Religion Studies Grade 12 P1 Eastern Cape Prelim 2024 Memo

Downloaded from hlayiso.com NATIONAL SENIOR CERTICATE GRADE 12 SEPTEMBER 2024 RELIGION STUDIES P1 MARKING GUIDELINE MARKS: 150 This marking guideline consist of 13 pages. Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 2 RELIGION STUDIES P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) SECTION A QUESTION 1 1.1 1.1.1 B – a state of perfect happiness (1) 1.1.2 B – teaching with absolute authority (1) 1.1.3 B – Baha’u’llah (1) 1.1.4 B – The Path of the Universe (1) 1.1.5 C – the belief in or worship of one God (1) 1.1.6 C – Hinduism (1) 1.1.7 B – Iran (1) 1.1.8 A – a collection of teachings of the Prophet Muhammad (1) 1.1.9 B – Indigenous (1) 1.1.10 A – the Eucharist (1) 1.2 1.2.1 Reincarnation (2) 1.2.2 Yoga (2) 1.2.3 Universal (2) 1.2.4 Yang (2) 1.2.5 Judaism, African Traditional Religion and Hinduism (Any ONE) (2) 1.3 1.3.1 False. Ancestors are venerated in African Traditional Religion (2) 1.3.2 True (2) 1.3.3 False. Kosher is that which is permissible to eat in Judaism. (2) 1.3.4 False. Hinduism does have a caste system. Islam does not. (2) 1.3.5 False. Dharma is the way of higher truths of the Buddhist religion. (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) RELIGION STUDIES P1 3 1.4 1.4.1 D – Polytheism (2) 1.4.2 E – Taoism (2) 1.4.3 A – Tripitaka (2) 1.4.4 B – Ancestors (2) 1.4.5 C – Crusades (2) 1.5 1.5.1 Comparability • It refers to comparison that can be drawn between faith groups or religious institutions (e.g. denomination). • This does not mean things are the same. NOTE: Any relevant answer should be credited. (2) 1.5.2 Similarity • Being alike • Having a resemblance with a specific religion. • Two or more things can be similar. • Of the same kind, with the same nature, with the same form. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (2) 1.5.3 Identity • Identity means individuality. • It means the religion has individuality or a certain personality. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (2) 1.6 Karma • Karma is the belief that every action has a consequence (a result), which is either good or bad. • This consequence will be experienced either in this life or in future life. • So, a person’s present life is the result of what happened in their previous life. Ubuntu • Ubuntu is an African word that means respect. • Ubuntu means caring for the well-being of others. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (4) TOTAL SECTION A: 50 Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 4 RELIGION STUDIES P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) SECTION B QUESTION 2 2.1 2.1.1 Belief • This refers to what the adherents claim to be true. • They are what forms the foundation that brings people together for a common cause and help to create a shared identity. • Beliefs mean a firm conviction, for example according to the Jewish faith, there is only one God called YAHWEH. NOTE: Any relevant answer should be credited. (4) 2.1.2 Myths • Often contains historical and metaphorical material. • The word myth comes from the Greek word ‘mythos’ which means word or fable. • Myths reveal the deepest truths about creation, life and death. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (4) 2.1.3 Allegory • Allegory is a lot like a parable. • It is a story that is being told to illustrate a principle. • An allegory can be much longer than a parable. • It is not restricted to making only one point. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (4) 2.2 2.2.1 Differentiate between punishment and reward in African Traditional Religion. • The belief in ancestors shows that the soul is immortal and that there is life after death. • Life after death does not involve reward or punishment. • These are believed to take place in here and now while people live. • Doing well is rewarded in this world by the ancestors who are believed to be the mouthpiece of the creator. • Disturbing the harmony either by disrespect, doing evil things to God’s creation or ignoring one’s duty is considered wrong. • Misfortune or sickness is a result of punishment by ancestors. • A ritual of appeasement is performed. • Culprits publicly announce their repentance and ask for forgiveness. • The culprits are forgiven and healed after they apologise for what they have done. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (8) Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) RELIGION STUDIES P1 5 2.2.2 Describe THREE factors that shape the religious identity of people. • The religious identity of a person is formed by certain rituals. • Religious identity is also formed by religious symbols. • Clothing also forms religious identity. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (6) 2.3 State any TWO unique features of each of the following religions: 2.3.1 African Traditional Religion • ATR does not have a sacred text. • Teachings and rituals have been passed down from one generation to another through the spoken word. • There is no special day of worship. • Communication with the ancestors through the ritual of animal sacrifices is a unique feature of African Traditional Religion. • Ancestors have the power to bring about illness or misfortune, good luck and health. • When people die, it is believed they join the spirit world. • The sharing of a communal meal so that the living can communicate with the ancestors is very important. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (4) 2.3.2 Judaism • Jews believe that they have a covenant with God. • God is perceived as a Father-like figure who is both their Creator and Protector. • God is holy and that it is forbidden to even call His name. • They lay more emphasis on the correct way of life, rather than faith or belief. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (4) 2.3.3 Islam • The Muslims believe that there is only one God, called Allah. • They believe that Allah sent various prophets, but the final messenger is Prophet Mohammad. • Their primary sources are the Qur’an and the Hadith. • They believe in the final judgement when mankind will be judged. They believe that Qur’an was revealed in the Arabic language. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 6 RELIGION STUDIES P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) 2.3.4 Christianity • Christians believe in the Lord Jesus Christ as the Son of the living God. • They believe that God has sent his Son to die for the sins of the world. • They believe that God took the human form of Jesus Christ. • They believe in the Trinity – The Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. • They believe that Jesus is the only way to God. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (4) 2.4 Common features that exist between Hinduism and Buddhism • They both believe in reincarnation (‘samsara’) • They both have sacred texts • They both perform rituals • They observe special holy days • They both originated in India NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (8) [50] Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) RELIGION STUDIES P1 7 QUESTION 3 3.1 3.1.1 Briefly explain the concept of religious freedom. • Religious freedom means that all people must be free to exercise their religious beliefs. • The concept religious freedom means that people cannot be forced to convert to another religion. • Religious freedom implies that everyone everywhere has the freedom of choice to believe what they wish to believe about God. • In South Africa, people enjoy religious freedom, and the Constitution prohibits unfair discrimination. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (4) 3.1.2 Define the concept religious tolerance. • Religious tolerance means understanding and respecting religious beliefs and practices other than your own. • The willingness to tolerate the opinions or behaviours that one dislikes or disagrees with. • Religious tolerance is where people allow other people to think or practice other religions and beliefs. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (6) 3.1.3 Do you think religious freedom was protected in South Africa before 1994? Give reasons for your answer. • Religious freedom was not protected during the apartheid era. • During the apartheid era only, Christianity was recognised as a state religion. • Christianity was the dominant religion. • Christian National Education was the state’s education policy. • Biblical Studies, in high schools, and Biblical Teachings in primary schools were offered. • There was no religious freedom on the law books. • In democratic South Africa, all religions are given equal status. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (10) 3.1.4 Name the violations of human rights that occurred in Palestine. • Unlawful or arbitrary killings of Palestinians in Israel and the occupied territories. • Restrictions on Palestinians residing in Jerusalem. • Restrictions in terms of privacy. • Restrictions in family and home. • Substantial interference with freedom of peaceful assembly and of freedom of association. • Threats of violence, against Palestinians. • There is racial discrimination. • There are no labour rights. NOTE: Any relevant answer should be credited. (10) Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 8 RELIGION STUDIES P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) 3.2 3.2.1 Discuss ONE example of how the use of social media could lead to inter religious conflict. • In 2012, a short movie called Innocence of Muslims was aired on YouTube. • This was an attack on the character of Prophet Muhammad. • It resulted in violent protests in many Muslim countries. • Initially it was reported that the movie was made and funded by Jews in the USA. • It was later found that it was in fact made by a Coptic Christian, living in the USA. • It was funded by a Christian company called, ‘Media for Christ’ • This film led to a heightening of tensions between Christians and Muslims. • Media should remain sensitive, impartial and objective. NOTE: Any relevant answer should be credited. (6) 3.2.2 State FOUR strategies to prevent abuse of social media. • Social media companies should have a zero-tolerance policy regarding religious insults. • There should be severe sanctions against account holders who misuse the media, (i.e., report these accounts to the authorities and freeze these accounts). • Religious organisations should form partnerships with social media companies and closely monitor posts that can be taken as inflammatory. • Anonymous posts which insult any religion should be barred. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (8) 3.2.3 State THREE strategies that the media uses to influence our opinions. • Publishers/Editors exclusively determine which events are newsworthy. • They also determine how much prominence an event is given. • The media avoid antagonising their sponsors/advertisers, as this can reduce their profits. • The media use sensationalism, as it drives sales. • Therefore, controversial issues get more coverage than successful events. • Large media companies own several media outlets. All these outlets will report the very same opinion. • To the unwitting reader, it would seem that different editors all concur on an issue, but in fact it is the opinion of only one media house. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (6) [50] Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) RELIGION STUDIES P1 9 QUESTION 4 4.1 4.1.1 Name any country in Africa where there is possibly religious armed conflict. • Sudan NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (2) 4.1.2 Explain the reasons why the African Union was formed. • It was formed to help secure Africa’s democracy. • It was formed to establish human rights. • Their goal was the development of a sustainable economy. • Especially by bringing an end to intra-African conflict. • The African Union wanted to create an effective common market. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be accepted. (10) 4.1.3 What are the reasons for the conflict in QUESTION 4.1.1? • Fault lines in Darfur society can be traced back well over 100 years. • The divisions in this country are ethnic / tribal and cultural. • It appears as if religion is not a radical source of division. • Most people of Darfur are Sunni Muslim, as is the government of Khartoum. • There are also Christians and animists. • Nomads and farmers have tried for centuries to co-exist, but when food became scarce, competition for the scarce resources led to conflict. • The Sudanese government wanted to enforce Sharia laws on the country. • The conflict was also economic. • The government wanted control over the rich Heglig oilfields. • Even after South Sudan became independent from Khartoum in 2011, the armed conflict continued in that region. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (8) 4.1.4 Critically analyse the role of religion in the conflict. • Religion seems to play a very small role in the conflict; hence it is not a religious conflict. • No effort was made by one religion to convert others to their religion. • The enforcement of the Sharia laws is, thus, not the cause of the conflict. • The civil war in the country has started as far back as 1955. • There are many sub divisions (economic, cultural, tribal) that persisted after the establishment of South Sudan. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (8) Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10 RELIGION STUDIES P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) 4.1.5 What can religious organisations do to bring about political peace? • Religious aid organisations are vital in providing practical support to the conflict areas. • There are religious organisations such as the Islamic Relief Agency and the Catholic Agency for Overseas Development. • The supply of building materials and medical assistance. • Religious aid organisations also provide food. • They train local communities on life skills, which assist the people to cope with challenges that come with violent conflict. • While religious organisations may be against conflicts, they are not able to stop them. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (10) 4.2 Explain the terms below in the context of religion 4.2.1 Ideology • Has to do with the prevailing, overarching worldviews that shape meaning and overall patterns of existence. • They are enforced by those dominant groups who hold power. • A set of principles about how a society should be ordered. • Ideologies are also always contested. • Hence the variety of ideologies in the world. • They are the broadest category used to describe what adherents of a religion believe. • Examples are communism and Marxism. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (4) 4.2.2 Doctrine • Refers more to the role of intellectuals in religious communities in finding and organising religious beliefs into coherent philosophical patterns. • A set of religious teachings/principles or beliefs. • There is a sense of argument and negotiation as doctrines are constructed in relation to philosophical worldview. • Doctrines are often contested in relation to the Greek philosophy of the time. • The doctrine of Christ as both God and man developed in relation to the Greek understanding of nature and essence. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (4) 4.2.3 Parable • A parable is a story that has deeper meaning than the obvious surface one. • Is a story which demonstrates a moral principle. • Parables are set within a culture and social environment of the people who produce them. • Parable is easily passed on from one person to another. NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited. (4) [50] Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) RELIGION STUDIES P1 11 QUESTION 5 5.1 Explain the following concepts in the context of religion: 5.1.1 Syncretism • Two belief systems that are combined to form a new one. • The practices, beliefs and thought patterns of different traditions are accommodated and adapted or mixed. • An example is Sikhism, which is a combination of Islam and Hinduism. NOTE: Any relevant answer should be credited. (2) 5.1.2 Pluralism • All religions are paths toward the truth. • They are fully equally true. NOTE: Any relevant answer should be credited. (2) 5.1.3 Inclusivism • According to this view, the adherent believes that other religions are valid, but the full truth can be only be found in his or her religion. NOTE: Any relevant answer should be credited. (2) 5.1.4 Exclusivism • This is where an adherent believes that only their view on divinity is true. • Other religions are false. NOTE: Any relevant answer should be credited. (2) 5.1.5 Differentiate between inter-religious and intra-religious conflict. • Inter-religious conflict takes place when two different religious groups are in conflict, for example Islam and Christianity • Intra religious conflict occurs when two groups of the same religion are in conflict. for example Catholic and Protestants (Christianity), or Shia and Sunni (Muslim). NOTE: Any relevant answer should be credited. (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 12 RELIGION STUDIES P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) 5.2 5.2.1 Discuss the development of African Initiated churches in South Africa. • African people were not happy to belong to European-controlled churches. • African church leaders and preachers wanted their own churches controlled entirely by Africans. • From about the end of 19th century, ‘black churches began to be formed. • They were organised and led by black people. • This is why they were called African Independence churches (AIC). • Their beliefs and structures were very similar to those of the white mission churches. • Their influence had much to do with the development of different churches like the Zionist or Apostolic churches. • They concentrated on spiritual and physical healing, and included aspects of African Traditional Religion’s beliefs and practices. • At present, there are more people belonging to these churches than to any other Christian denomination in South Africa. • The following are Zion Christian Churches, Bandla lama Nazareth, Ethiopian type churches, other African independent churches. • These churches and are sometimes called African Indigenous churches. NOTE: Any other relevant answer must be credited. (10) 5.2.2 Explain the common beliefs shared by the Abrahamic religions • They believe in one God (monotheistic). • They share many prophets – Abraham, Isaac, Moses, et cetera. • They believe in Judgement Day. • They believe in life after death. • They believe in existence of angels. • They belief in the existence of Satan. NOTE: Any other relevant answer should be credited. (10) 5.2.3 Discuss the concept teaching in the context of religion. • Teaching means to teach. • It means to give information. • It also means to impart knowledge in order to reinforce belief in a specific religion. • In religion specifically, to teach means to give systematic information about a subject or aspects of religion. • Teaching is a normative explanation of something. • A teaching plays different roles in different religions. NOTE: Any other relevant answer should be credited. (10) Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) RELIGION STUDIES P1 13 5.3 Discuss the role of interfaith co-operation in terms of the following 5.3.1 HIV and Aids • AIDS patients are cared for. • The HIV/Aids helpline has been established with the cooperation of different religions. • The leaders of different religions participate meaningfully in the care of HIV and Aids patients. • Payers are also conducted without discriminating against any HIV and Aids patients. NOTE: Any other relevant answer must be credited. (4) 5.3.2 Anti-gender-based violence (GBV) • Religious leaders must be trained in order to train their followers to respond adequately to gender-based-violence. • Advocate for the enactment and enforcement of laws to protect community members. • Create multi-religious centres where people can receive help or legal assistance. • Religious leaders can arrange marches to parliament to protest against gender-based-violence (GBV). NOTE: Any other relevant answer should be credited. (4) [50] TOTAL SECTIONB: 100 GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.