Religion Studies Grade 12 P1 NSC June 2024 Memo (English)

SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATIONS/ NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATIONS RELIGION STUDIES P1 MAY/JUNE 2024 MARKING GUIDELINES MARKS: 150 These marking guidelines consist of 9 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Religion Studies/P1 2 DBE/May/June 2024 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines SECTION A (COMPULSORY) QUESTION 1 1.1 1.1.1 C√ (1) 1.1.2 B√ (1) 1.1.3 A√ (1) 1.1.4 B√ (1) 1.1.5 A√ (1) 1.1.6 D√ (1) 1.1.7 C√ (1) 1.1.8 A√ (1) 1.1.9 B√ (1) 1.1.10 C√ (1) (10) 1.2 1.2.1 Mahayana Buddhism√ (1) 1.2.2 Constantine√ (1) 1.2.3 Exclusivist√ (1) 1.2.4 Judaism√ (1) 1.2.5 Shinto√ (1) 1.2.6 Atheist√ (1) (6) 1.3. 1.3.1 H√ (1) 1.3.2 F√ (1) 1.3.3 G√ (1) 1.3.4 B√ (1) 1.3.5 D√ (1) 1.3.6 C√ (1) (6) 1.4 1.4.1 King√ The other three can reach the mystical dimension or state of altered and peaceful consciousness or mind/The other three are religious figures. √ (2) 1.4.2 Halakhah√ The other three are sacred texts of Hinduism. √ (2) 1.4.3 Brahmo Samaj√ The other three are founders of different religions. √ (2) 1.4.4 Methodist Church√ The other three are examples of the African Independent Churches/ African Initiated Churches. √ (2) 1.4.5 Bahá'i faith√ The other three are Abrahamic religions. √ (2) (5 x 2) (10) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Religion Studies/P1 3 DBE/May/June 2024 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines 1.5 1.5.1 False√ Tripitaka is the sacred source for the Buddhist religion. √ OR A mantra is a short, sacred verse/phrase used repeatedly in prayer or meditation.√ (2) 1.5.2 False√ 'Sutta' in Buddhism refers to the words of the Buddha.√ OR 'Kosher' is that which is permissible in the Jewish religion.√ (2) 1.5.3 False√ For the African Traditional Religion believer, the community consists of three dimensions, namely the living human beings, the living dead and those yet to be born. √ (2) 1.5.4 False√ Tawhid is the basis of all religious knowledge, history, metaphysics, aesthetics and ethics in Islam.√ (2) 1.5.5 False√ Hinduism has a caste system while Buddhism does not. √ (2) (10) 1.6 1.6.1 • She is the founder of Icamagu Spiritual Development Centre. √ • Researcher on African Traditional Religion. √ • Author of many books on African Traditional Religion. √ (2) NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. 1.6.2 • The founder of Taoism. √ • He was born with grey hair. √ • He wrote the Tao Te Ching. √ (2) NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. 1.6.3 • A story stating a general truth. √ • It is a collection of generations of wisdom. √ • Collection of moral sayings and counsels forming a book of (2) canonical Jewish and Christian Scripture. √ • This was as “a book in the Bible/Old Testament. • It was written by King Solomon. NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. 1.6.4 • A spiritual discipline including breath control. √ • Simple meditation and specific body postures. √ • Originated from Hinduism. √ (2) NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. (8) TOTAL SECTION A: 50 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Religion Studies/P1 4 DBE/May/June 2024 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines SECTION B QUESTION 2 2.1 2.1.1 • The ritual of daily prayer done five times in the Islamic religion • One of the five pillars of faith in the Islamic religion • From puberty every Muslim man and woman must pray Saalat. • The Salaat is done in Arabic, and particular movements and postures are adhered to. (4) 2.1.2 • Unity refers to those factors that lead to the sharing of a common identity. • It refers to harmony and concord that exist among religions. • It may also refer to the acknowledgement of common ground among different faith groups. (4) 2.1.3 • Belief that people are expected to accept without any doubts. • It means a principle, tenet or system of beliefs, particularly laid down by a religion's collective religious authority. (4) 2.2 2.2.1 • The communal way of life is central. • Punishment and reward are here and now. • They believe in the concept of Ubuntu. (4) 2.2.2 • They believe that they are the chosen nation for God. • They believe that Jerusalem will be the capital city of the world. • They believe that Israel is their land given by God. (4) 2.3 2.3.1 • Regression is to turn to a previous and less advanced state. • Evolution is a process of development or growth/progression to a higher stage. (4) 2.3.2 • Bodhisattva in Buddhism is someone who is at the service of enlightenment of others, helping them to be free from the cycle of birth and rebirth. • Buddha means 'enlightened one' in Buddhism. (4) 2.3.3 • A descriptive statement is a statement that can be proven true or false by observation. • A normative statement affirms how things should be. (4) 2.4 2.4.1 • It helps members to identify who belongs and who doesn't belong to a particular religion. • It helps members to explain why they have chosen that religion. • It provides believers with reasons for why their religion is best. (4) 2.4.2 • There would be no unity among members. • There is no identity of a religion. (4) • People can be more easily misled. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Religion Studies/P1 5 DBE/May/June 2024 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines 2.5 • Parables are used as a powerful teaching tool. • They provide us with a rich source of wisdom. They contain religious beliefs, ideas, morals and warnings. (6) NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. 2.6 2.6.1 • Western view: Religious tolerance means allowing people to convert from one religion to another. • Freedom to follow a religion of your choice. (2) 2.6.2 • Eastern view: Religious tolerance means allowing people to take what is best from a variety of different sources and apply them at the same time. • Freedom to practise more than one religion. (2) [50] QUESTION 3 3.1 3.1.1 • According to some religions, 'doomsday' refers to the end day of the universe. • It refers to the catastrophic destruction of civilisation. • It refers to Judgement Day. (2) 3.1.2 • Starvation • Strangulation • Suffocation • Blunt force injuries (4) 3.1.3 • Religious people believe in supernatural power. That is why they can easily become victims. • It is difficult to differentiate between religion and cult because both believe in supernatural power. • Most religious communities rely on their religious leaders for their spiritual guidance, so they become vulnerable to cults. (6) NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. 3.1.4 • Cults have some unusual practices that are against morality and ethics. • Religion promotes good morals and has established ethics. It is widely accepted. • A cult involves manipulation, intimidation and isolation. • A religion’s teachings are open to discussion and interpretation. • Cults often comprise bizarre, pagan rituals. • Religious rituals are based on sound religious teachings. NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. (4) 3.1.5 • They want wealth. • They want fame. • They are not faithful servants of the living God. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Religion Studies/P1 6 DBE/May/June 2024 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines • They are competing with each other. NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. (8) 3.1.6 • People who read this article will not believe in the supernatural power of God. • People will be discouraged to go to church. • They will be warier of deviant leaders. • Pastors will lose power, respect and dignity in the community. • The young generation will not want to associate themselves with religion. • People will become more critical. (10) NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. 3.1.7 YES • They sacrificed their lives to see Jesus. • They followed every instruction from their pastor for the sake of Jesus. • They believed that their pastor was a true servant of Christ. • They endured much suffering for the sake of their religion. (8) 3.2 • It prevents people from being independent thinkers. • People can become atheists because of the influence of biased reporting. • Journalists' reporting simply mirrors their own prejudices. • Journalists often do not possess specialist knowledge of religions, and therefore often misinterpret information. • The media thrives on sensationalism. It will therefore publish mainly negative reports about religion. (8) NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. [50] QUESTION 4 4.1 4.1.1 • Africa (2) 4.1.2 • Sufi groups • Al-Shabaab (4) 4.1.3 • Singing • Dancing • Meditation (6) 4.1.4 • It is an intra-religious conflict because both Sufis and Al- Shabaab are Muslim. • It is an inter-religious conflict because Al-Shabaab destroyed churches. (4) 4.1.5 • The Al-Shabaab destroyed their shrines. • Sufi sites and ancient graves were demolished. • Sufi scholars felt discriminated against and engulfed in what they perceived as a religious identity conflict. (6) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Religion Studies/P1 7 DBE/May/June 2024 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines 4.1.6 • There must be disarmament of all warring factions. • They should form a government of national unity, which must include all factions of the society. • They should establish a truth and reconciliation commission, so that past atrocities may be brought to light. • Those who confess their political/religious crimes should be given amnesty. • The state must adopt a secular approach and must protect all religious groups equally. • An independent judiciary must be established. • A religious leaders' forum must be established so that all (10) religions can interact with the government. NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. 4.2 • They must facilitate negotiations between the factions. • They must work with humanitarian organisations. • They must use their places of worship as shelters for refugees. • Religious leaders can call an interreligious summit to discuss the conflict. The dialogue should lead to practical steps that can be taken on both sides. • Religious leaders are still respected and can act as mediators between conflicting parties. • Religious organisations can use their religious conviction about peace in the world and the sacredness of life, to lead and model peaceful behaviour. • They can mobilise people to pray for and support the affected people. (8) NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. 4.3 EXAMPLE 1: BUDDHISM • Buddhist teachings are against any form of conflict. • Buddhism teaches that aggrieved parties must strive to overcome the roots of their suffering from within. • Engaging in conflict is against Buddhist teachings of acceptance, compassion, non-aggression, etc. • Conflict is against living an honest, kind and conscientious life in Buddhism. • The six principles of Buddhism are to create love and respect, strive for cohesion, non-dispute, concord and unity. • Buddhism's golden rule is: choose your friends wisely, and treat the people with whom you come into contact with compassion and sensitivity to their situation. This will reduce the chances of conflict. EXAMPLE 2: BAHÁ'I • Universal peace is assured by Bahá'u'lláh as a fundamental accomplishment of the religion of God. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Religion Studies/P1 8 DBE/May/June 2024 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines • The Bahá'i believe in the unity of the Creator and the unity of humanity. • They also believe that the Earth is one country for all humanity to live in harmony. • Bahá'u'lláh says, 'Do not quarrel with anybody, and shun every form of dispute.' • 'If any differences arise amongst you, behold Me standing before your face, and overlooking the faults of one another for My name's sake and as a token of your love for My manifest.' • This means that as God overlooks our faults through His love for us, we must forgive those who trespass against us. NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. (10) [50] QUESTION 5 5.1 5.1.1 • Human Rights Watch • Human Rights Institute at San Jose State University. (4) 5.1.2 • Ghazni province (2) 5.1.3 • Afghanistan is now an Islamic state. • They want to get rid of western ideology and philosophy in Afghanistan. (4) 5.1.4 • Males and females have separate facilities. There is no intermingling of males and females. (2) NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. 5.1.5 Advantages • Men and women filling the same occupation within firms are assigned the same specific job. • There is less likelihood of extra-marital affairs. • Work ethics will improve, as there is less distraction. Disadvantages • Gender segregation reinforces sexual stereotypes. • Negative stereotypes may thus be reinforced. (4) NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. 5.1.6 • They have no access to secondary and higher education. • They must follow religious curricula. • Their dress code is strictly enforced. • There are strict travel regulations on women. (6) NOTE: ANY THREE of the above must be credited. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Religion Studies/P1 9 DBE/May/June 2024 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines 5.1.7 NO • The report is based on findings of two independent organisations. • The report is based on actual facts. YES • It is anti-Taliban, who defeated the US army. • Researchers were using Western ideology to judge Islamic values. NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. (4) 5.2 • During the opening of Parliament, different religions share the same platform when praying. • Different religions are co-existing and everyone is free to worship anywhere regardless of race, colour or language. • There is freedom of religious observance and conscience in public schools. • Religion studies as a subject covers different religious traditions, instead of a single faith instruction. • Religious dressing is allowed on special religious holidays. NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. (10) 5.3 • Morals are personal values of right or wrong that runs in your being. • Ethics are standards of good or bad accepted in a certain community or profession. 5.4 EXAMPLE 1: HINDUISM • The virtue of non-harming (ahimsa) is the key virtue in Hindu ethic. • Hindus view ahimsa as non-violence, honest compassion and true love. • Other important ethical principles are non-attachment (vairagya) and truthfulness. • Sotya, truth and non-falsehood, is an important teaching in Hindus. • Asteya, non-stealing, is highly recommended. EXAMPLE 2: JUDAISM • Loving kindness is the core ethical virtue in Judaism. • Moral laws and ethics are derived from the Ten Commandments. • Moral principles include justice, healing the world, charity and kindness to others. • Taking care of widows and orphans is key in Jewish communities. • In Judaism, hospitality is the core value. (10) NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited. Three x2 marks are awarded for the naming of THREE relevant teachings. The remaining four marks are awarded for discussion of any two teachings. [50] TOTAL SECTION B: 100 GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved