Physical Sciences Grade 12 P2 Gauteng Mock 2018 QP

Downloaded from hlayiso.com of ess GAUTENG PROVINCE pee: REPUBLIC OF SOUTH ATRICA GAUTENG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION PREPARATORY EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SCIENCES PAPER 2 AA TIME: 3 hours MARKS: 150 16 pages + 4 data sheets PHYSICAL SCIENCES: Paper 2 1084E ALC AAT X10 wm P.T.O.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES 2 (Paper 2) 10842/18 GAUTENG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION PREPARATORY EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SCIENCES (Paper 2) TIME: 3 hours MARKS: 150 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION I 10. 11. This question paper consists of 10 questions. Answer ALL the questions in the ANSWER BOOK. Start the answer to each question on a NEW page. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. Leave ONE line open between sub-questions, for example, between QUESTION 2.1 and QUESTION 2.2. You may use a non-programmable calculator. You may use appropriate mathematical instruments. You are advised to use the attached DATA SHEETS. Show ALL formulae and substitutions in ALL calculations. Round-off your final numerical answers to a minimum of TWO decimal places. Give brief discussions, et cetera where required. Write neatly and legibly. P.T.O.

QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS 1.1 Downloaded from hlayiso.com (Paper 2) PHYSICAL SCIENCES 10842/18 Four options are given as possible answers to the following questions. Each question has only ONE correct answer. Write only the letter (A — D) next to the question number (1.1 ~ 1.10) in the answer book, e.g. 1.11 - D. Consider the structural formulae of THREE organic compounds given below: H H H H ae ae It H—C—H AoW HOH a a ry hd H—-C—H H ad H H weit it, fad | HoH Which ONE of the following statements about the above compounds is CORRECT? A P and R are the same compound. B _Qand R are the same compound. C All three are different compounds. D __ All three compounds are branched alkanes. P.T.O. (2) a

Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES 4 (Paper 2) 10842/18 1.2. Consider the four chemical samples below. Pp oo a AN 12 g zinc powder 12 g zinc granules a 7™ o— oo las : R a $s 1 dm? of 1 mol-dm® HCE solution 1 dm® of 2 mol-dm® HCE solution Asmall balloon must be inflated with hydrogen gas. The balloon is attached to the top of one of the flasks into which zinc was added. To inflate the balloon as quickly as possible, which ONE of the combinations will be the most suitable? A PandR B PandS Cc QandP D QandS (2) P.T.O.

1.3 14 1.5 1.6 1.7 1:8 Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES (Paper 2) 10842/18 Diluted hydrochloric acid is gradually added to a flask of distilled water. What effect will this have on the value of the dissociation constant Ky of water at 25° C? A B Increase, until Ky reaches a maximum value. Decrease, until Ky is zero. C No effect, no matter how much acid is added. D_Asharp increase in Ky and then a sudden decrease in Ky. Which ONE of the following factors does NOT affect a chemical system in equilibrium? A Temperature B Time C Pressure D Concentration Which ONE of the following species CANNOT act as an ampholyte? A B Cc D HSO; H20 CO2 HSO; A standard copper-zinc electrochemical ceil delivers a current. How do the concentrations of the two electrolytes change in time? A B Cc D [Cu?"] decreases and [Zn"] increases at the same rate. [Cu?*} and [Zn?"] are unaffected as the reaction proceeds. [Cu2*] increases and [Zn°*] decreases in time. [Cu] and [Zn*"] both steadily decreases until both are zero. A spontaneous reaction occurs when chlorine gas comes into contact with hydrogen gas. The probable reason for this is that ... A B Cc D chlorine is a good oxidising agent. hydrogen is an oxidising agent. chlorine is a good reducing agent. hydrogen and chlorine are both non-metals. Consider the following hypothetical redox equation. X(s) + 2¥**(aq) = X?"(aq) +2Y?"(aq) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Which ONE of the following statements concerning the above equation is correct? wens) X undergoes reduction by losing 1 electron. X undergoes reduction by losing 2 electrons. Y™ undergoes reduction by gaining 1 electron. ye undergoes reduction by gaining 2 electrons. (2) P.T.O.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES 6 (Paper 2) 10842/18 1.9 Which ONE of the fallowing is an industrial use of nitric acid? A Refining of petrol and oil B Dehydrating agent Cc Recovery of metals from their ores D Preparation of fertilisers 1.10 The reaction 2SO3 + O2 > 2S0; in the contact process is ... A reversible and does not take place in the presence of a catalyst. B not reversible and only takes place in the presence of vanadium pentoxide. Cc reversible and takes place in the heat exchanger of the factory. D reversible and takes place in the presence of a catalyst. QUESTION 2 2.1 The molecular formula C2H4O2 has two isomers. 2.1.1. Define an isomer. 2.1.2 The structural formula of one of the isomers of C2H,4Oz is H \ Write down the IUPAC name for this isomer. 2.1.3 Draw the structural formula of the other isomer of the compound given above. 2.1.4. Write down the IUPAC name for this isomer in QUESTION 2.1.3. 2.1.5 To which homologous series does the isomer in QUESTION 2.1.3 belong? C2 H (2) P.T.O. (2) (2) [20] (2) (2) (2) (1) (1)

Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES 7 (Paper 2) 10842/18 Wegeen€ 2.2 Consider the structural formula below. } CH HeooH How 3 \ t I t= on Oi CH CH cH, Ht OS H,c~ Noe SoH” | a H. aC su HjC-—CH, \ ; Gs HHary + one For this compound, write down the: eA 2.2.1 General formula of the homologous series to which it belongs (1) 2.2.2 IUPAC name (2) 2.3 Write down the structural formula of a tertiary alcohol consisting of 4 carbon atoms. (2) 2.4 Consider the following organic compound below. Write down the structural formula of the functional group of this compound. Cy Hoc (1) [14] QUESTION 3 Grade 12 learners investigate the effect of the molecular mass on the boiling point of the first 8 members of the homologous series of the primary alcohols. 3.1 Give ONE precaution that the learners need to take during this investigation. (1) 3.2 Structural isomers can influence the outcome of this investigation. Alcohols with more than two carbon atoms have more than one structural isomer. 3.2.1 Write down the TWO structural formulae and the IUPAC names of the isomers of the alcohols containing three carbon atoms. (4) 3.2.2 The leamers used heptan-1-ol as one of the compounds during the investigation. Which ONE of the isomers named in QUESTION 3.2.1 must be used to make the results comparable and fair? (1) 3.2.3 Give the reason for the choice made in QUESTION 3.2.2. (1) P.T.O,.

3.3 3.4 Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES 8 (Paper 2) 10842/18 Butan-1-ol and butan-2-ol have different melting and boiling points. State, with reasons, which ONE of these two alcohols have the highest ... 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.3.4 melting point. vapour pressure. Will the boiling point of a primary alcohol INCREASE or DECREASE if the number of carbon atoms in the chain increases to eight? Give a reason for the answer to QUESTION 3.3.3. Polymers are used widely in our society to form a variety of plastic compounds. 3.4.1 3.4.2 3.4.3 Name the process where very large, high-molar mass molecules are formed from small molecules? Name the monomer in the following organic molecule: HC—CH,—cH,L-cH,—cH} CH —CHy—CH,— CH; CH, n Give ONE use of the polymer in QUESTION 3.4.2. QUESTION 4 41 The following equation represents an organic chemical reaction. C3Hs (g) +HBr (g) > compound X + H2O > secondary aicohol Write down the molecular formula of compound X. Name the type of reaction that takes place when C3Hg is converted to compound X. Give the IUPAC name of the secondary alcohol that is formed. Define a secondary alcohol. Instead of adding water to compound X, concentrated sodium hydroxide and ethanol is added, and the mixture is heated under reflux. Write down the IUPAC name of the organic product that is formed. Name the type of elimination reaction that takes place. P.T.O. (3) (3) (1) (2) (1) (1) (1) {19] (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)

Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES 9 (Paper 2) 10842/18 4.2 Most organic compounds can undergo substitution, addition or elimination reactions to produce a variety of compounds. Some incomplete organic reactions are represented below. Reaction I: CH3 — CH2— CH = CHp + H20 > Reaction II: CH3 — CH2— CH2 — C(CH3) = CH2 + HBr > Reaction III: CH3 — CH(OH) — CH2 — CH3 + H2SO,4 — > 4.2.1 Name the type of reaction represented by Reaction Ill. Both Reactions | and Il are examples of addition reactions. Name the type of addition reaction that is represented by: 4.2.2, Reaction | 4.2.3 Reaction Il 4.2.4 Reaction I takes place in the presence of a catalyst. Write down the FORMULA of the inorganic catalyst used in Reaction I. 4.2.5 Write down the IUPAC name of the major product formed in Reaction II. QUESTION 5 5.1 The foliowing equation represents a reaction used to prepare CO2(g) in the school laboratory. Pieces of calcium carbonate are added to a 0,1 mol-dm® hydrochloric acid solution in a glass beaker. CaCO3(s) + 2HC&(aq) > CaCh(aq) + CO2(g) + HO) 5.1.1 Mention THREE ways to increase the rate of CO2 production in the above reaction. 5.1.2 Discuss TWO methods to measure the rate of this reaction. 5.1.3 Give TWO reasons why this reaction will NOT reach equilibrium in the beaker. P.T.O. (1) (1) (1) (1) (2) [12] (3) (4) (2)

5.2 Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES (Paper 2) 10842/18 10 In an investigation, different lengths of magnesium ribbon of the same width react with diluted hydrochloric acid of the same concentration. The rate at which hydrogen gas is produced in each reaction is measured and the data obtained is recorded in the table below. Length of magnesium ribbon (cm) 1,0 [2,0 |3,0 [4,0 |5,0 |6,0 | 7,0 3 R i cm ate of production of Hy (2) at o9| 18/27/36) 46| 54 | 64 25°C A graph of the results appears below. Rate of production of H, versus length of magnesium ribbon 7 = 6 E = Ps e& 5 ASS a xz 4 ram Lo} Cc Ss 3 2 Le} 3 2 oO 2 a S 4 ® s 0 ina 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 Length of magnesium ribbon (cm) 6.0 7.0 5.2.1. Use the graph to give the rate at which hydrogen gas is produced froma 5,5 cm length of magnesium ribbon. 5.2.2 The experiment is repeated under the same conditions, except that the hydrochloric acid is heated to 60 °C before the magnesium ribbon is added. How will the gradient of the new graph differ from that of the original gradient? Write only STEEPER GRADIENT or LOWER GRADIENT. 5.2.3 Explain your answer to QUESTION 5.2.2 in terms of the collision theory. 5.2.4 What conclusion can be made from the graph’? P.T.O. (1) (1) (2) (2) [15]

Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES 1 (Paper 2) 10842/18 QUESTION 6 6.1 State Le Chatelier’s principle. (2) 6.2 lodine reacts with excess hydrogen in a sealed container of constant volume. Hydrogen iodide is formed. He (g) + I2 (g) = 2HI(g) AH >0 Samples of the initial reaction mixture and the equilibrium reaction mixture’s molecular compositions are shown below. An iodine atom is represented by (O) and hydrogen atom by (e). Initial reaction mixture Reaction mixture at equilibrium 6.2.1. The temperature of the equilibrium mixture is decreased, and a new equilibrium is established. Choose between A and B to identify the new molecular composition of the reaction mixture. (1) A B 6.2.2 Explain the answer to QUESTION 6.2.1 (3) 6.3 Consider the equilibrium established in an aqueous 0,10 mol-dm* ethanoic acid (acetic acid) solution at 25 °C. CH3COOH(£) + H2OQ(2) = H30*(aq) + CH3COO (aq) The pH of this solution is 2,87. This pH corresponds to a [H30*] = 1,34 x 10° mol-dm? 6.3.1 Calculate the equilibrium constant of an aqueous solution of ethancic acid at 25 °C. (3) P.T.O.

6.4 Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES (Paper 2) 10842/18 12 6.3.2 Concentrated sodium ethanoate (CH3COONa), was dissolved in an ethanoic acid solution. How will the pH of the ethanoic acid solution change? Write only INCREASES, DECREASES, or STAYS THE SAME. 6.3.3. Explain the answer to QUESTION 6.3.2 4 mol of gas X and 4 mo! of gas Y are added and sealed in a 2 dm? (1) (3) container at a certain temperature. The following equilibrium is established at a certain temperature. 2X(g) + 3¥(g) = X2¥a(9) The graph below shows the number of moles of gas X and gas X2Y3 present from the time the container is sealed. 1 HY I va) l I = J 1 = T l 2 i i] i] 2 E 24 I ' I 2 I 1 1 I ! l 1 l I ' ' X2¥a(g)! ! 05+--= ' | 1 L 1 0 30 70 100 Time (s) 6.4.1. How many moles of gas X2Y3 are formed by the time the reaction reaches equilibrium at 30 s? 6.4.2 Calculate the value of the equilibrium constant at t = 50 s. (1) (6) [20] P.T.O.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES 13 (Paper 2) 10842/18 QUESTION 7 7.1 The dissociation constant of some substances is given below. Name of substance Formula Ka (298 K) Hydrogen sulphate ion HSO; 1,2 x 107 Ammonium ion NH? 5,6 x 10% Phosphoric acid H3PO, 7,5x 10% Hydrocyanic acid HCN 4,9x 10% 7.1.1 Write down the FORMULA of the substance that has the highest tendency to dissociate. (1) 7.1.2 Write down the FORMULA of the conjugate base of hydrocyanic acid. (1) 7.2 7,6 g of impure commercial washing soda (NazCO3.10H20) is dissolved i in water. The solution is diluted to 500 cm’ in a measuring flask. 25 cm? of this solution is titrated with a standard HCE solution of concentration 0,1 mol-dm*. NazCO3.10H20 + HCf > NaCf + H2O +CO2 7.2.1 Rewrite and balance the chemical equation for the above reaction. (2) 7.2.2 Three indicators are available to indicate the equivalence point of this titration. e Methyl orange e Bromothymol blue e Phenolphthalein Choose from the list of indicators, the ONE which will be the most suitable for this titration. (1) 7.2.3 Give a reason for the answer to QUESTION 7.2.2 (2) 7.2.4 What colour change will be observed during the titration of the base with the acid. (1) 7.2.5 Calculate the mass of pure NazCO3 in commercial washing soda, if 24,8 cm? of the HC? solution was needed to reach the equivalence point in the titration. (5) 7.2.6 Calculate the percentage purity of the NazCOs; in the original mass of commercial washing soda. (3) [16] P.T.O.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES 14 (Paper 2) 10842/18 QUESTION 8 8.1. A standard electrochemical cell is set up according to the equation below. Mg(s) + 2AgNO3(aq) > Mg(NOsz)2(aq) + 2Ag(s) 8.1.1 Write down the cell notation of this cell. (3) 8.1.2 Write down the NAME of the oxidising agent. (1) 8.1.3 Calculate the initial emf of this cell. (3) 8.1.4 At what temperature is the emf of a standard cell measured? (1) 8.1.5 At what half-cell concentration will the cell give the emf obtained in QUESTION 8.1.3? (1) 8.1.6 This cell is connected to a light bulb marked 3V;6W. !n theory the bulb should light up, but in practice it does not. (1 = =). Give a possible reason for this observation. (3) [12] QUESTION 9 9.1. Acell consists of a source of direct current (a battery) connected to two electrodes that are immersed in an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid as indicated below. The electrical circuit is complete. Power I supply H3O*(aq) Cr(aq) 9.1.1. To which electrode (anode or cathode) do the hydronium ions migrate? (1) 9.1.2. Write down the half-reaction taking place at the electrode in QUESTION 9.1.1. (2) P.T.O.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES 15 (Paper 2) 10842/18 9.1.3 Give the NAME or FORMULA of the product that is formed at the other electrode. 9.2 The electroplating of metals is a very important industrial electrachemical application. 9.2.1 Define electroplating. 9.2.2 Name ONE use of electroplating. 8.2.3 To which electrode must the object that is to be electroplated be connected? QUESTION 10 10.1 The table below shows the ideal soil conditions for growing three types of crops. Crop Soil pH | Soil | Soil Soil iL nitrogen i phosphorous | potassium : Wheat 6 "Medium | High Low | ‘Potatoes | 9 | Medium | Medium High | | Sugar beet 7 | Medium [Medium High | 10.1.1 Which crop grows best in acidic soil? A farmer bought the fertilisers listed in the table below: Common name | Chemical formula Sulphate of potash | KeSOu | Triple superphosphate | Ca(H2PO,.) | Ammonium nitrate [ NHaNO3 LAmmonium sulphate L(NH4)2S04 Samples of soil from two fields, A and B were analysed. The results are in the following table: | Field Nitrogen Phosphorous | Potassium [A Low High Low [B Medium Medium Medium 10.1.2 Which ONE of the fertilisers should the farmer add to the soil in field A to make it more suitable for growing wheat? 10.1.3. Give a reason for the answer to QUESTION 10.1.2. 10.1.4 Calculate the % nitrogen in the ammonium nitrate. P.T.O, il (1) (2) (1) (1) [8] (1) (1) (3) (4)

Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES 46 (Paper 2) 10842/18 10.1.5 Some of the processes used in the manufacturing of fertilizers are indicated in the flow diagram below. Complete the flow diagram below by writing down the NAME or FORMULA of substances A to E. Write only the ietter and the answer in your ANSWER BOOK. Air Natural gas ; a Element A Element B v Ammonia —————— Salt E Salt D a Mix with air and Pass over < catalyst v Nitrogen monoxide (NO) Cooled and Dissolved more air added in water v Nitric acid }€ Brown gas C (5) [14] TOTAL: 150 P.T.O.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES (Paper 2) 10842/18 17 DATA FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES GRADE 12 PAPER 2 (CHEMISTRY) GEGEWENS VIR FISIESE WETENSKAPPE GRAAD 12 VRAESTEL 2 (CHEMIE) TABLE 1: PHYSICAL CONSTANTS / TABEL 1: FISIESE KONSTANTES NAME/NAAM SYMBOL/SIMBOOL | VALUE/WAARDE Standard pressure 7 7 p 1,013 x 10° Pa Standaarddruk Molar gas volume at STP : 7 7 Vin 22,4 dm°-mol” Molére gasvolume by STD Standard temperature T° 273K Standaardtemperatuur Charge on electron rg e A,6x10%C Lading op elektron Avogadro's constant 7 Na 6,02 x 10 Avogadro se konstante TABLE 2: FORMULAE / TABEL 2: FORMULES 7 _m _N [ n =u n N, | Bara V 4] c=—_ n=—_- | MV Vu i : H = - log[H30*] | a prt = - logis Cv) om, | Kw = [H30"J[OH] = 1 x 10°" at / by 298 K 8 8 o ° @ Eel = E cathode ~~ Eenode ES = Eistode ~ E ode \ Or / of ESn = E “reduction — E “oxidation / eS — EC sansl— E petiosic Or / of Ea = Eameno agent — Eaeng agent / so = E cpsideormitde! ~ E ccusaermitdol P.T.O.

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Increasing oxidising ability / Toenemende oksiderende vermoé Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES (Paper 2) 10842/18 19 TABLE 4A: STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS TABEL 4A: STANDAARD REDUKSIEPOTENSIALE Half-reactions / Halfreaksies Ec (Vv) Fo(g)+2e° = 2F- + 2,87 Co*+e = Co” + 1,81 H,0,+2H*+2e = 2H,0 44,77 MnO4 +8H*+5e° = Mn*+4H,0 +1,51 Ch(g)+2e = 2Cr +1,36 CrOF +14H"+6e° = 2Cr*+7H,O | +1,33 O,(g)+4H*+4e7 = 2H,0 +1,23 MnOQ2+ 4H’ +2e° = Mn” +2H,0 + 1,23 Pi*+2e = Pt + 1,20 Bro(t)+2e = 2Br +1,07 NO, +4H*+3e = NOQ)+2H,0 | +0,96 Hg" +2e" = Hg(t) + 0,85 Ag'+e = Ag + 0,80 NO; +2H’ +e” = NO,g)+H,0 | +0,80 Fe*+e = Fe" +0,77 O.(g) + 2H* +2e° = HO, +0,68 b+2e S ar + 0,54 Cu’te = Cu + 0,52 $02+4H*+4e" = $+2H,0 + 0,45 2HO+O,+4e° = 40H" +0,40 Cu*+2e = Cu + 0,34 SOZ +4H*+2e" = SO,(g)+2H,O | +0,17 Cu*+e = Cu" | +0,16 Sn“ +2e = Sn* | +0,15 S+2H"+2e = H,S(qg) j +0,14 2H’ +2e° = H,(g) 0,00 Fe’ +3e" = Fe 0,06 Pb**+2e° = Pb -0,13 Sn**+2e = Sn ~0,14 N?*+2e = Ni —0,27 Co*+2e = Co —0,28 Cd*+2e = Cd | -0,40 crt+se = crt 1 oat Fe" +2e = Fe | 0,44 Cr*+3e° = Cr -0,74 Zn*+2e = Zn —0,76 2H,0 +2e = H(g)+2O0H” | -0,83 Cr*+2e = Cr -0,94 Mn” +2e° = Mn —1,18 AGT +3e° = AL — 1,66 Mg”*+2e = Mg ~ 2,36 Na*+e = Na -2,71 Ca*+2e = Ca _~2,87 SP'+2e = Sr ~2,89 Ba**+2e = Ba ~2,90 Cs*+e = Cs —2,92 Kite = K —2,93 Lite = Li — 3,05 Increasing reducing ability / Toenemende reduserende vermoé P.T.O.

Increasing oxidising ability / Toenemende oksiderende vermoé Downloaded from hlayiso.com PHYSICAL SCIENCES (Paper 2) 10842/18 TABLE 4B: STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS TABEL 4B: STANDAARD REDUKSIEPOTENSIALE Half-reactions / Halfreaksies Ec () Lite Ps Li — 3,05 Ki +e = K - 2,93 Cs'+ & = Cs 2,92 a Ba” + 26° = Ba — 2,90 Sr + 2e = Sr — 2,89 Ca™ + 2e = Ca - 2,87 3 Na’ +e 7 Na -2,71 s Mg” + 267 = Mg — 2,36 3 At + 3e7 = At -1,66 > Mn + 2e7 = Mn -1,18 $ Cr* + 267 = Cr -0,91 $ 2H,0 + 2° = Hog) + 20H" | -0,83 o Zn + 2e° 2 Zn -0,76 g Cr’ + 3e° i Cr = 0,74 3 Fe** +207 = Fe - 0,44 & Crt +e = cr" -0,41 g Cd?" + 2e7 = Cd -0,40 & Co** + 267 = Co - 0,28 = Ni?’ + 26° i Ni 0,27 g Sn** + 2e° = Sn 0,14 6 Pb? + 2e° = Pb -0,13 e Fe™ + 3e7 = Fe - 0,06 ~ 2H’ + 20° = H.(g) 0,00 = S$ +2H'+2e = H2S(g) +0,14 5 Sn** +267 = sn* +0,15 6 Cu* +e = Cut + 0,16 = S02 +4H'+2e° = SOx(g) + 2H,0 | + 0,17 3 Cu?" + 26° = Cu + 0,34 3 2HO+O.+4e °° = 40H + 0,40 = SOQ. + 4H" + 4e° = § + 2H,0 + 0,45 a Cu’ +e = Cu + 0,52 B Ip + 26° = ar + 0,54 3 O,(g)+2H*+2e = H202 + 0,68 3 Fe +e = Fe** +0,77 £ NO, +2H'+e = NO,(g)+H,O0 | +0,80 Ag te = Ag +0,80 Hg” + 227 = Hg(t) + 0,85 NO; +4H*+3e" == NO(g)+2H,0 | +0,96 Bro(t) + 2e = 2Br + 1,07 Pe +2e = Pt + 1,20 MnO.+4H*+2e = Mn +2H,O | +1,23 O.(g)+4H*+4e° = 2H20 + 1,23 CrO?F +14H"+6e = 2Cr*+7HZ0 | + 1,33 Ch(g) + 2e° = 2cr + 1,36 MnO; +8H*+5e = Mn” +4H,0 | + 1,54 H,02+2H'+2e = 2H,0 +1,77 Co* +e = Co” + 1,81 F(g) + 267 2 2F- + 2,87 END