Geography Grade 10 P1 North West November 2019 Memo (Eng)

Downloaded from hlayiso.com PROVINCIAL ASSESSMENT GRADE 10 GEOGRAPHY P1 NOVEMBER 2019 MARKING GUIDELINE FEBRUARY 2019 MARKS: 225 This marking guideline consists of 13 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 2 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking Guideline QUESTION 1: 1.1.1 B 1.1.2 D 1.1.3 C 1.1.4 C 1.1.5 A 1.1.6 D 1.1.7 A 1.1.8 C (8 x 1) (8) 1.2.1 Conduction 1.2.2 Dew point temperature  1.2.3 Leeward side  1.2.4 Magma  1.2.5 Exosphere/Thermosphere  1.2.6 Sedimentary 1.2.7 Syncline  (7 x 1) (7) 1.3.1 2,5 km  (1 x 1) (1) 1.3.2 The more humid the air the higher the condensation level  (1 x 1) (1) 1.3.3 8°C  (1 x 1) (1) 1.3.4 Cirrus  (1 x 1) (1) 1.3.5 Convectional rain  (1 x 2) (2) 1.3.6 Climate conditions: Areas with high temperatures and moist air  Area: Interior of South Africa / Summer rainfall regions in South Africa  (2 x 2) (4) 1.3.7 A – Cirrus  B – Cumulus  C – Stratus  D – Stratocumulus  E - Altocumulus  (5 x 1) (5) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 3 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking Guideline 1.4.1 The area on the surface of the earth immediately above the focus is called the epicenter. (1 x 1) (1) 1.4.2 7.1 magnitude  (1 x 1) (1) 1.4.3 Richter scale  (1 x 1) (1) 1.4.4 Locate active fault zones  Identify high risk areas  Predict where earthquakes might strike  Make sure emergency services are in place  Build dams along fault lines to absorb the shocks  Strengthen existing infrastructure and houses  Build strong breakwaters to protect coastal areas  Built earthquake resistant buildings  Early warning systems for tsunami’s  (any two) (2 x 2) (4) 1.4.5 A lot of people died  Buildings collapsed  Debris injured people and landed in the streets  Fires could have broken out  People are homeless  Water pipes and infrastructure broken  Broken gas and fuel lines cause danger  Collapsed bridges and highways made emergency services difficult  Windows shattered and injured people  (any four) (4 x 2) (8) 1.5.1 Insolation is incoming short-wave radiation from the sun.  (1 x 1) (1) 1.5.2 Reflection  (1 x 1) (1) 1.5.3 Upward  (1 x 1) (1) 1.5.4 Absorption  Scattering  Reflection  (3 x 1) (3) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 4 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking Guideline 1.5.5 Carbon dioxide;  methane;  CFCs;  nitrous oxide;  water vapour  (Any two) (2 x 2) (4) 1.5.6 Increasing occurrence of skin cancer  Leather-like skin  Eye diseases such as cataracts  Weakened immune systems  (Any two) (2 x 2) (4) 1.6.1 South Atlantic High Pressure cell  (1 x 1) (1) 1.6.2 1032 hPa  (1 x 1) (1) 1.6.3 Cold front  (1 x 1) (1) 1.6.4 Winter   (1 x 2) (2) 1.6.5 a) 16 ° C  b) South West  c) Fully overcast/ 8/8  d) 20 knots (kt)  e) none  (5 x 2) (10) [75] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 5 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking Guideline QUESTION 2: 2.1.1 Troposphere  2.1.2 Stratosphere  2.1.3 Mesosphere  2.1.4 Water vapour  2.1.5 Ultra violet  2.1.6 Stratosphere  2.1.7 Temperature inversion  2.1.8 Albedo  (8 x 1) (8) 2.2.1 Mantle  2.2.2 Iron  2.2.3 Humans live on the surface of the earth and grow food in the soil.  2.2.4 Mohorovicic discontinuity/Moho-level  2.2.5 Plates  2.2.6 5 000 ° C  2.2.7 Mantle  (7 x 1) (7) 2.3.1 The gradual warming of the earth’s atmosphere by the addition of greenhouse gasses.  (1 x 1) (1) 2.3.2 Livestock/cattle  (1 x 2) (2) 2.3.3 “warms the world 20 times faster than carbon dioxide”  (1 x 2) (2) 2.3.4 They indirectly cause acid rain,  alien species,  desertification,  dead zones in oceans  poisonous water.  (any one) (1 x 2) (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 6 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking Guideline 2.3.5 Save electricity  Use higher standard of electrical appliences  Carbon tax  Energy tax  Expand transport system  Set carbon emission limits  Set speed limits on roads  Use electric vehicles  Reduce the use of fertilisers  Expand methane extraction  Reduce CFC production (Any four)  (4 x 2) (8) 2.4.1 Alfred Wegener  (1 x 1) (1) 2.4.2 A move away  from one another B move toward  one another (2 x 1) (2) 2.4.3 A Divergent boundary  B Convergent boundary  (2 x 2) (4) 2.4.4 The plates float on the molten mantle  The crust of the earth is broken in several large pieces that constantly move in different directions.  The crust of the earth had broken into seven plates which move around on the molten outer mantle.  The different plates can move away and towards one another on the molten mantle of the earth.  The plates are not fixed and can move because it slides around on the liquid and molten outer mantle of the earth.  (Any two) (2 x 2) (4) 2.4.5 Plant and animal life are similar  Glacial deposits in Brazil and West Africa match  Fossil remains are the same  Rock formations line up on the two continents  (any two) (2 x 2) (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 7 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking Guideline 2.5.1 When changes in the earth’s climate system result in new weather patterns that last for a few decades.  (1 x 1) (1) 2.5.2 Global warming  (1 x 2) (2) 2.5.3 Fish species might die because of the temperature change in the water.  Marine life might become extinct when their habitat changes and they do not have enough food.  The fish will not be able to live in warmer water.  The change of temperature in the marine ecosystem will lead to species to become extinct.  (Any one) (1 x 2) (2) 2.5.4 3 000 years  (1 x 2) (2) 2.5.5 Expanding oceans lead to the rising of sea level which may lead to flooding of coastlines.  Changing of precipitation patterns Change in weather patterns leads to an increase of extreme weather Changes in soil quality and vegetation  Changes in ecosystems and loss in biodiversity.  (any four) (4 x 2) (8) 2.6.1 3 500 people  (1 x 1) (1) 2.6.2 The blanket of ash left thousands of animals without pasture and water.  (1 x 2) (2) 2.6.3 Composite  (1 x 2) (2) 2.6.4 Active – still erupts constantly  Dormant – shows no sign of activity, but can still erupt again.  (1 x 2) (2) 2.6.5 South America and Australia (2 x 2) (4) 2.6.6 A Pipe/central vent  C Dyke  D Sill  E Magma chamber/Batholith  (4 x 1) (4) [75] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 8 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking Guideline QUESTION 3: 3.1.1 Life expectancy  3.1.2 Emigration  3.1.3 Marti culture  3.1.4 Pull factors  3.1.5 Population density  3.1.6 Literacy rate  3.1.7 Depopulation  3.1.8 Population distribution  (8 x 1) (8) 3.2.1 I  3.2.2 J  3.2.3 E  3.2.4 D  3.2.5 C  3.2.6 G  3.2.7 F  (7 x 1) (7) 3.3.1 A bar chart, arranged vertically, that shows the distribution of a population by a category such as age/sex.  (1 x 1) (1) 3.3.2 5 years  (1 x 1) (1) 3.3.3 Concave profile  (1 x 1) (1) 3.3.4 wide  (1 x 2) (2) 3.3.5 Very large young population/ high birth rate  Very few elderly/ High death rate  (2 x 2) (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 9 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking Guideline 3.3.6 A – Dependents/youth  B – Economically active/ adult  C – Dependents/elderly  (3 x 2) (6) 3.4.1 Water demand is outstripping supply.  (1 x 1) (1) 3.4.2 Tugela-Vaal  Orange river project  Berg river scheme  Lesotho highlands water project  uThukela-uMahlatuze Scheme  Mooi-Umgeni scheme  (any two) (2 x 1) (2) 3.4.3 It reduces water for downstream users.  Rotting vegetation in the dams releases greenhouse gasses.  Dam wall blocks fish migration  Disturbs ecosystems  (any two) (2 x 2) (4) 3.4.4 Make sure that research is conducted into alternative water supplies  Encourage recycling of water  Enforce laws that prevent pollution of water sources  Restore wetlands  Remove alien vegetation  Educate people about conservation of water  (any four) (4 x 2) (8) 3.5.1 Decreasing birth rates.  (1 x 1) (1) 3.5.2 The population becomes less.  (1 x 2) (2) 3.5.3 The foreigners immigrating into Norway make up for the low birth rate.  (1 x 2) (2) 3.5.4 A low to negative birth rate A low death rate (any one) (1 x 2) (2) 3.5.5 There will be less people in the economically active age group  The economy might suffer as a result of fewer people in the work force.  (2 x 2) (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 10 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking Guideline 3.5.6 Negative Cultural differences might cause strain.  Xenophobia might be a problem.  Positive Foreigners bring new knowledge with them.  Foreigners might have new skills  (one positive and one negative) (2 x 2) (4) 3.6.1 57 percent  (1 x 1) (1) 3.6.2 57 percent  (1 x 2) (2) 3.6.3 Piped water is safe to drink  Piped water is easy to come by.  Piped water is available most of the time.  People could contract water borne diseases if they drink unimproved water  (2 x 2) (4) 3.6.4 People cloud contract diarrhea  People could get other water borne diseases and could die as a result.  (2 x 2) (4) 3.6.5 Strict regulations and fines for industries that pollute the rivers.  Restricting access to the dams  Making sure that people do not dump rubbish in the water.  Make more money available for research  (any two) (2 x 2) (4) [75] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 11 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking Guideline QUESTION 4: 4.1.1 A  4.1.2 C  4.1.3 B  4.1.4 A  4.1.5 D  4.1.6 C  4.1.7 B  4.1.8 C  (8 x 1) (8) 4.2.1 Evapotranspiration  4.2.2 Condensation 4.2.3 Precipitation 4.2.4 Infiltration 4.2.5 Run off/sheet wash 4.2.6 Groundwater  4.2.7 Evaporation (7 x 1) (7) 4.3.1 A person who moves from one place to another, especially to find work and better living conditions. (1 x 1) (1) 4.3.2 Brain drain is when skilled and educated people leave a country to live elsewhere.  (1 x 1) (1) 4.3.3 When skilled people leave the country, they leave the job market or close their businesses down leading to their unskilled workers being unemployed.  (1 x 1) (1) 4.3.4 Lack of skilled people to educate others; job losses as result of companies closing down.  (1 x 2) (2) 4.3.5 The drop in standard of living  Drop in standard of education  Drop in standard of health services,  The high crime rate  The falling value of the rand.  (any two) (2 x 2) (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 12 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking Guideline 4.3.6 (a) The seasonal movement  of people with their livestock over a short distance to higher pastures in Summer and lower valleys in winter.  (2 x 2) (4) (b) India  Scotland  Switzerland  Greece  Lesotho  (any one) (1 x 2) (2) 4.4.1 Seawater can be processed to remove the salt from it and turn it into fresh water that humans can drink and use.  (1 x 1) (1) 4.4.2 Israel  (1 x 1) (1) 4.4.3 It is very expensive  Uses a lot of electricity  (any one) (1 x 1) (1) 4.4.4 The extreme drought in the Western Cape  (1 x 2) (2) 4.4.5 Reverse osmosis  (1 x 2) (2) 4.4.6 Orange river  (1 x 2) (2) 4.4.7 The demand in Gauteng exceeds the availability.  (1 x 2) (2) 4.4.8 South Africa is a dry country with little rainfall.  South Africa has few perennial rivers  People do not use water sparingly in South Africa  (any two) (2 x 2) (4) 4.5.1 a) Human Immunodeficiency Virus  b) Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome  (2 x 1) (2) 4.5.2 Negatively  (1 x 1) (1) 4.5.3 3,2  (1 x 2) (2) 4.5.4 Swaziland  (1 x 2) (2) 4.5.5 Destabilisation of families  Health facilities struggle to cope with the volume of patients  Insurance companies suffer  Production and labour supply are less  People are more often absent from work.  Economy suffers as result of people being sick/die.  (any four) (4 x 2) (8) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Geography/P1 13 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking Guideline 4.6.1 The amount of fish people are allowed to catch by law.  (1 x 1) (1) 4.6.2 24 percent  (1 x 1) (1) 4.6.3 Fish stocks in the ocean are very low and people who depend on income from fishing will have no income.  (1 x 2) (2) 4.6.4 a) South African Sustainable Seafood Initiative  (1 x 2) (2) b) They have made a pocket size card telling people which fish species have good stock levels.  They educate people about stock levels of fish.  (2 x 2) (4) 4.6.5 a) 15 mm  b) 15h30 to 16h00  c) 100 cumegs  d) 18h00 to 18h30  e) 15h30 to 18h00 = 2 and a half hours  (5 x 1) (5) [75] GRAND TOTAL: 225 Copyright reserved Please turn over