Information Technology P2 Nov 2022 MG Eng_hlayiso.com_.pdf

Downloaded from hlayiso.com NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY P2 NOVEMBER 2022 MARKING GUIDELINES MARKS: 150 These marking guidelines consist of 14 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 2 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Memorandum SECTION A: SHORT QUESTIONS QUESTION 1 1.1 1.1.1 C (1) 1.1.2 B (1) 1.1.3 C (1) 1.1.4 A (1) 1.1.5 C/D  (1) 1.2 1.2.1 H  (Transaction) (1) 1.2.2 K  (Array) (1) 1.2.3 J  (Backdoor) (1) 1.2.4 I/R  (JavaScript/Python) (1) 1.2.5 A  (Copyright) (1) 1.2.6 O  (Synchronising) (1) 1.2.7 E  (Driver) (1) 1.2.8 B  (User Rights) (1) 1.2.9 D  (Artificial Intelligence) (1) 1.2.10 C  (Scalability) (1) TOTAL SECTION A: 15 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 3 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Memorandum SECTION B: SYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES QUESTION 2 2.1 2.1.1 (a) DIMM -slots (1) (b) Bytes / MB / GB  (1) 2.1.2 Any TWO GPU hardware specifications:   Speed/number of cores/type of processor  Speed/size/type of RAM  Slot type of the GPU (2) 2.1.3 (a) ZIF -socket (1) (b) Reasons for point-to-point connection:  CPU need to transfer large amounts of data/higher workload to and from RAM   Point-to-point connection is dedicated  for single component OR bus is shared amongst many components (2) 2.2 2.2.1 Software that manages/controls  all the activities of a computer system. (1) 2.2.2 Any TWO functions of an operating system:   Provides a user interface  Manages processes and tasks  Manages memory  Manages input and output/peripherals/hardware and software  Manages storage  Manages security (2) 2.3 2.3.1 Virtual memory  (1) 2.3.2 How virtual memory works: When more applications are opened the system runs out of available RAM.  Processes not actively being used are moved to virtual memory (special storage)  to open up space in RAM for other applications. (2) 2.4 2.4.1 A software bug is an error  in software. (1) 2.4.2 Any ONE example of how the software bug could be revealed:   Incorrect/inaccurate calculated values  System crash/run-time error  System malfunction (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 4 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Memorandum 2.5 Any ONE way to prevent unauthorised access to software:   Use passwords/access control  Install anti-malware/anti-spyware  Setup a Firewall  Physically restricting access (locking up, etc.) (1) 2.6 2.6.1 Any TWO limitations related to mobile devices compared to PC:   Small Screen  Small keyboard  Limited processing power  Limited storage  Limited mobile OS  Mobile devices are not expandable/upgradeable (2) 2.6.2 Convergence  (1) 2.7 2.7.1 They both convert programs into machine code.  (1) 2.7.2 Any TWO reasons why a compiler would be a better choice than an interpreter:   A compiler compiles the whole program at once, whilst the interpreter does it one line at a time.  A compiler provides a list of errors whilst the interpreter stops at the first error.  A compiled program does not need the compiler to execute, whist the interpreter is needed to run (creates an executable file). (2) 2.8 2.8.1 Any ONE reason to clean up/arrange items on a desktop computer:   Easy to locate programs  Better organisation  Avoid clutter  Increase storage space/remove unnecessary files (1) 2.8.2 For the operating system to select the correct application  to open the file with.  Also accept: For the operating system to identify the type of file (1) to be able to view the file. (1) (2) TOTAL SECTION B: 25 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 5 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Memorandum SECTION C: COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES QUESTION 3 3.1 3.1.1 (a) UTP/Ethernet cables  Also accept: Fibre (1) (b) Any ONE:   Radio waves  Wi-Fi  Microwaves (1) 3.1.2 Any TWO advantages of installing a wireless network:   Mobility  No cables used  Cost saving  Easy to setup/connect (2) 3.1.3 Any ONE function when no internet access on a network:   Transfer files/Communication between computers  Sharing of files/applications/software resources  Share hardware/mention a specific hardware device (1) 3.2 3.2.1 Any TWO reasons why peer-to-peer is less suitable:  Less secure in terms of managing access to resources  Difficult to manage a large number of computers  Does not provide centralised storage/services  More prone to spread of malware (2) 3.2.2 BitTorrent  (1) 3.2.3 Any ONE role of server:   A server provides resources (software, storage, etc.)  Serves as a log-on controller  Manages security settings on network (1) 3.2.4 When a switch fails, all the computers connected to the switch will not be able to access the network  (single point of failure). (1) 3.3 3.3.1 (a) HTTP is the protocol that defines how web pages, and their content are transferred across the Web.  (1) (b) HTTPS provides for secure/encrypted transfer of web content.  (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 6 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Memorandum 3.3.2 Encoding of data: To change the format of data  for transmission over different mediums.  (2) 3.4 3.4.1 A website is a collection of related webpages.  (1) 3.4.2 (a) To ensure high ranking in search results/increase the amount of traffic on a website  by changing the design of webpages. (1) (b) Adding specific keywords/phrases  that relates to the way in which search engines does content search. (1) 3.5 CSS separates the formatting of the HTML and gathers all of it in one place, in a .css file.  When you want to make a change in the formatting of your website, you only change the CSS file and all the web pages get updated.  Concepts:  Formatting is placed in a single .css file/style sheet  Formatting is applied to all web page (2) 3.6 3.6.1 Any TWO Hotspot risks:   Network might not be secured/encrypted  Exposure to hacking  Possible risk of malware spread  Shoulder surfing  Signal/hotspot spoofing (2) 3.6.2 A VPN creates an encrypted connection  to a private network over a public network/Internet  to gain access with the same security as a direct local connection.  Concepts:  Communication is encrypted  Connecting to a private network over a public network/internet  Same security as a local connection/secure connection (3) 3.7 3.7.1 The company will have information on the website that stays the same over time/no need to be regularly updated.  (1) 3.7.2 Any TWO advantages for the users of dynamic web pages:   They can receive relevant/customised versions of webpages  Webpage will allow interaction with users  Content is more likely to be up to date  Users can now also be contributors of content (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 7 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Memorandum 3.7.3 (a) A set of data that describes and gives additional information on other data.  (1) (b) A search will take place using the metadata of the relevant content on the internet and will relate it to the user’s contextual information  to present a search result uniquely suited to the user.   Concepts:  The metadata is matched to users’ search request/query  Providing the user with tailored/suitable results (2) TOTAL SECTION C: 30 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 8 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Memorandum SECTION D: DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT QUESTION 4 4.1 4.1.1 Any ONE example of invisible data captured:   Purchasing habits/preferences  Shopping hour preferences  Gender/family composition  Whether the person has pets OR any other valid example (1) 4.1.2 Any ONE reason why a company wants to capture invisible data:   To predict/plan other products to stock  Anticipate the needs of the clients  Target marketing OR any other valid example (1) 4.1.3 Any TWO mechanisms of invisible data capturing:   Forms - completing forms  E-toll - passing through E-toll gates  Cell phone logging  Online activities – Web searches, online purchases, etc.  GPS navigation - Using Google Maps, etc.  Security camera footage – Biometrics, etc.  Background voice capturing by devices  Access control system – Entering a premises/site  Smart devices/IoT  RFID (2) 4.2 4.2.1 Any TWO ways of ensuring the validity of captured data:   Format check  Data type check  Range check  Presence check  Check digit  Uniqueness check (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 9 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Memorandum 4.2.2 A unique value, a primary key, will be allocated to each customer.   OR Any correct example of a unique field related to the customer. (1) 4.3 4.3.1 (a) Data redundancy  (1) (b) An update anomaly occurs when a record cannot be changed at a single entry  but has to be changed at multiple entries.  (2) 4.3.2 (a) One-to-One  (1) (b) One-to-Many  (1) 4.4 4.4.1 Composite/Compound  (1) 4.4.2 CollectionNumber  OR any other suitable new field Also accept: Autonumber field (1) 4.4.3 Short Text  (1) 4.4.4 The data contained in the field of a foreign key must already exist as an entry in the table where the field is the primary key.  OR No record in the secondary/many table may refer/link to a record in the primary/one table that does not exist. (1) 4.4.5 (a) True  (1) (b) False  (1) (c) False  (1) (d) False  (1) TOTAL SECTION D: 20 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 10 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Memorandum SECTION D: SOLUTION DEVELOPMENT QUESTION 5 5.1 5.1.1 Any ONE reason for the use of modular programming:   Avoids repetition of code  Methods can be called and used easily in more than one class  Enhances readability  Easier to debug  Collaboration between programmers (1) 5.1.2 Any ONE difference between a procedure and a function:   Procedure does not necessarily return a value, whilst a function must return a value.   A function has a data type associated with the function name, that acts as a variable for the return value, whilst a procedure does not have that.  A procedure is an independent call, whilst a function must form part of another statement. (1) 5.2. 5.2.1 Valid  (1) 5.2.2 Valid  (1) 5.3 5.3.1 Defensive programming uses code to avoid/handle errors  that will prevent the normal execution of a program.  (2) 5.3.2 (a) Any ONE possible reason for an overflow error:   When a value to be stored in a variable is outside the range of the data type/ or is too large  Endless loop (1) (b) Any ONE of the following to prevent a runtime error:   Data validation  Exception handling techniques  Any example of defensive programming e.g. testing for division by zero (1) 5.4 5.4.1 Instantiate/Create/Initialise an object  (1) 5.4.2 getCompanyName  (1) 5.4.3 (a) CompanyNum  (1) (b) The company number uniquely identifies the company  and should not be changed. (1) ALSO ACCEPT - CompanyName in (a) with correct motivation in (b) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 11 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Memorandum 5.4.4 (a) Some of the attributes are declared public/attributes should be private.  OR Indicating specific examples (+ ContactNumber + NumberOfEmployees) (1) (b) Declaring an attribute public it is directly accessible from outside the class  which could have unintended/unforeseen effects.  (2) 5.5 5.5.1 Number of repetitions are not known in advance.  (1) 5.5.2 iNumber := RandomRange(1,11); While (iNumber = 5) OR (iNumber = 8) do iNumber := RandomRange(1,11); (4) TOTAL SECTION D: 20 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 12 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Memorandum SECTION F: INTEGRATED SCENARIO QUESTION 6 6.1 6.1.1 Electronic waste refers to electronic devices or items related to electronics that are obsolete/no longer needed.  (1) 6.1.2 Contains toxic/harmful materials  (1) 6.1.3 Any TWO ways to reduce electronic waste:   Keep old devices/replace only if necessary  Extend the life of your electronics. Buy a case, keep your device clean, and avoid overcharging the battery.  Donate/sell used electronics  Recycle electronics and batteries  Refill toner cartridges (2) 6.1.4 The drive must be formatted/cleared/factory reset (or any way to permanently destroy access to data)  so any personal information cannot be accessed/retrieved by others. (1) 6.2.1 (a) With POP your emails are downloaded to your device  and deleted from the server (unless you change the default settings). With IMAP, emails 'reside' on the server , and you can easily read and interact with emails from multiple devices. (2) (b) Any ONE negative effect of spam:   Spam clogs the Internet/generates unnecessary traffic (impacts speed)  It impacts employee productivity/employees must sift through ‘junk mail’ to find what they really want  Spam could contain malware that infects devices (1) (c) Any TWO possible ways how to identify fake news:   Consider the source of the news  Check the references of the author  Apply common sense (recognise unrealistic news) Cross-referencing the content with:  Reputable news sites  The citations and references given  Fact-checking websites  Experts in the field (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 13 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Memorandum 6.2.2 (a) The file should be uploaded to cloud storage/service  and shared. OR Any valid example of cloud storage/service that allows this e.g. Google drive, OneDrive, WeTransfer, TeamViewer, etc. / FTP (1) (b) Any ONE risk of sending the attachment via cloud:   Limited storage available on free versions of services  The service might not have good security practices  The service might not have good backup policies  The service might 'oversell' their services (1) (c) An online storage location for the sharing / downloading / streaming of files.  (1) (d) The cloud/files can be accessed from anywhere and at any time.  (1) 6.3 6.3.1 (a) It is software that appears to be useful/innocent, that is then installed  and then allows an attacker to remotely control the infected computer. (1) (b) Any TWO ways in which a computer could be infected with Trojan malware:   Open an infected attachment in email  Download/installing a Trojan file  Download/installing a Trojan file from a malicious site  Reacting on spoofed chat messages  Opening/Installing a Trojan file from an infected removable storage device (2) 6.3.2 Any TWO reasons why websites are often hacked:   Steal users’ personal information (email addresses, passwords, credit card information) for identity theft  Deface the website or place political messages on the website  Reroute traffic from the website to a phishing website (2) 6.4 6.4.1 A distributed database is where a database is spread/stored  across servers in separate locations.  (2) 6.4.2 Duplication is when every separate site has a copy of the entire/complete database.  Partitioning is when each site manages/stores only its own data that it works with.  (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 14 DBE/November 2022 NSC – Memorandum 6.4.3 When data is duplicated, each site works with its own copy of the data and data sets will start to differ over time.  Synchronisation will ensure that changes are replicated  over all data sets to prevent problems. (2) 6.5 6.5.1 Decision Support System / DSS  (1) 6.5.2 Human expertise is coded into software  to create a rule-based system that can make decisions based on the input obtained  from a system such as mentioned in Question 6.5.1. (2) 6.6 6.6.1 Software that is available with access to the source code,  which can be modified and adapted by a user. (1) 6.6.2 Any ONE type of file that the disk clean-up program will remove:   Temporary/redundant files  Cached webpages (1) 6.6.3 (a) The gap between those who have access to computers and the internet, and those who do not.  (1) (b) Any TWO factors that contribute to the digital divide:   Lack of financial resources to acquire technology  Difference in educational levels  The age gaps  Disabilities  Lack of supporting infrastructure  Fear of ICT (2) 6.7 6.7.1 RPA - Used for repetitive, rule-based processes using robotics.  Hyper-automation – AI decides on the best strategy  for tasks. (2) 6.7.2 Any TWO concepts to be covered in discussion:   Robots can replace workers  Robots can improve worker productivity  Robots can do task that requires strength and good health  Robots can take over dangerous tasks (2) 6.8 6.8.1 Virtual reality replaces reality  with software. Augmented reality enhances reality  by adding onto the real-world experience using software. Also accept examples of each. (2) 6.8.2 Mixed reality super-imposes computer-generated objects that users can interact with.  (1) TOTAL SECTION F: 40 GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved