3 From Li to K the number of energy levels increases / the atomic radius increases. ✓ The outermost (valence) electron is FURTHER from the nucleus (and more shielded by inner electrons). ✓ The attraction between the nucleus and the valence electron is WEAKER, so LESS energy is needed to remove it. ✓ (3) 5.4 Alkali metals ✓ (1) 5.5 Chlorine ✓ (1) [8] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 5 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 6 6.1 The sharing of electrons (pairs of electrons) between two atoms (non-metals) to form a molecule. ✓✓ (2) 6.2.1 H× O ×H Marking criteria Two O–H bonding pairs ✓ Two lone pairs on O ✓ (2) 6.2.2 – – 2+ Cℓ + × Mg × + Cℓ Cℓ × Mg Cℓ × OR: [Mg]2+ 2[:Cℓ:]– with 8 electrons around each Cℓ. Marking criteria Correct Lewis diagrams of Mg (2 valence electrons) and Cℓ (7 valence electrons) ✓ Transfer of electrons shown: Mg2+ with no valence electrons shown ✓ TWO Cℓ– ions with 8 electrons and charges ✓ (3) 6.3.1 The bond between positive (metal) ions and a sea of delocalised electrons. ✓✓ (2) 6.3.2 Copper has delocalised (free) electrons ✓ that can move through the metal lattice and carry charge (conduct electric current). ✓ (2) 6.4 Aℓ2 O3 ✓ (1) [12] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 6 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 7 7.1.1 Physical ✓ (1) 7.1.2 Chemical ✓ A NEW substance (magnesium oxide) with different properties is formed / bonds are broken and new bonds are formed. ✓ (2) 7.2.1 A substance that dissolves in water to form a solution that conducts electricity. ✓✓ (2) H O 7.2.2 2 Na2 SO4 (s) −−−−→ 2Na+ (aq) + SO2– 4 (aq) Marking criteria Reactant ✓ Products ✓ Balancing and phases ✓ (3) 7.2.3 Barium sulphate ✓ (1) 7.2.4 Ba2+ (aq) + SO2– 4 (aq) → BaSO4 (s) Marking criteria Reactants ✓ Product ✓ (Ignore phases) (2) 7.2.5 Precipitation reaction (ion-exchange reaction) ✓ (1) 7.3 4Aℓ(s) + 3O2 (g) → 2Aℓ2 O3 (s) Marking criteria Correct coefficients 4 and 3 ✓ Coefficient 2 for Aℓ2 O3 ✓ (2) [14] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 7 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 8 8.1.1 The amount of substance having the same number of particles as there are atoms in 12 g carbon-12. ✓✓ (2) 8.1.2 M(CaCO3 ) = 40 + 12 + 3(16) = 100 g·mol–1 ✓ (1) m 10 8.1.3 n= ✓ = ✓ M 100 n = 0,1 mol ✓ (3) 8.1.4 n(CO2 ) = n(CaCO3 ) = 0,1 mol (mol ratio 1 : 1) ✓ V V n= 0,1 = ✓ Vm 22,4 V = 2,24 dm3 ✓ POSITIVE MARKING FROM 8.1.3. (3) 8.1.5 n(O atoms) = 3 × 0,1 = 0,3 mol ✓ N = nNA = (0,3)(6,02 × 1023 ) ✓ N = 1,81 × 1023 oxygen atoms ✓ POSITIVE MARKING FROM 8.1.3. (3) 8.1.6 n(CaCℓ2 ) = n(CaCO3 ) = 0,1 mol (mol ratio 1 : 1) n 0,1 c= ✓ = ✓ V 0,25 c = 0,4 mol·dm–3 ✓ POSITIVE MARKING FROM 8.1.3. (3) 8.2 m(H2 O) = 5,0 – 3,2 = 1,8 g ✓ 1,8 3,2 n(H2 O) = = 0,1 mol; n(CuSO4 ) = = 0,02 mol ✓ 18 159,5 Ratio CuSO4 : H2 O = 0,02 : 0,1 = 1 : 5 ✓ x=5✓ (4) [19] TOTAL: 100 Copyright reserved