Accounting Grade 12 Paper 2 NSC November 2025 Memo (English)

NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 ACCOUNTING P2 NOVEMBER 2025 MARKING GUIDELINES MARKS: 150 MARKING PRINCIPLES: 1. Unless otherwise stated in the marking guidelines, penalties for foreign items are applied only if the candidate is not losing marks elsewhere in the question for that item (no penalty for misplaced item). No double penalty applied. 2. Penalties for placement or poor presentation (e.g. details) are applied only if the candidate is earning marks on the figures for that item. 3. Unless otherwise stated, give full marks for correct answer. If answer is incorrect, mark workings. 4. If a pre-adjustment figure is shown as a final figure, allocate the part-mark as a working mark for that figure (not the method mark for the answer). Note: if figures are stipulated in memo for components of workings, these do not carry the method mark for final answer as well. 5. Unless otherwise indicated, the positive or negative effect of any figure must be considered to award the mark. If no + or – sign or bracket is provided, assume that the figure is positive. 6. Where indicated, part-marks may be awarded to differentiate between differing qualities of answers from candidates. 7. If candidates provide more than the required number of responses, inspect all responses to give benefit to the candidate. Penalties may be applied for foreign entries if candidates earn full marks on a question (max -2 per Q). 8. This memorandum is not for public distribution; as certain items might imply incorrect treatment. The adjustments made are due to nuances in certain questions. 9. Where penalties are applied, the marks for that section of the question cannot be a final negative. 10. Where method marks are awarded for operation, marker must inspect reasonableness of the answer. 11. Operation means 'check operation'. 'One part correct' means operation and one part correct. Note: check operation must be +, -, x, ÷ as per candidate's calculation (if valid) or per memo. 12. In calculations, do not award marks for workings if numerator & denominator are swapped – this also applies to ratios. 13. In awarding method marks, ensure that candidates do not get full marks for any item that is incorrect at least in part. Indicate with a . 14. Be aware of candidates who provide valid alternatives beyond the marking guideline. Note that one comment could contain different aspects. 15. Codes: f = foreign item; p = placement/presentation. These marking guidelines consist of 13 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Accounting/P2 2 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 1 1.1 BANK RECONCILIATION 1.1.1 CASH JOURNALS ON 31 JULY 2025: Cash Receipts Journal Cash Payments Journal R162 000 R55 200 2 160  10 000  16 500 one mark + 16 500 one mark 2 700 one mark + 2 700 one mark 33 000  5 400  13 000  975  605  10 -1 foreign (max -1) (only if marks are scored elsewhere for the same figure) -1 superfluous items (max -1); ensure that the candidate do not get full marks for including any incorrect figure/s. 1.1.2 Choose only ONE template below to answer this question. TWO-COLUMN METHOD: BANK RECONCILIATION STATEMENT ON 31 JULY 2025 Debit Credit Balance as per Bank Statement 119 080  Outstanding deposit 41 850  No. 207 7 650  Outstanding EFTs No. 208 10 800  Incorrect EFT 11 000  Debit card on 29 July 2025 13 000  140 480  DR and CR totals Balance as per bank account must be the same Could be Cr 171 930 171 930 7 -1 presentation (max -1) (inappropriate/no details -1 for foreign items (max -2) if marks awarded elsewhere For the 2-Column method, candidates must place figures in the correct column to earn marks. In awarding the method mark for the balancing bank account figure, ensure that the candidates do not get full marks for including any incorrect figure/s. Indicate with a . OR Copyright reserved Please turn over

Accounting/P2 3 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines ONE-COLUMN METHOD: BANK RECONCILIATION STATEMENT ON 31 JULY 2025 Balance as per bank statement 119 080 * Outstanding deposit 41 850  No. 207 (7 650)  Outstanding EFT's No. 208 (10 800)  Incorrect EFT 11 000  Debit card on 29 July 2025 (13 000)  Balance as per bank account 140 480 * 7 -1 presentation (max -1) (inappropriate/no details) -1 for foreign items (max -2); if marks awarded elsewhere For the 1-Column method, candidates must present the appropriate sign i.e. positive or negative. *Be alert to candidates who start with the bank account balance or vice versa In awarding the method mark for the balancing bank account figure, ensure that the candidates do not get full marks for including any incorrect figure/s. Indicate with a . 1.1.3 Identify TWO problems (with figures) with the management of cash in Duma Stores. In EACH case, provide a different solution on how these problems can be prevented in future. Problem with figures Solution Problems   figure/s     Missing cash of R10 000 Outsource the collection of cash by security companies / encourage EFT or card payments by customers / implement dual authorisation for cash deposits / separation of duties / conduct unannounced cash counts or surprise check / request bank notification. Incorrect recording of transactions Double check the recording of financial in Cash Journals, R16 500/R5 310. transactions / daily cash reconciliation. Poor budgeting for debit orders / Keep sufficient cash to pay debit orders cash flow problems / Unpaid debit / automate alerts and reminders for order, R2 700. debit orders. Ineffective keeping of financial Submit financial documents timeously to records, R13 000. the bookkeeper. 6 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Accounting/P2 4 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 1.2 CREDITORS' RECONCILIATION 1.2.1 Creditors' Ledger Account of Statement of Account Matsulu Suppliers Incorrect 270 140 287 600 balance [– 17 280 + 13 680] (i) – 3 600  [100 500 – 40 500] (ii) + 60 000  – 16 200 one mark – 16 200 one mark (iii) – 32 400  (iv) + 1 410  + 330  (v) + 42 000  (vi) – 154 380  235 550 * 235 550 *one part correct for both totals; must include opening balances; could be different amounts Accept brackets for negative sign; if no sign assume positive. Accept correct identifiable amounts presented in wrong line/s. Foreign entries, -1 per line if a mark has been scored on that line. 11 1.2.2 Explain how the business can prevent this problem from happening in the future, excluding separation of duties. Provide TWO points. Any TWO valid points   Do not accept separation of duties • Orders and payment to be authorised by senior personnel. • Establishment of procurement committee / obtain multiple quotations per order to enhance the procurement process / ensure supplier reliability and fair pricing through a proper vetting process. • Regularly compare competitor prices using updated catalogues. • Conduct frequent audits of purchasing transactions. • Employees must disclose personal ties with suppliers to avoid biasness. 4 What action should be taken against the purchasing manager, besides dismissing him? Provide ONE point. Any ONE valid point  Do not accept dismiss the purchasing manager • Disciplinary hearing / verbal or written warning / temporary suspension / lay charges against him. • Recover the excess amount added during the purchase of chairs / deduct money from his salary to recover financial loss. • Reassign the purchasing manager to a different section or department / demote him to another department. • Limit the purchasing manager’s contact with suppliers to prevent misconduct. • Blacklist the purchasing manager from future employment of similar position. 2 TOTAL MARKS 40 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Accounting/P2 5 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 2 2.1 SUPERSAVERS SUPERMARKET 2.1.1 Calculate the value of the closing stock on 28 February 2025, using the FIFO method. WORKINGS ANSWER [850 – 32] [980 – 818] OR [150 + 12] (*818  x 42 ✓) + (*162  x 37 ) 34 356 three marks 5 994 two m marks one mark *For two method marks; both figures must add up to 980. R40 350  one part correct OR Both amounts added (35 700 – 1 344) + (5 550 + 444) one mark two marks one mark two m marks Ensure that only one option is marked consistently. 7 2.1.2 Bryan has noticed that some of the stock of flavoured juices has exceeded their shelf life (sell-by date) of 65 days. Identify the value of stock that Bryan is referring to, using the FIFO stock valuation method. WORKINGS ANSWER 12 x 37 OR 96 200 – 95 756 OR 5 994 – 5 550 444  one part correct 2 2.1.3 How can Bryan manage the stock of flavoured juices to avoid losses incurred by the business? Provide TWO points. Any TWO relevant points   • Purchase stock more frequently instead of buying in bulk. • Identify old stock close to expiry date and offer it to customers at a reduced price / use inventory software to monitor sales and expiry dates of stock / perform routine inventory checks regularly to reconcile records. • Train employees to understand proper rotation of stock / arrange stock in the supermarket to position new stock correctly. 4 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Accounting/P2 6 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 2.2 BANDURA PRINTERS 2.2.1 Rotrim model: Calculate the value of the closing stock on 30 June 2025, using the specific identification method. WORKINGS ANSWER (30 + 90 – 79) [79 x 15 500] 635 500  41  x 15 500  OR 465 000 + 1 395 000 – 1 224 500 one part correct one mark one mark one mark If x by R15 500 Ensure that only one option is marked consistently. 4 2.2.2 Punchies model: Calculate the stockholding period (in days) using the closing stock. WORKINGS ANSWER 780 500  x 365 (557 500  + 2 453 000  – 780 500 ) 1 2 230 000 three marks 127,8 days  one part correct OR 35 one mark x 365 must x 365 100 three marks 1 days not necessary (25 + 110 – 35) accept 128 days/127 days ‘x 365’ does not constitute ‘one part correct’. Numerator and denominator must be marked as such. Do not award a mark for any operation done to R780 500 or 35 units. Ensure that only one option is marked consistently. 5 Comment on the stockholding period. Provide ONE point, with figures. The stockholding period for the year ended 30 June 2024 was 69 days. Comparison with figures  Comment  • It has increased (from 69 days) to 127,8 days see 2.2.2 / by 58,8 days. • Other printer models may become outdated due to an improved technology on Clear View printer / stock moving slow (pilling) due to delayed sales / there will be increased storage costs decreasing profitability / increased risk of printers becoming stolen / cash tied up in stock instead of being available for other expenses. 2 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Accounting/P2 7 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 2.2.3 Clear View model: Although the Clear View model had units returned, Moses is very pleased with his decision to introduce it as a new model. Provide TWO points (with figures) to explain why Moses is pleased. Compare Clear View printer with other printers   Figures   • Each printer is sold at a profit of R14 000 (total gross profit R910 000), higher than that of the other two printers. • Sold an average of 13 printers per month, surpassing Rotrim (7) and Punchies (8). • Sold 86,7% of available printers, compared to (65,8%) of Rotrim or (74,1%) of Punchies / sold 65 units in 5 months, compared to Rotrim (79 units) and Punchies (100 units) over 12 months. • Achieved the highest sales of R3 185 000, exceeding Rotrim (R1 714 300) and Punchies (R3 108 000). • Only 10 (R350 000) units left, compared to (41 units) (R780 500) for Rotrim and (35 units) (R635 500) for Punchies. • Stock holding period is only 23,1 days compared to (127,8 days) of Punchies and (124,7 days ) of Rotrim. 4 Moses wants to reduce the number of units being returned to the suppliers. Give ONE suggestion on how this can be achieved. Any relevant suggestion  • Ensure that the printer is in working condition when it is bought. • Change supplier to boost reliability and customer satisfaction of Clear View. • Request guarantee / warranty terms from suppliers. • Train staff on handling procedures / store printers correctly to prevent damages. 2 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Accounting/P2 8 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 2.3 MANAGEMENT OF INVENTORIES 2.3.1 Electric fans: Identify the decision that Robin implemented about the electric fans. Decision  (figures not required) • Increased the mark-up % (from 60% to 80%)/by 33,3%/by 20% points • Increased the selling price per unit (from R200) to R270/by R70/by 35% 1 Explain how this decision had a positive result for the business. Provide ONE point, with figures. Any relevant point  figure/s  • Gross profit has increased (from R42 000) to R61 200/R19 200/by 45,7% • Despite selling fewer units (510 vs. 560), total sales increased (from R112 000) to R137 700/by R25 700/by 22,9%, showing that the price increase boosted overall revenue. 2 2.3.2 Fridges: Robin changed the brand of fridges that he was selling. Provide ONE point, with figures, to show that this was not a good idea. Any relevant point  figures  • Number of units sold has decreased (from 740) to 430/by 310/by 41,9% • Sales has decreased (from R5 161 500) to R2 418 750/by R2 742 750 / by 53,1% • Gross profit has decreased (from R1 720 500) to R806 250/by R914 250/by 53,1% • Units on hand/ unsold increased (from 80) to 530/by 450/by 562,5% • Sold 90,2% (740 out of 820) in 2024 as compared to 44,8% (430 out of 960) in 2025. 2 TOTAL MARKS 35 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Accounting/P2 9 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 3 3.1 LOCKSMITH MANUFACTURERS 3.1.1 FACTORY OVERHEAD COST NOTE * one part correct Water and electricity (915 000 x 75%) 686 250  Insurance [78 000 – 8 100] one mark one mark one mark one mark 41 940 * ( 69 900  x 3/5 ) OR 46 800 – 4 860 OR 69 900 – 27 960 Rent expense two marks two marks (240 400  x 2 525  / 3 005 ) OR 112 000 + 90 000 202 000 * OR 240 400 one mark – 38 400 three marks Depreciation: factory equipment 684 000 x [20/100 x 4/12] [3 036 000 x 20/100] 652 800 * (45 600  + 607 200 ) Other factory expenses 737 010 #one part correct; must include OFE If advertising is included; lose mark on final total 2 320 000 # 16 3.1.2 Calculate the cost of production of finished goods for the year ended 28 February 2025. WORKINGS ANSWER 32 000 one mark 8 377 000  6 025 000  + 2 320 000  + [125 000 – 93 000]  one part correct see 3.1.1 4 3.2 PICASO MANUFACTURERS CELLPHONE CASES 3.2.1 Calculate the break-even point on 31 August 2025. Workings Answer [28 750 x R80] 2 300 000 ✓ 19 328 units 265 ✓ – 146 ✓ one part correct 119 two marks Do not accept (< 1) Accept 19 327,7 Numerator and denominator must be marked as such. 4 3.2.2 Comment on whether Dawn should be satisfied with the number of units produced and sold. Provide ONE point, with figures. Valid explanation  comparison of units produced and BEP with figures • Units produced 28 750 above BEP of 19 328 see 3.2.1/exceeds BEP by 9 422/making profit on 9 422 units (R1 121 218). • More units were produced and sold, resulting in a higher profit of 9 422 units in 2025 compared to 5 000 units in 2024. FOR ONE MARK: • Units produced increased (from 25 000) to 28 750/by 3 750 units / BEP decreased (from 20 000) to 19 328 see 3.2.1 / by 672 units. 2 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Accounting/P2 10 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 3.2.3 Identify the fixed-cost item (with figures) that has been poorly controlled. Give a possible reason for this concern. COST ITEM REASON FOR CONCERN Cost  Trend (with figures)   Administration cost per unit increased Abuse of administration cost items / by R4,00 (R42,00 – R46,00)/by 9,5%. increase in office or administrative expenses / additional administrative staff. 3 CELLPHONE SCREEN COVERS 3.2.4 Variable-cost item (with figures) that has been poorly controlled. Give advice on how to improve control over this cost item. COST ITEM ADVICE Cost  Trend (with figures)   • Train workers to minimise wastage Direct materials cost per unit increased by R14,00 • Reduce wastage by buying quality (R24,00 – R38,00)/by 58,3%. materials / use accurate cutting machinery to ensure precise phone cover shapes. • Change to cheaper supplier / buy from local suppliers / buy in bulk to earn discount. • Increase supervision 3 Variable-cost item (with figures) that has been well controlled. Explain how this item was well controlled. COST ITEM REASON Cost  Trend (with figures)   Do not accept “no overtime worked” or retrenchment. Direct labour cost decreased by • Due to proper supervision workers R2,00 (R22,00 – R20,00)/by 9,1% were more efficient / labour hours were scheduled according to production needs. • Better trained / qualified workers • There were no power interruptions e.g. load shedding. 3 TOTAL MARKS 35 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Accounting/P2 11 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 4 4.1 VIVAN TRADERS 4.1.1 DEBTORS' COLLECTION SCHEDULE: CREDIT DECEMBER JANUARY MONTHS SALES 2025 2026 R R R Superfluous entry; October 2025 1 417 500 198 450 Lose method on total November 2025 1 443 750 721 875 202 125  December 2025 1 496 250 430 920 748 125  January 2026 1 522 500 * 438 480 *$ * if x 30% x 96% RECEIPTS FROM DEBTORS 1 351 245 1 388 730 * 6 *one part correct $ If the credit sales of R1 522 500 is not shown but the R438 480 is correct, award three marks 4.1.2 Calculate: WORKINGS ANSWER (i) Bad debts in January 2026 85 050  1 417 500 x 6% OR 1 417 500 – 1 332 450 one part correct (ii) Salary: sales manager for January 2026 23 200  (29 000/20 x 4) one mark two marks one part correct 29 000  – 5 800  OR 29 000 x 16/20 (iii) Salaries: assistants for December 2025 see salaries 128 000  [80 000 x 60%] one part correct 80 000 + 48 000  OR 80 000 x 1.6 OR 88 000 x 160/110 OR OR 88 000 x 100/110 80 000 one mark one mark one m mark (iv) Advertising for December 2025 [182 700 / 2 030 000 x 100] 1 995 000  x 9%  179 550  one part correct 13 4.1.3 Calculate: WORKINGS ANSWER Cash purchases of trading stock in January 2026 [100/160 x 20/100] one mark one mark 253 750  2 030 000  x 20/160  OR 1 268 750 – 1 015 000 one part correct 3 Payments to creditors in January 2026 1 203 125 x 80% OR 1 925 000 x 80/160 962 500  one part correct; 2 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Accounting/P2 12 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 4.1.4 Calculate the amount of the fixed deposit which will mature on 31 January 2026. WORKINGS ANSWER one mark two marks 272 000  5 440  x 12/3  x 100/8  OR 5 440 / 2% one part correct OR x 4 OR OR 816 000 5 440 x 12/1 x 100/8 one part correct one mark one mark one mark one m mark 4 4.2 WARMBAD TRADERS 4.2.1 Explain why it is important to compare the budgeted figures with the actual figures. Provide ONE point. Any valid point  • To check if the budget is realistic / it helps to refine and create more realistic future budgets. • Detecting variance on receipts and payments. • Anticipate how the bank balance will be affected. • Assessing how well the business achieved its financial targets. • To encourages responsible financial behaviour by monitoring how funds are used / ensures spending and income are managed within limits and prevents overspending. 2 4.2.2 Loss of sales: The number of units sold in October has decreased. Give a reason, with figures, for this decrease. Any valid point  • The selling price increased (from R1 600) to R2 480/by R880/by 55% 2 Provide a calculation to show the amount of cash that was lost in October 2025 sales when compared to September 2025 sales. WORKINGS ANSWER [124 – 61] 2 480 x 63 OR 307 520 – 151 280 156 240  one part correct 2 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Accounting/P2 13 DBE/November 2025 NSC – Marking Guidelines 4.2.3 State TWO benefits that Warmbad Traders will forfeit by failing to meet its financial obligations with suppliers in October 2025. Any TWO valid points   • Forfeit the early repayment discount. • Lose advantage of trade discounts for loyal customers / forfeit bulk-buying discounts and priority deals. • Credit score or rating will decrease which will affect future credit applications / reputation of the business will be tarnished. • Future credit limit will be affected. • Suppliers might switch to a cash-only policy, affecting the business’s cash flow. 2 4.2.4 Remuneration to employees: Give ONE reason for Dozer awarding his employees with commission during September 2025. Quote figures. Any ONE valid point  figure/s  • Number of units sold increased (from 90) to 124/by 34/by 37,8% • Sales increased by R54 400 (34 x R1 600)/by 37,8% • Cash surplus increased (from R63 800) to R98 950/by 55,1% 2 Give ONE reason why the employees will not be satisfied with the revised remuneration policy. Quote figures. Any ONE valid point (with figures)  • Total earnings for October R31 500 (R10 500 per employee) is lower than September salaries of R38 400 (R12 800 per employee) / by R6 900 (by R2 300 per employee) / by 18%. • Total salaries and commission in September of R42 300 is more than total salaries and commission in October of R31 500 / by R10 800 (R3 600 per employee). 2 TOTAL MARKS 40 TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved