Life Sciences Grade 12 P1 Eastern Cape Prelim 2024 Memo

Downloaded from hlayiso.com NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE KEREITI 12 LOETSE 2024 LIFE SCIENCES P1 TATAISO YA HO TSHWAYA MATSHWAO: 150 Tataiso ena ya ho tshwaya e na le maqephe a 10. Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 2 LIFE SCIENCES P1 (EC/LOETSE 2024) PORINSIPOLE TSE AMANANG LE HO TSHWAYA LIFE SCIENCES 1. Ha ho fanwe ka dikarabo tse fetang nomoro ya matshwao Emisa ho tshwaya ha nomoro ya matshwao e se e fihleletswe o behe mola le lebitso ‘max.’ lehlakoreng le letona la pampiri. 2. Mohlala,haeba ho batlwa mabaka a mararo e be ho fanwa ka a mahlano Tshwaya a mararo a pele ho sa kgathaletsehe hore a nepahetse/a fosahetse 3. Haeba ho ngotswe porosese kaofela empa ho batluwe feela karolo ya yona E bale kaofela o fane ka matshwao tulong e nepahetseng. 4. Haeba ho botsitswe dipapiso empa ha fanwa ka ditlhaloso. Amohela haeba diphapang /ditshwantshwanyo di hlakile. 5. Haeba ho hlokwa theibole empa ho fanwe ka seratswana. Baithuti ba tla lahlehelwa ke matshwao bakeng sa ho se etse theibole. 6. Haeba ho fanwe ka didayakeramo tse nang le dianotheishene empa ho hlokeha ditlhaloso. Baithuti ba tla lahlehelwa ke matshwao. 7. Haeba ho fanwe ka diflow chart bakeng sa ditlhaloso. Baithuti ba tla lahlehelwa ke matshwao. 8. Haeba tatellano e lobokantswe le kamano e sa utlwahale Ha tatellano le kamano di nepahetse, fana ka matshwao. Ha tatellano le kamano di sa nepahala, se ke wa fana ka matshwao. Ha tatellano le kamano di boela di nepahala hape , qalella ho fana ka matshwao. 9. Diaborevieishene tse sa hlakang Amohela haeba e ne e ile ya hlaloswa pele karabong. Ha eba e sa hlaloswa o se ke wa fana ka matshwao, bakeng sa aboreviashene e sa hlakang empa fana ka matshwao haeba karabo e nepahetse. 10. Monomoro o sa nepahalang Haeba karabo e kenella hantle hoya ka tatellano ya dipotso empa e sa nomorwa ka nepo, e amohelehile. 11. Haeba puo e sebedisitsweng e fetola tlhaloso e lebeletsweng Seke wa e amohela. 12. Sepeling se diphoso Ha se bonahala, amohela karabo, ha feela e sa hlalose ho hong mabapi le Life Sciences kapa e sena moelelo. 13. Ha ho fanwe ka mabitso a tlhaloso e tshwanang ho terminoloji Amohela, ha feela e ile ya amohelwa kopanong ya dipuisano tsa ho tshwaya porovinsing. 14. Ha ho botsitswe thlaku empa ha fanwa ka lebitso feela (and vice versa) Seke wa e amohela. Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena di se sebediswe ntle ho tumello Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/LOETSE 2024) LIFE SCIENCES P1 3 15. Ha diyunit di sa ngolwa ho dimeshamente Baithuti batla lahlehelwa ke matshwao. Tataiso ya matshwao e tla fana ka matshwao a ikemetseng bakeng sa diyunit. 16. Ela hloko bakeng sa karabo, e ka fanwang, ka tsela ya mokgwa o sa tshwaneng. 17. Sehloho Kaofela (didayakeramo, kerafo, theibole, etc.) di tshwanela ho ba le sehloho. 18. Phetolelo ya puo e molaong (terms and concepts) Lentswe le le leng kapa a mabedi a hlahellang(s) ka puo efe kapa efe e molaong e seng eo moithuti a botsitsweng ka yona e sebedisitswe ka tsela e nepahetseng dikarabong tsa hae a fuwe matshwao ha feela e nepahetse. Motshwayi ya nang le boiphihlelo ba puo ena e molaong a ka sebediswa. Hona ho dumelletswe ho puo tsohle tsa maleme a molaong.. Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena di se sebediswe ntle ho tumello Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 4 LIFE SCIENCES P1 (EC/LOETSE 2024) KAROLO A POTSO 1 1.1 1.1.1 A ✓✓ 1.1.2 B ✓✓ 1.1.3 C ✓✓ 1.1.4 A ✓✓ 1.1.5 C ✓✓ 1.1.6 B ✓✓ 1.1.7 D ✓✓ 1.1.8 A ✓✓ 1.1.9 C ✓✓ (9 x 2) (18) 1.2 1.2.1 Reseptha ✓ 1.2.2 khorione ✓ 1.2.3 Effector ✓ 1.2.4 Vasodilation ✓ 1.2.5 Concave ✓ 1.2.6 Mammary ✓ 1.2.7 Retina ✓ 1.2.8 Haepothalamase✓ 1.2.9 Synapse ✓ / synaptic cleft (9 x 1) (9) 1.3 1.3.1 A feela ✓✓ 1.3.2 Ha e yo ✓✓ 1.3.3 A le B ka bobedi ✓✓ 1.3.4 A feela ✓✓ (4 x 2) (8) 1.4 1.4.1 (a) D ✓ ‒ Serebelamo ✓ (2) (b) A ✓ ‒ Sereboramo✓ (2) (c) B ✓ ‒ Medulla Oblongata ✓ (2) 1.4.2 - Vetheborae ✓ Thibelo ya temalo ✓ - Sereborale sepaenale fluidi ✓ Tshireletsa spinal cord e sebetsa jwaloka shock absorber ✓/ ho thibela kgohlano - Meninjese ✓ Memboraine e tshwara spinal cord se dule tulong e le nngwe✓/ e etsa sereboral spinal fluidi (tshwaya tse pedi feela tsa pele) (tse pedi le hoba ke dife) (4) Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena di se sebediswe ntle ho tumello Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/LOETSE 2024) LIFE SCIENCES P1 5 1.5 Dayakeramo ya sensory nyurone Cell body Nucleus Cytoplasm Dendrite Myelin Axon sheath Axon Terminal Marking guideline: ✓ (T) Sehloho se nepahetseng ✓✓✓ (L) Leibole (Tse 3) ✓ (D) Dayakeramo e nepahetseng (sensory nyurone) (5) MATSHWAO OHLE A KAROLO A: 50 Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena di se sebediswe ntle ho tumello Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 6 LIFE SCIENCES P1 (EC/LOETSE 2024) SECTION B QUESTION 2 2.1 2.1.1 10 ✓ x 84 000 ✓ = 8 400 bana ✓ (3) 100 2.1.2 (a) - Morumo wa mokotla wa polasitiki ✓ E kwahela (tshireletsa)kgolo ya feyuthase ho fihlela e belehwa. ✓ (Tshwaya e le NNGWE feela ya pele) (2) (b) - Oksijeneitara ✓ E dumella phapanyetsano ya Digase ✓ KAPA - Mokotla wa Intravenous ✓ O fana ka dinyutrient ✓ (Tshwaya e le NNGWE feela ya pele) ( 1 x 2) (2) 2.1.3 - Foethase e holang (organs) e dumelletswe ho tswela pele e hola ✓ /e fa ditho tsa mmele nako e lekaneng - Kgolo e ntle ya yona ✓/ ho hola ka ho felletseng/ kgolo e phethahetseng - Scientists tla tseba hore nako ya kemaro e tla fela neng ✓/ngwana o tla tswalwa neng. (3) 2.1.4 - Difoethase tsa motho di ka nna tsa lahlwa / senywa ✓ - Ho fumana tumello ho tswa ho regulatory bodies ✓/batswadi Ho fana ka tsebo e tletseng ho motswadi (ba) ba nehelang mabapi le ditlamorao ✓ - Kgahlanong le tsa bodumedi ✓ (Tshwaya tse PEDI feela tsa pele) ( tse 2 x 1) (2) 2.2 2.2.1 Ya kahare ✓ fethiliseishene (1) 2.2.2 Monna o lokollela semene kahare ho mmele wa mosadi ✓ (1) 2.2.3 Vivipary ✓ (1) 2.2.4 - Ngwana wa khankaru o kgona ho holela kahare ho mokotla o mmeleng wa mmae nakong e atisitsweng ✓ / ho fihlela matsatsi a 235. - Hona ho fana ka tshireletso e kgolo ✓ kgahlanong maemo a sa tsitsang a tikoloho (accept examples of threats) KAPA - Ngwana wa khankaru o itshwareletsa ho teat ✓ ya mmae - E fana ka nyutrishene ✓ (Tshwaya e le NNGWE ya pele) (e le 1 x 2) (2) 2.2.5 Ngwana wa ka khankaru o … - foufetse ✓ - hlobotse ✓ - itshetlehile ho mmae bakeng sa nyutrishene ✓ (tse 2 x 1) (2) Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena di se sebediswe ntle ho tumello Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/LOETSE 2024) LIFE SCIENCES P1 7 2.3 2.3.1 (a) Vitrerase yuma ✓* / chamber E na le dinyutriente bakeng sa bokahare ba leihlo ✓ - Boloka sebopeho sa leihlo ✓ - Teranseparente ho dumella kganya e fetele ho retina ✓ (✓* e ya tlama + ✓ mosebetsi) (2) (b) Cornea ✓* - Reforakshene ya kganya ✓ - Tshireletso ✓ ya leihlo - Dumella kganya ho kena leihlong ✓ (✓* e ya tlama+ ✓mesebetsi) (2) 2.3.2 - Kganya e kenang leihlong ha e no ba le taolo e phethahetseng ✓ /controlled - Kganya e ngata haholo / e fokolang e ka kena leihlong ✓ - Pherekano ya phetolo ya ditshwantsho tse etsuwang ho retina ✓ /e bakang pono e lerotho. (3) 2.3.3 - Ciliary muscles contract ✓ - Disuspensori ligamente di ya nyehla ✓ - Thenshene ya lense e ya fokotseha ✓ - Lense e ba convex haholo ✓ / bulged - Matla a reforakshene ya lense a tla eketseha ✓/ mahlasedi a kganya a ba reforakthede haholo (sebopeho se hlakileng se ya etsuwa ho retina) (5) 2.4 2.4.1 (a) D ✓ ‒ Ovale window ✓ (2) (b) B ✓ ‒Khoklea ✓ (2) 2.4.2 - Ho reteleha ka potlako/ le dayerekshene ✓ - Ho susumetsa cristae ✓ - Stimulase se fetolelwa ho diimphalse ✓ - Imphalse` e romelwa ho serebelamo ✓ - E feta ho the auditory nerve ✓ - Serebelamo e romela imphalse ho voluntary / skeletale muscles ✓ ho boloka botsitso (tse 4 x 1) (4) 2.4.3 - Sebopeho se se telele se thatehileng ✓ Katiso ya sebaka surface ho hlokomela kgatello ya thothomelo ya endolymph ✓ / thusetsa bokgoni ba ho hlokomela frequency e tlase ya modumo. KAPA - Boteng ba dimekhanoreseptha / organ of Corti ✓ Ho fetolela kgatelloya thothomelo ho neve imphalse ✓ KAPA - E na le fluidi ✓/perilymph le endolymph Tulo eo kgatello ya modumo e etswang e be e tsamaye ho yona ✓ (e le 1 x 2) (2) Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena di se sebediswe ntle ho tumello Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 8 LIFE SCIENCES P1 (EC/LOETSE 2024) 2.5 2.5.1 Geotropism ✓ (1) 2.5.2 Ho ya ka ho potapota ha clinostat - Keravithi e tla lekana mahlakore kaofela ✓ / ha ho no ba teng tshusumetso ya keravity - Auxins e tla abuwa ka ho lekanang ✓ ho root tip - E etse tekanyo ya cell elongeishene ✓ /kgolo - E etse root e hole e tshekalletse ✓ /e sa kobeha (tse 3 x 1) (3) 2.5.3 - Auxin e fetela ho lehlakore le lefifi/le moriting ✓ ho setemo - Boemo bo phahameng ba auxin bo susumetsa kgolo - E ise ho kgolo e phahameng ya cell /elongeishene lehlakoreng leo - Setemo se kobehele lehlakoreng la kganya (le hoba ke di fe 3 x 1) (3) 2.5.4 - Mekhenikhale ✓ /metsu e hlabang - Khemikhale ✓ (2) [50] Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena di se sebediswe ntle ho tumello Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/LOETSE 2024) LIFE SCIENCES P1 9 POTSO 3 3.1 3.1.1 - 20 ya ditweba e ne e behilwe sehlopheng ka nngwe ✓ Ho netefatsa saese e kgolo ya sempole ✓ KAPA - Diteko di entswe makgetlo a 3 nakong ya matsatsi a 90 ✓ Ekseperimente e ile ya phetaphetwa ✓ KAPA - Disempole tsa serumo ya madi di ile tsa nkuwa random ✓ Ho ka fumana avareije ✓ (Tshwaya e le NNGWE ya pele) (le ho ba ke efe 1 x 2) (2) 3.1.2 - Ka ho sebedisa ditweba tsa dilemo tse tshwanang tsa reporodakshene -Ho fa ditweba metsi a lekanang ✓ (Tshwaya e le NNGWE ya pele) ( le hoba ke efe 1 x 1) (1) 3.1.3 - Thestoseterone levele ✓ / boemo ba thestoseterone (1) 3.1.4 - Ke control / Ho re thusetsa ho pabisa diphetho ✓ - Ho bontsha ho fokotseha ha thestoseterone ✓ - E bakelwa ke dimicroplastic ✓ - E seng metsi ✓ (le ho ba ke dife 3 x 1) (3) 3.1.5 Ha dimicroplastic di kenella mmeleng wa organism (ditweba), difertility rate di tla theoha ✓✓ KAPA Dimicroplastics ka hare ho mmele wa organism (tweba) e tla bakela e hodimo fertility rate ✓✓ (2) 3.1.6 - Ka tlasa kgatello ya thesetoseterone ✓ - Didiploid cell tse ho diseminiferase tjhubule✓ tsa ditestes - Di kena ho meiosis ✓ - Ho etsa dispemo tse hapoloide ✓ (4) 3.1.7 - Dithestosterone level tse tlase ✓ e tlaba le diphetho - Ho theoha ha spermatogenesis ✓/sepemo tse nyane di tla etsuwa/kgolo (2) 3.2 3.2.1 (a) Diadrenal gland ✓ (1) (b) Pancreas ✓ (1) 3.2.2 Ho boloka levele ya thyroxin ✓ bohatong bo bosesane ✓ mmeleng. (2) 3.2.3 Exocrine - ho ✓/pancreatic juice - ho ya ho duct ✓ Endocrine - ho ntshuwa ha homoune ✓/glucagon/insulin - e ya mading ✓ (4) Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena di se sebediswe ntle ho tumello Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10 LIFE SCIENCES P1 (EC/LOETSE 2024) 3.2.4 - Tshwelesa C e ntsha homoune adrenalin ✓ - e phahamisa ho fetolelwa ha glycogen ho ya ho tlulukhouse ✓ - e nyolla mading diglucose levele ✓ - e nyolla bohato ba ho hema ✓ - oxejene e ngata e fetela madding. ✓ - e nyolla morethetho wa ho otla ha pelo ✓ - diblood vessel ho sekelethale muscle ✓ - Madi a mangata a tla fihla ho diskeleta musclel✓ (tse 5 x 1) (5) 3.2.5 (a) pituitary gland ✓ / hypophysis / Karolo A (1) (b) Akeromegaly ✓ (1) 3.3 3.3.1 (a) Ovaries ✓/ graafian follicle /follicle e holang (1) (b) Corpus luteum ✓ (1) 3.3.2 Letsatsi la 14 ✓ (1) 3.3.3 - LH levele di nyolohile✓/phahame (1) 3.3.4 - Impolanteishene/ fethiliseishene e etsahetse ✓ - corpus luteum ha e fele ✓/e tswelapele ho ntsha porojesterone (2) 3.3.5 - Dilevele tse hodimo tsa projesterone ✓ - Dithibela pituitary gland ✓ - Ho etseng FSH ✓ - Ha ho difollicle tse tla susumetswa ho etsahala ✓ (4) 3.4 3.4.1 - Chemoreceptors e ho carotid artery e susumetswa✓ ke ho theoha ha pH - Imphalese di romelwa ho medulla oblongata ✓ /medulla oblongata e ya susumetswa - medulla oblongata e susumetsa pelo ✓ - ho otla ka potlako ✓ ho etsang - carbon dioxide e ngata e iswe matshwafong ✓ - dimuscle tsa ho hema ✓ /diinthakhostale muscle le dayaforamo - dikhontrakta haholo ka ho hofitisisa✓ hape - bohato/botebo ba ho hema bo ya phahama ✓ - carbon dioxide e ntshetswa kantle ✓ - carbon dioxide levele e mading e ya theoha✓/e kgutlela boemong. ( tse 7 x 1) (7) 3.4.2 - Semathi se tla ba le hyperthermia ✓ - Diporoteine/dienzyme di ka nna tsa shwa ✓ - A ka nna a lahlehelwa ke consciousness ✓ - E lebisang ho temalo ya moshwelella ✓/lefu (tse 3 x 1) (3) [50] MATSHWAO OHLE A KAROLO B: 50 MATSHWAO OHLE: 150 Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena di se sebediswe ntle ho tumello Phetla Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.