History Grade 12 Paper 2 Eastern Cape Prelim 2024 Addendum

Downloaded from hlayiso.com NATIONAL SENIOR SERTIFICATE IBANGA 12 SEPTEMBA 2024 ISIFUNDO SEZEMBALI P2 ISIHLOMELO Esi sihlomelo sinamaphepha ali-14. Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 2 ISIFUNDO SEZEMBALI P2 (ISIHLOMELO) (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) UMBUZO 1: ICONGRESS OF SOUTH AFRICAN STUDENTS (COSAS) YAMCHASA NJANI URHULUMENTE WOCALUCALULO NGEMINYAKA YEE1980 ? UMTHOMBO 1A Lo mthombo ungezantsi ugxile kwiinjongo zokusekwa kwe Congress of South African Students (iCOSAS) kwinkomfa eyayibanjwe ukusuka ngomhla wama30 kuJuni ukuya kowoku 1Julayi eWilgespruit, kufutshane neRoodepoort ngo1979. ICongress of South African Students (COSAS) yazinikela ekwaziseni amalungu ayo ngembali nomzabalazo ‘wabacinezelweyo’. UEphrahim Mogale, umongameli wokuqala walo mbutho, wadlala indima ephambili kulo mba. ICOSAS nayo yazinikela kwimithetho- siseko yokungacaluli ngokobuhlanga nedemokhrasi. Iinjongo zomgaqo walo mbutho ibikukuqinisa izazela kubafundi noluntu ngokubanzi kwimo yengcinezelo kwimfundo eMzantsi Afrika, nokuthatha inxaxheba ekuqulunqweni komqulu wemfundo wexesha elizayo, inkqubo yemfundo yedemokhrasi engacaluli ngokobuhlanga. Ukuze ibonise ukuzibophelela kwayo kwimfundo nokwandisa umyalezo wayo iCOSAS yasungula iEducation Charter campaign. Lo mqulu wagunyazisa imigaqo yemfundo ekwiFreedom Charter. Imbono yayo yayikukuba inkqubo yemfundo yedemokhrasi inokufezekiswa kuphela kuluntu olulawulwa ngokwentando yesininzi olusekelwe kwintando yabantu bonke. Yaqaphela ukuba iBantu Education ijolise ekulawuleni nasekufundiseni ulutsha kwaye oku kunokutshintshwa kuphela ngokuguqula inkqubo yezopolitiko kwilizwe lonke. Nangona yayigxile kakhulu kwimfundo, iCOSAS ichonge ubudlelwane phakathi kwenguqu kwezemfundo nezentlalo kwingxelo yayo yeenkolelo: • Abafundi kufuneka baququzelelwe ngee-SRC ezinyulwe ngokwedemokhrasi • Abafundi mabasebenzele uluntu … • Umsebenzi wabafundi yayikukunika inkxaso kwimibutho yabasebenzi kunye nemibutho yasekuhlaleni Ngo1982, iCOSAS yamkela umxholo othi ‘Student-worker Action’ yakhuthaza ukusekwa kweenkongolo zolutsha ukuze kufezekiswe iimfuno zabasebenzi abaselula nolutsha olungaphangeliyo. Oku kuququzelele intsebenziswano phakathi kwabafundi, abasebenzi abasebatsha kunye nolutsha olungaphangeliyo. [Ithathwe https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/congress-south-african-students-cosas. Ifunyenwe nge 6 Janyuwari 2024.] Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/SEPTEMBA 2024) ISIFUNDO SEZEMBALI P2 (ISIHLOMELO) 3 UMTHOMBO 1B Umthombo ongezantsi ucacisa imisebenzi iCOSAS eyayenzayo ukuchasa inkqubo engenabulungisa yocalucalulo ngeminyaka yoo1980. Kwiminyaka yayo yokuqala, iCOSAS yayigxile kwimiba yezemfundo, ngokumanyana kwayo neUDF, ekupheleni kuka1984, abafundi bayo babesenza izinyanzeliso kwimiba yezemfundo nezopolitiko. Kuyo yonke iminyaka yoo1980, phantsi kwebhanile yeCOSAS abafundi baye babonisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zoqhankqalazo ezifana nokukwaywa, ugwayimbo, uthethathethwano nokwenza izikhalazo. ICOSAS eyayigxile kwingxubakaxaka kwimfundo ezikolweni, ijolise ekulweni iBantu Education nokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo ubudlelwane obabusiwa ngokuphawulekayo phakathi kwabafundi, ootitshala nabazali, ukususela oko kwakwaywa izikolo ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo1970. Ukwayo lwaqala kwizikolo zabebala eNtshona Koloni kodwa lwanwenwa ngokukhawuleza kwilizwe lonke, ngenxa yemiba engezikolo. Ngo1985, ukukwaywa kwezikolo kwabangela ukuba izikolo zingalawuleki kungasebenzeki kwaye kwakhokelela ekuweni kweBlack Local Authorities ezilokishini. Isilogani sabo esithi ‘Liberation before education’ sakhokelela kwisiphithiphithi kwilizwe lonke sakhokelela ekubeni kumiselwe iNational Education Crisis Committee (i-NECC) ngo1986. Kwakukho uqhanqalazo nakwiindawo ezisemaphandleni phakathi ko1985 no1986. Iintlanganiso zesininzi zaba yinto eqhelekileyo yokwayo. ICOSAS yakhankasela iiSRCs ezonyulwe ngokwedemokhrasi. Uninzi loqhankqalazo nokwayo lwasungulwa yiCOSAS. Iphulo ianti-Republic Day eligxile kwisilogani esithi ‘Forward to a People’s Republic,’ laququzelelwa ngowe1981. Ukwayo jikelele lweemveliso zakwaWilson Rowntree nezikaFattis and Monis lwenziwa ukuvelana nempatho yabasebenzi kule mizi-mveliso. Nangona kunjalo, ziziganeko zengingqi yaseVaal ezathi zaguqula uqhanqalazo lwabafundi zalwenza inxalenye yomzabalazo omkhulu wezopolitiko. Ukuchasana nokunyuswa kweendleko zerenti neenkonzo kwandisa istay-away eVaal esaxhaswa ngabafundi nabahlali abangaphezu kwama20 000. Imiba engezikolo ngoku yayinxulunyaniswa nomzabalazo wezopolitiko obanzi wokuchasana nocalucalulo nobukhapitali. [Ithathwe https:/karibu.org.za/from – Soweto-to-democracy/htm. Ifunyenwe nge 7Janyuwari 2024.] Akuvumelekanga ukufotokopa eli phepha Tyhila iphepha Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 4 ISIFUNDO SEZEMBALI P2 (ISIHLOMELO) (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) UMTHOMBO 1C Le yipowusta eyenziwe ngamalungu eCOSAS ngo1985 kwiScreen Training Project eRhawutini ukulungiselela intlanganiso yesininzi. Le powusta inobuso bongasekhoyo uBongani Khumalo, umfundi owabulawa ngo1984. ICOSAS yafaka ubuso bakhe kwicala lasekunene lale powusta ukuxhasa umzabalazo wabo wokuchasa imfundo yocalucalulo. [Ithathwe https://www.saha.org.za/imagesofdefiance/forward with democratic srcs down with apartheid education.htm. Ifunyenwe nge 7 Janyuwari 2024.] PHANTSI NGEMFUNDO PHAMBILI NGE SRC YOLALUCALULO ZEDEMOKHRASI Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/SEPTEMBA 2024) ISIFUNDO SEZEMBALI P2 (ISIHLOMELO) 5 UMTHOMBO 1D Umthombo ongezantsi uchaza indlela urhulumente owazama ngayo ukuphelisa imisebenzi ye-COSAS, nendlela abafundi abasabela ngayo kula manyathelo. Isicatshulwa sithatyathwe kwidissertation Student organisation and Political resistance: An analysis of the Congress of South African Students, 1979–1985 by T. Matona, February 1992. Kwakungekapheli nonyaka iCosas ikho phambi kokuba kubanjwe onke amaqela eenkokeli zelizwe namalungu amaninzi. UMogale wayetyholwa ngokukhuthaza iinjongo zeANC neSACP waze wavalelwa eRobben Island. Kunyaka ka1985, uqhankqalazo lwaphazamisa kakhulu ukusebenza okukuko kwizikolo zaselokishini. Iqela lesizwe labafundi elalikhokelwa yiCOSAS lakhokela umzabalazo wezopolitiko wesizwe owathi wakhula waba yingxaki. Kulo mxholo, urhulumente uye waqinisa iinzame zakhe zocinezelo. Oku kwashiya abafundi abaninzi, kuquka amalungu eCOSAS, ebhubhile, onzakele okanye egcinwe eluvalelweni. Nangona urhulumente wayekwalela ukukwaywa kwezifundo, amakhulukhulu ezikolo kulo lonke ilizwe zahlala zize. Uqhankqalazo nokucinezelwa ezikolweni lwalandela inkqubo esisiqhelo yezenzo zamapolisa nokugcina eluvalelweni kwabanenxaxheba kukwayo olungena bundlobongela. Oku kwaphembelela kukwayo, kunyanzeliswa ukuba kukhululwe abanye abafundi. Elinye inyathelo lamapolisa lwandisa ungquzulwano, imingcwabo nezikhumbuzo zabo baswelekayo zaba zezona ndawo zoqhankqalazo. Umngcwabo womfundi oneminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu ubudala owabulawa ngethuba amapolisa engquzulana nabafundi ababekwaya izifundo njengoko babenyanzelisa, phakathi kwezinye izinto kususwe umthetho weminyaka yobudala nelungelo lokuseka iStudent Representative Councils a (SRC), wawuzinyaswe ngabafundi abangaphezu. kwama10 000. Isithethi seCOSAS kulo mngcwabo sathi: “Siza kubonisa ngezenzo ukuba iBantu Education ikhohlakele. Siza kuyivukela de ibe ichithwe ngokupheleleyo, ilahlwe kumgqomo wembali kwaye ingcwatywe kube kuphelile.” Ekugqibeleni, i-COSAS yavalwa umlomo phakathi ku1985 njengoko iState of Emergency sabhengezwa ngurhulumente woMzantsi Afrika. Ngelixa umbutho weCOSAS wachaphazeleka, ukuhlanganiswa kwabafundi kuye kwaba namandla kakhulu ukuba kungalawuleka. [Ithathwe Student organisation and Political resistance: An analysis of the Congress of South African Students, 1979–1985 by T. Matona] Akuvumelekanga ukufotokopa eli phepha Tyhila iphepha Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 6 ISIFUNDO SEZEMBALI P2 (ISIHLOMELO) (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) UMBUZO 2: YAJONGANA NJANI ITRUTH AND RECONCILIATION COMMISSION NOKUBULAWA KWEGUGULETHU SEVEN? UMTHOMBO 2A Lo mthombo ungezantsi ugxile kwindlela amaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika akwazi ngayo ukugqobhozela kwiGugulethu Seven ngo1985. Ngexesha lika1985, kwakukho ukunyuka okungamandla kuhlaselo kuxhotyiwe ngabasebenzi beMK, kubandakanywa uhlaselo ngesiqhushumbisi sesandla kwimikhosi yokhuseleko ngoAgasti olwakhokelela kwiingxwelerha. Oku kubangele ukuba uMajor General Griebenouw wamapolisa okhuseleko eNtshona Koloni acele uncedo kwiVlakplaas. Inkumanda yeVlakplaas uEugene de Kock uthumele (uququzelele) abasebenzi abathile beVlakplaas kuquka uJoe Coetzer, uRiaan Bellingan nama asikari ailiqela, aquka uGladstone Moss, uEric ‘Shakes’ Maluleke noXola Frank ‘Jimmy’ Mbane. Iiasikari zaxelelwa ngokufutshane ngamalungu amapolisa okhuseleko. Zaboniswa iifoto zamatshantliziyo athile aseGugulethu atyholwa ngokuba ‘ngabanqolobi’ abayingozi. Emva kwemizamo engaphumeleliyo yokugqobhozela kukaMbelo (iaskarii) kwiqela laseGugulethu, uJimmy no-Eric Maluleke bathunyelwa khona. Banikwa izixhobo neziqhushumbisi baze bafika kwikhaya lenkokeli yabahlala ematyotyombeni u’Yamile’, besithi bazi nkumanda ezivela elubhacweni, ukunika ubungqina, bavula ipaneli efihliweyo kwiminibus, bebonisa imipu yabo. UYamile wazikholelwa iiaskari waze, emva kokuzazisa kuChristopher ‘Rasta’ Piet, bakhawuleza babomba undoqo womalungu eqela elathi laziwa njenge ‘Gugulethu Seven’. Ngomhla wesi3 kuMatshi ka1986, kancinci nje emva ko07h00, amadoda asixhenxe aneminyaka ephakathi kweshumi elinesithandathu namashumi amabini anesithathu adutyulwa abulawa eGugulethu. Onke afumana amanxeba amaninzi okudutyulwa emizimbeni yabo: onke adutyulwa entloko: omnye icala lobuso bakhe lalidlakaziwe. [Ithathwe https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume3/chapter5/subsection35.htm. Ifunyenwe nge7 Janyuwari 2024.] Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/SEPTEMBA 2024) ISIFUNDO SEZEMBALI P2 (ISIHLOMELO) 7 UMTHOMBO 2B Oku kulandelayo yinxalenye yobungqina obanikwa nguThapelo Mbele noRian Bellingan kwindibano yengxoxo Truth and Reconciliation Commission eKapa ngomhla we18 kuNovemba ka1997. Obunye bobungqina obuphambili kweli tyala ‘iGugulethu Seven’ bubungqina bukaThapelo Johannes Mbelo, olilungu lesebe lezokhuseleko. UMbelo kwingxelo yakhe efungelweyo wathi ukuba amapolisa ayefuna ukubamba eli qela, ngekwaba lula kuba iasikari bezinokuwabonisa amapolisa apho anokulifumana khona. Wacacisela le komiti indlela amagosa asebupoliseni kwitlanganiso ayalelwa ngayo ukuba athathe izikhundla ezithile kwindawo ekwakucetywa uhlaselo kuyo loo minibus. Emva kokuba uhlaselo lungazange lwenzeke, barhoxa baze bachithachitheka, waqaphela abanye babarhanelwa kwipavumente. Kuba wayecinga ukuba babezimisele ukuhlasela amapolisa, olu lwazi walubhengeza ngonomathotholo koogxa bakhe. Ukudubulana kwaqala kungekudala emva koko. Wabona omnye wabarhanelwa, uChristopher Piet, ebaleka nompu edubula. UMbelo wathi wabona uPiet edutyulwa esiwa phantsi, nangona wayengaboni ukuba udutyulwa ngubani. Emva kokumisa isithuthi awayesiqhuba, uMbelo uthi kwavela umhlaseli kuye enyuse izandla emoyeni, ngesiXhosa wathi uza kuwabonisa amapolisa apho bakhoyo abanye. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuba le ndoda yohluthwe izixhobo, usajini womkhosi wodushe wamyalela ukuba adubule le ndoda, waza wenjenjalo, ngokuyidubula entloko. UMbelo waxelela le komiti ukuba wabona uBellingan, owayeyinkumanda yakhe ngelo xesha, ekhupha omnye umrhanelwa kwisithuthi esasikwindawo yexhwayelo waza wamdubula kabini. UMbelo, ucele iintsapho zabangasekhoyo ukuba zimxolele kwaye wathembisa ukudibana nazo ngabanye ngabanye ukuze axolise. Ngeli xesha, uBellingan uyabukhanyela ubuninzi bobungqina bukaMbelo. Ukwathe eli phulo alihambanga ngokwesicwangciso sokubamba abenzi bobubi ngethuba besiya ngakwiminibus yabasebenzi bamapolisa. Wakumela ukuba kwakungazukuba lula ukulibamba elo qela kuba lalisoloko lihamba lisuka kwenye indawo liye kwenye. Nangona ke kunjalo, walwamkela uxanduva olupheleleyo ngokufa kwaba basixhenxe. [Ithathwehttps://www.justice.gov.za/trc/hrvtrans/heide/ct00100.htm. Ifunyenwe nge4 Matshi 2024.] Akuvumelekanga ukufotokopa eli phepha Tyhila iphepha Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 8 ISIFUNDO SEZEMBALI P2 (ISIHLOMELO) (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) UMTHOMBO 2C Le yikhathuni kaZapiro ehlomla malunga nempumelelo yeTruth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) ngoJulayi ka1998. [Ithathwe Zapiro, End of Part One by J. Shapiro.Ifunyenwe nge20 Matshi 2024.] ULAPHA IYA KUXOLELWANYISO INYANISO Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/SEPTEMBA 2024) ISIFUNDO SEZEMBALI P2 (ISIHLOMELO) 9 UMTHOMBO 2D Oku kulandelayo zizicatshulwa ezimbini zobungqina boomama beGugulethu Seven, uCynthia Nomvewu Ngewu, umama kaChristopher ‘Rasta’ Piet noNotrose Konile ongumama kaZabonke John Konile kwiindibano yeTruth and Reconciliation Commission ngomhla wama27 kuNovemba ka1996. Kubungqina bakhe bomhla wama27 kuNovemba ka1996 kwiTruth and Reconciliation Commission, umama kaPiet uCynthia Nomveyu Ngewu wathi inkqubo yamatyala enkundleni yayingonelisi kwaye wayengaluva ulwimi olwaluthethwa; iinkqubo zaziqhutywa ngesiBhulu. UNgewu wathi waye wabona unyana wakhe oswelekileyo kumabonakude erhuqwa ngentambo esinqeni. Bebemrhuqa ukusuka kwivan. Amapolisa amxelela ukuba unyana wakhe udubule amapolisa, kwaze emva koko afika ekhayeni lakhe eze kufuna izixhobo. Uthi baxelelwa ukuba mababangcwabe kwangoko oonyana babo, kodwa amagqwetha abo abacebisa ukuba babangcwabe ngexesha abafuna ngalo. Emva kwexesha elide kwaye sele belibele ngale nto, baxelelwa ukuba kuza kwenziwa uphando eWynberg. Baxelelwa ukuba uChristopher wadutyulwa nguBarnard noCoetzee. Uthe ngexesha zonke ezi zinto zenzekayo, wayebuthathaka kakhulu. Wayezele yinzondo ngenxa yendlela awabulawa ngayo unyana wakhe. UNgewu kamva wavakalisa inkolelo yakhe yoxolelo noxolelwaniso malunga nokusweleka konyana wakhe. “Asifuni ukubuyisela ububi obenziwa ziperpetrators esizweni. Sifuna ukubonisa ubuntu kubo ukuze nabo babuyelwe bubuntu babo.” UNksk. Konile wabuqala ubungqina bakhe ngokuncwina kabuhlungu izihlandlo ezithandathu kwimizuzwana emihlanu waze wathi, “Ndidinwe kakhulu – ndidinwe kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba le nkqubo iqale sele ndiphelelwe lithemba. Bendingazokwazi ukuthetha nabo, lityala labo ukuba ngoku ndibe kule ntlungu, bendingazokwazi ukuba mandithini ngabo. Andinakuze ndibaxelele ukuba mabenze ntoni. Ndincame nje yonke into. Andifuni kuxoka – andizange ndibaxolele.” ITruth and Reconciliation Commission yanika amaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika, uRian Bellingan, uThapelo Mbelo noXola Frank ‘Jimmy’ Mbane iamnesty ngezi ziganeko zokubulala. [Ithathwe www.sabctrc.saha.org.za. Ifunyenwe nge8 Janyuwari 2024.] Akuvumelekanga ukufotokopa eli phepha Tyhila iphepha Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10 ISIFUNDO SEZEMBALI P2 (ISIHLOMELO) (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) UMBUZO 3: IGLOBALISATION YALUCHAPHAZELA NJANI UQOQOSHO LWAMAZWE ASAKHASAYO? UMTHOMBO 3A Lo mthombo ungezantsi ugxile kwizinto ezingeloncedo zeglobalisation kumazwe asakhasayo. Kwezoqoqosho, iglobalisation inokuchazwa njengenkqubo apho amashishini, imibutho namazwe aqala ukusebenza kwinqanaba lamazwe ngamazwe. Izinga leglobalisation liye landa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa yenkqubela ekhawulezileyo kunxibelelwano nezothutho. Inkqubela phambili kunxibelelwano yenza ukuba amashishini achonge amathuba otyalomali. Kwangaxeshanye, iinguqulelo ezintsha kubuchwephesha bolwazi zenza unxibelelwano olukhawulezileyo nokudluliselwa ngokukhawuleza kwee asethi zemali kwimida yelizwe. Iglobalisation ibonelela amashishini ithuba elililo lokhuphiswano ngokuwavumela ukuba afumane (azuze) imathiriyeli ekrwada apho ixabiso lingabizi kakhulu. Iglobalisation ikwanika imibutho ithuba elililo lokusebenzisa iindleko eziphantsi zabasebenzi bamazwe asakhasayo, ngelixa isebenzisa (ixhaphaza) ubuchule bobugcisa namava oqoqosho lwamazwe aphuhlileyo. Ngeglobalisation, amalungu ahlukeneyo emveliso enye anokwenziwa kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yehlabathi. Asiyiyo yonke into ephathelele kwiglobalisation eluncedo. Naluphi na utshintsho lunabaphumeleleyo nabahlulakalayo, kwaye abantu abahlala kwiindawo ezixhomekeke kwimisebenzi evela kwezinye iindawo bahlala bexhaphazeka. Ngokunjalo, oku kuthetha ukuba abasebenzi kumazwe asele ephuhlile kwezoqoqosho kufuneka bakhuphisane neemarike ezineendleko eziphantsi kwimisebenzi. Imeko intsonkothe ngakumbi kumazwe asakhasayo, apho ezoqoqosho zitshintsha ngokukhawuleza. Ngokwenene, iimeko zokusebenza kwabantu kwiindawo ezithile kwikhonkco lokubonelela zilusizi (azamkelekanga). Umzekelo, ishishini leempahla eBangladesh liqeshe abantu abaqikelelwa kwizigidi ezine, kodwa umqeshwa nje oqhelekileyo ufumana umvuzo wenyanga ongaphantsi kunomvuzo wosuku womsebénzi waseMerika. [Ithathwe https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/effects-economic-globalization/. Ifunyenwe nge 11 Matshi 2024.] Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/SEPTEMBA 2024) ISIFUNDO SEZEMBALI P2 (ISIHLOMELO) 11 UMTHOMBO 3B Umthombo ongezantsi ubhalwe lilungu le-Anti-Globalisation Movement. Igxile kwindima edlalwe yiWorld Trade Organisation (iWTO) malunga neglobalisation. Ngeengoma ezithi, "Hey, hey, ho, ho, iWTO mayihambe!" kwaye “Abantu bemanyene, soze sohlukane!”, ‘iFestival of resistance’ sele iqalile … ilandelwa yindibanisela (umanyano) eyonwabileyo yabadlalii bamagubu nabadlali befleyiti bekhokhela isingqi. Umanyano lwabantu abaphantsi olukhuthazayo, olunenzondelelo labona bantu babengalindelekanga, lwaluhlanganisene kwizitrato zombindi wedolophu yaseSeattle ukuze luvakalise ukungoneliseki kakhulu kwalo ngotshaba olufanayo; umthetho wezoshishino owonakalisayo weWorld Trade Organisation … iWTO. Abaqhankqalazi abaquka abasebenzi bentsimbi neentsapho zabo, abagcini bendalo, ama-hippie amadala, abafundi basekholejini, oomakhulu, abasebenzi bangaphandle abasuka eMexico, iimonki zaseTibet, abasebenzi basePacific Rim sweatshop (abasebenzi basefektri abafumana umvuzo ophantsi, abasebenza iiyure ezinde kwaye phantsi kweemeko ezimbi zokusebenza), abalwela amalungelo ezilwanyana benxibe njengamafudo aselwandle, noonongendi abambalwa abangamameliyo. Elinjani lona itheko! Eli qela lihle lemotley(elixubileyo) linobuntu lalifunde kakhulu kwaye linolwazi ngemiba ephathelele kwimisebenzi yeWTO. Lalilwenzile uphando lwalo kuqala. Kwiintsuku ezine ezidlulileyo endandiseSeattle nakwiiveki ezininzi ngaphambi koko, iindibano zocweyo ezahlukeneyo neesemina ngemibandela eyahlukahlukeneyo yelizwe nezizwe ngezizwe zaziqhutyelwa kwiiholo zomanyano zasekuhlaleni nakwiicawe. Imiba eyayixoxwa yayisukela ekuvelisweni kokutya okwenziwa ngokwemfuza; iisweatshops eIndonesia, ePakistan, eMexico nakwiiPhilippines; ukugawulwa kakuhle kwamahlathi; imithetho ekhusela izilwanyana; ihomoni zenkomo; umoya onetyhefu, amanzi nomhlaba; ukulahlekelwa yimisebenzi kwabasebenzi baseMelika kwiimarike zaphesheya (ndingabiza umsebenzi wamakhoboka ngexabiso eliphantsi); … Ngokuphandle, iajenda ephambili yeWTO ibandakanya ukutshatyalaliswa kweplanethi nokuxhatshazwa kwabasebenzi ziinkampani ezimbalwa zamazwe ngamazwe ii-CEO nabaninizabelo abakhulu ... egameni lokunyoluka okucacileyo namandla. Yaye bayazibuza ukuba kutheni abantu abaninzi kangaka bephuma ezitratweni ukuze babachase. [Ithathwe http://pecoskid.com/my-writings/anti-globalization-movement-essays-battle-in-seattle/. Ifunyenwe nge 11 Matshi 2024.] Akuvumelekanga ukufotokopa eli phepha Tyhila iphepha Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 12 ISIFUNDO SEZEMBALI P2 (ISIHLOMELO) (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) UMTHOMBO 3C Lo ngumfanekiso wekhathuni yomninikhathuni ongaziwayo ogxeka ukufuduswa kwemveliso ukusuka eUSA ukuya kumazwe anemivuzo ephantsi (Indonesia). [Ithathwe https//www.pinterest.de/pin/366128644678749632/ Ifunyenwe nge 11 Matshi 2024.] AKUKHO MISEBENZI UMSEBENZI AKANAZIHLANGU OMNINZI Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/SEPTEMBA 2024) ISIFUNDO SEZEMBALI P2 (ISIHLOMELO) 13 UMTHOMBO 3D Isicatshulwa esingezantsi sigxile kwimpembelelo imulti-national companies ezaba nazo kubomi babantu abakumgangatho osezantsi kumazwe asakhasayo. Ukusukela kwiSecond World War, ukwanda kwemveliso kwihlabathi kuye kwaqhutywa ziinkampani ezinkulu ezisebenza ngaphaya kwemida. Iinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ziye zanda kwihlabathi jikelele ngokufumana imizimveliso phesheya kweelwandle, ukusebenzisa imivuzo ephantsi yabasebenzi okanye ukusondela kwiimarike zabo. Iinkampani ziye zaba namandla ngakumbi kunezizwe ezininzi. Ngelixa zizisa utyalomali lwangaphandle olufunekayo kumazwe asakhasayo, ezi nkampani zidla ngokubeka ingeniso ngaphambi kwamalungelo abasebenzi okanye amazwe ezikuwo. Iivenkile ezinkulu kumazwe aphuhlileyo zamisele ikhonkco lokubonelela ihlabathi kwaye ziqinisekise ngemveliso esezantsi evela kwihlabathi liphela. Kodwa abantu abavelisa imveliso baxhomekeke kumaxabiso abawafumanayo, nto leyo kwiimeko ezininzi ethe yehla kakhulu kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka edlulileyo. Oku kuphelisa (kususa) amandla abo okubonelela ngomgangatho osisiseko wokuphila kwiintsapho zabo. Ingxaki asikokuba urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe luchasene ngokwemvelo (ngokusisiseko) kwiimfuno nomdla wabantu abahluphekayo, kodwa ukuba imigaqo elawulayo ilungiselelwe ukuxhasa amazwe atyebileyo. Ukuze abantu abahluphekayo bazuze kurhwebo lwehlabathi, imithetho kufuneka itshintshwe ukuze iqinisekise ukufikeleleka ngokulula kwabantu abahluphekayo kwiimarike zelizwe nezamazwe ngamazwe. [Ithathwe http//wwwdeved.youth ie/issues/globalisation and trade. Ifumaneke nge11 Matshi 2024.] Akuvumelekanga ukufotokopa eli phepha Tyhila iphepha Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 14 ISIFUNDO SEZEMBALI P2 (ISIHLOMELO) (EC/SEPTEMBER 2024) IMITHOMBO YOLWAZI ESETYENZISIWEYO Imithombo ebonakalayo nezinye izinto ezibubungqina bezembali zithathwe kule mithombo yolwazi: http//wwwdeved.youth .ie/issues/globalisation_and_trade https:/karibu.org.za/from – Soweto-to-democracy/htm http://pecoskid.com/my-writings/anti-globalization-movement-essays-battle-in-seattle/. https//www.pinterest.de/pin/366128644678749632/ https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/effects-economic-globalization/ https://www.justice.gov.za/trc/hrvtrans/heide/ct00100.htm https://www.saha.org.za/imagesofdefiance/forward with democratic srcs down with apartheid education.htm https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/congress-south-african-students-cosas https:/karibu.org.za/from – Soweto-to-democracy/htm Shapiro, J., 1998, Zapiro, End of Part One, 1st ed, Cape Town, David Phillip Publishers Maona, T. 1992 Student organisation and Political resistance: An analysis of the Congress of South African Students, 1979–1985 www.sabctrc.saha.org.za Copyright reserved Please turn over Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za.