Mechanical Technology Grade 12 Eastern Cape Mock 2014 QP

Downloaded from hlayiso.com NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 SEPTEMBER 2014 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY MARKS: 200 TIME: 3 hours *mchtdm* This question paper consists of 21 pages, including a formula sheet.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 2 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY (SEPTEMBER 2014) INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. Write your name and surname in the spaces provided on the ANSWER SHEET. 2. Answer ALL the questions. 3. Read all the questions carefully. 4. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. 5. Write neatly and legibly. 6. Show ALL calculations and units. Round off final answers to TWO decimal places. 7. Candidates are allowed to use non-programmable, scientific calculators and drawing/mathematical instruments. 8. Start EACH question on a NEW page. 9. Use the criteria below to assist you in managing your time: QUESTION CONTENT COVERED MARKS TIME 1 Multiple-choice questions 20 18 minutes 2 Safety 10 9 minutes 3 Tools and equipment 12 11 minutes 4 Materials 13 12 minutes 5 Terminology (Manufacturing process) 30 27 minutes 6 Joining methods 25 22 minutes 7 Forces 30 27 minutes 8 Maintenance 15 13,5 minutes 9 Systems and control 25 22,5 minutes 10 Turbines 20 18 minutes TOTAL: 200 180 minutes Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (SEPTEMBER 2014) MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY 3 QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS Various possible options are provided as answers to the following questions. Choose the correct answer and make a cross (X) in the block (A–D) next to the question number (1.1–1.20) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.21 B. 1.1 Which ONE of the following is not an environmental hazard? A Noise B Illumination C Horseplay D Radiation (1) 1.2 Safety precautions need to be adhered to when working with surface grinders. Which one does NOT fit? A Protective clothing and eye protection is essential. B Check if the tool rest is not more than three (3) mm from the wheel surface. C Understand all the operating instructions applicable to the machine. D Make sure all guards and safety devices are in place. (1) 1.3 One of the following components is NOT part of a compression tester. Which one does NOT fit? A Pressure adjuster B Pressure relieve valve C Pressure meter indicator D Spark plug adapter (1) 1.4 Which of the following is used to measure the pitch diameter? A Depth micrometer B Screw-thread micrometer C Inside micrometer D Outside micrometer (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 4 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY (SEPTEMBER 2014) 1.5 Which of the following are NOT a use for medium carbon steel (0,25–0,55%)? A Crankshaft B Pliers C Screw driver D Rivets (1) 1.6 The temperature where carbon steel changes from pearlite to austenite when heated is called the … A recalescence point. B decalescence point. C lower critical point. D higher critical point. (1) 1.7 Identify the milling operation as shown in FIGURE 1.8 below. FIGURE 1.8 A Face milling B Straddle milling C Gang milling D Centralised milling (1) 1.8 When using a simple indexing movement on the dividing head, determine the amount of turns to be taken for a 5 teeth gear. A 5 full turns B 8 full turns C 12 full turns D 4 full turns (1) 1.9 Which ONE of the following is NOT an arbor cutter? A Plain cutters B Staggered tooth cutters C Profile cutters D Woodruff cutters (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (SEPTEMBER 2014) MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY 5 1.10 Which of the following is a destructive test? A Liquid dye penetrant test B X-ray test C Nick bend test D Ultrasonic test (1) 1.11 Which type of inert gas is used in MIG welding? A Acetylene B Oxygen C CO₂ mixed with argon D Nitrogen (1) 1.12 Indicate the correct answer for the abbreviation of a UDL, as used in the calculations of moments in engineering components. A Uniform depth load B Universal design load C Uniformly destructive load D Uniformly distributed load (1) 1.13 Which component is directly proportional to the applied load and inversely proportional to the cross sectional area of the body? A Strain B Young’s modulus of elasticity C Change in length D Stress (1) 1.14 The PCMO (passenger car motor oil) must perform many functions and should be aligned with the basic fundamentals of lubrication theory. Choose the INCORRECT statement. A Separates moving components by forming a film of lubricant between them. B Cleans deposits and sludge from engine surfaces that prevent the formation of varnish or lacquering on the piston. C Minimises wear in areas of the engine where loads are high or speeds are low. D The oil must foam and be unable to resist oxidation. (1) 1.15 Which of the lubricants properties below can be defined as the lowest temperature at which oil gives off vapours which can ignite? A Pour point B Flash point C Viscosity D Ground point (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 6 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY (SEPTEMBER 2014) 1.16 What is the function of the ECU in a motor vehicle? A Receiving data from the engine B Receiving data from the electronic control system C Receiving data from the carburettor D Receiving data from the alignment system (1) 1.17 Which of the following statements defines Boyle’s law? A The volume of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure on it, if the temperature remains constant. B The ratio between the stress and strain in a metal. C The reluctance of a body to move. D An internal force in material which resists a shearing load or force. (1) 1.18 Hydraulics refers to the transmission and control of forces and movement by means of … A volume. B fluid. C load. D gas. (1) 1.19 Which of the following is an advantage of a supercharger in comparison to a turbocharger? A To install, it requires extensive modifications of the exhaust system. B Must idle before shut down. C Do not suffer lag. D Are lubricated by engine oil. (1) 1.20 Identify the charger shown below and select the correct answer. A Supercharger B Double charger C Steam charger D Turbocharger (1) [20] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (SEPTEMBER 2014) MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY 7 QUESTION 2: SAFETY Study FIGURE 2.1 below. FIGURE 2.1 2.1 Name any FOUR safety rules that must be observed when working with a hydraulic press. (4) 2.2 State if the following statements are TRUE or FALSE: 2.2.1 It is the learner’s responsibility to report unsafe/unhealthy conditions in the work place. (1) 2.2.2 Always use the correct spanner to tighten the clamps of a bearing puller. (1) 2.2.3 The surface grinder can be operated without proper eye protection. (1) 2.2.4 It is safe to adjust guards while the power saw is in motion. (1) 2.3 List any TWO safety particulars that must be visible on the label of a gas cylinder. (2) [10] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 8 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY (SEPTEMBER 2014) QUESTION 3: TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT 3.1 Explain the procedure step by step when connecting the gas analyser to the exhaust pipe of a motor vehicle to test the CO2 to analyse the gas emitted by the exhaust pipe. (6) 3.2 Mention a function and a care for the following tools being used in a work place in the column below. Tool Function Care Cooling tester 3.2.1 … 3.2.2 … Torsion tester 3.2.3 … 3.2.4 … Spring tester 3.2.5 … 3.2.6 … (6) [12] QUESTION 4: MATERIALS 4.1 State any FOUR different crystal structures that are indicated on an iron- carbon equilibrium diagram. (4) 4.2 Study FIGURE 4.2 below and identify the THREE temperature points on the critical temperature diagram of 0,83% carbon steel, where different changes take place, whether heating or cooling. (3) C B A FIGURE 4.2 4.3 Give a brief explanation of the iron-carbon equilibrium diagram with reference to the following: 4.3.1 Carbon content (3) 4.3.2 Temperature (3) [13] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (SEPTEMBER 2014) MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY 9 QUESTION 5: TERMINOLOGY 5.1 Study the screw thread and identify the parts A–J as shown below. 5.2 Identify the milling cutters from A–E as shown in the sketches that follow: A B Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY (SEPTEMBER 2014) C D E (5) 5.3 Draw neat sketches to demonstrate the difference between up-cut milling and down-cut milling. (6) 5.4 Calculate the indexing required in cutting 32 teeth on the circumference of a round bar. (4) 5.5 Calculate the width of a key way to be cut on a 50 mm shaft and describe how you would centre a 20 mm wide side and face cutter to cut the key way. (5) [30] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (SEPTEMBER 2014) MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY 11 QUESTION 6: JOINING METHODS 6.1 Explain the difference between non-destructive and destructive tests that can be performed on welded joints. (2) 6.2 Study the TWO welding defects below and identify a cause and cure for each defect: 6.2.1 6.2.4 Tabulate your answer as follows: Defect Cause Cure 6.2.1 … 6.2.2 … 6.2.3 … 6.2.4 … 6.2.5 … 6.2.6 … (6) 6.3 Explain the procedure when the ultra-sonic testing method is performed on welded joints. (6) 6.4 Mention FIVE visual inspections of a good weld. (5) 6.5 Identify the labels of the Mig welding process shown in the illustration (FIGURE 6.5) below. FIGURE 6.5 (6) [25] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 12 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY (SEPTEMBER 2014) QUESTION 7: FORCES 7.1 A tensile force of 100 kN is applied to a round steel bar. The bar has a diameter of 50 mm and a length of 10 m. Young’s Modulus for this steel is 200 GPa. Calculate: 7.1.1 The cross sectional area of the bar (3) 7.1.2 The stress (3) 7.1.3 The strain (2) 7.1.4 The extension of the bar due to the force (3) 7.2 Draw the stress-strain diagram and indicate all the important points on the graph. (7) 7.3 A beam is subjected to two point loads and one UDL, and is supported at each end by RL and RR. Calculate: 7.3.1 The magnitude of RL and RR (4) 7.3.2 The bending moments at points A, B and C (3) 7.4 How would you ‘perform’ an advance test with the beam tester to determine the deflection at any given bending moment of various materials? (5) [30] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (SEPTEMBER 2014) MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY 13 QUESTION 8: MAINTENANCE 8.1 Modern lubricating oils must fulfil certain requirements to prolong the lifespan of an engine. Explain the following properties of oil: 8.1.1 Viscosity (2) 8.1.2 Pour point (2) 8.2 Study FIGURE 8.2 below and give a brief description of how you would go about replacing a chain drive. (6) FIGURE 8.2 8.3 How would you maintain the efficiency of cutting fluid on a lathe? (3) 8.4 What is the main reason why belt drives must be maintained? (2) [15] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 14 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY (SEPTEMBER 2014) QUESTION 9: SYSTEMS AND CONTROL 9.1 The drawing below illustrates a hydraulic press. A force applied on piston ‘A’ induces a force of 380 N on piston ‘B’ of the press. This causes piston ‘B’ to move 18 mm upwards. The diameter of piston ‘A’ is 170 mm and piston ‘B’ is 560 mm. Calculate: 9.1.1 The force applied on piston ‘A’ (4) 9.1.2 The volume displaced by piston ‘B’ (4) 9.1.3 The distance the piston ‘A’ moves downwards in mm (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (SEPTEMBER 2014) MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY 15 9.2 The following information is provided. The distance between driving pulley A and driven pulley B is 650 mm. The driving pulley diameter is 350 mm and the diameter for the driven pulley is 150 mm. The driving pulley rotates at 450 revs/min. Calculate the speed of the driven pulley. 9.3 A gear drive consists of 3 gears; gear C with 20 teeth, turns at 100 r/sec and meshes with an idler gear, with 50 teeth. Gear D meshes with gear E, which turns at 25 r/sec. 20 50 Calculate: 9.3.1 The rotational frequency (revs) of gear D (3) 9.3.2 The number of teeth on gear E (3) 9.4 A gas occupies a volume of 0,08 at a pressure of 3,8 MPa. Calculate the pressure, if the volume is changed to 0,22 at a constant temperature and the pressure is changed to 7,9 MPa at a constant temperature. (6) [25] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 16 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY (SEPTEMBER 2014) QUESTION 10: TURBINES 10.1 Explain the operation principles of an impulse turbine. (5) 10.2 Name FIVE types of steam turbines. (5) 10.3 Identify the labels (a – e) on the gas turbine as shown in the illustration below. (5) 10.4 Explain the working operation of a turbocharger. (5) [20] TOTAL: 200 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (SEPTEMBER 2014) MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY 17 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY: GRADE 12-FORMULA SHEET 1. BELT DRIVES 1.1 Belt speed = 1.2 ( ) Belt speed = (t = belt thickness) 1.3 Belt mass = (A = thickness width) 1.4 Speed ratio = 1.5 Output speed = 1.6 ( ) ( ) Open-belt length = 1.7 ( ) ( ) Crossed-belt length = 1.8 Power (P) = 1.9 Ratio of tight side to slack side = 1.10 ( ) Power (P) = where = force in the tight side 1.11 Width = 2. FRICTION CLUTCHES 2.1 Torque (T) = µWnR µ = coefficient of friction W = total force n = number of friction surfaces R = effective radius 2.2 Power (P) = Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 18 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY (SEPTEMBER 2014) 3. STRESS AND STRAIN 3.1 Stress = or (σ = ) 3.2 ( ) Strain ( ) = ( ) 3.3 Young’s modulus (E) = or ( ) 3.4 Ashaft = 3.5 ( ) Apipe = 4. HYDRAULICS 4.1 ( ) Pressure (P) = ( ) 4.2 Volume = Cross-sectional area x stroke length (l or s) 4.3 Volume liquid displaced by plunger = volume liquid displaced by ram 4.4 Volume = Area x stroke length 5. WHEEL AND AXLE 5.1 Velocity ratio (VR) = = 5.2 ( ) Mechanical advantage (MA) = ( ) 5.3 Mechanical efficiency (ηmech) = 6. LEVERS 6.1 ( ) Mechanical advantage (MA) = ( ) 6.2 Input movement (IM) = 6.3 Output movement (OM) = 6.4 Velocity ratio (VR) = Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (SEPTEMBER 2014) MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY 19 7. GEAR DRIVES SPUR GEAR 7.1 Power (P) = 7.2 Gear ratio = 7.3 roduc of num er of ee h on dri en gears roduc of num er of ee h on dri ing gears 7.4 Torque = 7.5 Torque transmitted = 7.6 ( ) Module (m) = ( ) 7.7 ( ) ( ) Pitch circle diameter (PCD) = or PCD = T 7.8 Outside diameter (OD) = or OD = m(T + 2) 7.9 Addendum (a) = module (m) 7.10 Dedendum (b) = 1,157 m or Dedendum (b) = 1,25 m 7.11 Cutting depth (h) = 2,157 m or Cutting depth (h) = 2,25 m 7.12 Clearance (c) = 0,157 m or Clearance (c) = 0,25 m 7.13 Circular pitch = 7.14 Work depth = or work depth = 8. SCREW THREADS 8.1 Pitch circle diameter: PCD = T 8.2 Addendum (a) = module (mn) 8.3 Dedendum = 1,157 mn 8.4 Clearance = 0,157 mn 8.5 Outside diameter (OD) = PC 8.6 T= 8.7 (Normal module) mn = (module real) mr cos Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 20 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY (SEPTEMBER 2014) 8.8 Number of teeth marked on milling cutter: Nr = ( ) 8.9 Helix angle: TAN 8.10 Lead of work piece = 8.11 Lead of milling machine = dividing head ratio lead screw pitch 8.12 Change gears: ( ) 8.13 Circle pitch = 8.14 The milling machine has a table lead screw with a 6 mm pitch unless stated otherwise. 9. SCREW THREADS 9.1 Pitch diameter (De) = OD – (0,5 x pitch) 9.2 Lead = pitch number of starts 9.3 Helix angle: TAN 9.4 Leading angle = 90° – (helix angle + clearance angle) 9.5 Following = 90° + (helix angle – clearance angle) 9.6 Clearance angle = 3° unless stated differently 10. DIVIDING HEAD TABLE FOR THE MILLING MACHINE HOLE CIRCLES Side 1 24 25 28 30 34 37 38 39 41 42 43 Side 2 46 47 49 51 53 54 57 58 59 62 66 STANDARD CHANGE GEARS 24 x 2 28 32 40 44 48 56 64 72 86 100 10.1 Simple indexing = (where n = number of divisions) 10.2 ( ) Change gears: ( ) or 10.3 Angle ind = Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (SEPTEMBER 2014) MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY 21 11. CALCULATIONS OF FEED 11.1 Feed ( ) = Where = feed per millimetre per minute = feed per tooth in millimetres = number of teeth in cutter = number of revolutions of cutter per minute 11.2 Cutting speed (V) = Where = diameter of the cutter in metres Copyright reserved Please turn over

(SEPTEMBER 2014) MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE 21 11. BEREKENINGE TEN OPSIGTE VAN TOEVOER 11.1 Toevoer ( ) = Waar = toevoer in millimeter per minuut = toevoer in tand per millimeter = aantal tande van die snyer = aantal omwentelinge van die snyer per minuut 11.2 Snyspoed (V) = Waar = diameter van die snyer in meter Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

20 MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE (SEPTEMBER 2014) 8.8 Getal tande gemerk op die freessnyer: Nr = ( ) 8.9 Helikshoek: TAN 8.10 Styging van werkstuk = 8.11 Lei of styging van freesmasjien = verdeelkopverhouding leiskroefsteek 8.12 Wisselratte benodig: ( ) 8.13 Sirkelsteek = 8.14 D m j h ʼn m ʼn 6 mm m . 9. SKROEFDRADE 9.1 Steekdiameter (De) = BD – (0,5 x steek) 9.2 Styging = steek aantal beginne 9.3 Helikshoek : TAN 9.4 Ingryphoek = 90°– (helikshoek + vryloophoek) 9.5 Sleephoek = 90° + (helikshoek – vryloophoek) 9.6 Vryloophoek = 3° tensy anders vermeld 10. VERDEELKOPTABEL VIR FREESMASJIEN GATSIRKELS Sy 1 24 25 28 30 34 37 38 39 41 42 43 Sy 2 46 47 49 51 53 54 57 58 59 62 66 STANDAARDWISSELRATTE 24 x 2 28 32 40 44 48 56 64 72 86 100 10.1 Eenvoudige indeksering = (waar n = getal indelings) 10.2 ( ) ( ) Wisselratte: of 10.3 Hoek ind = Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

(SEPTEMBER 2014) MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE 19 7. RATAANDRYWING REGUITTANDRAT 7.1 Drywing (P) = 7.2 Ratverhouding = 7.3 7.4 Wringkrag = krag 7.5 Wringkrag oorgedra = ratverhouding x insetwringkrag 7.6 ( ) Module (m) = ( ) 7.7 ( ) ( ) Steeksirkeldiameter (SSD) = of SSD = T 7.8 Buitediameter (BD) = of BD = m(T + 2) 7.9 Addendum (a) = module (m) 7.10 Dedendum (b) = 1,157 m of Dedendum (b) = 1,25 m 7.11 Snydiepte (h) = 2,157 m of Snydiepte (h) = 2,25 m 7.12 Vryruimte (c) = 0,157 m of Vryruimte (c) = 0,25 m 7.13 Sirkelsteek = 7.14 Werkdiepte = of werkdiepte = 8. HELIESE TANDRATTE 8.1 Steeksirkeldiameter SSD = T 8.2 Addendum (a) = module (mn) 8.3 Dedendum = 1,157 mn 8.4 Vryruimte = 0,157 mn 8.5 Buitediameter (BD) = SSD + 2 addendum 8.6 T= 8.7 (Normale module) mn = (werklike module) mw cos Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

18 MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE (SEPTEMBER 2014) 3. SPANNING EN VORMVERANDERING 3.1 Spanning = (σ = ) 3.2 ( ) Vormverandering ( ) = ( ) 3.3 Young se modules (E) = of ( ) 3.4 Aas = 3.5 ( ) Apyp = 4. HIDROULIKA 4.1 ( ) Druk (P) = ( ) 4.2 Volume = dwarsdeursnee-oppervlakte x slaglengte (l of s) 4.3 Volume vloeistof deur plunjer verplaas = Volume vloeistof deur ram verplaas 4.4 Volume = Oppervlakte x slaglengte 5. WIEL EN AS 5.1 Snelheidsverhouding (VR) = = 5.2 ( ) Meganiese voordeel (MA) = ( ) 5.3 M (ηmeg) = 6. HEFBOME 6.1 ( ) Meganiese voordeel (MA) = ( ) 6.2 Insetbeweging (IM) = 6.3 Uitsetbeweging (OM) = 6.4 Snelheidsverhouding (VR) = Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

(SEPTEMBER 2014) MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE 17 MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE: GRAAD 12-FORMULABLAD 1. BANDAANDRYWING 1.1 Bandspoed = 1.2 ( ) Bandspoed = (t = banddikte) 1.3 Bandmassa = (A = dikte wydte) 1.4 Spoedverhouding = 1.5 Uitsetspoed = 1.6 ( ) ( ) Oopbandlengte = 1.7 ( ) ( ) Gekruisde bandlengte = 1.8 Drywing (P) = 1.9 Verhouding tussen die stywe kant en slap kant = 1.10 ( ) Drywing (P) = waar = krag in die stywe kant 1.11 Wydte = 2. WRYWINGSKOPPELAARS 2.1 Wringkrag (T) = µWnR µ = wrywingskoëffisiënt W = totale druk n = aantal wrywingsoppervlakke R = effektiewe radius 2.2 Drywing (P) = Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

16 MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE (SEPTEMBER 2014) VRAAG 10: TURBINES 10.1 Verduidelik die werksbeginsel van ʼn impulsturbine. (5) 10.2 Noem VYF soorte stoomturbines. (5) 10.3 Identifiseer die gedeeltes (a – e) op die skets van die gasturbine soos aangedui in die onderstaande illustrasie. (5) 10.4 Verduidelik die werksbeginsel van ʼn turboaanjaer. (5) [20] TOTAAL: 200 Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

(SEPTEMBER 2014) MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE 15 9.2 Die volgende inligting word gegee: Die afstand tussen dryfkatrol ‘A’ en gedrewe katrol ‘B’ is 650 mm. Die dryfkatrol se diameter is 350 mm en die diameter vir die gedrewe katrol is 150 mm. Die dryfkatrol roteer teen 450 rev/min. Bereken die spoed van die aangedrewe katrol. 9.3 ʼn Rataandrywing bestaan uit 3 ratte: rat C met 20 tande, draai teen 100 rev/sek en kam in met ʼn tussenrat, met 50 tande. Rat D kam in met rat E, en draai teen 25 rev/sek. 20 50 Bereken: 9.3.1 Die rotasiegetal (RPM) van rat D (3) 9.3.2 Die getal tande op rat E (3) 9.4 ʼn Gas beslaan ʼn volume van 0,08 teen ʼn druk van 3,8 MPa. Bereken die druk, indien die volume verander na 0,22 teen ʼn konstante temperatuur en die druk verander na 7,9 MPa teen ʼn konstante temperatuur. (6) [25] Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

14 MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE (SEPTEMBER 2014) VRAAG 9: STELSELS EN BEHEER 9.1 Die onderstaande illustreer ʼn hidrouliese stelsel. ʼn Krag word op suier A toegepas en veroorsaak ʼn krag van 380 N op suier ‘B’ van die pers. Dit veroorsaak dat suier ‘B’ 18 mm opwaarts beweeg. Die diameter van suier ‘A’ is 170 mm en suier ‘B’ is 560 mm. Bereken: 9.1.1 Die krag wat op suier ‘A’ toegepas word (4) 9.1.2 Die volume wat suier ‘B’ verplaas (4) 9.1.3 Die afstand wat suier ‘A’ afwaarts beweeg in mm (2) Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

(SEPTEMBER 2014) MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE 13 VRAAG 8: INSTANDHOUDING 8.1 Moderne smeermiddel-olie moet aan sekere vereistes voldoen om die enjin se tydsduur te verleng. Verduidelik die volgende eienskappe van olie: 8.1.1 Viskositeit (2) 8.1.2 Vloeipunt (2) 8.2 Bestudeer FIGUUR 8.2 hieronder en verduidelik kortliks hoe jy die vervanging van ʼn kettingaandrywing sal behartig. (6) FIGUUR 8.2 8.3 Hoe sal jy die snyvloeistof op ʼn draaibank doeltreffend bewerkstellig? (3) 8.4 Wat is die hoofdoel waarom bandaandrywings onderhou moet word? (2) [15] Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

12 MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE (SEPTEMBER 2014) VRAAG 7: KRAGTE 7.1 ʼn Trekspanning van 100 kN word op ʼn ronde staaf toegepas. Die diameter van die staaf is 50 mm en die lengte is 10 m. Young se modulus vir hierdie staal is 200 GPa. Bereken: 7.1.1 Die dwarsdeursnee-oppervlakte van die staaf (3) 7.1.2 Die spanning (3) 7.1.3 Die vervorming (2) 7.1.4 Die verlenging van die staaf as gevolg van die krag (3) 7.2 Teken die spanning-vervormingdiagram en dui al die belangrike punte op die grafiek aan. (7) 7.3 ʼn Balk word aan twee puntlaste en een UVL onderwerp en word aan albei kante deur RL en RR gesteun. Bereken: 7.3.1 Die omvang van reaksies RL en RR (4) 7.3.2 Die buigmomente by punte A, B en C (3) 7.4 Hoe word ʼn gevorderde toets met ʼn balktoetser uitgevoer om gegewe buigmomente van verskeie stukke materiaal te bepaal? (5) [30] Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

(SEPTEMBER 2014) MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE 11 VRAAG 6: HEGTINGMETODES 6.1 Verduidelik die verskil tussen niedestruktiewe en destruktiewe toetse wat op sweislaste uitgevoer mag word. (2) 6.2 Bestudeer die TWEE sweisdefekte onder die hooftrekke hieronder en identifiseer ʼn oorsaak en ʼn regstelling vir elk: 6.2.1 6.2.4 Tabuleer jou antwoord as volg: Defek Oorsaak Regstelling 6.2.1 … 6.2.2 … 6.2.3 … 6.2.4 … 6.2.5 … 6.2.6 … (6) 6.3 Verduidelik die prosedure van die ultrasoniese toetsingmetode wat wat op ʼn sweislas toegepas word. (6) 6.4 Noem VYF moontlike defekte van sweislaste by visuele inspeksie. (5) 6.5 Identifiseer en bestempel die skets van goeie die Mig-sweisproses soos aangedui in die illustrasie (FIGUUR 6.5) hieronder. FIGUUR 6.5 (6) [25] Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

10 MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE (SEPTEMBER 2014) C D E (5) 5.3 Teken die sketse om die verskille tussen die opsny- en afsny-freeswerk te demonstreer. (6) 5.4 Bereken die indeksering wat benodig word om 32 tande op die omtrek van ʼn ronde staaf te sny. (4) 5.5 Bereken die breedte van ʼn spygleuf wat gesny moet word op ʼn 50 mm ronde staaf en beskryf hoe ʼn 20 mm wye voorvlaksnybeitel gesentreer moet word om die gleuf te sny. (5) [30] Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

(SEPTEMBER 2014) MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE 9 VRAAG 5: TERMINOLOGIE 5.1 Bestudeer die skroefdraad hieronder en identifiseer die dele A–J. 5.2 Identifiseer die freessnyers soos aangedui vanaf A–E in die sketse wat volg. A B Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

8 MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE (SEPTEMBER 2014) VRAAG 3: GEREEDSKAP 3.1 Verduidelik die prosedure stap vir stap hoe ʼn gasontleder aan ʼn motor se uitlaatpyp gekoppel moet word om die CO2 te toets om die gas te analiseer wat by die uitlaatpyp uitgeskei word. (6) 3.2 Noem ʼn funksie en ʼn gebruik vir die volgende gereedskapstukke wat gebruik word in die werkswinkel soos in die kolom hieronder aangedui. Gereedskap Funksie Gebruik Verkoelingstelseltoetser 3.2.1 … 3.2.2 … Torsietoetser 3.2.3 … 3.2.4 … Veertoetser 3.2.5 … 3.2.6 … (6) [12] VRAAG 4: MATERIAAL 4.1 Meld enige VIER verskillende kristalstrukture wat op die yster-koolstof ekwilibriumdiagram aangedui word. (4) 4.2 Bestudeer FIGUUR 4.2 hieronder en identifiseer die DRIE temperatuurpunte op die kritiese temperatuurdiagram van 0,83% koolstof, waar verskillende verkuderinge plaasvind, hitte of afkoelings. (3) C B A FIGUUR 4.2 4.3 Verduidelik die yster-koolstof diagram met verwysing tot die volgende: 4.3.1 Koolstofinhoud (3) 4.3.2 Temperatuur (3) [13] Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

(SEPTEMBER 2014) MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE 7 VRAAG 2: VEILIGHEID Bestudeer FIGUUR 2.1 hieronder. FIGUUR 2.1 2.1 Noem enige VIER veiligheidsmaatreëls wat nagekom moet wanneer daar met ʼn persmasjien gewerk word. (4) 2.2 Verklaar of die volgende stellings WAAR of ONWAAR is: 2.2.1 Dit is die verantwoordelikheid van ʼn leerling om onveilige/ongesonde toestande in die werkplek te rapporteer. (1) 2.2.2 Gebruik altyd die korrekte moersleutel om die klem van ʼn rattrekker vas te trek. (1) 2.2.3 Die vlakslyper kan gebruik word sonder regte oë-beskerming. (1) 2.2.4 Dit is veilig om skerms te verstel terwyl die kragsaag in werking is. (1) 2.3 Noem enige TWEE veilige besonderhede wat op die etiket van ʼn gassilinder sigbaar moet wees. (2) [10] Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

6 MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE (SEPTEMBER 2014) 1.16 Wat is die funksie van die EBE in ʼn motorvoertuig? A Ontvangs van data vanaf die enjin B Ontvangs van data vanaf die elektroniese beheereenheid C Ontvangs van data vanaf die vergasser D Ontvangs van data vanaf die opgestelde sisteem (1) 1.17 Watter van die volgende verklarings definieer Boyle’s se wet? A Die volume van ʼn gegewe massa is omgekeerd eweredig aan die druk daarop, indien die temperatuur konstant bly. B Die verhouding tussen spanning en vormverandering in ʼn metaal. C Die traagheid van ʼn liggaam om te beweeg. D ʼn Interne krag in materiaal wat ʼn snykrag kan weerhou. (1) 1.18 Hidroulika verwys na die oorbrenging en beheer van kragte en beweging deur middel van … A volume. B vloeistof. C las/krag. D gas. (1) 1.19 Watter van die volgende is ʼn voordeel van ʼn superaanjaer in vergelyking met ʼn turboaanjaer? A Die installering verg uitgebreide wysiging van die uitlaatstelsel. B Moet luier voordat dit afgeskakel word. C Het nie ʼn probleem van vertraging/sloering nie. D Word deur enjinolie gesmeer. (1) 1.20 Identifiseer die aanjaer hieronder en kies die korrekte antwoord. A Superaanjaer B Dubbelaanjaer C Stoomaanjaer D Turboaanjaer (1) [20] Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

(SEPTEMBER 2014) MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE 5 1.10 Watter van die volgende is ʼn destruktiewe toets? A Kleurstofindringingtoets B X-straaltoets C Kerfbuigtoets D Ultrasoniesetoets (1) 1.11 Watter tipe trae-afskerwingsgas word in MIG-sweiswerk gebruik? A Asitileen B Suurstof C CO₂ gemeng met argon D Stikstof (1) 1.12 Dui die korrekte antwoord aan vir die afkorting UVL, met die berekeninge van momente in ingenieurskomponente. A Uniforme dieptekraglas B Universele ontwerpingslas C Uniforme destruktiewelas D Uniforme verspreidelas (1) 1.13 Watter komponent is direk eweredig aan die toepaslike belasting en omgekeerd eweredig aan die dwarsdeursnee in oppervlakte van ʼn liggaam? A Vormverandering B Young se modulus van elastisiteit C Verandering in lengte D Spanning (1) 1.14 Die passasiersvoertuig-motorolie (PVMO) moet verskeie funksies vervul, waarvan die meeste in lyn is met die grondliggende beginsels van die smeerteorie. Kies die VERKEERDE verklaring. A Bewegende onderdele word geskei deur ʼn smeervlies tussen in te vorm. B Aanpaksels en slyk word van enjinoppervlakte verwyder wat die vorming van vernis op die suier voorkom. C Slytasie beperk in dele van die enjin waar laste hoog of snelhede laag is. D Die olie moet skuim en moet nie oksidasie kan weerhou nie. (1) 1.15 Watter van die eienskappe van smeermiddels hieronder kan gedefinieer word as die laagste temperatuur waar olie wasem afgee wat vlam kan vat? A Vloeipunt B Flitspunt C Viskositeit D Grondpunt (1) Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

4 MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE (SEPTEMBER 2014) 1.5 Watter EEN van die volgende is NIE ʼn gebruik vir medium koolstofstaal NIE (0,25–0,55%)? A Krukas B Knyptang C Skroewedraaier D Klinknaels (1) 1.6 Die temperatuur waar koolstofstaal van perliet na austeniet verander, gedurende verhitting is die … A verhittingspunt. B ontverhittingspunt. C laer kritiese punt. D hoër kritiese punt. (1) 1.7 Identifiseer die freesmasjienwerksbeginsel, soos in FIGUUR 1.8 aangedui. FIGUUR 1.8 A Vlakfreeswerk B Koppelfreeswerk C Groep freeswerk D Gesentraliseerde freeswerk (1) 1.8 Bereken die getal draaie op ʼn 5-tandrat met die gebruik van eenvoudige indeksering op ʼn verdeelkop. A 5 volle draaie B 8 volle draaie C 12 volle draaie D 4 volle draaie (1) 1.9 Watter EEN van die volgende is NIE ʼn draadspilsnyer NIE? A Gewone freesbeitels B Verspreide rattande C Profielbeitels D Woodruffsnyers (1) Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

(SEPTEMBER 2014) MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE 3 VRAAG 1: MEERVOUDIGEKEUSE-VRAE Verskeie opsies word as moontlike antwoorde vir die volgende vrae voorsien. Kies die korrekte antwoord deur ʼn kruis (X) oor die letter (A–D) langs die vraagnommer (1.1–1.20) in die ANTWOORDEBOEK te trek, bv. 1.21 B. 1.1 Watter EEN van die volgende is NIE ʼn omgewingsrisiko NIE? A Gedruis/Geraas B Beligting C Rowwe spelery D Radiasie (1) 1.2 Veiligheidmaatreëls moet gehandhaaf word met die gebruik van die vlakslypers. Watter een is NIE geskik NIE? A Beskermde kleredrag, sowel as oogbeskerming is noodsaaklik. B Neem waar of die gereedskapstut nie meer as drie (3) mm van die slypwiel is nie. C Verstaan al die werksbeginsels met betrekking tot die masjien. D Maak seker dat alle skerms en veiligheidmeganismes in plek is. (1) 1.3 Een van die volgende komponente is NIE deel van ʼn kompressietoetser NIE. Watter een is NIE geskik NIE? A Drukversteller B Drukontlasklep C Drukmeter D Vonkproppasstuk (1) 1.4 Watter EEN van die volgende word gebruik om die steekdeursnit te meet? A Diepte-mikrometer B Skroefdraad-mikrometer C Binne-mikrometer D Buite-mikrometer (1) Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

2 MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE (SEPTEMBER 2014) INSTRUKSIES EN INLIGTING 1. Skryf jou naam en van in die betrokke spasies wat op jou ANTWOORDEBOEK verskaf word. 2. Beantwoord AL die vrae. 3. Bestudeer alle vrae deeglik. 4. Nommer die antwoorde korrek volgens die nommeringstelsel wat in hierdie vraestel gebruik is. 5. Skryf duidelik en leesbaar. 6. Toon ALLE berekeninge en eenhede. Rond die finale antwoorde af na TWEE desimale plekke. 7. Kandidate mag nieprogrammeerbare, wetenskaplike sakrekenaars, asook teken-/wiskundige instrumente gebruik. 8. Begin ELKE vraag op ʼn NUWE bladsy. 9. Gebruik die onderstaande kriteria om jou te help met die beplanning van jou tyd: VRAAG ONDERWERP GEDEK PUNTE TYD 1 Meervoudigekeuse-vrae 20 18 minute 2 Veiligheid 10 9 minute 3 Gereedskap en toerusting 12 11 minute 4 Materiale 13 12 minute Terminologie 5 30 27 minute (Vervaardigingsproses) 6 Samevoegingsmetodes 25 22 minute 7 Kragte 30 27 minute 8 Instandhouding 15 13,5 minute 9 Stelsels en beheer 25 22,5 minute 10 Turbines 20 18 minute TOTAAL: 200 180 minute Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief Downloaded from hlayiso.com

NASIONALE SENIOR SERTIFIKAAT GRAAD 12 SEPTEMBER 2014 MEGANIESE TEGNOLOGIE PUNTE: 200 TYD: 3 uur *mchtdm* Hierdie vraestel bestaan uit 21 bladsye, insluitend en ʼn formuleblad. Downloaded from hlayiso.com