L2 English Communicate to inform part 2

ST ENGLISH 1 ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE LEVEL 2 Downloaded from hlayiso.com

MODULE 4 COMMUNICATE TO INFORM • OVERVIEW • PREPARED READING ALOUD • BASIC LANGUAGE PILLARS: PUNCTUATION; SENTENCES; PREPOSITIONS • PROCEDURES • INSTRUCTIONS • DEMONSTRATION SPEECHES • DIRECTIONS Downloaded from hlayiso.com

PREPARED READING ALOUD • GOOD READERS: • ARE FLUENT: THE WORDS FLOW EASILY AND CONFIDENTLY • UNDERSTAND WHAT THEY ARE READING AND HELP LISTENERS TO UNDERSTAND • UNDERSTAND THE PURPOSE OF THE TEXT: IS IT TO INFORM OR TO ENTERTAIN? • FOLLOW AND USE THE CLUES PUNCTUATION MARKS GIVE THEM • CAN BE HEARD • USE VOICE, FACIAL EXPRESSIONS AND BODY LANGUAGE TO HELP LISTENERS UNDERSTAND • PRONOUNCE WORDS CORRECTLY AND CLEARLY. Downloaded from hlayiso.com

STRATEGIES FOR READING ALOUD • SPEAK CLEARLY • SAY THE CONSONANTS AT THE BEGINNING, THE MIDDLE AND AT THE END OF WORDS CLEARLY. • PRONOUNCE VOWELS AND VOWEL COMBINATIONS CORRECTLY. • USE APPROPRIATE BODY LANGUAGE • POSITION YOUR BODY • GESTURES • FACIAL EXPRESSION • EYE CONTACT Downloaded from hlayiso.com

• VOICE • TONE • PITCH • VOLUME • RHYTHM • PROJECTION • TEMPO Downloaded from hlayiso.com

WRITING EFFECTIVE PROCEDURES, INSTRUCTIONS, DEMONSTRATION SPEECHES AND DIRECTIONS BASIC LANGUAGE PILLARS: • PUNCTUATION • SENTENCES • THE IMPERATIVE FORM • NEGATIVE SENTENCES Downloaded from hlayiso.com

PUNCTUATION • FULL STOP . • CAPITAL LETTERS ABC • SMALL LETTERS abc • COMMA , • QUESTION MARK ? Downloaded from hlayiso.com

PUNCTUATION • EXCLAMATION MARK ! • APOSTROPHE: ’  CONTRACTION  POSSESSION • QUOTATION MARKS AND “” INVERTED COMMAS • HYPHENS - Downloaded from hlayiso.com

PROCEDURES • A PROCEDURE TELLS A READER OR A LISTENER HOW TO MAKE OR DO SOMETHING BY GIVING A SET OF INSTRUCTIONS ORGANISED INTO LOGICAL STEPS. • Write a procedure • CHARACTERISTICS OF AN EFFECTIVE PROCEDURE: • CLEAR, SIMPLE WRITING. • EXPLAINS TECHNICAL DETAIL. WHY AND WHEN? • KNOWS THE AUDIENCE. • LISTS ALL EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS. • BREAKS TASKS UP INTO SMALL STEPS ARRANGED FROM START TO FINISH. • COULD USE SIMPLE, CLEAR ILLUSTRATIONS. Downloaded from hlayiso.com

INSTRUCTIONS • WRITTEN OR SPOKEN COMMANDS THAT EXPLAIN HOW TO PERFORM A TASK. • FLOW CHART TEMPLATE FOR WRITING INSTRUCTIONS HOW TO STEP 1 STEP 2 STEP 3 STEP 4 STEP 5 .STEP 10 STEP 9 STEP 8 STEP 7 STEP 6 Downloaded from hlayiso.com

DEMONSTRATION SPEECHES • A DEMONSTRATION SPEECH TEACHES YOUR AUDIENCE HOW TO DO SOMETHING BY GIVING STEP-BY-STEP INSTRUCTIONS AND DEMONSTRATING OR SHOWING EACH STEP. OUTLINE OF A DEMONSTRATION SPEECH • INTRODUCTION: SAY SOMETHING FUNNY OR INTERESTING TO GET THE ATTENTION OF THE AUDIENCE. • INTRODUCE THE TOPIC: TODAY I AM GOING TO SHOW YOU HOW TO … • EXPLAIN THE PURPOSE: YOU WILL NEED THIS SKILL WHEN YOU • THE BODY OF THE SPEECH: EXPLAINS THE DEMONSTRATION IN DETAIL: • EQUIPMENT: YOU WILL NEED THE FOLLOWING EQUIPMENT / TOOLS / INGREDIENTS: 1.…… 2. ………3……….. 4……….. 5. ………….. 6………… 7. • METHOD: THERE ARE (?) STEPS IN THIS PROCESS: STEP 1: STEP 2: STEP 3: STEP 4: STEP 5: STEP 6 (AS MANY AS YOU NEED!) • INCLUDE WARNINGS ABOUT WHAT CAN GO WRONG: TAKE CARE WHEN YOU … Downloaded from hlayiso.com • CONCLUSION: ENCOURAGE YOUR AUDIENCE TO TRY THE SKILLS YOU HAVE SHOWN THEM

DIRECTIONS • DIRECTIONS EXPLAIN WHAT ROUTE TO TAKE TO FIND A PLACE. YOU WILL LEARN HOW TO: Ask for Follow Give directions directions directions Downloaded from hlayiso.com

ASK FOR DIRECTIONS • PHRASES FOR ASKING DIRECTIONS  HOW DO I GET THERE …?  WHAT’S THE BEST WAY TO …?  WHERE IS …?  HOW LONG WILL IT TAKE TO …?  COULD YOU TELL ME HOW TO FIND THIS ADDRESS/PLACE? Downloaded from hlayiso.com

• WORD ORDER OF QUESTION SENTENCES  THE SUBJECT COMES AFTER THE VERB.  QUESTION SENTENCES START WITH A  QUESTION WORD: HOW, WHERE, WHY, WHEN, WHAT, WHICH.  QUESTION SENTENCES END WITH A  QUESTION MARK. Downloaded from hlayiso.com

PREPOSITIONS  PREPOSITIONS ARE THE SMALL WORDS THAT USUALLY RELATE TWO WORDS OR PHRASES TO ONE ANOTHER. THE USE OF PREPOSITIONS:  THEY DO NOT HAVE ANY STRAIGHT RULES, WE LEARN THEM FROM PRACTICEAND READING  THEY ARE USED TO SHOW RELATIONSHIP OF ONE THING TO ANOTHER E.G. THE KETTLE IS ON THE STOVE. where is the computer in relation to the table? (on)  THEY GO BEFORE NOUNS, PRONOUNS, ARTICLES AND GERUNDS. E.G. HER LOVE OF SINGING KEPT HER GOING. NB! AVOID ENDING A SENTENCE WITH A PREPOSITION! E.G. WHAT ARE YOU STARING AT? AT WHAT ARE YOU STARING?  USING THE CORRECT PREPOSITION IS CRUCIAL WHEN GIVING DIRECTIONS! Downloaded from hlayiso.com