Geography Grade 12 KZN March Test 2026 Paper & Memo

} KWAZULU-NATAL PROVINCE ll RY Senneus MARKS: 60 TIME: 1 hour Copyright reserved » PROVINCIAL STANDARDISED ASSESSMENT i EDUCATION REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE | GRADE 12 GEOGRAPHY — ul MARCH 2026 _ . This question paper consists of 9 pages. Please Turn Over

Geogra| March 2026 Bownloaded from Stanmorephyssies.com INSTRUCTIONS 1. The paper consists of TWO QUESTIONS: QUESTION 1: CLIMATE AND WEATHER QUESTION 2: GEOMORPHOLOGY 2 Answer ALL questions. Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Seesrs9Ywnloaded from Stanmagephysigs.com March 2026 QUESTION 1: CLIMATE AND WEATHER 1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions based on the mid latitude cyclone. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A — D) next to the question numbers. (1.1.1 to 1.1.6) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.1.7 D. 1.1.1. The tropical westerlies and the polar easterlies meet at the ... front. GOP moisture cold warm polar 1.1.2. The diagram bélAWRESRIZYSASHE) the ... stage of the Mid-Latitude Cyclone [Source:https://www.govtgirlsekbalpur.com/Study_Materials/Geography/Mid latitude cyclone and _anti-cyclone.pdf] 9Om> initial wave dissipating occlusion 1.1.3 Mature stage occurs when ... A. 90” the low pressure intensifies at the apex of the two fronts and the stormiest weather begins. Stanmorephysics.com a stationary polar front forms, with wind shear in two opposite directions. the cold air travels faster than the warm air and overtakes the warm front. all the warm air is lifted off the ground and the pressure gradient weakens. 1.1.4 Acold front occlusion occurs when the ... pop> Copyright Reserved warmest air behind the cold front. coldest air found behind the cold front coldest air is found ahead of the cold front. cold air is all uplifted. Please Turn Over

March 2026 Seesratywnloaded from Stanmerephysics.com Refer to the cross section of the mid-latitude below to answer QUESTIONS 1.1.5 and 1.1.6. 1.1.5 The clouds that are found a (i) cumulonimbus (ii) cirrus (iii) nimbostratus (iv) altocumulus A. (i) and (ii) B. (i) and (iv) C. (i) and (iii) D. (ii) and (iv) 1.1.6 Precipitation experienced at cloud A. torrential thunderstorms with hail moderate widespread rainfall stable conditions with no rainfall light drizzle (6 x 1) (6) 9Om> Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Secoreywnloaded from Stanmerephysics.com March 2026 1.2 Refer to the extract and the satellite image below on tropical cyclone. At 12:00 UTC on 10" Janua intensified from a tropi conditions; leading to a gradual weakening. On 15 January, Dudzai strengthened and reached its second peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 195 and Mauritius. had rapidly intensified into a fonies ‘cyclone. On the | 42" of January, Dudzai then encountered less favorable km/h which caused damage in the Island of Reunion - Duration 10 January — 21 January Peak intensity 195 km/h 937 hPa [Adapted from: 2025-26 South.’ 1.2.1 What is the general directiol 1.2.2 Provide ONE condition nece cyclone Dudzai. Stanmoreph' 1.2.3 Account for the weakening of tropic 12" to the 14" of January. (1x 1)(1) udzai from the (1 x 2)(2) 1.2.4 Copyright Reserved In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, discuss possible negative impact that could be experienced on the coastal areas of Reunion Island and Mauritius due to tropical cyclone Dudzai. (4 x 2) (8) Please Turn Over

GecsrP4wnloaded from Stanmecephysi¢s.com 1.3. Refer to the sketch of the micro-climate below. March 2026 [Source: https:/www.researchgate.net/figure/Temperature-variation-related-to-slope-aspect_fig5_379666975] 1.3.1 Define the concept slope aspect. 1.3.2 Which slope (colder/warmer)_ 1.3.3 Name the hemisphere shown 1.3.4 Give a reason for your answer t .3.3 above. 1.3.5 Explain why the soil is damp (me 1.3.6 Discuss the influence of temperature difference between the two slopes on farming. Copyright Reserved settlement? (1 x 2) (2) (1 x 1) (1) (1 x 1) (1) (1 x 2) (2) outh-facing slope. (1 x 2) (2) (2 x 2) (4) Please Turn Over

March 2026 S°s'Bwnloaded from Stanmogephysics.com QUESTION 2: GEORMOPHOLOGY 2.1 Match the statements in COLUMN A with the options in COLUMN B. Write only Y or Z next to the question numbers (2.1.1. to 2.1.6). e.g. 2.1.7 Y. COLUMN A COLUMN B | 2.1.1. | The main stream and its tributaries. Y | Drainage basin Z_ | River system 2.1.2 | High lying area separating two streams of Y | Watershed the same drainage basin. Z_ | Interfluve 2.1.3 | Upper reaches of the drainage basin which | Y | Catchment area supplies a river with water. Z_ | Water table 2.1.4 | Seepage of water into the soil. Y | Run-off Zz Infiltration 2.1.5 | A point where two strea Y | Confluence Zz Tributary 2.1.6 | A point where the river enters 1 Y River source wn Z__| River mouth (6 x 1) (6) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Seesbwnloaded from Stanmerephysics.com 22 Copyright Reserved Refer to diagrams below showing drainage patterns. March 2026 Drainage patterns 2.2.1 2.22 2.2.3 2.2.4 2.2.5 2.2.6 /03/drainage-pattern.htmI?m=1] Define the concept drainage pat Identify the drainage pattern ie spokes of the wheel. Stanmorephysics.com Mention ONE factor that results in different drainage patterns forming. Describe the dendritic drainage pattern. Give a reason why the dendritic stream pattern favours farming? Explain why tributaries in the Rectangular and trellis stream pattern join the mainstream at right angles. (1 x 2) (2) (1x 1)(1) (1 x 1)(1) (1 x 2) (2) (1 x 2) (2) (2 x 2) (4) Please Turn Over

Geography wnloaded from Stanmagephysicgs.com March 2026 2.3. Refer to the diagram showing river profile. 8 Eventual possible graded profile — scsi ee | —_ 2.3.1 Identify the river profile sho} (1.x 1)(1) 2.3.2 Describe the gradient on the PI f the river. (1 x 1)(1) 2.3.3. Why is the river profile in the di ) egarded as ungraded? eee (1 x 2) (2) 2.3.4 The lake is referred to as a temporal base level of erosion. Explain this statement. Stanmorephysics.com (1 x 2) (2) 2.3.5 Discuss the processes that the river must undergo to change from ungraded to graded profile. (3 x 2) (6) TOTAL MARKS: 60 Copyright Reserved

KWAZULU-NATAL PROVINCE EDUCATION REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 MARKS: 60 This marking guideline consists of 4 pages. Copyright reserved Please Turn Over

“°*"Bownloaded from Stanmoraphysiesncom eI 12 1.1 1.1 1.1 who aaa Fi e-yi* QnR di March 2026 D (polar). (1) B (wave). (i) A (the low pressure intensifies at the apex of the two fronts and the stormiest weather begins). (1) B (coldest air found behind the cold front). (1) C ((i) and (iii). (1) ) A (torrential thunderstorms with hail). (1 1.2.1 | Bast to west (westwards / westerly direction). (1) 1:2:2 1.2.3 1.2.4 Presence of an extremely low pressure system/convergence of air. Presence of (strong) Coriolis force. Sea surface temperatures of 26.5°C or more. Calm conditions over the ocean. Unstable atmospheric conditions High rates of evaporation/high moisture content/high humidity. Release of latent heat. Upper air divergence. Low wind shear for number of days [ANY ONE] ‘4 (1) «alley * Might have moved over the tand where thera! 4 more friction. Might have moved over the land ie is less moisture (supply). Less latent heat. Sudden wind shear. a Might have moved over cold ocean A In the (active) path of an approaching cold front. Moved to the temperate latitudes/high latitude. [ANY ONE] (2) Strong winds or heavy rainfall may result in coastal erosion. Strong winds or heavy rainfall may result in damage to property. Loss of income in the fishing industry/Damage to fishing industry, boats will be destroyed and harbours damaged, disrupting livelihoods Disruption of biodiversity/ ecosystems. Aesthetic beauty of the area will be disturbed. Disruption of infrastructure on the coast (Accept examples). Costly to repair damages / medical and insurance claims. Causes injury or death to people or animals. Loss of income on the agricultural community. Accept examples). Sea water floods farmland and reduce soil fertility. Powerful wave and storm surge will cause severe coastal flooding in low-lying areas thus reshaping the coastline. Heavy rainfall would trigger flash-floods and landslides, damaging roads and settlements. Coral reefs, wetlands and mangroves may be damaged. Displacement of people as a result of floods. Water contamination/ water-borne diseases. Storm surges can damage fishing vessels. Strong winds results in storm surges (coastal flooding). Decline in the tourism industry. [ANY FOUR] (4x2)(8) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Geogra| 1.3 Bownloaded from Stanmoraphysiasecom aren a0“ 1.3.1. The direction the slope faces in relation to the sun rays. (2) [CONCEPT] 1.3.2 Warmer. (1) 1.3.3 Southern (hemisphere). (1) 1.3.4 The north-facing slope is warmer/North facing slope receives direct insolation. 1.3.5 1.3.6 South facing slope is colder/South facing slope receives oblique insolation. (2) The slope is facing away from the sun (shadow zone) resulting in (lower temperatures), therefore less evaporation. (2) INSTRUCTION FOR PART MARKING ONE MARK for the factor ONLY. Cultivate crops that require higher temperature on the warmer slope. (Accept examples) | North facing slopes are better for grazing. Plant trees on the cooler (colder) slope. Cooler slopes are more prone to frost in winter, sensitive crops may be damaged. Warm slopes — soil dries faster | South facing slopes livestock may need shelter or supplementary feed in cooler QUESTION TWO 2.1 22 2.1.1 2.1.2 20.3 2.1.4 2.1.6 ry 2.2.2 22:3 months. (2x2)(4) Z (river system). (1) Z (interfluve). (1) Y (catchment area). (1) Z (infiltration). (1) Y (confluence). (1) Z (river mouth). (1) (6x1) (6) Arrangement of streams on a drainage basin. [CONCEPT] (1x 2)(2) Radial. (1) (1 x 1)(1) Underlying rock strata Geology Tectonic forces Slope (gradient) [ANY ONE] (1x 1)(1) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over

Geogra| March 2026 Bownloaded from Stanmoraphysiasecom 2.2.4 It looks like a tree with several) branches/ resembles the branches of the tree. Tributaries join the mainstream at acute/small angles. [ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2) 2.2.5 Tributaries cover a wider area ensuring availability of water for irrigation. (It spreads water across the land like tree roots ensuring availability of water for irrigation). Has uniform resistance to erosion. (1 x 2) (2) 2.2.6 Rectangular They occur in rocks with faults and joints, water flows along those cracks. (2) Trellis Streams follow valleys carved in softer rocks while tributaries cut along ridges to meet the mainstream. (2) (2 x 2) (4) INSTRUCTION FOR PART MARKING ONE MARK for the factor ONLY. | 2.3.1 Longitudinal profile. ~\\ Ree (1) 2.3.2 The slope is steep (hilly and mou (1) 2.3.3. The river has temporal base levels. (2) The river has obstacles/irregularities. 2.3.4 The lake temporarily prevents the river from further vertical erosion. The river can erode further after the lake. (2) Rivers deposit sediments when they reach the lake. [ANY ONE] 2.3.5 In the upper course increased downward erosion makes the slope very steep. Vertical erosion remove temporal base levels such as rapids. Head ward erosion remove temporal base level such as waterfalls. In the middle course eroded sediments are transported downstream increasing the river's stream carrying capacity. Lateral erosion takes place in the middle course In the lower course deposition takes place and the river fill up with sediments until the lake disappears and the profile becomes smooth and continuous. Increased deposition in the lower course to make the slope very gentle. [ANY THREE] (3x2) (6) TOTAL MARKS: 60 Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over